young families’ preference for, 111–12, 151–52, 169–172, 204–5
City (store), 18, 172
City replicas, 127–28
Civil Rights Act (1964), 43
Clayton Homes, 72
Clinton, Bill, 65–66
Colony Capital, 187
Community Growth, Crisis and Challenge (film), 39
Commuting, 94–99
average time spent, 94
commuting paradox, 98
costs of, 5–6, 21, 99–101
extreme commutes, 94–97
longer distances, and housing boom, 68–69, 71, 74–76, 104
necessity and suburbs, 5, 13, 46
physical/mental problems related to, 97–99
Compound concepts, 157
Concept homes, configuration of, 6–7
Condominiums, developments by suburban developers, 163–66
“Confessions of a Recovering Engineer” (Marohn), 57, 63
Congress for New Urbanism, 52, 113–15, 140
Conservatives, suburbs, support by, 62–63
Cooper, Gary, 194–95
Coors Field, 176
Corporations
relocation to cities, 173–76
relocation to suburbs, 44
Cortright, Joe, 15, 132
Crime
in cities, past view, 44, 167, 168, 179
reduction in cities (2011), 169, 188
in suburbs, 17, 179, 206
Critics of suburbia
adolescents, negative factors for, 90, 98, 179
anti-sprawl movement. See New Urbanism; Walkable communities
auto accident increases, 82–85
automobile dependence, 79–81, 85–86, 89–91
commuting issue, 94–99
crime, rise in, 17, 179, 206
early critics (1950–60s), 38–39, 46–48
on financial structure of communities, 58–60, 77–78
lifestyle criticism, 79–81
of mortgage interest deduction, 74–76
natural environment destruction, 47–48
neighborhood satisfaction factors, 91
neighbors, lack of interaction, 91–92
in popular culture, 39, 51, 53, 79, 91, 144
racial homogeneity, 42–43
single-use zoning issue, 41–42, 63
social interaction deficits, 91–92, 125
of sprawl, 45–46, 60, 82
transportation costs, 99–101
wasteland descriptions, 50, 52
Cul-de-sacs, 32–33, 41–42, 49
Curbside Chat, 57–58
Cusato, Marianne, 134
Daily, Bethany, 170
Davis, Alexander Jackson, 31
Davis, Robert, 116, 135
Demographics. See Population
Demographic winter, 145
Denver, renewal and growth (2011), 168
Depopulation, reuse methods, 185–87
Doig, Will, 129
Donovan, Shaun, 23, 102
Dormont, Pittsburgh, 202
Dorney, Diane, 122–25
Dorsey, Jack, 93
Dover, Victor, 81
Drivable suburbia, housing market in, 199
Duany, Andres, 52, 115–18, 130. See also New Urbanism
background information, 115–17
on Pensacola Parking Syndrome, 63
post-disaster planning, 126
reactions to ideas of, 193–94
on sprawl, 40
on suburban benefits, 191–92
on teens in suburbia, 90
Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company (DPZ), 116–17
Duckworth, Jason, 36, 49, 62, 69–70, 135
on adolescent car independence, 110
on appeal of suburbia, 49
city, move to, 171
on Duany, 117
on McMansions, 69–70
Duckworth, Joe, 135
Dumbaugh, Eric, 83–84, 106–7
DUMBO, Brooklyn, 18, 163–64
Dump the Pump, 109
Dunham-Jones, Ellen, 103, 180, 181
East Passyunk, Philadelphia, 117–18
Edge cities, 45–46
Ehrenhalt, Alan, 166
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 38
Eisner, Michael, 197
Emerging adulthood, 153
Empty nesters, in cities, 172
Energy costs. See also Oil prices
energy-efficient cars, 105, 108
and suburban excess, 21–22
England, suburban development in, 28
England, Don, Jr., 183
Environment
destruction and suburban development, 47–48, 68
farmland, developments built on, 38, 68, 182
pollution and automobiles, 46, 99, 108
Euclid, Ohio, 40
Euclidean zoning, 41
Extell Development Company, 151
Families. See also Adolescents; Aging population; Children
children in suburbs, decline of, 145–47
demographic factors. See Population
elders in suburbs, 143–45, 147–150
empty nesters, 172
in “first ring” suburbs, 202–3
free time, in walkable communities, 133, 170–71
helicopter parents, 153–54
multigenerational, 152–55
suburban move-up buyers, 7, 189–190
young, preference for cities, 111–12, 151–52, 169–172, 204–5
Family size
decrease in, 5, 19, 144–47
millennials-parents living together, 152–55
multigenerational homes, 156–57
Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac, 187
Farmland
buying back by farmers, 106, 182–84
developments built on, 38, 68, 182
Federal-Aid Highway Act (1956), 38, 62
Federal government, and suburban development, 35, 42–43, 61–63, 65–67, 192
Federal Housing Administration (FHA), 35, 40, 42, 61, 126, 206
Federal Housing Finance Agency, 187
“First ring” suburbs, 202–3
Floral Avenue, Illinois, 141–42
Florida, Richard, 92, 127, 166
“Fonzie flats,” 156
Ford, Gerald, 168
Ford, Henry, 32, 82
Foreclosures
and housing bust, 73–74
new versus foreclosed home buying, 208
repossessed homes, reuse of, 186–87, 205–6
Fort Point, Boston, 168
Free time, in walkable communities, 133, 170–71
Frey, William, 150, 180
Fullerton, California, 38
Futurama, 64
Future communities. See Walkable communities
Garages, none, 123, 137
Garreau, Joel, 45
General Electric (GE), 44
Generations. See Aging population; Baby boomers; Gen Y; Millennials
Gen Y, 144, 152, 153
Georgetown, Washington, DC, 40, 121, 125
Germantown, Philadelphia, 29
GI Bill (1944), 35
Gibson, Denise, 200–201
Gibson, Steve, 178
Gillen, Kevin, 15, 131
Glaeser, Edward, 75, 92, 158–59, 166, 175
Glen, The, Illinois, 128
Gore, Al, 21
Grand Central Station, 30
Granny flats, 156
Great Depression, 32, 34, 76
Great Plains, 184
Great Recession
birth rate decline during, 145
home-building bust, 3–4, 182
home-related disaster, 72–75
minimalist mentality emerging from, 138–39
mortgages, cheap in, 66
suburban poor, rise of, 177–79
Greenwich Village, New York City, 29
Gruen, Victor, 48
Gwinnett County, Atlanta, 68
Hampstead, Alabama, 121
Haskell, Llewellyn, 31
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Haussmann, Baron, 118
Health
healthier communities, features of, 87
problems, automobile dependence, 86–89, 97, 99
walking, benefits of, 93–94
Helicopter parents, 153–54
Henshaw, Jim, 143–44
Highways, 34, 62
Hill, Graham, 139
Hipsturbias, 129–130, 202
Hira, Nadira, 153–54, 158
History of suburbia, 27–52
automobile in, 32–34, 41–42, 81–82
bedroom communities, 31
cities, decline of, 29
corporation relocations to, 44
England, 28
federal master-plan in, 35, 42–43, 61–63, 65–67, 192
housing boom (2000s), 66–72
McMansion era, 69–71
malls/big-box stores, 44–45
marketing of suburbs, 64–69
mass-produced communities, 37–38, 46, 70
post–World War II expansion, 35–38, 41, 65
racial homogeneity, 42–43
single-use zoning, effects of, 39–42, 63
socioeconomic status in, 28
sprawl/edge cities, 45–46
and transportation advances, 29–34, 62
urban migration into (1970s), 44
villages, early design, 30–32, 40–41
Hoboken, New Jersey, 193
Hollander, Justin, 185–86
Home-building decline
farmland, reversion to farming, 106, 182–84
and Great Depression, 34–35
and Great Recession, 3–4, 72–73
zombie subdivisions, 182
Home-building increase
housing boom (2000s), 66–72
post–Great Recession, 197–98
post–World War II, 35–38
urban developments, 18, 23, 163–66, 172, 190
Home-building industry
cities, development in, 163–66
compound concepts, 157
future uncertainties, 159–162
home size decrease, 22, 136–140
millennials’ impact on, 155–59
multifamily construction, rise in, 6, 16, 18, 198
multigenerational homes, 156–57
shifting market activities, 6–7, 16
Home Depot, 45
Home ownership
as American ideal, 65–66, 76–77
housing boom (2000s), 66–72
minorities, lower percentage, 43
Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC), 42
Home size
decrease in, 22, 136–140
McMansions, 69–71, 136, 205
median ideal size, 136
small-home movement, 138–140, 159
Home values
and community physical design, 131–32
decline in suburbs, 15–16, 21, 111
increase in cities, 15, 188
old versus new homes, 200
in walkable communities, 111, 130–32
Hsieh, Tony, 92, 174–76
IBM, 44
Immigrants, settling in suburbs, 177–78
Industrialization, 28–29
Inland Empire, California, 46, 73, 95, 192
I’On, South Carolina, 121
Jackson, Kenneth T., 10, 27, 34, 91, 104, 110, 179
Jackson, Richard, 87, 89, 90
Jacobs, Jane, 23, 47–49, 119, 175
JCPenney, 172–73
Jersey City, New Jersey, 193
Jobs, Steve, 93, 116–17
Kahneman, Daniel, 97
Kannan, Shyam, 198
Kasarda, John, 166
Katz, Bruce, 75–76, 203, 207
Keats, John, 38
Keenan, Linda Erin, 91–92
Kentlands, Maryland, 121–25, 131
Kirr, Joy, 51
Klinenberg, Eric, 146
Kneebone, Elizabeth, 177
Kotkin, Joel, 193
Krier, Léon, 116
Krueger, Alan, 97
Kunstler, James Howard, 105–6, 189, 195
on future of suburbs, 206
suburbia, negative view of, 22–23, 52
Lake Forest, Illinois, 41
Lakelands, Maryland, 121
Lakewood, California, 38
Land. See also Farmland
Buffalo Commons concept, 184
Lang, Robert E., 204
Las Vegas
housing bust in, 72, 73–74
Zappos relocation to, 174–77
Lawrenceville, Pittsburgh, 202
Le Corbusier, 119
Lee, Annette, 85–86, 194
Leinberger, Christopher, 38, 64, 81–82, 130, 131, 135, 188
on housing market location, 199
reactions to ideas of, 195
on suburban development, 38
Lennar Corporation, 156
Levitt, William, 37
Levittown, 37, 43, 46, 65
Libertyville, Illinois, 140–41
LifeEdited, 22, 138–39, 159
Lifestyle centers, 127–28, 132
Lind, Diana, 208
Lindsay, Greg, 166
“Little Boxes” (song), 39
Littledigs.com, 138
Live/work spaces, 122
Living alone, rise of, 146
Llewellyn Park, West Orange, New Jersey, 31
Location-efficient mortgages, 101–3, 206
LoDo, Denver, 168
Loneliness of suburbanites, 91–92, 125, 132–33
Long Beach, California, 63
Lopez, Russ, 45–46
Loudoun County, Virginia, 13, 68
Lower East Side, New York City, 29
Lowe’s, 45
Lucy, William, 160–61, 199–200, 210
McGirr, Lisa, 179
McIlwain, John, 209
McLinden, John, 7, 140, 141–42, 200–201
McLives, 139–140
McMahon, Bob, 133
McMansions, 69–71, 136, 205
Malls. See Shopping malls
Mangiamele, Paul M., 182
Mansueto, Joe, 173
Marohn, Charles, 53–61
background information, 53–56
on codes and standards, 63
on housing boom/bust, 74
Ponzi scheme, suburban development as, 58–60, 77–78
Strong Towns/Curbside Chat, 56–58
on suburban prosperity myth, 65, 207
Marriage
average age of, 146
decline in rate of, 145–46
Mass-produced communities, 37–38, 46, 70
Matthews, Anne, 184
May, William, 154
Media, Pennsylvania, 10–13, 133, 201–2
Meeks, Rachel, 108
Melman, Stephen, 138
MetroWest, Washington, DC, 128
Meyer, Deborah, 128, 145
Millennials
birth years of, 19
cities, preference for, 19–20, 157–59
delayed adulthood of, 152–54
driver’s license decline among, 20
in “first ring” suburbs, 202–3
as Generation Rent, 158
home-related needs of, 157–59
impact on housing market, 155–59
living with parents, 152–55
Miller, Nicole, 154, 161
Minimalism, post-Recession mentality, 138–140
Model T, 32, 82
Morristown, New Jersey, 128–29, 203
Mortgages
cheap, and housing boom (2000s), 66, 69, 71
deduction, negative aspects of, 74–76
foreclosures and housing bust, 73–74
historical view, 35, 40, 61
interest tax deduction, 35, 61, 74–75
location-efficient mortgages, 101–3, 206
Moses, Robert, 47
Multifamily construction, 6, 16, 18, 198
Multigenerational homes, 156–57
Mumford, Lewis,
27, 33, 46, 48
My Favorite, 144
Narberth, Pennsylvania, 134–35, 171
National Association of Home Builders (NAHB), 39
National Homeownership Day, 65
National Homeownership Strategy, 66
Neighborhood Market, 18, 172
Neighborhood satisfaction, 91
Nelson, Arthur C., 20, 60, 159, 204
Newgeography.com, 193
Newtown Station, Pennsylvania, 129
New Urbanism, 113–142. See also Duany, Andres; Walkable communities
communities based on, 116–18, 120–28, 140–42
Congress for New Urbanism, 52, 113–15
critics and criticism of, 125–26
design elements, 116, 119–120, 122–25, 129, 134, 136–37
founders of, 19, 40
goals and principles of, 51–52, 113, 119–120, 123–25, 130
housing variations, importance of, 124
Kentlands, Maryland, example, 121–25, 131
roots of, 114–15
traditional builders’ adoption of, 127–130, 135–38, 140–42, 198–99
New York City
car independence in, 133
corporation relocations to, 173
decline (1970s), 44
developments by suburban developers, 16, 18, 163–66, 172, 190
early suburbs of, 29–30
obesity, low rate, 87–88
renewal and growth (2011), 168–69, 172
sports stadiums in, 176–77
young families’ preference for, 151–52
Next Gen homes, 156
Nicholas, Leon, 172
Norquist, John, 140
Northside Piers, Brooklyn, 164
NorthWest Crossing, Oregon, 120
Norton Commons, Kentucky, 120
Not So Big franchise, 137, 139–140, 141
Obesity, and automobile dependence, 86–89
Oil prices
commuting costs, 5–6, 21, 99–101
Europe, 104
future view, 104–7
increase (2000–2008), 103
Older adults. See Aging population
Olmsted, Frederick Law, 31
One Ten Third, New York City, 165
Orange County, California, 45
Palo Alto, California, 41
Parents and parenting. See Families
Parking spaces, 63
Park Slope, Brooklyn, 121
Pedestrians. See Walking and pedestrians
Pensacola Parking Syndrome, 63
Perry, Clarence, 32–33, 41, 120
Petco Park, 176
PetSmart, 18
Philadelphia, corporation relocations to, 173
Plater-Zyberk, Elizabeth, 52, 115–16
Poconos, Pennsylvania, 68–69, 189
Ponzi scheme, suburban development as, 58–60, 77–78
Poole, Vicky, 180
Popper, Deborah, 183–85
Popper, Frank, 183–85
Population
birth rate decline (2011), 144, 158
depopulation of suburbs, 185–87
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