securing the north and south shores of the Scheldt, 307–308
Scheldt operation was abandoned in favor of clearing French ports, 308
two fortified islands: Walcheren on north bank and Breken on south bank, 303
See also Antwerp; Operation INFATUATE
Schweppenburg, Leo Geyr von (German field marshal)
aristocrat with long family military lineages, 123
commander for large-scale counterattack in either Normandy or Pas-de-Calais, 123
commander of Panzer Troops West, 123
Second Washington Conference (June 1942), 25–26
SHELLBURST (Eisenhower's headquarters in Normandy, Aug. 20), 245, 278–79
Siegfried Line. See German West Wall
Slapton Sands Beach. See Operation TIGER
Slim, William (British general), 54, 57
Smith, Walter Bedell (US major general), 48, 51
background, 65
chief of staff to Eisenhower, 52, 53
Eisenhower's “primary shock absorber” and “hatchet man,” 65
role behind the scenes for Eisenhower, 65
SHAEF chief of staff, 65, 80
SHAEF meeting in London (Feb. 1, 1944), 53
SOE. See British Special Operations Executive
South Beveland Peninsula, 304–305, 308, 318
Spaatz, Carl (US general), 93–94
Speer, Albert (German minister of armaments and war production), 122
Speidel, Hans (German lieutenant general), 125
Sperrle, Hugo (German field marshal, commander of the Third Air Fleet), 121
Stacey, Charles Percy (historian), 269
Stagg, James M. (group captain, Royal Air Force), 114
Stalin, Joseph (Russian leader), 26–27, 30–31, 43. See also “Big Three”
Stark, Harold R. (US admiral), 85
Stimson, Henry (US secretary of war), 48
St. Lo, 40, 99, 127, 141, 160, 197–99, 218, 225
Stuart, K. (US lieutenant general), 20
Student, Kurt (German general), 310, 312–13
Summersby, Kay (Eisenhower's driver), 55
Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF)
Eisenhower assume command of, 51–52
five-division initial Normandy assault, 89
logistical planning experts issued warnings to all Allied commanders, 83
meeting in London (Feb. 1, 1944), 53
Morgan appointed deputy chief of staff, 42
Norfolk House (St. James Square, London), 42
Operation OVERLORD
final full-scale briefing (May 15), 105–107
plan's ambiguities and the impasse over its bombing strategy, SHAEF resolved, 94
Sword Beach (Normandy landing, June 6, 1944), 138, 143, 157–61, 163
Symonds, Craig (historian), 189
Tedder, Sir Arthur W. (British air chief marshal), 52
Allied air commander throughout the Mediterranean, 64
background, 64
chief of RAF operations in the Mediterranean and North Africa, 64
director general for research at Air Ministry, 64
Eisenhower's deputy supreme commander, Expeditionary Force, 52, 53, 64–65
Imperial Defence College in London, 57
OVERLORD final full-scale briefing (May 15), 105–107
SHAEF meeting in London (Feb. 1, 1944), 53
“Transportation Plan,” 94
Tehran Conference (Iran, Nov.–Dec. 1943), 30–31
Todt construction organization (German), 119, 122, 129
Trident conference (Washington, DC, May 1943), 29
Tripartite Alliance (Germany-Italy-Japan), 21
Ultra code breaking, 92, 97, 99, 101, 167–69, 201, 258, 310–11, 325
Urban, Mark (historian), 299
Urquhart, Brian (British major, First Airborne Corps’ intelligence officer), 311–12
Utah Beach (Normandy landing, June 6, 1944)
American forces landing on D-Day, 104
Bradley commander of American First Army, 99
Eighty-Second Airborne Division, 165
German Ninety-First Infantry Division, 109
Rommel, Erwin
flooded low tidal marshlands behind Utah Beach, 132
inspection of Utah Beach, 135
US Eighty-Second and 101st Airborne Divisions, 109, 138
“we’ll start the war from right here,” 145–46
See also Cotentin Peninsula
Vian, Sir Philip (British vice admiral), 84–85, 145
Victory Program (US War Department Plan, July 1941), 23–24
von Kluge, Gunther. See Kluge, Gunther von
von Rundstedt, Gerd. See Rundstedt, Gerd von
von Schweppenburg, Leo Geyr. See Schweppenburg, Leo Geyr von
Voroshilov, K. E. (Russian marshal), 31
War Cabinet, British (London), 62, 216
Eisenhower as OVERLORD's supreme commander, 62, 64
Wedemeyer, Albert (historian), 23
Weidner, William (historian), 24, 217, 267, 269
Weigley, Russell (historian), 61
Westphal, Siegfried (German general), 298
West Wall. See German West Wall
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