Citizens of London: The Americans Who Stood With Britain in Its Darkest, Finest Hour

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Citizens of London: The Americans Who Stood With Britain in Its Darkest, Finest Hour Page 53

by Lynne Olson


  “There was Winant”: Ibid., p. 152.

  “one of those great”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 474.

  “Winant gives me”: Theodore Achilles interview, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “The P.M.”: Moran, p. 152.

  “liked bounders”: Jenkins, p. 188

  “one more rich”: Ogden, p. 119

  “understood intuitively”: Soames, p. 390.

  “most charming and entertaining”: Meacham, p. 94.

  “charming, vivacious”: Janet Murrow to parents, Dec. 7, 1940, Murrow papers, Mount Holyoke.

  “very attractive”: Eleanor Roosevelt, This I Remember (New York: Harper, 1949), p. 267.

  “One feels”: Ibid.

  “when she married”: Sally Bedell Smith, Reflected Glory, p. 67.

  “total egotist”: John Pearson, The Private Lives of Winston Churchill (New York: Touchstone, 1991), p. 216.

  “In his heart”: Pamela Harriman interview with Christopher Ogden, Pamela Harriman papers, LC.

  “I am easily satisfied”: Soames, p. 103.

  “for not turning”: Mary Soames, “Father Always Came First, Second and Third,” Finest Hour, Autumn 2002.

  “never did anything”: Soames, p. 266.

  “A weekend here”: Kathleen Harriman to Mary Fisk, undated, Harriman papers, LC.

  “taking a back seat”: Kathleen Harriman to Mary Fisk, June 1941, Harriman papers, LC.

  “This sounds”: Clementine Churchill to Winant, April 2, 1941, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “Do not let”: Soames, p. 96.

  “She dropped on him”: Ibid., p. 261.

  “one of the loneliest”: Dean Dexter interview with Abbie Rollins Caverly.

  “As children”: Soames, p. 268

  “A wife first”: Pearson, p. 126

  “it took me”: Soames, p. 266.

  “a mixture of tenderness”: Ibid., p. 267.

  “an authoritarian figure”: Sarah Churchill, Keep on Dancing (New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1981), p. 67

  “Although her children”: Soames, p. 267

  “All those”: Pearson, p. 221

  “escape from”: Ibid., p. 233

  “If I really”: Sarah Churchill, A Thread in the Tapestry, pp. 31–32.

  “I walked out”: Ibid., p. 51.

  “gave a good performance”: Colville, The Fringes of Power, pp. 200–201.

  “common as dirt”: Pearson, p. 265.

  “addressed me”: Sarah Churchill, Keep on Dancing, p. 67.

  “a magical creature”: Edwina Sandys, “A Tribute to Sarah Churchill,” Daily Mail, Sept. 25, 1982.

  “More than anybody”: Lynda Lee Potter, Daily Mail, Sept. 25, 1982.

  “Sarah is a terribly”: Kathleen Harriman to Mary Fisk, July 7, 1941, Harriman papers, LC.

  “the iron curtain”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 474.

  CHAPTER 6: “MR. HARRIMAN ENJOYS MY COMPLETE CONFIDENCE”

  “This is worse”: “Winant Returns; Silent on Mission,” New York Times, May 31, 1941.

  “There is no doubt,”: Anne O’Hare McCormick, “The Usual Intermission for Peace Feelers,” New York Times, June 7, 1941, Winant papers, FDRL. “a high Washington authority”: Daily Mail, June 2, 1941, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “almost a Chinese wall”: Harriman memo to FDR, April 10, 1941, Harriman papers, LC.

  “We are advertising”: Burns, p. 119.

  “We are deceiving”: William Whitney to Harriman, Aug. 25, 1941, Harriman papers, LC.

  “The delivery of needed”: Adams, p. 226.

  “almost like a call”: Lash, Roosevelt and Churchill, p. 326

  “taken as a solemn”: Sherwood, p. 298.

  “paralyzed between”: Dean Acheson, Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department (New York: W. W. Norton, 1969), p. 3

  “straining every nerve”: Leutze, ed., p. 388.

  “Winant asked me”: Nina Davis Howland, “Ambassador John Gilbert Winant: Friend of Embattled Britain, 1941–1946,” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Maryland, 1983, p. 108.

  “We must not”: Daily Telegraph, June 19, 1941, Winant papers, FDRL. “If Munich”: Longmate, The G.I.’s, p. 12.

  “an excellent mandate”: Harriman and Abel, p. 19.

  “Laddie was not”: Nelson W. Aldrich Jr., Tommy Hitchcock: An American Hero (New York: Fleet Street, 1984), p. 208.

  “we are working”: Harriman to FDR, May 7, 1941, Harriman papers, LC.

  “interfere in anything”: Leutze, ed., p. 359.

  “Mr. Harriman enjoys”: Harriman and Abel, p. 63.

  “I don’t think”: Kathleen Harriman to Mary Fisk, June 1941, Harriman papers, LC.

  “I have made”: Ogden, p. 130.

  “I found him absolutely”: Pearson, p. 303

  “He has definitely”: Ogden, p. 131.

  “a sense of complacency”: Harriman to Churchill, July 1, 1941, Harriman papers, LC.

  “ ‘Mr. Harriman is a go-getter’ “: Howard Bird to Harriman, July 1, 1941, Harriman papers, LC.

  “the moral foes”: Olson and Cloud, p. 218.

  “probably never”: Thompson, p. 224.

  “He had firmly”: Lash, Roosevelt and Churchill, p. 391.

  “to keep those two”: Sherwood, p. 236

  “At last”: Goodwin, p. 265.

  “Does he like me”: Lash, Roosevelt and Churchill, p. 391

  “Papa completely forgot”: Meacham, p. 109.

  “dominating every”: Elliott Roosevelt, As He Saw It (New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce, 1946), p. 28.

  “easy intimacy”: Sherwood, p. 363.

  “take care of him”: Thompson, p. 238.

  “had broken the ice”: Eleanor Roosevelt, p. 226.

  “I formed”: Meacham, p. 108.

  “I would rather”: Jean Edward Smith, p. 502.

  “You’ve got to”: Elliott Roosevelt, p. 29.

  “he would look”: Lash, Roosevelt and Churchill, p. 402.

  “The President”: Gilbert, Finest Hour, p. 1177.

  “The flood is raging”: Leutze, ed., p. 383

  “I don’t know”: Sherwood, p. 373.

  “give and give”: Isaacson and Thomas, p. 212

  “suspicion that has existed”: Harriman and Abel, p. 92.

  “No one will deny”: Lord Ismay, The Memoirs of Lord Ismay (New York: Viking, 1960), p. 231.

  CHAPTER 7: “I WANT TO BE IN IT WITH YOU—FROM THE START”

  “died that England”: “All Britain Honors Independence Day,” New York Times, July 5, 1941, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “very much the golden boy”: Alex Kershaw, The Few: The American “Knights of the Air” Who Risked Everything to Fight in the Battle of Britain (New York: Da Capo, 2006), p. 60

  “I want to be”: Ibid., p. 58.

  “They were”: Capt. John R. McCrary and Capt. David Scherman, First of the Many: A Journal of Action with the Men of the Eighth Air Force (London: Robson, 1944), p. 210.

  “It was unbelievable”: Kershaw, p. 66.

  “He had no”: New York Times, July 5, 1941, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “Our homes”: Mrs. Anthony Billingham, America’s First Two Years: The Story of American Volunteers in Britain, 1939–1941 (London: John Murray, 1942), pp. 59–60.

  “might lead”: Kershaw, p. 55.

  “The Germans”: “Americans ‘Capture’ Headquarters of a British Brigade in War Games,” New York Times, July 22, 1940.

  “jeopardizing U.S. neutrality”: Watt, p. 157.

  “to play opposite”: James Saxon Childers, War Eagles: The Story of the Eagle Squadron (New York: D. Appleton–Century 1943), p. 17.

  “I felt”: Kershaw, p. 62.

  “an overwhelming fury”: James A. Goodson, Tumult in the Clouds (New York: St. Martin’s, 1993), p. 25.

  “typical Americans”: Kershaw, p. 83.

  “the war could not”: Philip D. Caine, Eagles of the RAF (Washington: National Defense University Press, 1991), p. 30.

  “T
hese people”: Kershaw, pp. 160–61

  “They were always”: Caine, p. 105.

  “It just seemed”: Ibid., p. 217.

  “Once again”: Kershaw, p. 214

  “a mad bunch”: Ibid., p. 205

  “Their exploits”: Caine, p. 148

  “Look, these people”: Kershaw, p. 216

  “They were”: Caine, p 218.

  “To fight”: Kershaw, p. 62.

  “What’s he doing?”: Caine, p. 105

  “They were saboteurs”: Kershaw, p. 204.

  “politely told him”: Watt, p. 155

  “four weeks”: Ibid.

  “Far from”: Bosley Crowther, “Eagle Squadron,” New York Times, July 3, 1942.

  “You know”: Childers, p. 15.

  “A rather scruffy-looking”: “Winant Lauds R.A.F. at Eagle Luncheon,” New York Times, Nov. 20, 1941.

  “truck drivers”: Robertson, p. 71

  “laughed and joked”: Ibid., p. 72.

  “contact with life”: Winant to Dr. Brister, July 1, 1943, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “as gallant”: Winant to unidentified recipient, Nov. 1, 1946, Winant papers, FDRL.

  CHAPTER 8: “PEARL HARBOR ATTACKED?”

  “Leaving this country”: Murrow to Winant, Nov. 10, 1941, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “I am convinced”: Murrow to Chet Williams, May 15, 1941, Murrow papers, Mount Holyoke.

  “baby the Japs along”: Adams, p. 255.

  “had done practically nothing”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 205.

  “In this looming crisis”: Burns, p. 148.

  “Nothing is more”: Lash, Roosevelt and Churchill, p. 427.

  “If some time”: Murrow to Winant, Nov. 10, 1941, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “Everywhere I go”: Sperber, p. 188.

  “Edward R. Murrow”: Paley, p. 143

  “a period”: Gunther, p. 300.

  “He walked”: Persico, Edward R. Murrow, p. 196.

  “spending most”: Murrow to Harold Laski, Dec. 6, 1941, Murrow papers, Mount Holyoke.

  “It is difficult”: R. Franklin Smith, p. 81

  “Almost every eminent”: Paley, p. 143

  “stunned by the whole”: Sperber, p. 204

  “along the banks”: Kendrick, p. 238

  “You burned”: Cloud and Olson, p. 143.

  “You … who gather”: FDR telegram to William Paley, Dec. 2, 1941, President’s Personal File, FDRL.

  “This means war”: Adams, p. 257.

  “Do you think”: Winant, A Letter from Grosvenor Square, p. 197.

  “The Japanese have”: Harriman and Abel, p. 113.

  “We shall declare”: Winant, A Letter from Grosvenor Square, p. 199

  “Mr. President”: Winston S. Churchill, The Grand Alliance, p. 538

  “exaltation”: David Reynolds, In Command of History, p. 264

  “sort of danced”: Howland, p. 149.

  “They did not wail”: Winston S. Churchill, The Grand Alliance, p. 538.

  “We still”: Seib, p. 156.

  “He was living”: Frances Perkins Oral History, Columbia University.

  “You’re not fit”: Gunther, p. 324.

  “Destroyed on the ground”: Burns, p. 165

  “the idea seemed”: Sperber, p. 207

  “What did you”: Cloud and Olson, p. 145.

  CHAPTER 9: CREATING THE ALLIANCE

  “He was like a child”: Moran, p. 10

  “The Winston I knew”: Ibid., p. 8.

  “one of the most beautiful”: Sir John Martin, Downing Street: The War Years (London: Bloomsbury, 1991), p. 69.

  “with its myriad”: Gerald Pawle, The War and Colonel Warden (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1963), p. 138

  “We’re here”: Goodwin, p. 305.

  “Olympian calm”: Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, Vol. 7, Road to Victory 1941–1945 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1986), p. 43

  “a pair”: Meacham, p. 5

  “Being with them”: Ibid.

  “was always full”: Ibid., p. 157

  “You could almost”: Moran, p. 21.

  “Sir Walter Raleigh”: Winston S. Churchill, The Grand Alliance, p. 558

  “cast off”: Sherwood, p. 437.

  “the most complete”: Dimbleby and Reynolds, p. 152.

  “The United States”: David Reynolds, The Creation of the Anglo-American Alliance, p. 11.

  “I have never”: Mark Perry, Partners in Command: George Marshall and Dwight Eisenhower in War and Peace (New York: Penguin, 2007), p. 54

  “were filled”: Brinkley, p. 91.

  “I have never”: Alex Danchev, “Very Special Relationship: Field Marshal Sir John Dill and General George Marshall,” Marshall Foundation essay, 1984.

  “I could see”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 216.

  “As is usual”: Sir Frederick Morgan, Overture to Overlord (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1950), p. 25.

  “One might think”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 275

  “We had sustained”: Sir Frederick Morgan, p. 26.

  “For Marshall”: Stanley Weintraub, 15 Stars: Eisenhower, MacArthur, Marshall: Three Generals Who Saved the American Century (New York: Free Press, 2007), p. 33

  “too much”: Perry, p. 50.

  “Not even the president”: D’Este, p. 259.

  “a big man”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 247.

  “By almost”: Arthur Bryant, The Turn of the Tide (Garden City, N.Y.: Double-day, 1957), p. 6.

  “I found”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 249

  “Rather over-filled”: Ibid., p. 246.

  “In many respects”: Ibid., p. 249

  “although he may be”: Sherwood, p. 523.

  “In my whole experience”: Calder, p. 265.

  “We seem to lose”: Gilbert, Road to Victory, p. 68.

  “the greatest disaster”: Sherwood, p. 501.

  “Defeat is one thing”: Winston S. Churchill, The Hinge of Fate (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1950), p. 383.

  “You … hear”: Mollie Panter-Downes, London War Notes, 1939–1945 (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1971), p. 205.

  “During my period”: Thompson, p. 263.

  “at a very low ebb”: Soames, p. 415.

  “the massacre”: Sherwood, p. 498.

  “The losses”: Bryant, The Turn of the Tide, p. 296.

  “Terrible”: Moran, p. 38.

  “We simply”: Nicolson, p. 196.

  “malicious delight”: Juliet Gardiner, “Overpaid, Oversexed, and Over Here”: The American GI in World War II Britain (New York: Canopy, 1992), p. 32.

  “Americans ought really”: Ibid., p. 33.

  “has caused”: Ritchie, pp. 127–28.

  “Broadly speaking”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 38.

  “The seeds”: Rick Atkinson, An Army at Dawn: The War in North Africa, 1942–1943 (New York: Henry Holt, 2002), p. 478.

  “Probably not one”: Longmate, The G.I.’s, p. 2.

  “I met so many”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 36.

  “mixture of slaves”: Longmate, The G.I.’s, p. 27.

  “Are you”: Robert S. Arbib, Here We Are Together: The Notebook of an American Soldier in Britain (London: Right Book Club, 1947), p. 79

  “I hope”: Times (London), July 22, 1941, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “wanted the people”: Wallace Carroll, Persuade or Perish (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1948), p. 134.

  “We set out”: Ibid., p. 135.

  “British newspapers”: New York Times, April 21, 1943.

  “I would like”: Janet Murrow to parents, Feb. 28, 1943, Murrow papers, Mount Holyoke.

  “a surprising new”: Joseph P. Lash, From the Diaries of Felix Frankfurter (New York: W. W. Norton, 1975), p. 159.

  “an oppressor people”: Ibid., p. 147.

  “their factual knowledge”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 34.

  “intense”: Nicolson, p. 226.

  “It would be”: Murrow to Harry Hopkins, unda
ted, Hopkins papers, FDRL. “We might understand”: R. Franklin Smith, p. 60.

  “a cram course”: Sperber, p. 190

  “Later on”: Ibid.

  “vigorous criticisms”: Ibid.

  “Frankness and honesty”: R. Franklin Smith, p. 60.

  CHAPTER 10: “AN ENGLISHMAN SPOKE IN GROSVENOR SQUARE”

  “An Englishman”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 114.

  “an air of near-frantic”: Kay Summersby Morgan, Past Forgetting: My Love Affair with Dwight D. Eisenhower (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1975), p. 45.

  “the sight”: New York Times Magazine, Nov. 1, 1942.

  “a miniature Fifth Avenue”: Mrs. Robert Henrey, The Incredible City (London: J. M. Dent & Sons, 1944), p. 39.

  “a millionaires’ club”: Daily Telegraph, July 6, 1942, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “There was not a tailor”: Henrey, The Incredible City, p. 40.

  “Gentlemen”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 95

  “There is no question”: D’Este, p. 37.

  “He feared nothing”: Ibid., p. 91.

  “Makes me feel”: Kay Summersby Morgan, p. 44.

  “Despite the fact”: Ibid., p. 36.

  “I don’t think”: Ibid.

  “After all”: Harry Butcher, My Three Years with Eisenhower (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1946), p. 6.

  “From the outset”: Ismay, p. 258.

  “was having”: Butcher, p. 6.

  “see eye to eye”: Ibid., p. 36.

  “another of”: Dwight D. Eisenhower interview, Bellush papers, FDRL.

  “was a big job”: New York Herald Tribune, July 14, 1942, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “exerted an uncanny”: Wallace Carroll, letter to Washington Post, undated, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “Every informant”: New York Herald Tribune, July 14, 1942, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “Many of us”: Acheson, p. 38.

  “to see whether”: New York Herald Tribune, July 14, 1942, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “Averell substantively”: Abramson, p. 303.

  “a moth”: William Standley, Admiral Ambassador to Russia (Chicago: Regnery 1955), p. 213.

  “Every now and then”: Abramson, p. 340.

  “I think”: Harriman interview with Elie Abel, Harriman papers, LC.

  “He’s not a good”: Kathleen Harriman to Mary Fisk, Nov. 21, 1941, Harriman papers, LC.

  “Winant was very”: Harriman interview with Elie Abel, Harriman papers, LC.

  “Roosevelt always saw”: Gunther, p. 51

 

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