CHAPTER 9: RAINFOREST RICHES
1. “President Bill Clinton and Philanthropists Frank Giustra and Carlos Slim Launch Fondo Acceso SAS, a USD $20 Million Fund for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Colombia,” press release, Clinton Foundation, June 9, 2010, https://www.clintonfoundation.org/main/news-and-media/press-releases-and-statements/press-release-president-bill-clinton-and-philanthropists-frank-giustra-and-carlo.html.
2. Clinton, Hillary Rodham, Hard Choices (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2014), 253.
3. Uribe Velez, Alvaro, No Lost Causes (New York: Celebra, 2012), 179.
4. “Hillary Clinton Voices Ongoing US Support for Colombia,” BBC News, June 10, 2010, http://www.bbc.com/news/10282709.
5. “U.S. Senators Seek Changes to Plan Colombia: US-Colombia,” Latin American Herald Tribune (Caracas), EFE News Service (Madrid), January 27, 2010, http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=351189&CategoryId=12393.
6. Romero, Simon, “Colombia Extradites 14 Paramilitary Leaders,” New York Times, May 14, 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/14/world/americas/14colombia.html?pagewanted=print&_r=0.
7. Brody, Daniel, “Uribe meets with Bill Clinton,” Colombiareports, June 10, 2010. Begg, Kristen, “Clinton to Meet Uribe, Santos, and Mockus,” Colombiareports, June 8, 2010, http://colombiareports.co/clinton-to-meet-with-uribe-santos-and-mockus/.
8. “Clintons Stand Up for Colombia,” Investor’s Business Daily, June 14, 2010, http://news.investors.com/ibd-editorials/061110-537128-clintons-stand-up-for-colombia.htm?ntt=free.
9. “Prima Colombia Hardwood Inc. Completes Acquisition of REM Forest Products Inc, and Closing of $5,500,000, Financing” Canada Newswire, Digital Journal, September 22, 2010, http://www.newswire.ca/en/story/612439/prima-colombia-hardwood-inc-completes-acquisition-of-rem-forest-products-inc-and-closing-of-5-500-000-financing.
10. “Prima Colombia Hardwood Inc. Completes Acquisition of Rem Forest Products Inc. and Closing of $5,500,000 Financing,” Newswire, September 22, 2010, http://www.newswire.ca/en/story/612439/prima-colombia-hardwood-inc-completes-acquisition-of-rem-forest-products-inc-and-closing-of-5-500-000-financing.
11. Jimenez, Carlos, “Frank Giustra,” ElPais.com.co, January 20, 2012, http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/opinion/columna/carlos-jimenez/frank-giustra.
12. Pacific Rubiales Energy, “Pacific Rubiales Energy Awarded Six Blocks in the ‘2010 ANH Round’ Bidding Process,” press release, June 23, 2010, http://www.pacificrubiales.com/2010/153-23062010.
13. Quoted in Forero, Juan, “Venezuelan Oilmen Pushed Out by Hugo Chavez Find Opportunities in Colombia,” Washington Post, September 12, 2011, http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/americas/venezuelan-oilmen-find-opportunities-in-colombia/2011/09/12/gIQAiOcjTK_story.html.
14. Pacific Rubiales Energy, “Where Talent and Knowledge Meet Opportunity,” investor presentation, December 2010, http://www.pacificrubiales.com/archivos/investor/CEOs_Investors_presentation_Canaccord_Conference_Dec_2010.pdf.
15. Humphreys, Tommy, “Los Minerales Hermanos: How Two Friends Made a Fortune in Colombia and Expect to Do It Again,” CEO.ca, April 2, 2013, http://ceo.ca/2013/04/02/colombia-giustra-iacono/.
16. Clinton Foundation, “Press Release: Projects of the Clinton Giustra Sustainable Growth Initiative,” March 1, 2008, https://www.clintonfoundation.org/main/news-and-media/press-releases-and-statements/press-release-projects-of-the-clinton-giustra-sustainable-growth-initiative.html.
17. Pacific Rubiales Energy, “Petro Rubiales Energy and Underwriters Contributing $4.4 Million to Clinton Giustra Sustainable Growth Initiative,” press release, July 24, 2007, http://www.pacificrubiales.com/2007/35-24072007.
18. “El primer día de la Acción Humanitaria y Laboral a Puerto Gaitán es una aclaración, de que la USO no ha firmado ningun acuerdo con,” USOPAZ, October 11, 2011, http://www.pasc.ca/en/action/updates-conflict-canadian-oil-company-pacific-rubiales#sdendnote8sym.
19. Petroamerica Oil Corp., “Petroamerica Receives Key Colombian Approval,” press release, June 21, 2010, http://www.petroamericaoilcorp.com/main/index.php?id=newsroom_read&news=33.
20. Humphreys, Tommy, and Tekoa da Silva, “Energy Heavyweights Engineering a Turnaround?” CEO.CA, Augusst 20, 2012, http://ceo.ca/2012/08/20/pta/.
21. Estimates from Petroamerica executive Robert Gillcrest were that the land it could now drill on boasted between “[t]wo to twenty million barrels maximum” of oil.
22. US Department of State, Embassy in Bogotá, “Colombia: Energy Sector to Expand with Exim Financing,” WikiLeaks, November 18, 2009, https://cablegatesearch.wikileaks.org/cable.php?id=09BOGOTA3415&q=clint.
23. The secretary of state has the power to review, approve, deny, or delay ExIm financing to any country, entity, or person, http://www.exim.gov/about/whoweare/charterbylaws/upload/Updated_2012_EXIM_Charter_August_2012_Final.pdf.
24. “EXMAR, IFC Sign Floating Liquefaction Unit Financing Deal,” LNG World News, December 6, 2012, http://www.lngworldnews.com/exmar-ifc-sign-floating-liquefaction-unit-financing-deal-belgium/.
25. Endeavour Mining, “Endeavour’s Growth Plan,” October 2010, http://www.endeavourmining.com/i/pdf/Presentations/Investor-20101001.pdf.
26. “Merchant Banking, Endeavour Financial Corporation,” BMO Global Resource Conference, February 2009, http://www.endeavourmining.com/i/flashpaper/EDV_Investor_Presentation_BMO_Feb_09.swf.
27. Baja Mining, quarterly report, first quarter 2011, http://www.bajamining.com/content/pdfs/financials/BAJ_Q12011_MDA.pdf.
28. US Export-Import Bank, “Semi-Annual Report to Congress, April 1–September 30, 2013,” 30, 31, http://www.exim.gov/oig/upload/OIG_Report_FA13_508.pdf.
29. Humphreys, “Los Minerales Hermanos.”
30. Isaacson, Adam, “Colombia: Don’t Call It a Model,” Washington Office of Latin America, July 13, 2010, http://www.wola.org/publications/colombia_dont_call_it_a_model.
31. Good, Chris, “Republicans Support Obama’s Trade Agenda. Do Democrats?” The Atlantic, September 17, 2011, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2011/09/republicans-support-obamas-trade-agenda-do-democrats/245248/. “Carnation Revolution: A Long-awaited Pact Comes into Force,” The Economist, May 19, 2012, http://www.economist.com/node/21555592.
32. According to Maria Consuelo Araujo, “President Alvaro Uribe said the country can not continue living preferences. On TLC there is concern because some American analysts believe that the current Congress would not give its approval to the agreement.” Araujo, “Uribe, tras prórroga de ayuda comercial,” El Pais (Bogotá), September 1, 2014, http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=http://historico.elpais.com.co/paisonline/notas/Noviembre142006/aptdea.html&prev=/search%3Fq%3D%2522hillary%2BClinton%2522%2Band%2B%2522uribe%2522%26biw%3D1216%26bih%3D706%26tbs%3Dcdr:1,cd_min:1/1/2004,cd_max:12/31/2006.
33. Smith, Elliot Blair, “Clinton Used Giustra’s Plane, Opened Doors for Deals,” Bloomberg.com, February 22, 2008, http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aa2b8Mj3NEWQ.
34. Stein, Sam, “Bill Clinton’s Ties to Colombia Trade Deal Stronger than Even Penn’s,” Huffington Post, May 25, 2011, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/04/08/bill-clintons-ties-to-col_n_95651.html.
35. Emshwiller, John, and Jose De Cordoba, “Bill Clinton’s Complex Charities,” Wall Street Journal, February 14, 2008, http://online.wsj.com/articles/SB120296323202367961.
36. Ibid.
37. “Plan Colombia—the Sequel,” The Economist August 21, 2003, http://www.economist.com/node/2009304. Carter, Zach, “Trade Deals Face Growing House Opposition amid Continued Violence in Colombia,” video, Huffington Post, August 11, 2011, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/11/house-opposition-to-trade_n_924418.html.
38. Fenwarth, Andres Espinosa, “Opinion—Colombia atenta a posicion de Hillary Clinton sobre TLC,” Noticias Financieras, November 14, 2007.
39. “Colombia to Honor Clinton for His Efforts to Help Country’s Image,” Arkansas Online, May 24, 2007, http://www.arkansasonline.com/news/2007/ma
y/24/colombia-honor-clinton-his-efforts-help-countrys-i/?print.
40. Isikoff, Michael, and Mark Hosenball, “It’s So Nice to Be Here,” Newsweek, April 21, 2008, http://www.newsweek.com/its-so-nice-be-here-85467.
41. Ibid.
42. Davis, Susan, “Clinton Aide Met on Trade Deal; Penn Held Talks on Colombia Pact Opposed by Senator,” Wall Street Journal, April 4, 2008. Kirchgaessner, Stephanie, “Colombia Sacks PR Firm Led by Clinton Strategist,” Financial Times, April 7, 2008, http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/d2be41d8-043a-11dd-b28b-000077b07658.html#axzz3Dmm4umKz.
43. Kirchgaessner, “Colombia Sacks PR Firm Led by Clinton Strategist.”
44. Javers, Eamon, “HRC Colombia ties don’t stop with Penn,” April 7, 2008, http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0408/9433.html.
45. “Clinton Reiterates Opposition to Colombia Trade Pact,” Los Angeles Times, April 9, 2008, http://articles.latimes.com/2008/apr/09/nation/na-penn9.
46. “Uribe Criticizes Obama over Free Trade Pact,” Colombia Reports, April 3, 2008, http://colombiareports.co/uribe-criticizes-obama-over-free-trade-pact/.
47. “Colombia Business Forecast Report,” Business Monitor International, 2nd Quarter 2008 Report.
48. “U.S. Secretary of State Willing to Work with Colombia on Trade Deal—Official,” BBC Monitoring Americas, February 26, 2009.
49. Muscara, Aprille, “U.S.: Spate of Trade Deals Move toward Passage,” Global Information Network, January 28, 2011, http://www.ipsnews.net/2011/01/us-spate-of-trade-deals-move-toward-passage/.
50. “Secretary Clinton’s Remarks to the Press at the Release of the 2010 Human Rights Reports,” Humanrights.gov, April 8, 2011.
51. US Department of State, “2010 Colombia Human Rights Report,” http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/160452.pdf.
52. Dougherty, Jill, “Hillary Clinton Tells U.S. Businesses ‘We Need to Up Our Game,’ Abroad,” CNN.com, July 12, 2011, http://www.cnn.com/2011/US/07/12/clinton.business.abroad/.
53. AFL-CIO, “Colombia,” http://www.aflcio.org/Issues/Trade/Colombia/Colombia.
54. Jimenez, Carlos, “Frank Giustra,” ElPais.com.co, January 20, 2012, http://www.elpais.com.co/elpais/opinion/columna/carlos-jimenez/frank-giustra.
55. Press Office of Senator Jorge Enrique Robledo (Colombia), “Rather than Just Leaving Zamora ANH,” September 13, 2011, moir.org.co/Mas-que-justa-la-salida-de-Zamora.html.
56. “Letter from Senator Jorge Enrique Robledo, Bogotá, August 23, 2011, to Ronald Pantin, President of Pacific Rubiales Energy, Bogotá,” http://www.pasc.ca/fr/node/3390.
57. “Canadian Billionaire Frank Giustra May Not Harvest Timber in Choco,” August 24, 2012, http://vox-populi.com.co/billonario-canadiense-frank-giustra-no-podra-extraer-madera-en-el-choco/.
CHAPTER 10: DISASTER CAPITALISM CLINTON-STYLE
1. Haberman, Maggie, “50 Politicos to Watch: Cheryl Mills,” Politico, July 19, 2013, http://www.politico.com/story/2013/07/50-politicos-to-watch-cheryl-mills-94182.html.
2. US Government Accountability Office, “Haiti Reconstruction U.S. Efforts Have Begun, Expanded Oversight Still to Be Implemented,” report, May 2011, http://www.gao.gov/assets/320/318629.pdf.
3. “Bill Clinton’s New Plan to Fix Haiti,” Esquire, August 7, 2010, http://www.esquire.com/blogs/politics/bill-clinton-haiti-news-070810.
4. US Department of State, “Fast Fact on U.S. Government’s Work in Haiti: Interim Haiti Recovery Commission,” fact sheet, January 8, 2011, http://www.state.gov/p/wha/rls/fs/2011/154141.htm; http://www.gao.gov/assets/320/318629.pdf.
5. US Government Accountability Office, “Haiti Reconstruction U.S. Efforts Have Begun.”
6. US Government Accountability Office, “Haiti Reconstruction: USAID Infrastructure Projects Have Had Mixed Results,” June 2013, http://www.gao.gov/assets/660/655278.pdf.
7. World Bank, “Indonesia: A Reconstruction Chapter Ends Eight Years after the Tsunami,” December 26, 2012, http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2012/12/26/indonesia-reconstruction-chapter-ends-eight-years-after-the-tsunami.
8. US Government Accountability Office, “Haiti Reconstruction: U.S. Efforts Have Begun.”
9. Sontag, Deborah, “Rebuilding in Haiti Lags after Billions in Post-Quake Aid,” New York Times, December 23, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/24/world/americas/in-aiding-quake-battered-haiti-lofty-hopes-and-hard-truths.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0.
10. Herz, Ansel, and Kim Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti: The Post-Quake ‘Gold Rush’ for Reconstruction Contracts,” The Nation, June 15, 2011, http://www.thenation.com/article/161469/wikileaks-haiti-post-quake-gold-rush-reconstruction-contracts.
11. Clary, Mike, “Broward Rivals Battle for Work in Post-quake Haiti,” Sun Sentinel (Florida), July 14, 2010, http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2010-07-14/news/fl-haiti-recovery-rivals-20100714_1_ashbritt-post-earthquake-haiti-debris.
12. Echeverria, Lily, “Contractors Bet on Work in Helping Haiti Recover,” The Ledger (Lakeland, FL), May 26, 2010, http://www.theledger.com/article/20100526/NEWS/5265081.
13. Iuspa-Abbott, Paola, “Developer Takes Fact-finding Mission to Haiti,” Daily Business Review, March 4, 2010, http://www.dailybusinessreview.com/id=1202466755176/Developer-takes-factfinding-mission-to-Haiti?slreturn=20141003155631.
14. O’Grady, Mary Anastasia, “Clinton for Haiti Czar?” Wall Street Journal, January 24, 2010, http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704509704575019070435720154.
15. Herz and Ives, “WikiLeaks Haiti.”
16. Boyer, Peter J., “General Clark’s Battles,” New Yorker, November 17, 2003, http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2003/11/17/general-clarks-battles.
17. Haberman, Maggie, “Wes Clark Also ‘Ready for Hillary’ Clinton,” Politico, June 23, 2013, http://www.politico.com/story/2013/06/wes-clark-ready-for-hillary-clinton-93194.html.
18. US Department of State, Embassy in Port-au-Prince, “Earthquake Sitrep as of 1800,” Wikileaks, February 1, 2010, https://wikileaks.org/cable/2010/02/10POR-TAUPRINCE110.html.
19. Viglucci, Andres, “Low Cost Cabins Offered for Post-Haiti Earthquake Housing,” Miami Herald, February 25, 2010. Brinkmann, Paul, “Claudio Osorio Target in $220M Swiss Probe,” South Florida Business Journal, January 27, 2011, http://www.bizjournals. com/southflorida/news/2011/01/27/claudio-osorio-target-of-swiss-probe.html?page=all.
20. US Overseas Private Investment Corporation, “Non-confidential Information Summary for the Public,” InnoVida Holdings LLC, n.d., http://www.opic.gov/sites/default/files/docs/innovida_haiti_smef.pdf.
21. Gray, Kevin, “Claudio Osorio Arrested on Fraud Charges over Innovida Haiti Housing Scam,” video, Huffington Post, December 7, 2012, http://www.huffingtonpost. com/2012/12/07/claudio-osorio-fraud-charges-jeb-bush-innovida_n_2262717.html.
22. Chiarella, Tom, “While Most of the World Has Stopped Paying Attention to Haiti, Bill Clinton Is the De Facto Leader of the Effort to Rebuild the Country,” Esquire, July 19, 2010, http://www.esquire.com/features/impossible/bill-clinton-haiti-relief-0810-7.
23. Charles, Jacqueline, “Bill Clinton to take on key Haiti reconstruction role,” Miami Herald, March 30, 2010, http://sbrewsterw.typepad.com/thebrewstereport/2010/03/the-miami-herald-bill-clinton-to-take-on-key-haiti-reconstruction-role.html.
24. Pierre-Pierre, Garry, “Our Man in Haiti: Bill Clinton,” America’s Quarterly, Fall 2009, http://www.americasquarterly.org/garry-pierre-pierre-haiti.
25. Hujer, Marc, “A Stubborn Savior: Is Bill Clinton Haiti’s Hope for Salvation?” Spiegel, January 10, 2012, http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/a-stubborn-savior-is-bill-clinton-haiti-s-hope-for-salvation-a-807377.html.
26. Archibold, Randal C., “Haiti’s Prime Minister Quits after 4 Months,” New York Times, February 25, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/25/world/americas/garry-conille-resigns-as-haitis-prime-minister.html.
27. “Haiti Economy: Bill Clinton’s Role in Economic Policy Increases,” Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) Newswire, November 15, 2011, http://country.eiu.com/article.aspx
?ar ticleid=978596082&Country=Haiti&topic=Economy&subtopic=Current+policy&sub subtopic=Economic+policy:+Bill+Clinton%27s+role+in+economic+policy+increases.
28. Johnston, Jake, “Outsourcing Haiti,” Boston Review, January 16, 2014, http://www.bos tonreview.net/world/jake-johnston-haiti-earthquake-aid-caracol.
29. Ibid.
30. Valbrun, Marjorie, “Haitian Firms Few and Far between on Reconstruction Rosters,” Center for Public Integrity, January 11, 2012, http://www.publicintegrity. org/2012/01/11/7846/haitian-firms-few-and-far-between-reconstruction-rosters.
31. Uttley, Jimmy, “An Eventful Time for Haiti: Did Anyone Notice?” Haiti Observateur, May 27, 2009.
32. Marcus, Ruth, “Reelection Team Repeatedly Asked President’s Aid,” Washington Post, September 22, 1997, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/campfin/stories/cf092297.htm.
33. Byron, Christopher, “Pols’ Haiti Hook-up,” New York Post, March 2, 2005, http://www. haitipolicy.org/content/2882.htm?PHPSESSID=.
34. O’Grady, Mary Anastasia, “Democrats for Despotism,” Wall Street Journal, October 27, 2008, http://online.wsj.com/articles/SB122506507943370505.
35. Ibid.
36. Heinrich, Erik, “Haiti’s Mobile Redemption,” Fortune, August 15, 2013, http://fortune. com/2013/08/15/haitis-mobile-redemption/.
37. Ibid.
38. Jackson, Steven, “Digicel Operating Profit Hits Record US$1B,” The Gleaner (Jamaica), June 6, 2012, http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20120606/business/busi ness5.html.
39. Bramhill, Nick, “Bill Clinton Praises Ireland for Being First to Help with His Global AIDS Initiative,” IrishCentral, October 10, 2013, http://www.irishcentral.com/news/bill-clinton-praises-ireland-for-being-first-to-help-with-his-global-aids-initiative-227204991-237782151.html.
40. “Find a Goal for Jamaica to Embrace, Says Bill Clinton,” Jamaica Observer, October 27, 2010, http://m.jamaicaobserver.com/mobile/business/Find-a-goal-for-Jamaica-to-embrace--says-Bill-Clinton_8091662.
41. Humphreys, Joe, “Bill Clinton Visit Cements Close Working Relationship with Denis O’Brien,” Irish Times, October 10, 2013, https://www.irishtimes.com/search/search-7.1213540?article=true&q=&tag_person=Mr%20O%20Brien&tag_company=Con rad%20Hotel&tag_organisation=Un.
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