“I had the ambition to want to be rich”: Salewicz, “Keep On Pushing.”
“That Chicago weather”: Werner, Higher Ground, 232.
“I’ve always felt that the mass”: Witter, “Now More Than Ever.”
“The music scene was kind of drying up”: Werner, Higher Ground, 232.
“Life isn’t just music”: Peck, Galloway, and Gulotta, Movin’ On Up.
“I saw the situation as an ideal opportunity”: Burns, People Never Give Up, 177–178.
“At that time, I wasn’t so hot”: Werner, Higher Ground, 268.
“I wanted it to be a lot funkier”: Burns, People Never Give Up, 179.
“Curtis was there with his posse”: Abbey, interview by Atria and Mayfield.
“I think he was kind of disillusioned”: Ibid.
“I’ve been in this business”: Witter, “Now More Than Ever.”
“The musicians gave me hell”: Tracy Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield, 2014.
“I had to prove myself nightly”: Ibid.
“He didn’t go on stage one time”: Ibid.
“I didn’t tune to F-sharp”: Ibid.
“Hey, cat—‘We People’”: Ibid.
“There were no strings attached”: Hoskyns, review of Mayfield, Butler, and the Impressions at the Greek Theatre.
“Curtis delivers sixty magical minutes”: Salewicz, “Keep On Pushing.”
“After touring, Dad shut down”: Tracy Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield, 2014.
“I felt like I couldn’t rely on him”: Sharon Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield.
“We’ve all been disappointed a lot”: Tracy Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield, 2014.
“Helen was extremely nice”: Ibid.
“You have to create the conditions”: Sharon Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield.
“I don’t feel that I’m a great success”: Nathan, “The Curtom Story.”
“These are not easy times”: Werner, Higher Ground, 237.
“In going where you have to go”: Bouchard, Hemingway, 119.
“He enjoyed people”: Carolyn Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield.
“I wouldn’t go out there”: Kenny Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield.
“Me and Theida, we got in”: Carolyn Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield, 2013.
“No one was taking care”: Sharon Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield.
“It was very frustrating”: Tracy Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield, 2014.
“I was managing the studio”: Ibid.
“They didn’t have a record deal”: Abbey, interview by Atria and Mayfield.
“It was something that Curtis”: Ibid.
“Some of the tracks were very good”: Ibid.
“I think all of us were very lucky”: Ibid.
“You have to remember”: Werner, Higher Ground, 269.
“Curtis Mayfield was hip-hop”: KRS-One, interview by Atria
“I don’t see any great differences”: Werner, Higher Ground, 279.
“It’s not that they can’t create”: Light, “Lasting Impression.”
“We’re talking about character here”: Witter, “Now More Than Ever.”
“Curtis Mayfield was making a comeback”: Markowitz, interview by Atria.
13. Never Say You Can’t Survive
“Listen, you get on stage”: Markowitz, interview by Atria.
Markowitz ascended the stairs: Ibid.
“I think so, but I can’t move”: Goodness, interview by Atria.
“I knew what had happened”: Werner, Higher Ground, 267.
“When I got there, he had”: Sharon Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield.
“I remember reading a telegram”: Tracy Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield, 2014.
“We arrived [at the venue]”: Light, “Lasting Impression.”
“It happened, and it happened fast”: Williams, “Everything Was a Song.”
“Aches come and go”: Werner, Higher Ground, 267.
“He never said, ‘Why me?’”: Stuart, interview by Atria.
“When I would go to visit”: Sharon Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield, 2014.
“When I was a little girl”: Ibid.
“At this point, there was no more”: Tracy Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield, 2014.
“He got mad from that bed”: Ibid.
“I think overall I’m dealing”: Light, “Lasting Impression.”
“Some good doctor somewhere may”: Ibid.
“I’m a fifty-four-year-old quadriplegic”: Burns, People Never Give Up, 238.
a national poll showed only 15 percent: Bauerlein et al., Civil Rights Chronicle.
“I always said I would not be singing”: Gonzales, “Curtis Mayfield.”
“It’s not about dying”: Peck, Galloway, and Gulotta, Movin’ On Up.
“I have ideas”: Burns, People Never Give Up, 223.
“Curtis worked so long”: Van Nguyen, “Back to Living.”
“[I can’t sing] in the manner”: Burns, People Never Give Up, 214–215.
“It took all of my know how”: Ibid., 230.
“My particular thing is how”: Werner, Higher Ground, 270.
“Fusing elements of hip-hop on this CD”: Ibid., 286.
“I’ve been doing this since I was seven”: Ibid., 287.
“The honor that you bestowed upon [Curtis]”: “Marv Stuart Hyman on Curtis Mayfield at the Induction Ceremony,” Rock and Roll Hall of Fame official website.
“I don’t know anything about death”: Sharon Mayfield, interview by Atria and Mayfield.
“As I sum it up”: Werner, Higher Ground, 287.
Lasting Impressions
“There’s the illusion that progress”: “Race Relations in Crisis,” The Open Mind.
Bibliography
Abbey, John. “Curtis Mayfield.” Blues & Soul, February 1972.
———. “Curtis Mayfield: Love to the People.” Blues & Soul, June 1975.
———. “Curtis Mayfield: No Longer an Impression.” Blues & Soul, September 1970.
Aletti, Vince. “Jerry Butler.” Rolling Stone, April 30, 1970.
Alexander, Michael. “The Impressions.” Rolling Stone, December 27, 1969.
Anderson, Clive. Liner notes for Sweet Exorcist & Got to Find a Way. Charly Records, 2001.
Anderson, Monroe. “From Superfly to Super Star.” Ebony, July 1973.
Atria, Travis. “The Message.” Wax Poetics 61 (March 2015).
Bauerlein, Mark, et al. Civil Rights Chronicle: The African-American Struggle for Freedom. Lincolnwood, IL: Legacy, 2003.
Beldon’s Blues Point. “The Impressions: Part 1 of Our Interview with Original Member Sam Gooden” April 20, 2013. http://beldonsbluespoint.blogspot.com/2013/04/the-impressions-part-1-of-our-interview.html.
———. “The Impressions: Part 2 of Our Interview with Original Member Sam Gooden” April 22, 2013. http://beldonsbluespoint.blogspot.com/2013/04/in-part-2-of-our-interview-with-sam.html.
———. “The Impressions: Part 3 of Our Interview with Original Member Sam Gooden” April 24, 2013. http://beldonsbluespoint.blogspot.com/2013/04/in-part-iii-of-our-interview-sam-gooden.html.
Berry, William E. “Curtis Mayfield’s ‘Super Fly’ Music Makes $20 Million.” Jet, May 31, 1973.
Biography.com. “Stokely Carmichael.” Accessed June 6, 2016. www.biography.com/people/stokely-carmichael-9238629.
Bouchard, Donald F. Hemingway: So Far from Simple. Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 2010.
Bowman, Rob. Booklet for Movin’ On Up: The Music and Message of Curtis Mayfield and the Impressions. Universal Music Group, 2008. DVD.
Burgess, A. Ace. “Curtis Mayfield Keeps On Pushin’ Message Music.” Jet, February 12, 1976.
Burns, Peter. People Never Give Up. London: Sanctuary, 2003.
Butler, Jerry, with Earl Smith. Only the Strong Survive. Bloomington: Indiana Universit
y Press, 2000.
Callahan, Mike. “Vee Jay Album Discography Part 12: Correspondence, Corrections, Updates,” Both Sides Now Publications, December 21, 2006. www.bsnpubs.com/veejay/veejaymail.html.
Canby, Vincent. Review of Short Eyes. New York Times, September 28, 1977. www.nytimes.com/movie/review?_r=3&res=9504E7D91638E334BC4051DFBF66838C669EDE.
Carmichael, Rodney. “Curtis Mayfield, Still Making His Impression Felt.” Creative Loafing Atlanta, July 15, 2010. http://clatl.com/atlanta/curtis-mayfield-still-making-his-impression-felt/Content?oid=1720299.
Charles Chesnutt Digital Archive. “Lynching by State.” Accessed May 6, 2016. www.chesnuttarchive.org/classroom/lynchings_table_state.html.
Chicago Defender. “It’s Curtis, 1975.” June 3, 1975.
Christgau, Robert. Review of America Today. Consumer Guide, Village Voice, ca. 1975. Reprinted on author’s official website. www.robertchristgau.com/get_artist.php?name=Curtis+Mayfield.
Churcher, Kalen M. A. “Stokely Carmichael, ‘Black Power’ (29 October 1966).” Voices of Democracy, July 24, 2009. http://archive.vod.umd.edu/civil/carmichael1966int.htm#_ednref.
Courter, Barry. “R&B Trio, with Two Chattanooga Members, Still in the Public Eye after 50 Years.” Times Free Press, December 2, 2012. www.timesfreepress.com/news/2012/dec/02/rb-trio-with-two-chattanooga-members-still/.
Davis, Carl. The Man Behind the Music. Mattson, IL: Life to Legacy, 2009.
Davis, Stephen. Review of Back to the World by Curtis Mayfield. Rolling Stone, July 19, 1973. www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/back-to-the-world-19730719.
DeCurtis, Anthony. “The Soul of Soul.” Rolling Stone, February 3, 2000.
DuBois, W. E. B. The Souls of Black Folk. Chicago: A. C. McClurg, 1904.
Dunbar, Paul Laurence. “How Lucy Backslid.” In The Complete Poems of Paul Laurence Dunbar. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1913.
Dwyer, Jim. “In a World of Songwriting, at the Top of the Pack.” New York Times, August 28, 2009. www.nytimes.com/2009/08/30/nyregion/30about.html.
Farberman, Brad. “Q&A: The Impressions’ Fred Cash on Curtis Mayfield, Politics in the ’60s, and the Venues His Band Played Back in the Day.” Village Voice, July 19, 2012. http://blogs.villagevoice.com/music/2012/07/the_impressions_fred_cash_interview.php.
Foner, Philip S. The Black Panthers Speak. New York: Da Capo Press, 1995.
Galloway, A. Scott. Liner notes for Roots by Curtis Mayfield. Rhino Records/Curtom, 1999.
———. Liner notes for Super Fly by Curtis Mayfield, 25th anniversary ed. Rhino Records, 1997.
Garrow, David J. Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. New York: Quill, 1986.
Gersten, Russell. Review of Sweet Exorcist by Curtis Mayfield. Rolling Stone, August 1, 1974.
Goins, Kevin. “A Soulful Conversation with Eddie Thomas.” Examiner.com, May 18, 2009. www.examiner.com/article/a-soulful-conversation-with-eddie-thomas. Page discontinued.
Gonzales, Michael A. “Curtis Mayfield: Mighty Mighty.” Vibe, April 1996.
———. “Gangster Boogie.” Wax Poetics, 2009.
Gore, Joe. “Curtis Mayfield: 1942–1999.” Guitar Player, April 2000.
Gray, Tracy. “Mayfield Scores with ‘Superfly’.” Chicago Tribune, September 10, 1972.
Guitar Player. “The Soul of an R&B Genius.” August 1991.
Hall, Gwendolyn. “Mean Price by Gender.” Afro-Louisiana History and Genealogy, accessed September 2, 2014. www.ibiblio.org/laslave/calculations.php.
History Makers, The. www.thehistorymakers.com.
Hoskyns, Barney. Review of Curtis Mayfield, Jerry Butler, and the Impressions, at the Greek Theatre, Los Angeles. NME, July 16, 1983.
James, Frank. “Martin Luther King Jr. in Chicago.” Chicago Tribune, January 3, 2008.
Jarrett, Vernon. “Cocaine Cinema Exploits Blacks.” Chicago Tribune, September 13, 1972.
Junior, Chris M. “‘Precious Love’ for the Impressions: Socially Conscious ’50s and ’60s Vocal Group Keeps On Pushing After 50 Years.” Goldmine, August 15, 2008.
Kot, Greg. “The Impressions Keep On Pushing.” Chicago Tribune, June 28, 2012. http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-06-28/entertainment/chi-impressions-interview-fred-cash-interviewed-20120628_1_brooks-brothers-sam-gooden-fred-cash.
Kurlansky, Mark. 1968: The Year That Rocked the World. New York: Random House, 2004.
Lewis, Pete. “The Impressions: Everlasting Impressions.” Blues & Soul, May 18, 2011. www.bluesandsoul.com/feature/678/the_impressions_everlasting_impressions/.
Light, Alan. “A Lasting Impression.” Rolling Stone, October 28, 1993.
Like It Is. “Ali: A Living Legend.” WABC-TV, first aired June 26, 1980.
Malcolm X. Interview at UC Berkeley, October 11, 1963. www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTOn8JtN4c0.
Marable, Manning. Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention. New York: Penguin Books, 2011.
Mayfield, Curtis. Curtis Mayfield “Rapping.” Curtom, 1972. LP.
Mitchell, Gail. “Mayfield Remembered as R&B Pioneer.” Billboard, January 8, 2000.
Mundy, Chris. “Curtis Mayfield Paralyzed.” Rolling Stone, October 4, 1990.
Nathan, David. “Curtis Mayfield: The Speakeasy, London.” Blues & Soul, July 9, 1971.
———. “The Curtom Story.” Blues & Soul, December 14, 1976.
National Archives. “Teaching With Documents: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.” Accessed October 4, 2014. www.archives.gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act/.
Obrecht, Jas. “Curtis Mayfield: The Messenger Returns.” Guitar Player, December 1996.
———. “Keep on Pushing: A Curtis Mayfield Tribute.”Guitar Player, June 1994.
Omnibus. “Darker Than Blue: Curtis Mayfield.” BBC, first aired March 21, 1995.
Open Mind, The. “Race Relations in Crisis.” PBS, first aired June 12, 1963; rebroadcast and updated November 13, 1992.
Page, Clarence. “Does Curtis Mayfield Sincerely Want to Be Rich?” Chicago Tribune, February 10, 1974.
Parks, Gordon, Jr., dir. Super Fly. Orig. rel. 1972; Warner Home Video, 2004. DVD.
Peck, David, Phillip Galloway, and Tom Gulotta, dirs. Movin’ On Up: The Music and Message of Curtis Mayfield and the Impressions. Universal Music Group, 2008. DVD.
Pruter, Robert. Chicago Soul. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1991.
Rawls, Lou. “Dead End Street.” On Too Much! Capital Records, 1967.
Ritz, David. Divided Soul: The Life of Marvin Gaye. New York: Da Capo Press, 1985.
Rock & Rap Confidential. Obituary for Curtis Mayfield. December 1999.
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame official website. “Marv Stuart Hyman on Curtis Mayfield at the Induction Ceremony.” Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Accessed August 4, 2014. http://rockhall.com/inductees/curtis-mayfield/transcript/marv-stuart-hyman-on-curtis-ma/.
Rolling Stone. “Curtis Mayfield.” August 12, 1985.
———. “Impressions Lose Curtis Mayfield.” October 1, 1970.
Salewicz, Chris. “Keep On Pushing: Curtis Mayfield.” Face, 1985.
Shadwick, Keith. Jimi Hendrix: Musician. San Francisco: Backbeat Books, 2003.
Smith, R. J. The One: The Life and Music of James Brown. New York: Gotham Books, 2012.
Soul Train. “Curtis Mayfield / The Main Ingredient / Hank Ballard.” Syndicast Services, first aired January 6, 1973.
St. Pierre, Roger. “Curtis Mayfield: Where He’s Been and Where He’s Going.” Let It Rock, October 1972.
———. Review of Curtis Mayfield at the Rainbow, London. NME, January 29, 1972.
Steffens, Roger. “Soul Survivor.” Beat 12 (1993): 44–46.
Strick, Philip. “Congress Dances and Sings.” London Times, March 2, 1973.
Swanson, Stevenson. Chicago Days: 150 Defining Moments in the Life of a Great City. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997.
Symes, Phil. “Curtis Mayfield: Soul Music’s Elusive Dynamo.
” Disc and Music Echo, December 4, 1971.
Tucker, Ken. Review of Do It All Night by Curtis Mayfield. Rolling Stone, October 5, 1978. www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/do-it-all-night-19781005.
Valentine, Penny. “Curtis Mayfield in the Talk-In.” Sounds, February 5, 1972.
Van Matre, Lynn. “Mayfield’s Message Checked Out.” Chicago Tribune, October 10, 1971.
Van Nguyen, Dean. “Back to Living: Curtis Mayfield and the Making of ‘New World Order.’” PopMatters, April 7, 2010. www.popmatters.com/feature/120209-back-to-living-curtis-mayfield-and-the-making-of-new-world-order/.
Vanhorn, Teri. “Best of ’99: Friends, Family Recall Curtis Mayfield’s Influence, Persistence.” MTV.com, December 27, 1999. www.mtv.com/news/620073/best-of-99-friends-family-recall-curtis-mayfields-influence-persistence/.
Watson, Beatrice. “From Bea to You.” Chicago Defender, January 2, 1965.
Werbin, Stu. “Curtis Mayfield’s Biggest Score.” Rolling Stone, November 23, 1973.
Werner, Craig. “Curtis Mayfield.” Goldmine, July 1997.
———. Higher Ground. New York: Crown, 2004.
Whitaker, David T. Cabrini Green in Words and Pictures. Chicago: W3 Chicago, 2000.
Wilkerson, Isabel. The Warmth of Other Suns: The Epic Story of America’s Great Migration. New York: Vintage Books, 2010.
Williams, Richard. “Everything Was a Song.” Independent, February 27, 1994. www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/arts--everything-was-a-song-curtis-mayfields-voice-used-to-be-one-of-the-sweetest-sounds-in-soul-music-three-and-a-half-years-ago-it-fell-silent-when-mayfield-was-paralysed-now-as-the-stars-pay-tribute-on-an-album-of-his-songs-he-gives-a-rare-and-candid-interview-1396804.html. Page discontinued.
———. Obituary for Major Lance. Indepdendent, September 12, 1994. www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-major-lance-1448552.html.
———. “Putting Something on Our Minds.” London Times, July 31, 1971.
Witter, Simon. “Now More Than Ever: Curtis Mayfield.” i-D, September 1987.
Wynn, Ron. Review of Got to Find a Way by Curtis Mayfield. AllMusic.com, accessed May 5, 2016. www.allmusic.com/album/got-to-find-a-way-mw0000186170.
———. Review of Sweet Exorcist by Curtis Mayfield. AllMusic.com, accessed May 5, 2016. www.allmusic.com/album/got-to-find-a-way-mw0000186170.
Interviews
Traveling Soul Page 39
