1995

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1995 Page 36

by Campbell, W. Joseph

Amtrak, 177

  Andreessen, Marc, 196n77; as AOL chief technology officer, 39; current career of, 159; Microsoft and, 36, 171; as Mosaic developer, 34–35, 196n83; as Netscape cofounder, 33–35, 33 fig. 7, 159, 196n87; Netscape IPO stake of, 37; predictions of, 248n36; on Windows, 36

  Andreessen-Horowitz (venture capital firm), 159

  Angelou, Maya, 10

  anger, 9

  Anthony, Casey, murder trial of (2012), 156–57

  Anthony, Caylee, 156

  anti-Islamic terrorism, 157

  anti-Semitism, 187n37

  Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (1996), 75–76, 171

  Apollo 13 (film; 1995), 172

  Apple, R.W., 146

  Apple Computer, 13, 40, 160, 188n57

  Architects of the Web (Reid), 37

  Arenella, Peter, 94–95, 96, 213n24, 214n33, 215n50, 221–22n126

  Arkansas Bar Association, 147, 243n134

  Arkansas Supreme Court, 243n134

  Armitage, Richard, 218n87

  Arnwine, Barbara, 187n36

  Aronson, Jay D., 220nn110–12, 220n114

  Asahara, Shoko, 167

  Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, 139

  Associated Press, 58–60, 241n102

  astronomy, 5–7, 6 fig. 1, 185–86nn19–23, 186n28

  AT&T Worldnet, 38

  Atlanta Braves, 178

  Atlantic City (NJ), 176

  Atlantis (space shuttle), 4, 172

  Auckland (New Zealand), 13

  Auction Web, 23. See also eBay

  Aum Shinrikyo (religious cult), 55, 167

  Bailey, F. Lee, 83, 214n37

  Baker, Peter, 128

  Baker, Russell, 8–9, 186n31

  balanced-budget amendment, 166

  balloon flights, 165

  Baltimore (MD), papal visit to, 177

  Baltimore Orioles, 175

  Balz, Dan, 241n111, 243n125

  Bandow, Doug, 235n13

  Banja Luka (Bosnia), 126, 232n170

  Barbieri, Paula, 215n47

  Barings PLC, 3, 166

  Barksdale, James, 32–33, 37–39, 197n99

  Barron’s, 45

  Barry, Dave, 19

  Barry, Marion, 163

  Barton-Davis, Paul, 201n150

  baseball, 175, 178

  baseball strike, 167

  basketball, 166, 167

  Bass, Warren, 225n34

  BBC, 179

  Beinart, Peter, 127–28

  Being Digital (Negroponte), 14–15, 189n67, 189nn69–70

  Beirut (Lebanon), Marine Corps barracks bombings in (1983), 64

  Belfast (Northern Ireland), 180

  Bell, Linda Marie, 247n18

  Belle, Albert, 178

  Bennett, Bob, 240n96

  Bennett, Tony, 166

  Berke, Richard L., 244–45n143

  Berners-Lee, Tim, 24, 39, 47, 48–49, 194n46, 198n106, 199n125, 202n183

  Bezos, Jeffrey Preston: Amazon.com naming and, 44; as Amazon founder/chief executive, 40, 41 fig. 8, 199–200n130; frugality of, 43; interviews granted by, 46; press coverage of, 45–47; Washington Post purchased by, 46, 202n168. See also Amazon.com

  Bezos, MacKenzie, 40, 44

  Bildt, Carl, 126

  Bin Laden, Osama, 70

  Block, Herb, 72 fig. 11

  Blockbuster Videos, 189n75

  blogs, 29

  Blue Sky (film; 1994), 167

  Blumenthal, Sidney, 144, 241n112

  BoingBoing.net, 27

  Bolt Beranek and Newman (BBN), 201n43

  books, 7–9

  Bosnia: ethnic makeup of, 222n4; 51/49 split of, 114, 116, 118–20, 121; Greater Serbia/Greater Croatia formulation, 105–6, 223n9, 223–24n16; implications of independence, 222–23n5; peacekeeping troops in, 123–24, 125, 179–80, 231nn149, 164; PowerScene images of, 116–17; as putative al-Qaeda safe haven, 128–29

  Bosnian Croats, 104, 105, 118, 222n4. See also Muslim-Croat Federation

  Bosnian Muslims, 104, 105, 107–8, 118, 129, 157, 222n4. See also Muslim-Croat Federation

  Bosnian Serb Resettlement Office, 125

  Bosnian Serbs: Bosnian independence opposed by, 104; Dayton Agreement shortcomings and, 123, 125; ethnic cleansing campaigns of, 105; Milošević and, 117–18, 229n115; O’Grady shot down by, 171, 225n33; peacekeeper routes blocked by, 225n35; as percent of Bosnian population, 222n4; Rohde arrested by, 115–16; Sarajevo laid siege to by, 104–5, 110, 175; Srebrenica massacre perpetrated by (1995), 107–8, 157

  Bosnian War (1992–1995): American hubris as consequence of, 2, 233n183; armed combatants at end of, 230n143; beginning of, 104–5; casualties of, 123; causes of, 222–23n5; cease fire in, 126, 176; Croatian offensive in, 108–9, 119, 126, 173, 232n170; diplomatic failures in resolving, 114; end of, 2, 103–4, 179, 230n143; ethnic cleansing during, 105, 108, 173, 223n6; internecine warfare in, 113; Islamist fighters in, 129, 233–34n196; NATO airstrikes during, 108, 109, 175, 228n92; O’Grady rescue during, 106, 171, 224n22, 224nn24–25, 225n33; Srebrenica massacre during (1995), 2–3, 107–8, 115, 126, 157–58, 172, 225nn40–41, 229n100; Syrian civil war compared to, 158; UN peacekeepers in, 225n34; US foreign policy toward, 131, 224n25, 225n32, 225n34; US public opinion of, 105, 223nn10–12; war crimes during, 117, 125, 173, 229n112. See also Dayton Agreement (1995); Dayton peace negotiations (1995)

  Boss, Alan P., 185n20

  Boston Herald, 2

  Boston University, 11

  Brandt, Richard L., 200n135, 201n149

  Brassard, Pierre, 3–4, 178, 184n7

  Braveheart (film; 1995), 9, 169

  Brcko (Bosnia), 119–20

  Breivik, Anders Behring, 157, 248n25

  Brentwood News, 101

  Brin, Sergey, 21, 191n3

  British Parliament, 223–24n16

  Broadhurst Theatre (New York, NY), 172

  Broder, David, 245n145

  Brokaw, Tom, 206n37

  Bronner, Ethan, 241n103

  Brossard, Mario A., 187n39

  Brown, Divine (pseud.), 4, 185n14

  Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation, 17–18, 190n93

  Brownstein, Ronald, 88–89, 216n63

  Buckingham Palace (London, England), 181

  Budowle, Bruce, 97–98, 220n112

  Bugliosi, Vincent, 70, 209n79, 214n34

  Bullock, Neil James, 10

  Bunting, Todd, 67–68, 208n64

  Burger, Warren E., 172

  Burns, Nicholas, 227n79

  Bush, George H.W., 107, 142, 147

  Bush, George W., 9, 127, 128, 146, 233n185

  Business Week, 190n85

  Butler, R. Paul, 185–86n23

  Caba, Susan, 83

  Calvin and Hobbes (cartoon), 152–53, 246nn4–6

  Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun (Florence, Italy; 1995), 6

  Camp David talks (1978), 113, 226–27n62

  Canada, 178

  Cannon, Robert, 195n64

  Cape Canaveral (FL), 4, 184n10

  Capital Cities–ABC Inc., 173

  capital punishment, 166

  Carlson, Peter, 67, 208n60

  Carlsson, Ingvar, 165

  Carnegie Mellon University, 29, 30

  Carpenter, Ted Galen, 123

  Carter, Charles K., 222n4

  Carter, Jimmy, 131, 234n8

  Cassidy, John, 201n164

  Cassidy, Mike, 195n73

  Cato Institute, 123

  CBS: Bosnia peacekeeping poll of, 231n149; Clinton interviews on, 238n64, 242–43n123; Clinton-Lewinsky, coverage of, 143–44, 244n142, 245n144; Clinton “relevance” news conference ratings of, 234n2; evening-news ratings of, 206n37; Oklahoma City bombing, coverage of, 64; presidential election (1996) polls of, 93; Simpson ridiculed on, 157; tobacco industry and, 17–18; Westinghouse acquisition of, 173

  Center for the Study of Popular Culture, 89

  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 40

  Cerf, Vinton G., 22

  C
hanning, Carol, 177

  Charles (Prince of Wales), 132, 179, 181

  Charles, Robert G., 208n57, 209n73

  Chase, Brad, 38

  Chavis, Benjamin, 180

  Chicago (IL), 173, 174

  Chicago Bulls, 166

  China, 171

  Chirac, Jacques, 131, 169

  Chollet, Derek, 115, 116, 127, 226n59, 227n79, 229n101

  Christian Science Monitor, 115, 229n101

  Christopher, Warren: Albright as successor to, 124; character of, 226n57; Dayton negotiations deadline extended by, 119; Dayton news blackout and, 227n79; Dayton opening address given by, 113–14, 178; during Dayton peace negotiations, 111, 120–21, 222n1; Holbrooke and, 109, 111; memoirs of, 222n1, 230n133, 231n147; negotiating approach of, 111, 226n59; on US Bosnia policy, 225n32

  Chumard, Terry Rees, 53

  Chung, Connie, 64, 206n37

  cigarettes, 186n30

  Citadel, The (Charleston, SC), 174

  “civic” journalism, 16–17

  CKOI-FM, 4, 178

  Claes, Willy, 177

  Clark, James H., 32, 34–35, 37

  Clark, Marcia, 83–84, 88, 215n48, 216n52

  Cleveland (OH), 175

  Cleveland Browns, 178

  Cleveland Indians, 178

  Clinton, Bill: antiterrorism legislation signed by, 75–76, 171; assassination attempt on, 168; Bosnia policy of, 107, 108, 131, 180, 224n25, 232n172; centrist “third way” approach of, 146, 243n131; Communications Decency Act supported by (1995), 31; contempt of court case against, 146–47; Dayton Agreement announced by, 104, 121, 123–24; Dayton peace negotiations and, 176, 232n174; foreign policy criticized, 106–7, 108, 126; gaffes/missteps of, 131, 177, 234nn1–2, 234nn8–9; Gingrich and, 133, 236n27; government shutdown and, 131–32, 179, 181, 236nn31, 34; highway bill signed by, 180; impeachment of, 2, 9, 127, 137, 144, 145, 146, 153, 241–42n114; on increased security precautions, 73; Iranian policy of, 169; Iraqi chemical weapons intelligence and, 166; Lewinsky first meets, 136–37; memoirs of, 238n64, 239n87, 241n105; Mexico offered loan by, 164; Nixon compared to, 245n148; Northern Ireland visit of, 180; O’Grady rescue and, 106, 171, 224nn24–25; Oklahoma City bombing and, 130–31; papal visit with, 176; political survival of, 147–51; post-Dayton foreign policy of, 126–28, 233n185; Powell-mania and, 93; press coverage of, 224n25; Rabin and, 236n27; reelection of (1996), 124, 147–48; “relevance” news conference comment of, 130, 234n1; sexual harassment lawsuit against, 142; Simpson trial verdicts and, 80, 95, 212n9, 216n61, 218n88; terrorist threat and, 161; TV interviews of, 238n64, 242–43n123; US economy under, 149, 245n149; Whitewater scandal, 143, 174, 241n101, 242n119. See also Clinton-Lewinsky sex scandal (1995)

  Clinton, Chelsea, 140

  Clinton, Hillary Rodham, 140, 141, 154, 155, 175, 176

  Clinton-Lewinsky sex scandal (1995), 2, 181; beginning of, 136–37, 179, 237n40, 238nn51–52, 238n57; Clinton grand jury testimony in, 144–45; Clinton impeachment resulting from, 145, 146, 153, 241–42n114; Clinton’s lies under oath about, 142, 145, 240n100; Clinton’s political survival following, 147–51, 244–45n143; contempt of court case resulting from, 146–47; forensic DNA evidence in, 145; improbable setting of, 3; Lewinsky’s Vanity Fair article about, 154–55; origins of, during government shutdown, 135–36, 138 fig. 20, 139, 145–46, 154; political legacy of, 146, 243nn125–26; press coverage of, 143–44, 241nn102–4, 241n111; public opinion of, 144, 241–42n114, 244–45nn143–44, 245n149; revelation of, 142; sexual encounters, 137–41, 238nn60–61, 238–39nn64–66; Watergate scandal contrasted with, 149, 245n145; White House suspicions of, 239–40nn90–91, 240n93

  CNN, 5, 64, 65, 71, 76, 223n12, 231n149, 235–36n25

  Cochran, Johnnie L., Jr., 83, 87, 102, 164, 214n37, 215–16n51

  Cohen, Jeff, 30

  Cohen, Richard, 89

  Cohen, Roger, 109, 112, 222–23nn5–6, 226n55

  Cole, David, 75

  Coleman, Nick, 224n25

  Collins, Eileen, 165

  Columbia Journalism Review, 19

  comics, retirement of, 152–53, 163

  Committee to Protect Journalists, 115

  Communications Decency Act (1995), 30–32, 195n64

  Comoros Islands, attempted coup in, 176

  CompuServe, 22, 24, 38, 181

  computers: hacker arrests, 165; increased use of, 13, 172; predicted developments in, 189n69, 248n36; Windows 95 operating system for, 11–14, 12 fig. 3, 188–89n63; wiretapping of, 177

  Connecticut College (New London, CT), 9

  Connelly, Marjorie, 245n144

  conservative talk radio, 131

  “Contract with America,” 130, 168

  Copilevitz, Todd, 203n196

  Cosell, Howard, 169

  counterterrorism, 75

  Couric, Katie, 181

  Cousens, Elizabeth M., 222n4

  Cowlings, Al, 83

  Cox, W. Michael, 184n4

  Coyne, Jaci Rae, 53

  Coyne, Scott, 53

  Craigslist, 1, 23, 25

  credit card security, 200nn136, 138, 202n174

  Criminal Justice Institute (Harvard University), 96

  Croatia, 104, 113, 116

  Croatian Serbs, 173

  Crossing the Threshold of Hope (John Paul II), 85

  Crow, Sheryl, 166

  crowd-counting controversies, 11, 187–88nn45–46

  Crudele, John, 5

  Cryer, Lionel, 216n59

  CSI (TV series), 99–100

  Cuba, papal visit to, 241n102

  Cunningham, Ward, 47–48, 50, 167

  Currie, Betty, 139, 140

  cyber-dating, 24, 192n15

  cyberflânerie, 21

  cyberporn, 29–32, 172, 181, 194nn56, 61, 195nn62–64

  Czolgosz, Leon, 213n15

  Daily Oklahoman, 50–51, 53, 56, 59, 64, 76

  Dallas Morning News, 203n196

  Darden, Christopher, 83–84, 86, 102, 164, 215n48, 215–16nn50–52, 222n133

  Darkness at Noon (Koestler), 144

  Dateline (TV news program), 177

  Davies, Paul, 186n27

  Davis, Angela, 186–87nn36–37

  Day One (ABC news program), 17

  Dayton (OH), 111–12, 227nn68, 70

  Dayton Agreement (1995): American Exceptionalism and, 123–27; exhaustion thesis concerning, 126; “hubris bubble” created by, 104, 127–28, 158, 232nn173–76, 233nn181, 183; initialing of, 121, 122 fig. 18, 179; provisions of, 122–23; shortcomings of, 122–23, 230nn136, 143, 232n167; significance of, 103, 123, 126, 128–29, 231n147, 232nn173–76; signing of, 121–22, 179; US announcement of, 104, 121, 123–24; US foreign policy following, 126–28, 153, 232nn175–76; in US public opinion, 123

  Dayton peace negotiations (1995), 103–4; agreement reached in, 120–21, 179; announcement of, 176, 177; Bosnian delegation at, 106, 112, 117; Croatian delegation at, 105–6, 112; deadline in, 117; distraction during, 115; European representatives, 112; 51/49 split, 114, 116, 118–20; Framework Agreement in, 114; high-tide/low-tide dynamic of, 116, 118–21, 228n89; hoped-for outcome of, 113, 123; improbable setting of, 3, 111–12, 227n65; issues awaiting resolution at, 114–15; journalistic intrusion during, 115–16, 228–29n99; Milošević’s intervention in, 105, 118, 120–21, 229n115; “napkin diplomacy” during, 116; opening ceremony, 112–14, 178; other sites considered for, 226–27n62; preceding failed initiatives, 114; provisional understanding preceding, 114; radio silence during, 113, 115, 227n79, 228n98; Russian representatives, 112; “Scotch Road” deal in, 116–17; Serbian delegation at, 105, 112; Srebrenica massacre as catalyst for, 157; surreal moment during, 115; US “Big Bang” approach to, 113–14, 227n80; US failure statement draft in, 118–19, 120; US negotiating team, 109–11, 112, 174

  D.C. Society of Professional Engineers, 210n89

  death penalty, 166

  Del Ponte, Carla, 224n17

  Democratic National Committee, 149

  Democratic Party: Clinton as presidential nominee
of (1996), 124; Clinton gaffes and, 177; Clinton-Lewinsky scandal and, 144; ideological homogeneity of, 146, 243n125; sexual misconduct charges in, 174

  democratization, 161, 249n48

  Dempsey, James X., 75

  Denard, Bob, 176

  Denver (CO), 180

  Denver Post, 244n142

  Dershowitz, Alan M., 83, 102, 156–57, 212–13n12, 218n88, 222n133

  Detroit Free Press, 173

  Detroit News, 173

  Detroit Red Wings, 172

  Deutsche Presse-Agentur, 194n61

  Diana (Princess of Wales), 179, 181

  Digital Equipment Corporation, 181

  digital vandalism, 49

  Dionne, E.J., 131

  Discovery (space shuttle), 4, 165, 184n10

  Disney Corporation, 5, 173, 192n22

  Djohar, Mohammed, 176

  DNA as forensic evidence: in Clinton-Lewinsky grand jury investigation, 145; scientific disputes over (DNA Wars), 97–98, 220nn110–12; in Simpson trial, 1–2, 81, 83, 84, 95, 96–100, 220n112, 220–21n117, 221n120; TV portrayals of, 99–100, 221n121, 221n122

  Dobbs, Michael, 223–24n16, 228–29n99

  Dole, Bob, 93, 133, 147–48, 170

  Donaldson, Sam, 143–44

  door desks, 42–43, 200–201n143

  Dot.con (Cassidy), 201n164

  Dougherty, Dale, 199n121

  Dow, David, 83

  Dow Jones Industrial Average, 5, 149, 165

  Dow 36,000 (Glassman), 189n66

  Dreamland Hotel (Junction City, KS), 63

  Dreams from My Father (Obama), 173

  Drew, S. Nelson, 110–11, 226n54

  Drew Carey Show (TV program), 175

  Drudge, Matt, 143, 241n104

  Drudge Report, 143

  Dunne, Dominick, 100, 216n58, 222n127, 247n16

  Duran, Francisco Martin, 168

  Eagleburger, Lawrence, 229n112

  earthquakes, 164

  Eastern Slavonia (Croatia), 113, 116

  eBay, 1, 23–24, 25, 192n13

  Economist, 89, 111, 248n36

  Editor & Publisher (trade journal), 15, 189n79

  Egypt-Israel peace agreement, 113, 226–27n62

  Eich, Brendan, 24, 38

  Eisenhower, Dwight D., 243n130

  Eisenstadt, Alfred, 174

  electronic books, 40

  Electronic Frontier Foundation, 30

  Elizabeth II (Queen of England), 3–4, 178, 184n7

  Elliot’s Body Shop (Junction City, KS), 62–63, 67

  Emmy Awards, 175

  Endangered Pleasures (Holland), 7–9, 8 fig. 2, 186nn30–31

  End of History and the Last Man, The (Fukuyama), 249n48

  Engleman, Linda J., 192n15

  ER (TV program), 175, 241n103

 

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