Lupus, Bishop of Troyes ref 1
Lyne ref 1
Lyne Water ref 1
Lytton, Lord: King Arthur ref 1
Mabinogion (‘The Dream of Macsen’) ref 1, ref 2
MacBeth, Gilbert ref 1
MacBeth, Patrick ref 1
MacDiarmid, Hugh ref 1
MacGabrain, Aedan ref 1
Mackenzie, Hector ref 1
MacMalcolms ref 1, ref 2
Macsen, Emperor (Magnus Maximus; Macsen Wledig) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
creates a gap in Wales’ defences ref 1
defeats the Picts and Scots (384) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Maeatae ref 1
magic ref 1
and ghost fences ref 1
wells and ref 1
Magnentius ref 1
Magyars ref 1
Mahiloc, Bishop ref 1
Mailros/Maolros ref 1, ref 2
Malcolm II MacMalcolm, King of Scotland ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
male fern ref 1
Malory, Sir Thomas ref 1, ref 2
Le Morte d’Arthur ref 1, ref 2
Manau ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12
Manau, Battle of (582) ref 1, ref 2
Manau-Gododdin ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Manaw, Battle of (711) ref 1
Mannan, Manannan mac lir (Celtic god of the sea) ref 1
Manx Gaelic ref 1
maps
Eildon Hill North and its environs ref 1
Scottish Borders ref 1
tribal regions circa AD ref 1
Yarrow, the Warriors’ Rest and Annan Street ref 1
Marchidun ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
see also Roxburgh Castle
Marchmound ref 1
Marcus Aurelius, Emperor ref 1
Marianus ref 1, ref 2
Mark, King of Damnonia ref 1
Martial ref 1
Martin of Tours, St ref 1
Mary, Virgin ref 1
Maryport ref 1
Matres Campestres ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Matter of Britain ref 1
Maxton ref 1
Mearns ref 1
Medcaut ref 1
Medici court ref 1
medicine, Celtic ref 1
medieval kings ref 1
Medionemeton ref 1, ref 2
Medraut ref 1
Meldon Burn ref 1
Melrose ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Melrose Abbey ref 1, ref 2
boundary dispute with Kelso Abbey ref 1
Melrose Liber ref 1
memory
folk ref 1, ref 2
and illiteracy ref 1
transports of ref 1, ref 2
Men of the North (Gwyr Y Gogledd) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16
Men of North Wales ref 1
Mentieth ref 1
Mentieth, lake of ref 1
Merchidun ref 1
Merioneth ref 1
Merlin ref 1
death ref 1, ref 2
documentary evidence for his existence ref 1
early myths ref 1
flees to the Wood of Celidon ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
and Geoffrey of Monmouth ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
grave of ref 1
and Lailoken ref 1, ref 2
no connection with Arthur ref 1, ref 2
as a pagan bard ref 1
Prophecies of Myrddin
‘Appletrees’ ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
‘A Dialogue Between Myrddin and his Sister Gwenddydd’ ref 1
‘The Dialogue of Myrddin and Taliesin’ ref 1
‘A Fugitive Poem of Myrddin in his Grave’ ref 1
‘Greetings’ ref 1, ref 2
the stories ref 1
Merlindale ref 1
Merlindale Bridge ref 1
Merlin’s Cave ref 1
Merse ref 1
Mersey River ref 1
metalwork ref 1
Metcaud see Lindisfarne
metre ref 1
Mexico ref 1
Miathi ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Middle Ages ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
Middlesex ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Midlands ref 1
Milchu ref 1
Military Road ref 1, ref 2
mining ref 1
mistletoe ref 1
Modron ref 1
Moffat, Alistair: Kelsae: A History of Kelso From the Earliest Times ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Moffat, Bina ref 1, ref 2
Moffat family ref 1
monastic charters ref 1
monks
at Kelso Abbey ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6
Celtic ref 1
Monkswell ref 1
Mons Graupius ref 1, ref 2
Moray Filth ref 1
Morcant ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Mordred ref 1, ref 2
Morecambe Bay ref 1
Morgan Le Fay ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Morris, John: The Age of Arthur ref 1
Morris, William: ‘The Defence of Guinevere’ ref 1
Mote of Mark, near Dalbeattie ref 1
Mount Badon see Badon Hill, Battle of
Muggers ref 1, ref 2
Mungo ref 1
Murray family ref 1
Mussolini, Benito ref 1
Muthag, John ref 1
Mynyddawg, King ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Myot Hill ref 1
Myrddin see Merlin
Napoleon Bonaparte ref 1
National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh ref 1
Nectaridus, the Count of the Saxon Shore ref 1, ref 2
Nennius ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7
Historia Brittonum ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13
Netherby ref 1
New Age ref 1
Newcastleton ref 1
Newstead ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Ninian, St ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6
Ninth Legion ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Normans ref 1, ref 2
Norse, the ref 1
Norsemen ref 1
North Africa ref 1
North Lanarkshire ref 1
North Sea ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Northampton ref 1, ref 2
Northumberland ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
DNA testing ref 1
Northumbria ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Angle kings of ref 1, ref 2
Vikings conquer ref 1
Notitia Dignitatum ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6
Novantae tribe ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13
oak ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Oaken Dean ref 1
Obar Pheallaidh ref 1
Ochils ref 1
Odin ref 1
Odin’s Host ref 1
Oengus, son of Fergus ref 1
Oestrymnides Islands ref 1
Offa of Mercia’s Dyke ref 1
Ogham script ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Ogham stones ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Ogma (Irish God) ref 1
Oidhche Shamhna ref 1
Olaf, Viking overlord ref 1
Old King Cole ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Old Melrose ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Old Norse ref 1
Old Peoples ref 1, ref 2
lack of a written record ref 1
language ref 1
and the P-Celts ref 1
and place/water-names ref 1
progress of ref 1
Old Welsh ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6
see also Welsh language
‘Olwen’ ref 1
O’Neill, Eugene ref 1
oppidum ref 1
oral tradition ref 1
Orchairt ref 1
Ordnance Survey r
ef 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7
Orkneys ref 1, ref 2
Otherworld ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Otterburn ref 1, ref 2
Our Lady’s Chapel ref 1
Our Lady’s Well ref 1
Owain, son of Urien ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
Owain the Bald, King ref 1, ref 2
Owain of Strathclyde, King ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
P-Celtic ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8
as Breton ref 1
names rendered in ref 1
speech community ref 1
P-Celts
belief in the sanctity of the land ref 1
conversion of P-Celtic kingdoms ref 1
defeat in the south ref 1
emergence of new kingdoms ref 1
enemies ref 1
family life ref 1
and hills ref 1
as hunters ref 1
illiteracy ref 1
last powerful king vilified ref 1
Macsen leads against Picts and Scots ref 1
memories of Arthur ref 1
often called the British ref 1
and the Old Peoples ref 1
pastoral economy ref 1
and the Picts ref 1
and Roman cavalrymen ref 1
start to call themselves the Cumber ref 1
and Thomas the Rhymer ref 1
and throwing weapons into water ref 1
use of the horse in warfare ref 1
Padua, university of ref 1
pagans, origin of the word ref 1
pagus (a group of comrades-in-arms) ref 1, ref 2
Paisley ref 1
Pallin’s Burn ref 1
Paulinus, St ref 1
Paris, capital of the Parisi ref 1
Patrick, St ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
Confessio ref 1
Paul (‘Catena’; an official) ref 1
Paullinus, Suetonius ref 1
Pausanius ref 1
Pausyl Burn ref 1
Pays de Galles ref 1
Peak District ref 1, ref 2
Peallaidh ref 1
peasants, origin of the word ref 1
Peat Law ref 1
peat-bogs, bodies of Old Peoples and Celts found ref 1
Peebles ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
Peebleshire Militia ref 1
Pegolotti (Florentine merchant) ref 1
Pelagian heresy ref 1, ref 2
Pembroke ref 1, ref 2
Pembrokeshire ref 1
Pencaitland ref 1
Pendragon, Uther (Arthur’s father) ref 1, ref 2
the stories ref 1
Penmanshiel ref 1
Pennant, Thomas ref 1
Tour of Scotland ref 1
Pennines ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9
Pennygant Hill ref 1
Pennymuir ref 1
Pennymuir Rig ref 1
Pentland Firth ref 1
Pentland Hills ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Peredur, King of York ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Perthshire ref 1, ref 2
Pesrut, Paternus ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7
Pictish ref 1
Pictland ref 1
Picts ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9
alliances formed ref 1, ref 2
army destroyed (672) ref 1
Arthur defeats ref 1
the Barbarian Conspiracy ref 1, ref 2
conversion of southern Picts ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
defeated by Macsen ref 1
domestic architecture ref 1
fearsome reputation ref 1
Fullofaudes captured ref 1
Germanus and ref 1
and the Gododdin ref 1
as the greatest enemies of Britain ref 1
illiteracy ref 1
immigration to the Southern Uplands ref 1
and the P-Celts ref 1
as ‘the painted people’ ref 1
raids ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7
resistance to ref 1
retreat (750) ref 1
and Saxons ref 1, ref 2
seaborne attacks ref 1
symbol stone ref 1
toughness of ref 1
Pillars of Hercules ref 1
pirates ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Pirnie, near Maxton ref 1
place-names ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16
Plebs (plebes) ref 1, ref 2
Pliny the Elder ref 1
Poland
heraldic system ref 1
and the Sarmatians ref 1
Poliziano, Angelo ref 1
pollen archaeologists ref 1
Polmaise ref 1
Polybius ref 1
pools, coins in ref 1
Portugal ref 1
potsherds ref 1
pottery ref 1
Powis Burn ref 1
Powsail Burn ref 1
praefectus (cavalry commander) ref 1
Pranwrsete ref 1
Prasutagus, King of the Iceni ref 1, ref 2
pregnancy ref 1
Pretani ref 1
priests, and agricultural rents ref 1
Primrose, Roxburghshire ref 1
Primside ref 1
Prin, near Innerleithen ref 1
Prince of Wales ref 1
promiscuity ref 1
Prophecies of Myrddin ref 1
Ptolemy ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Pyrenees ref 1
Q-Celtic ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Q-Celts
Ogham script ref 1
P-Celtic names changed ref 1
and their cattle ref 1
quarter days ref 1, ref 2
Rachan Hill ref 1
Raeburn, Sir Henry ref 1
Raeti Gaesati ref 1
raiding parties ref 1, ref 2
‘rantree’ ref 1
Ravenna Cosmography ref 1, ref 2
Recedham ref 1
Red Dragon of Wales ref 1, ref 2
Rede River ref 1, ref 2
Redesdale Hills ref 1, ref 2
Reformation ref 1
Renaissance ref 1
rents ref 1
Renwick family ref 1
Rheged ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16
Rhine River ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
Rhineland ref 1
Rhodri Mawr ref 1
rhyme ref 1
Rhymer’s Glen ref 1, ref 2
Ribble River ref 1
Ribchester ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Richard I, King ref 1
Richard III, King ref 1
Richborough ref 1
Riddels of Haining ref 1
Riderch Hael ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
Riderch Hen ref 1
Rink ref 1
Risingham ref 1, ref 2
river names ref 1
rivers, coins in ref 1
roads ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9, ref 10, ref 11, ref 12, ref 13, ref 14, ref 15, ref 16, ref 17
Robert I Bruce, King of Scotland ref 1, ref 2
Rochdale ref 1
Rochester ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Rock of Dumbarton ref 1
Rohallion ref 1
Rokesburg ref 1
Roma ref 1
Roman army
aims to encircle the Selgovae ref 1
Celtic cavalry regiments ref 1
declares a new emperor ref 1
equestrian training ref 1, ref 2
expeditionary force from Britain defeats barbarians ref 1
hill tribes kill the provincial governor ref 1
negotiates a peace (198) ref 1
superior training ref 1
in three sections in Britannia re
f 1
unable to conquer Scotland ref 1
Welsh subdued ref 1
Roman camps ref 1, ref 2
Roman Empire ref 1, ref 2
Roman fort, Eildon Hill North ref 1
Roman legions ref 1
romance languages ref 1
Romans
and Celtic festivals ref 1
focus of power shifts to the east ref 1
the high-water mark of their power in Britain ref 1
imperial policy in Britain ref 1
levying local forces ref 1
maps ref 1, ref 2
Saturnalia ref 1
Scottish kings’ descent from ref 1
treatment of women ref 1
writings on the Celts ref 1
Romany ref 1
Rome ref 1, ref 2
Coliseum ref 1
court of ref 1, ref 2
and Jedburgh ref 1
sacked by Cisalpine Gauls ref 1
Round Table ref 1, ref 2
rowan ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Rowchester ref 1
Roxburgh ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Berwick split from ref 1
as capital ref 1
described ref 1
extinction ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5
ghost name ref 1
textile industry ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
virtues as a stronghold ref 1, ref 2
wealth ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Roxburgh Castle ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8
see also Marchidun
Roxburghe, Dukes of ref 1, ref 2
Roxburghshire ref 1
Royal Highland Show, near Edinburgh ref 1
Ruberslaw ref 1
Rutulius, Palladius ref 1
sacred groves ref 1, ref 2
Sacred Isle ref 1
sacrifice
of bulls ref 1
human ref 1
St Albans, falls to Boudicca ref 1
St Boswells ref 1
St Cuthbert’s Church, Old Melrose ref 1
St Dunstan’s Well ref 1
St James’ church, Roxburgh ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
St James’ Fair ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4
St Mary in Wedale ref 1, ref 2
St Mary’s church, Kelso ref 1
St Mary’s well ref 1
St Mulvay church, Lewis ref 1
St Omer, Lambert de ref 1
Sais see Saxons
Samhuinn (1 November) ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8
Samhuinn Eve ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Sampson, Agnes ref 1
Sanskrit ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
Santa Anna, Antonio L—pez de ref 1
Sarmatians ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
the draconarius ref 1, ref 2, ref 3
granted land ref 1
in the imperial army ref 1
large detachment in Britannia (c.250) ref 1
use of long lances ref 1
and the Polish aristocracy ref 1
Sarmation Alans ref 1
Saturnalia ref 1
Sawley priory, North Yorkshire ref 1
Saxons ref 1, ref 2, ref 3, ref 4, ref 5, ref 6, ref 7, ref 8, ref 9
Germanus and ref 1
Gildas’s attitude ref 1
Arthur and the Lost Kingdoms Page 29
