Elise – Niece of Lord Grey and Gruffydd’s love.
Sir Edmund Mortimer – Uncle to the young Earl of March (heir presumptive to King Richard II).
King Richard II – Grandson of King Edward III and son of the Black Prince, Edward. King of England until 1400.
John of Gaunt – Duke of Lancaster. Son of King Edward III. Uncle of King Richard II.
Henry of Bolingbroke – Son of John of Gaunt.Earl of Derby. Later King Henry IV.
Prince Harry (Henry/Harry of Monmouth) – Son of King Henry IV.Later King Henry V.
Henry Percy – Earl of Northumberland.
Harry Hotspur (Sir Henry Percy the Younger) – Son of the Earl of Northumberland.
Archibald Douglas – Scottish Earl of Douglas.
Some Welsh Pronunciation and Words
When reading Welsh place names on a map, it may at first seem that there is an absence of vowels, but a few rules will vastly ease the challenges that Welsh proper names present at first glance. For instance, ‘w’ is usually pronounced ‘oo’ and ‘y’ is pronounced like a short ‘i’ or long ‘e’. ‘Dd’ is pronounced like a soft ‘th’, so the English equivalent of the Welsh name ‘Maredydd’ would be ‘Meredith’. ‘Gruffydd’ in English is spelled ‘Griffith’.
ab or ap – son of
cariad – my love, sweetheart
Cymru – Wales
Cymry – the Welsh people
Darogan – Prophecy
Ddu – Black
Fychan – Younger
Glyndwr – of the Glen of the River Dee
Goch – Red
Llyn – Lake
Mab – Son
Bibliography
In Search of Owain Glyndwr, Chris Barber, Blorenge Books, Abergavenny, Gwent, 1998.
Owain Glyndwr, Terry Breverton, Amberley Publishing, Stroud, Gloucestershire, 2009.
Castles of England, Scotland and Wales, Paul Johnson, George Weidenfeld & Nicholson Ltd., London, 1989.
National Redeemer, Owain Glyndwr in Welsh Tradition, Elissa R. Henken, University of Wales Press, Cardiff, 1996.
Owain Glyn Dwr & the War of Independence in the Welsh Borders, Geoffrey Hodges, Logaston Press, Wiltshire, England, 1995.
Herefordshire Under Arms – A Military History of the County, Charles Hopkinson, The Bromyard and District Local Historical Society, Bromyard, Herefordshire, 1985.
The Fears of Henry IV, Ian Mortimer, Vintage Books, London, 2007.
Owain Glyndwr, Prince of Wales, Ian Skidmore, Christopher Davies Ltd., Swansea, Wales, 1996.
Harlech Castle, Arnold Taylor, Raithby Lawrence, Cardiff, 1997.
Medieval Wales, David Walker, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1990.
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