Citizens of London: The Americans Who Stood With Britain in Its Darkest, Finest Hour

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Citizens of London: The Americans Who Stood With Britain in Its Darkest, Finest Hour Page 55

by Lynne Olson


  “beneath their own roof”: Abramson, p. 316.

  “He used terrible”: Sally Bedell Smith, Reflected Glory, p. 106.

  “that might do”: Pamela Harriman interview with Christopher Ogden, Pamela Harriman papers, LC.

  “Keep your affairs”: Ogden, p. 146.

  “Ave couldn’t”: Sally Bedell Smith, Reflected Glory, p. 108.

  “My son”: Pamela Churchill to FDR, July 1942, Pamela Harriman papers, LC.

  “Unless you were”: Ogden, p. 173.

  “could escape from”: Sally Bedell Smith, Reflected Glory, p. 122

  “The information”: Ibid., p. 145.

  “don’t want”: Sevareid notes, undated 1944, Sevareid papers, LC.

  “The war’s just”: William Bradford Huie, The Americanization of Emily (New York: Signet, 1959), p. 37.

  “The Air Force”: Kay Summersby Morgan, p. 33.

  “It was the mood”: Sally Bedell Smith, Reflected Glory, p. 115.

  “Well, I have”: D’Este, p. 489.

  “The war was”: Kay Summersby Morgan, p. 76.

  “We did not have”: Irving, p. 14.

  “In my life”: Pamela Harriman interview with Christopher Ogden, Pamela Harriman papers, LC.

  “would question”: Sally Bedell Smith, Reflected Glory, p. 113.

  “I think of you”: Sir Charles Portal to Pamela Churchill, undated, Pamela Harriman papers, LC.

  “A lot of people”: Pamela Harriman interview with Christopher Ogden, Pamela Harriman papers, LC.

  “follow[ed] the Rooseveltian”: Abramson, p. 345.

  “A large number”: Harriman and Abel, p. 220.

  “I am sure”: Ibid., p. 219.

  “That was a dark day”: Pamela Harriman interview with Christopher Ogden, Pamela Harriman papers, LC.

  “All through”: Ibid.

  “I cried on Ed’s shoulder”: Ibid.

  “I think she decided”: Sally Bedell Smith, Reflected Glory, p. 119

  “Ed was knocked off”: Persico, Edward R. Murrow, p. 217

  “his privacy”: “Edward R. Murrow,” Scribner’s, December 1938

  “Ed very curt”: Persico, Edward R. Murrow, p. 138.

  “They didn’t want”: Author interview with Janet Murrow.

  “I hate seeing”: Janet Murrow diary, Feb. 16, 1940, Murrow papers, Mount Holyoke.

  “Gloomy, gloomy”: Janet Murrow diary, Feb. 17, 1941, Murrow papers, Mount Holyoke.

  “a lovely, suave”: Persico, Edward R. Murrow, p. 186.

  “I long for him”: Janet Murrow diary, July 26, 1941, Murrow papers, Mount Holyoke.

  “I know they used”: Sally Bedell Smith, Reflected Glory, p. 119.

  “Ed was very much”: Pamela Harriman interview with Christopher Ogden, Pamela Harriman papers, LC.

  “Averell was everything”: Ibid.

  “ a stooge”: Harriman interview with Elie Abel, Harriman papers, LC.

  “You’re spoiled”: Pamela Harriman interview with Christopher Ogden, Pamela Harriman papers, LC.

  “He was totally different”: Ibid.

  “He loved Janet”: Sperber, p. 244.

  CHAPTER 15: “A CHASE PILOT—FIRST, LAST, AND ALWAYS”

  “in my pantheon”: Andrew Turnbull, ed., The Letters of F. Scott Fitzgerald (New York: Scribner, 1963), p. 49.

  “firing the American imagination”: “Hitchcock Killed in Crash in Britain,” New York Times, April 20, 1944.

  “There was a sort”: Sarah Ballard, “Polo Player Tommy Hitchcock Led a Life of Action from Beginning to End,” Sports Illustrated, Nov. 3, 1986.

  “Most U.S. citizens”: “Centaur,” Time, May 1, 1944

  “Sometimes he did things”: Aldrich, p. 132

  “He didn’t have”: Sports Illustrated, Nov. 3, 1986

  “There was no player”: Ibid.

  “Tommy Barban was”: F. Scott Fitzgerald, Tender Is the Night (London: Wordsworth, 1994), p. 167.

  “Polo is exciting”: New York Times, April 20, 1944

  “he was a chase”: Aldrich, p. 125.

  “How can you”: Ibid., p. 132.

  “knew more people”: Ibid., p. 266.

  “There is one thing”: Donald L. Miller, p. 5.

  “We just closed”: Ibid., p. 42.

  “the important thing”: Salisbury, p. 197

  “pawns”: Donald L. Miller, p. 106.

  “It looked”: Ibid., p. 48.

  “high-octane outfit”: Salisbury, p. 195.

  “one of the great”: Andy Rooney, My War (New York: Times Books, 1995), p. 136

  “We thought”: Donald L. Miller, p. 64.

  “You’re driving”: McCrary and Scherman, pp. 38–39

  “suicide missions”: Donald L. Miller, p. 24.

  “so large”: Ibid., p. 69.

  “grossly exaggerated”: Ibid, p. 120.

  “To fly”: Salisbury, p. 196.

  “There are apparently”: Donald L. Miller, p. 93

  “bomber bases”: Ibid., p. 127

  “With deeper”: Ibid., p. 124.

  “My personal message”: Irving, p. 72.

  “In those days”: McCrary and Scherman, pp. 227–28.

  “Since I have been”: Winant to FDR, Jan. 12, 1942, President’s Secretary’s File, FDRL.

  “the cleanest”: McCrary and Scherman, p. 228.

  “the plane the Bomber Mafia”: Donald L. Miller, p. 253

  “would produce”: Aldrich, p. 275.

  “Sired by the English”: William R. Emerson, 1962 Harmon Memorial Lecture, U.S. Air Force Academy.

  “Look, Uncle Tommy”: Aldrich, p. 278.

  “pushed the very daylights”: Theodore Achilles interview, Bellush papers, FDRL.

  “The word channels”: Aldrich, p. 278.

  “His hands”: James Parton, “Air Force Spoken Here”: General Ira Eaker and the Command of the Air (Bethesda, Md.: Adler & Adler, 1986), p. 279.

  “took on almost”: Donald L. Miller, p. 183.

  “It began to look”: Parton, p. 277

  “to find an easy way”: Ibid. p. 186.

  “the Eighth Air Force’S”: Aldrich, p. 284

  “literally wiped”: Donald L. Miller, p. 200

  “a catastrophic blow”: Ibid., p. 201.

  “the greatest concentration”: Ibid., p. 16.

  “deep sense”: Daily Express, Oct. 12, 1943, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “It was up to me”: Donald L. Miller, p. 252.

  “over Germany”: Paul A. Ludwig, Mustang: Development of the P-51 Long-Range Escort Fighter (Hersham, Surrey: Classic Publications, 2003), p. 1

  “the Air Force’s”: Donald L. Miller, p. 254

  “The story of the P-51”: Ludwig, p. 2

  “one of the most”: Donald L. Miller, p. 253.

  “regardless of cost”: Ibid., p. 265

  “God, [the crews]”: Ibid, p. 266.

  “Colonel”: Ibid., p. 279

  “Alcohol was”: Ibid.

  “The war of attrition”: Ibid., p. 276

  “The first time”: Ibid., p. 267

  “to our inability”: Ibid., pp. 291–92

  “If you see”: Ibid., p. 259.

  “Tommy Hitchcock was”: Aldrich, p. 283

  “the tenacity”: McCrary and Scherman, p. 228

  “Life in London”: Aldrich, p. 276.

  “Fighting in a Mustang”: McCrary and Scherman, p. 231.

  “The amount”: Aldrich, p. 292

  “I suddenly had”: Ibid., p. 294

  “Tommy Hitchcock had”: Ibid, p. 296.

  “has been going”: Ibid., p. 298

  “just diving”: Ibid.

  “brought to a close”: “Hitchcock Killed in Crash in Britain,” New York Times, April 20, 1944.

  “spent every minute”: Winant letter to Margaret Hitchcock, April 23, 1944, Winant papers, FDRL.

  CHAPTER 16: “CROSSING THE OCEAN DOESN’T AUTOMATICALLY MAKE YOU A HERO”

  Dear old England’s: Juliet Gardiner, “Overpaid
, Oversexed, and Over Here,” p. 339.

  “There is not”: Irving, p. 8.

  “the greatest”: Dwight D. Eisenhower, p. 49.

  “It was as if”: Mrs. Robert Henrey, The Siege of London (London: J. M. Dent & Sons, 1946), p. 45.

  “captured—lock”: Ziegler, p. 215.

  “an Englishman stood”: Ernie Pyle, Brave Men (New York: Grosset & Dun-lap, 1944), p. 316.

  “Everybody had to salute”: Ibid., p. 317

  “show proper respect”: Longmate, The G.I.’s, p. 113

  “bawdy, rowdy ant hill”: Arbib, p. 85

  “one of the most sensational”: Donald L. Miller, p. 216

  “The conviviality”: Hale and Turner, p. 152.

  “were jammed”: Donald L. Miller, p. 217

  “I think that”: Irving, p. 8.

  “the reaction”: Theodore Achilles interview, Bellush papers, FDRL.

  “Every American soldier”: Dwight D. Eisenhower, p. 57.

  “The British will”: Longmate, The G.I.’s, p. 23.

  “a remarkable personal”: Interview with Anthony Eden, Bellush papers, FDRL.

  “No one else”: Alfred D. Chandler, ed., The Papers of Dwight David Eisenhower: The War Years, Vol. 1 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1970), pp. 650–51.

  “The war”: Arbib, p. 19.

  “compensation was minimal”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 122.

  “autocratic and undemocratic methods”: Ibid., p. 126.

  “our United States allies”: Daily Express, Dec. 15, 1943, Winant papers, FDRL.

  “They hadn’t wanted”: Gardiner, “Overpaid, Oversexed, and Over Here,” p. 32.

  “for us”: Ibid.

  “as if they owned”: Margaret Mead, “A GI View of Britain,” New York Times Magazine, March 19, 1944.

  “We never saw”: Ibid., p. 54.

  “these men are fighters”: Ibid.

  “The general reaction”: Longmate, The G.I.’s, p. 96

  “I like it fine”: Hale and Turner, p. 24.

  “In they slouched”: Nicolson, p. 275.

  “if an American soldier”: Butcher, p. 14.

  “This is a wonderful”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 159.

  “bewildered, hurt”: Janet Murrow to parents, April 24, 1943, Murrow papers, Mount Holyoke.

  “The men in these”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 160

  “The British women”: Butcher, p. 34.

  “All right”: Settle, All the Brave Promises, p. 90

  “deliberately discourages”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 187 The greatest danger”: Ibid., p. 161.

  “American soldiers”: Ibid., p. 148

  “thousands of mothers”: Ibid., p. 149

  “Differences between”: Dwight D. Eisenhower, p. 59

  “the listlessness”: Max Hastings, p. 193.

  “no simple”: Roosevelt to Winant, Sept. 10, 1942, President’s Secretary’s File, FDRL.

  “They could have”: Dimbleby and Reynolds, p. 164

  “The Yanks”: Donald L. Miller, p. 138

  “Wherever you go”: Hale and Turner, p. 40

  “Some of these brothers”: Ibid.

  “In the darkness”: Ibid., p. 26.

  “wild, promiscuous”: Longmate, The G.I.’s, p. 157

  “There was a hard core”: Ibid.

  “As good”: Ibid., p. 91.

  “The arrival”: Ibid.

  “was like stepping”: Ibid., p. 242.

  “To most English people”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, 218

  “Get out”: Dimbleby and Reynolds, p. 163.

  “I have personally”: Longmate, The G.I.’s, 129.

  “discrimination as regards”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 224.

  “It was desirable”: Ibid., p. 226.

  “The American policy”: Longmate, The G.I.’s, p. 122.

  “The general consensus”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, epigraph.

  “I don’t mind”: Ibid., p. 303.

  “The opinion”: Ibid., p. 304.

  “It savoured”: Graham Smith, When Jim Crow Met John Bull: Black American Soldiers in World War II Britain (New York: St. Martin’s, 1988), p. 61.

  “For British people”: Ibid., p. 118.

  “they were in England”: Ibid.

  “The Negro British”: David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 306.

  “The colored troops”: Graham Smith, p. 102

  “abuses”: Persico, Edward R. Murrow, p. 199

  “Sure, man”: Ibid., p. 200.

  “Let’s do it!”: Ibid.

  289. “America’s polite”: Graham Smith, p. 127.

  David Reynolds, Rich Relations, p. 353

  “an increasingly kindly”: Ibid., p. 199.

  “firmness and good sense”: LaRue Brown, “John G. Winant,” Nation, Nov. 15, 1947.

  “Mr. Winant, please!”: Stars and Stripes, July 22, 1943.

  “this caring”: Bernard Bellush, “After 50 Years, a GI Heeds the Call of London,” Forward, January 2001

  “no airs”: Boston Globe, Nov. 5, 1947.

  “You hadn’t been”: Arbib, p. 141

  “ate at their”: Ibid., p. 144.

  “By 1943”: Longmate, The G.I.’s, p. 157.

  “They adopted me”: “Dick Winters’ Reflections,” www.wildbillguarnere.com.

  CHAPTER 17: “YOU WILL FIND US LINING UP WITH THE RUSSIANS”

  “IN THE LAST”: Colville, Footprints in Time, p. 141

  “Increasingly”: Dimbleby and Reynolds, p. 166

  “For many years”: Sevareid, p. 484.

  “POLITICAL REASONS”: Sherwood, p. 669.

  “Harry is sure”: Moran, p. 131.

  “glittering, impersonal”: Arthur Schlesinger Jr., “The Supreme Partnership,” Atlantic, October 1984.

  “was really incapable”: Goodwin, p. 306.

  “a gentleman”: Meacham, p. 315.

  “my whole system”: David Reynolds, In Command of History, p. 414.

  “Anything like a serious”: Gilbert, Road to Victory, p. 89.

  “real friendship”: Geoffrey Ward, Closest Companion: The Unknown Story of the Intimate Friendship Between Franklin Roosevelt and Margaret Suckley (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1995), p. 162.

  “manner was easy”: Ibid.

  “adores the President”: Ibid., p. 230.

  “Roosevelt envied”: Max Hastings, p. 5.

  “was prone to jealousy”: Meacham, p. 327

  “They had nothing”: Schlesinger, p. 575.

  “Each used”: David K. Adams, “Churchill and FDR: A Marriage of Convenience,” in van Minnen and Sears, eds., p. 32

  “We’ve got to”: Elliott Roosevelt, pp. 24–25.

  “dropped in a remark”: Kimball, Forged in War, p. 193.

  “One thing”: Kathleen Burk, Old World, New World: Great Britain and America from the Beginning (New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2008), p. 504

  “If he had been British”: Matthews, p. 245

  “not become”: Dimbleby and Reynolds, p. 158.

  “I do not want”: Clarke, p. 166.

  “Roosevelt’s picture”: Justus D. Doenecke and Mark A. Stoler, Debating Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Foreign Policies, 1933–1945 (Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 2005), p. 9.

  “British bankers”: Elliott Roosevelt, p. 24.

  “Roosevelt’s dislike”: Hitchens, p. 255.

  “it is similarly true”: Burk, p. 383.

  “friction and misunderstanding”: Howland, p. 143.

  “It must be remembered”: Clarke, p. 25

  “we should have accepted”: Ibid.

  “I am inclined”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 466

  “In newspaper”: Brinkley, p. 232.

  “I began to feel”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 535

  “inability to finish”: Olson and Cloud, p. 288.

  “I am slowly”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 459.

  “too exhausted”: Arthur Bryant, Triump
h in the West (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1959), p. 8.

  “full of disease”: Ward, p. 250.

  “I have had no information”: Winant to FDR, Sept. 24, 1943, Map Room Files, FDRL.

  “these things would”: Winant to Hopkins, Oct. 16, 1943, Hopkins Files, FDRL.

  “I know exactly”: Hopkins to Winant, Oct. 25, 1943, Hopkins Files, FDRL.

  “Large families”: Burns, p. 405.

  “talk Mr. Stalin”: Olson and Cloud, p. 292.

  “entered his nature”: Frances Perkins Oral History, Columbia University.

  “I do not think”: Charles E. Bohlen, Witness to History, 1929–1969 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1973), p. 211.

  “A deeper knowledge”: Ibid, p. 210.

  “You will find”: Moran, p. 160.

  “endeavouring to improve”: Danchev and Todman, eds., p. 485.

  “how to conduct”: Abramson, p. 367.

  “Stalin has got”: Moran, p. 163.

  “the impression”: Olson and Cloud, p. 292.

  “not only backed”: Bohlen, p. 146.

  “should have come”: Ibid.

  “always enjoyed”: Harriman and Abel, p. 191.

  “Winston is cranky”: Olson and Cloud, p. 292.

  “a basic error”: Bohlen, p. 146.

  “childish exercise”: Discussion with Winston Churchill, Coudert Institute, Palm Beach, Florida, March 28, 2008

  “immediate gains”: Olson and Cloud, p. 295

  “didn’t care”: Ibid., p. 306.

  “The United States”: Valentin Berezhkov, “Stalin and FDR,” in van Minnen and Sears, eds., p. 47.

  “cannot leave”: Moran, p. 279

  “become friends”: Olson and Cloud, p. 298

  “People who have”: Kendrick, p. 258.

  “People seem to want”: Murrow to Alfred Cohn, Dec. 29. 1943, Murrow papers, Mount Holyoke.

  “vague and ill defined”: Kimball, Forged in War, p. 242

  “fraught with danger”: Doenecke and Stoler, p. 62.

  “to postpone”: Ibid., p. 73.

  “summarily turned down”: Olson and Cloud, p. 247.

  “rather touchy”: David Reynolds, The Creation of the Anglo-American Alliance, pp. 253–54.

  “is accused”: Winant to FDR, Feb. 4, 1943, President’s Secretary’s File, FDRL.

  “acutely embarrassed”: Howland, p. 318

  “I have been worrying”: Ibid., p. 326.

  CHAPTER 18: “WOULD THE DAMN THING WORK?”

  “as full of traffic”: Arbib, p. 202.

  “mostly something”: Panter-Downs, p. 324

  “living on”: Ibid., p. 322.

 

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