51 Peter Isely quoted in Edward Walsh, “Bishops Pass Compromise on Sexual Abuse Policy.”
52 Mark Vincent Serrano, “Church unlikely to get tough with all abusive priests,” USA Today, June 3, 2002; Sam Dillon, “Catholic Religious Orders Let Abusive Priests Stay,” The New York Times, August 10, 2002, A8. See also Jason Berry, “The Shame of John Paul II: How the Sex Abuse Scandal Stained His Papacy,” The Nation, May 16, 2011.
53 Matas, “B.C. Priest Goes on Leave as Past in U.S. Revealed,” A3.
54 Egan quoted in Cernetig, “Pope Speaks Out on Abuse.”
55 Father Thomas P. Doyle and F. Ray Mouton, J.D., “The Problem of Sexual Molestation by Roman Catholic Clergy: Meeting the Problem in a Comprehensive and Responsible Manner,” June 1985.
56 When the Vatican’s embassy in Washington, DC, became concerned about the fallout from the notorious abuse of Father Gilbert Gauthe––the Louisiana prelate who ultimately pled guilty to molesting eleven boys—the Nuncio assigned Father Doyle to study that case. Doyle later told CBS’s 60 Minutes that the facts left him “bewildered” and “upset” and convinced him “something’s got to be done.” David Kohn,“The Church on Trial: Part 1, Rage in Louisiana,” 60 Minutes, June 11, 2002. For further details about Doyle, see Colleen Barry, “Former Church Insider, Now Military Chaplain, Helps Victims of Clerical Sexual Abuse,” Associated Press, International News, Ramstein, Germany, BC cycle, April 18, 2002.
57 Caroline Overington, “Hundreds Sue Vatican over Child Sex Abuse,” Sydney Morning Herald, April 6, 2002, 21. Peterson’s clinic was The St. Luke Institute, based in Silver Spring, Maryland; see http://www.sli.org.
58 Thomas P. Doyle, A. W. Richard Sipe, and Patrick J. Wall, Sex, Priests, and Secret Codes: The Catholic Church’s 2,000 Year Paper Trail of Sexual Abuse (Boulder, CO: Taylor Trade Publishing, 2006). See also Michael D’Antonio, Mortal Sins: Sex, Crime, and the Era of Catholic Scandal (New York: MacMillan/Thomas Dunne Books, 2013), Kindle edition, 233, 331, 452, 651 of 7845.
59 Berry, “The Shame of John Paul II.” For conclusions of the Doyle-Peterson Report, see Michael Powell and Lois Romano, “Roman Catholic Church Shifts Legal Strategy; Aggressive Litigation Replaces Quiet Settlements,” The Washington Post, May 13, 2002, A1.
For citations to the text quoted from the report, see Martin Edwin Andersen, “Bearing Witness on Sex Scandal Ends Whistleblowing Priest’s Career,” The Washington Times, May 21, 2002, A21; and Fintan O’Toole, “Ruination of Lives, Ruination of Church—The Catholic Church Has Not Learned from the Brendan Smyth Scandal,” The Irish Times, October 19, 2002, 50. For online citations of text from the report, see http://www.eurekaencyclopedia.com/index.php/Category:Tom_Doyle.
60 Andersen, “Bearing Witness on Sex Scandal Ends Whistleblowing Priest’s Career,” A21.
61 Cannon, “The Priest Scandal”; see also Steve Twomey, “For 3 Who Warned Church, Fears Borne Out; Priest, Journalist and Professor Who Foresaw Sex Abuse Scandal Frustrated by Bishops’ Response,” The Washington Post, June 13, 2002, A1. See also D’Antonio, Mortal Sins, 1959 of 7845.
62 Lindsey Tanner, “Panel Studying Pedophile Priests Brings Praise, Skepticism,” Associated Press, Domestic News, Chicago, March 20, 1992; Vickie Chachere, “Lawsuit Accuses Vatican, Three Dioceses of Conspiring to Protect Priests Who Molested Children,” Associated Press, International News, St. Petersburg, Florida, April 4, 2002.
63 Michael Paulson and Thomas Farragher, “Bishops Move to Bar Abusers,” The Boston Globe, June 15, 2002. See also Harold H. Martin, Untitled, United Press International, Domestic News, Philadelphia, BC cycle, November 28, 1992; Overington, “Hundreds Sue Vatican over Child Sex Abuse,” 21.
64 Alan Cooperman, “Bishops Urged to Halt Lawsuits; Abuse Victims Group Complains About Defamation Cases,” The Washington Post, August 31, 2002, A13.
65 Powell and Romano, “Roman Catholic Church Shifts Legal Strategy; Aggressive Litigation Replaces Quiet Settlements,” A1.
66 Sarah Schmidt, “Priests Launch Appeal to Vatican over Expulsions: Sexual Abuse Cases: Canadian Expert Says New U.S. Church Policy Contravenes Canon Law,” National Post (Canada), August 27, 2002, A8; Sheila H. Pierce, “Vatican Approves Policy Revisions For U.S. Church; Those Accused of Abuse to Get Hearing,” The Washington Post, December 17, 2002, A3.
67 D’Antonio, Mortal Sins, 779 of 7845.
68 Transcript, “Palm Beach Bishop Resigns over Sexual Misconduct,” American Morning with Paula Zahn, CNN, March 12, 2002.
69 “Cardinal’s Compromise Comes Up Short,” The Globe and Mail (Canada).
70 Author interview with a former consultant to the IOR, identity withheld at his request, in Rome, September 30, 2013.
71 Overington, “Hundreds Sue Vatican over Child Sex Abuse.”
72 Paulson, “World Doesn’t Share US View of Scandal.”
73 Berry, Render Unto Rome, 59.
74 Ibid., 80–81; 97. See also Nicholas P. Cafardi, “The Availability of Parish Assets for Diocesan Debts: A Canonical Analysis,” Seton Hall Legislative Journal 29, no. 2 (2005): 361, available online at: http://works.bepress.com/nicholas_cafardi/2.
75 Gregory Viscusi, “Balancing the Vatican Budget: ‘The Market Giveth and the Market Taketh Away,’ ” The Calgary Herald, April 10, 2005, E7.
76 “The Catholic Sex Crisis: Money,” http://members.shaw.ca/eye-openers/Catholicsexcrisis.htm. (See also “Coverage and Liability Issues in Sexual Misconduct Claims,” American Re Insurance Company, Edition 4, 2005; Jerold Oshinksy, Gheiza M. Dias, “Liability of Not-for-Profit Organizations and Insurance Coverage for Related Liability,” The International Journal of Not-For-Profit Law 4, nos. 2, 3, March 2002. As reported in the John Jay College Report on Sexual Abuse from 1950–2002, during fifty-two years of settlements, $205 million of $475 million paid by dioceses was covered by insurance. The amount covered dropped sharply over time.
77 Dan Gilgoff, “The Archdiocese Agrees to a Record $85 Million. Will Others Follow?,” U.S. News & World Report, September 22, 2003.
78 Jack Sullivan and Eric Convey, “Land Rich: Archdiocese Owns Millions in Unused Property,” The Boston Herald, August 27, 2002, A1.
79 See Berry, Render Unto Rome, 80–86.
80 Portland filed on 7/6/04; Tucson on 9/20/04; Spokane on 12/6/04; Davenport, Iowa, on 10/10/06; San Diego on 2/27/07; Fairbanks, Arkansas, on 3/1/08; the Oregon province of the Jesuits on 2/17/09; Wilmington, Delaware, and Maryland on 10/18/09; Milwaukee on 1/4/11; the Congregation of the Christian Brothers on 4/28/11; Gallup, New Mexico, on 11/12/13; Stockton, California, on 1/15/14; Helena, Montana, on 1/31/14; and St. Paul-Minneapolis, on 1/16/15. See generally “Bankruptcy Protection in the Abuse Crisis,” at http://www.bishop-accountability.org/bankruptcy.htm. Also see Berry, Render Unto Rome, 40–41.
81 See “Sexual Abuse by U.S. Catholic Clergy; Settlements and Monetary Awards in 97–98, Civil Suits,” http://www.bishop-accountability.org/settlements/. In 2012, John Allen Jr. in “Vatican Abuse Summit: $2.2 Billion and 100,000 Victims in U.S. Alone,” National Catholic Reporter, February 8, 2012, estimated the payout total at least at $2.2 billion.
The major civil court settlements in the U.S. are: The Dallas diocese in 1998 paid $30.9 million to twelve victims abused by a single priest. In 2003, the Louisville, Kentucky, diocese settled 240 pending lawsuits for $25.7 million. That same year, the archdiocese of Boston paid $85 million to reach an out-of-court settlement with 552 victims. The following year, 2004, the diocese in Orange County, California, settled nearly 90 cases for $100 million. In 2007, the Portland, Oregon, diocese paid $75 million to 177 victims, while the Seattle diocese reached a $48 million settlement with 160 victims. That same year, the Los Angeles diocese paid a stunning $660 million to more than 500 abuse victims (the previous December it settled another 45 lawsuits for $60 million). And also in 2007, the San Diego diocese paid $198.1 million to 144 victims.
In 2008 it was Denver’s turn, a relatively small $5.5 million to 18 victims.
; For the full effect of parish closures, special assessments, and the impact of clergy pension and retirement funds, see Berry, Render Unto Rome.
82 Berry, Render Unto Rome, 105–8.
83 Jason Berry, “Cardinal’s Profit Mission and an FBI Investigation into Sale of Church Property,” Irish Times, January 17, 2012; Jose Martinez, “Star’s Ex in Vatican Con Plot: High-Living Longtime Hathaway Beau Gets 21M Bail in Money-Launder Rap,” New York Daily News, June 25, 2008, 4; Thomas Zambito and Corky Siemaszko, “Off to Jail for Hathaway’s Ex in Vatican Scam,” New York Daily News, September 11, 2008, 3; Corinne Lestch, “Arrivederci to Anne’s Ex!,” New York Daily News, May 26, 2012, 15. As for Sodano, see also Berry, Render Unto Rome, 120–24, 126–32.
84 Joseph A. Rohner IV, “Catholic Diocese Sexual Abuse Suits, Bankruptcy, and Property of the Bankruptcy Estate: Is the ‘Pot of Gold’ Really Empty?” Oregon Law Review, Vol. 84, 2005, 1203-4; see also Berry, Render Unto Rome, 112.
85 Affidavit of Nicolas P. Cafardi, U.S. Bankruptcy Court, Eastern District of Washington, case no. 04–08822, The Catholic Bishop of Spokane Debtor, Committee of Tort Litigants v. Catholic Bishop of Spokane et al., May 27, 2005, 16, cited in Berry, Render Unto Rome, 112, n. 48.
86 The document had surfaced in 2003. It addressed only internal church trials and did not tackle the broader question of whether civil authorities should be notified. See generally transcript of “Abuse Victims Seek Court Date with Vatican,” National Public Radio, with hosts Linda Wertheimer and Renee Montagne, December 22, 2008. Riazat Butt, “Vatican to Be Sued over Sex Abuse Claims,” The Guardian, December 15, 2008, 23.
87 As for the Sodano-Rice meeting, see 11-25-05 WikiLeaks Vatican Unhappy with Lawsuits Cable, 05VATICAN538_a; https://www.wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/05VATICAN538_a.html.
88 Ibid, WikiLeaks. Also, “Vatican’s Global Importance Evident In Leaked Cables,” EWTN, Catholic News Agency, December 14, 2010. “Pope Wants Exemption from U.S. Law,” Vermont Guardian (Texas), May 31, 2005.
89 Ibid, “Vatican’s Global Importance Evident In Leaked Cables,” EWTN; See 01-08-02 WikiLeaks, “Vatican PM Wants His Money Cable, See also Berry, Render Unto Rome, 119-20. 02VATICAN83_a; https://www.wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/02VATICAN83_a.html.
90 John L. Allen Jr., “Vatican Ask Condoleezza Rice to Help Stop a Sex Abuse Lawsuit,” National Catholic Reporter, March 2, 2005.
91 Karen Terry et al., The Nature and Scope of Sexual Abuse of Minors by Catholic Priests and Deacons in the United States, 1950–2002, prepared by the John Jay College of Criminal Justice for the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (Washington, DC: U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, 2004) (hereinafter The John Jay College Report on Sexual Abuse). Two years later a Supplementary Report was published. Karen Terry, et al., The Nature and Scope of Sexual Abuse of Minors by Catholic Priests and Deacons in the United States: Supplementary Data Analysis (March 2006). And again Karen Terry et al., The Causes and Context of Sexual Abuse of Minors by Catholic Priests in the United States, 1950–2010, May 18, 2011. The 2011 report focused on the “causes and context of abuse.”
92 The John Jay College Report on Sexual Abuse, 2, 5. One hundred and ninety-five dioceses and eparchies participated in the study and 140 religious communities submitted answers to confidential surveys sent by John Jay College. The study’s authors used a statistical analysis to extrapolate the findings to all dioceses in the U.S. As for the authors’ methodology, see The John Jay College Report on Sexual Abuse, 13-25.
93 The John Jay College Report on Sexual Abuse, 26.
94 “The percentages of accused priests range from a maximum of almost 10% in 1970, decreasing to 8% in 1980 and to fewer than 4% in 1990.” Ibid., 26.
95 The serial molesters accounted for nearly a quarter of the assaults. Ibid., 35, 40, 52.
96 Ibid., 47–50, 62.
97 Emphasis added. Ibid., 39, 57.
98 Ibid., 40–43, 45, 47.
99 Ibid., 48, 100.
100 Ibid., 105–20.
101 Tony Kennedy, “Archdiocese Led Lobby to Stop Abuse Law Change,” Star-Tribune (Minneapolis), November 5, 2013.
102 Berry, “The Shame of John Paul II.”
103 Richard McBrien, “The Beatification of John Paul II,” National Catholic Reporter, February 7, 2011.
104 Ibid. The definitive account of Maciel, his excesses and abuses, and the church’s failure to take any action against him for years, is in Jason Berry’s Render Unto Rome. Berry, and The Washington Post’s religion editor, Gerald Renner, exposed charges of sex abuse against Maciel in a February 23, 1997, Hartford Courant article. They cited nine seminarians who described multiple instances of abuse. As related by Berry and Renner, Maciel was a morphine addict because of chronic pain. When he kicked his addiction, he told the seminarians that Pius XII had personally given him permission to engage in sex to offset his pain. Maciel’s defenders were merciless in attacking Berry and Renner and in defending the bishop. The Pope showed his support by appointing Maciel to a key theological panel in Rome.
105 Berry, “The Shame of John Paul II.”
106 When he directed the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Ratzinger had stopped the probe at the urging of Sodano. “But Ratzinger could not have tabled a case as grave as Maciel’s without the approval of John Paul,” wrote Jason Berry in Render Unto Rome, 186. See also Obituary, The Rev. Marcial Maciel, The Guardian, April 28, 2008.
107 Gianluigi Nuzzi, Sua santità, le carte segrete di Benedetto XVI (Milan: Chiarelettere, 2012), 196–99, 295; Nuzzi reproduced some confidential Vatican documents in his book. One of them, an October 19, 2011, handwritten note from Benedict’s private secretary, Monsignor Gänswein, summarized his meeting with Moreno in which Maciel’s abuse was addressed. See also Jason Berry, “The Legion of Christ and the Vatican Meltdown,” National Catholic Reporter, June 21, 2012.
108 Hugh O’Shaughnessy, “Pope Throws the Book at Wealthy Catholic Legion,” Sunday Tribune (Ireland), August 8, 2010, N16.
109 See generally Doyle and Rubino, “Catholic Clergy Sexual Abuse Meets the Civil Law.”
Chapter 32: “His Inbox Was a Disaster”
1 “Jean Pull II souffirait de la maladie de Parkinson,” Le Monde, September 10, 1996, 3.
2 “Recovering Pope Keeps Trembling Hand Hidden,” Hobart Mercury (Australia), October 15, 1996.
3 Freddy Gray, “Pope’s Health Prompts Betting Frenzy: Channel 4,” Catholic Herald, January 16, 2004, 3; the bookmakers were Betfair and Paddy Power.
4 Weigel, Witness to Hope, 782–83.
5 Murray was an Australian religious affairs editor. “A Retiring John Paul Is Hard to Imagine,” The Australian, January 12, 2000, 11.
6 David J. Lynch, “Rumor of Papal Retirement Drifts About Rome,” USA Today, January 25, 2000, 10A.
7 Author interview with Michael Hornblow, January 28, 2014. “ ‘John Paul was just a terrible administrator,’ ”a friend of the Pope told author Paul Elie. “Even at his physical peak he had always been indifferent to the operations of the Vatican bureaucracy; now he was barely capable of keeping track of them,” concluded Elie. See also Paul Elie, “The Year of Two Popes,” The Atlantic, January 1, 2006.
8 Philip Willan, “Mafia Caught Attempting Online Bank Fraud,” Network World, October 9, 2000; “Vatican Bank Involved in Mafia’s On-Line Washing Money,” Xinhua General News Service, Rome, October 3, 2000.
9 John Walker, “Money Laundering: Quantifying International Patterns,” Australian Social Monitor 2, no. 6 (February 2000).
10 Ibid., 142. Because of the amount of money laundered through their banks, both the U.S. and the U.K. also made the list.
11 “Legislative and Economic Factors Determining International Flow of Laundered Money,” John Walker Crime Trends Analysis, attached paper to the United Nations 10th Congress on Economic and Social Issues, Vienna, Summer 2000, table 1.
12 Michael Becket, “Gangster’s Paradise Across the Atlantic,” The Daily Telegraph, November 19,
2001, 31; Emil Alperin v. Istituto per le Opere di Religione, U.S. District Court, San Francisco, November 1999. See also online summary at http://www.vaticanbankclaims.com/vatpr.html.
13 Email from John Walker to author, January 15, 2014. Walker drew this conclusion while admitting that much of the data needed for a more precise calculation is simply “not available for the Vatican.”
14 Phillip Smith, “Latin America: Mexican Catholic Church in Narco-Dollar Embarrassment,” Drug War Chronicles 531, April 11, 2008; Jo Tuckman, “Pope’s Visit to Mexico Refocuses Attention on Narco-Church Relations,” The Guardian, March 22, 2012; Leonor Flores, “Narcolimosnas: “Que partidos e Iglesia reporten operaciones,”El Economista, February 24, 2011; “Iglesia reconoce recibir limosnas de narcos,” El Economista, October 31, 2010.
15 See George Dale, Commissioner of Insurance for the State of Mississippi et al. v. Emilio Colagiovanni and The Holy See et al., United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi, Jackson Division (Case No. 3:01CV663BN).
16 Simon Fluendy, “Vatican Bank Is Sued in US over Charity Scandal,” Mail on Sunday (UK), August 11, 2002, 6.
17 Ibid.; see also Lynne Touhy, “Frankel Associate Gets Probation, $10,000 fine,” Hartford Courant, May 25, 2005, A18.
18 Alexander Walker, “Banned: The Film God’s Bankers Don’t Want You to See,” The Evening Standard (London), April 4, 2002, 35.
19 Jim McBeth, “Who Killed God’s Banker?,” The Scotsman, October 2, 2002, 2; “Top Banker ‘Murder by the Mafia,’ ” The Mirror (UK), July 24, 2003, 14.
20 Simon Edge, “Leader Italian Police Have Concluded After 21 Years That ‘God’s Banker’ Was Murdered; Who Killed Roberto Calvi . . . The Masons, Mafia or Vatican?,” The Express (UK), July 25, 2003, 13. For a straightforward review of the developing police and forensics examinations, see James Moore and Bruce Johnston, “Murder Squad Revisit Roberto Calvi,” The Daily Telegraph (London), October 4, 2003, 36.
21 Author review of LexisNexis search results for “Vatican Bank” in all English language news sources from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2005; 59 of 111 stories were primarily about Calvi.
God's Bankers: A History of Money and Power at the Vatican Page 106
