26.Becker, The PLO, p. 148.
27.Adam Zagorin, “Auditing the PLO,” in The International Relations of the Palestine Liberation Organisation, ed. Augustus Richard Norton and Martin Greenberg (Carbondale & Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 1989), p. 200.
28.Rosewicz and Seib, “Aside From Being a Movement, the PLO Is a Financial Giant.”
29.“Other Chinese Reports; More Chinese Aid to PLO,” Xinhua, December 5, 1983 (accessed via LexisNexis).
30.“Fatah Delegation to Moscow,” Kuwait News Agency—BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, June 2, 1983 (accessed via LexisNexis); “PLO Delegations Flies to Moscow to Ask for Military Aid,” Associated Press, June 1, 1983 (accessed via LexisNexis).
31.Becker, The PLO, p. 144.
32.Livingstone and Halevy, Inside the PLO, p. 165.
33.Ibid., p. 167.
34.Robin Wright, “PLO’s Pinstripes, Money Behind Fatigues and Guns,” Christian Science Monitor, October 1, 1981 (accessed via LexisNexis).
35.Alexander and Sinai, Terrorism, p. 31.
36.Livingstone and Halevy, Inside the PLO, p. 175.
37.Cameron Smith, “PLO War Strands Refugees,” The Globe and Mail, November 22, 1983 (accessed via LexisNexis).
38.Alexander and Sinai, Terrorism, pp. 31–32; Wright, “PLO’s Pinstripes, Money Behind Fatigues and Guns.”
39.Rosewicz and Seib, “Aside From Being a Movement, the PLO Is a Financial Giant.”
40.Mark Tessler, A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1994), pp. 678–679.
41.Edward Said, The Politics of Dispossession: The Struggle for Palestinian Self-Determination, 1969–1994 (New York: Vintage Books, 1994), p. 197.
42.Don Peretz, Intifada: The Palestinian Uprising (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1990), p. 99.
43.Said, The Politics of Dispossession, p. 166.
44.Barry Rubin and Judith Colp Rubin, Yasir Arafat: A Political Biography (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003), p. 119.
45.Yizhar Be’er and Saleh ‘Abdel-Jawad, “Collaborators in the Occupied Territories: Human Rights Abuses and Violations,” B’Tselem, January 1994, www.btselem.org
/Download/199401_Collaboration_Suspects_Eng.doc.
46.Bard E. O’Neill, “The Intifada in the Context of Armed Struggle,” in The Intifadah: Its Impact on Israel, the Arab World and the Superpowers, ed. Robert O. Freedman (Miami: Florida International University Press, 1991), pp. 57–58.
47.Jamie Tarabay, “In Duel of Intelligence Services, Palestinians Hunt Down Informers,” Associated Press, August 21, 2001 (accessed via LexisNexis).
48.“December 14 Is a Historical Date in the Palestinian Struggle for Freedom,” Ezzedeen Al Qassam Brigades website, December 13, 2007, www.qassam.ps/news
-514-December_14_is_a_Historical_Date_in_the_Palestinian_Struggle_for_Free
dom.html.
49.Michel Jubran and Laura Drake, “The Islamic Fundamentalist Movement in the West Bank and Gaza Strip,” Middle East Policy 2, no. 2 (May 1993): 7.
50.Tessler, A History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, p. 722.
51.For full text, see www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/peace%20process/guide%20to%20the%20
peace%20process/declaration%20of%20principles.
Chapter 4 The Oslo Years
1.Said K. Aburish, Arafat: From Defender to Dictator (London: Bloomsbury, 1998), p. 275.
2.Hillel Frisch, “From Palestine Liberation Organization to Palestinian Authority: The Territorialization of ‘Neopatriarchy,’” in The PLO and Israel: From Armed Conflict to Political Solution, 1964–1994, ed. Avraham Sela and Moshe Ma’oz (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1997), pp. 56–57.
3.Interview with Aaron David Miller, Washington, DC, March 11, 2013.
4.Nathan J. Brown, Palestinian Politics After the Oslo Accords: Resuming Arab Palestine (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003), p. 8.
5.Rashid Khalidi, The Iron Cage: The Story of the Palestinian Struggle for Statehood (Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 2006), pp. 159, 174, 176.
6.Janet Wallach and John Wallach, Arafat: In the Eyes of the Beholder (New York: Carol Publishing Group, 1990), pp. 23–24.
7.Neil C. Livingstone and David Halevy, Inside the PLO: Covert Units, Secret Funds, and the War Against Israel and the United States (New York: Morrow, 1990), p. 169.
8.Brian Duffy, Richard Chesnoff, David Makovsky, Khaled Abu Toameh, Jihan El-Tahri, and Louise Lief, “Who Pays Arafat?” U.S. News & World Report, April 26, 1993, www.usnews.com/usnews/culture/articles/930426/archive_015023_print.htm.
9.Amos Perlmutter, “Arafat’s Police State,” Foreign Affairs 73, no. 4 (July–August, 1994): 8.
10.Interview with Dennis Ross, Washington, DC, April 19, 2013.
11.Khalidi, The Iron Cage, p. 143.
12.Ibid., pp. 143, 147.
13.Hillel Frisch, “Modern Absolutist or Neopatriarchal State Building? Customary Law, Extended Families and the Palestinian Authority,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 29, no. 3 (August 1997): 352.
14.Frisch, “From Palestine Liberation Organization to Palestinian Authority,” p. 67.
15.Central Elections Commission—Palestine, “The 1996 Presidential and Legislative Elections,” August 21, 2012, www.elections.ps/Portals/0/pdf/Resultselection1996
.pdf.
16.Interview with Dennis Ross, Washington, DC, April 19, 2013.
17.Interview with Aaron David Miller, Washington, DC, March 11, 2013.
18.Nathan J. Brown, The Palestinian Reform Agenda (Washington, DC: US Institute of Peace, 2002), p. 32; Samar Assad, “Arafat Ordered to Dissolve Cabinet,” Associated Press, July 31, 1997 (accessed via LexisNexis).
19.Said Ghazali, “Audit: Quarter Billion Dollars Lost to Corruption, Mismanagement,” Associated Press, May 24, 1997 (accessed via LexisNexis).
20.Brown, Palestinian Politics After the Oslo Accords, p. 4.
21.Ibid.
22.Stacey Lakind and Yigal Carmon, “The PA Economy (II),” The Middle East Media Research Institute, January 8, 1999, www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/256
.htm.
23.Matt Rees, “Where’s Arafat’s Money?” Time, November 14, 2004, www.time.com
/time/magazine/article/0,9171,782141,00.html.
24.Ronen Bergman and David Ratner, “The Man Who Swallowed Gaza,” Haaretz, April 4, 1997. Link no longer available. Excerpts here: www.israelbehindthenews
.com/bin/content.cgi?ID=573&q=1.
25.Ibid.
26.Ibid.
27.“ConGen Abington Remarks, USAID Grant to Palestinian Council,” US Embassy in Israel, February 4, 1997, www.usembassy-israel.org.il/publish/press/state
/archive/1997/february/sd20205.htm.
28.Marwan Bishara, “The Undeclared Palestinian Civil War,” Middle East Online, November 15, 2007, www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=23095.
29.“Clinton Should Press Arafat to Abolish State Security Courts,” Human Rights Watch, March 22, 1999, www.hrw.org/news/1999/03/21/clinton-should-press
-arafat-abolish-state-security-courts.
30.Brown, Palestinian Politics After the Oslo Accords, pp. 19, 41.
31.David Hirst, “Shameless in Gaza,” Guardian, April 21, 1997 (accessed via LexisNexis).
32.Vernon Silver, “Citigroup Banked for Arafat as He Paid Fighters,” Bloomberg, November 19, 2004, www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aKqaG
5RWlATQ&refer=us.
33.James Neuger, “EU Ends Probe of Palestinian Funds, Urges Better Safeguards,” Bloomberg, March 17, 2005, www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&
sid=a7CXuldTOYkg&refer=top_world_news.
34.“Strengthening Palestinian Public Institutions,” Council on Foreign Relations, 1999, www.pcpsr.org/domestic/strengtheningpalinstfull.pdf.
35.Brown, Palestinian Politics After the Oslo Accords, pp. 1–2.
36.Azmi Shuaibi, “Elements of Corruption in the Middle East and North Africa: The Palestinian Case,” paper presented at the 9th International Anti-Corruption Conference, October 1999, http://9iacc.org/papers/day1/ws5/dnld/d1ws5_ashuaibi.pdf.
37.Brown, Palestinian Politics After the Oslo Accords, p. 11.
38.David Hirst, “Arafat Hits Out at Dissidents,” Guardian, November 29, 1999, www.guardian.co.uk/world/1999/nov/30/davidhirst.
39.William A. Orme Jr., “Palestinian Investment Fund, No Longer Secret, Will Close,” New York Times, July 7, 2000, www.nytimes.com/2000/07/07/world/palestinian
-investment-fund-no-longer-secret-will-close.html.
40.Ibid.
41.Ibid.
42.“Camp David Summit, Chances for Reconciliation and Lasting Peace, Violence and Confrontations, Hierarchies of Priorities, and Domestic Politics,” Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research, July 27–29, 2000, www.pcpsr.org/survey
/polls/2000/p1a.html.
43.Brown, Palestinian Politics After the Oslo Accords, p. 14.
44.Khalidi, The Iron Cage, p. 149.
45.Interview with Dennis Ross, Washington, DC, April 19, 2013.
Chapter 5 The Al-Aqsa Intifada
1.Isabel Kershner, “One Step Away from Chaos,” Jerusalem Report, December 18, 2000 (accessed via LexisNexis).
2.“Palestinian Death Toll From Intifada Stands at 2,647: Official,” Agence France-Presse, August 13, 2003, www.miftah.org/PrinterF.cfm?DocId=2336.
3.Nathan J. Brown, Palestinian Politics After the Oslo Accords: Resuming Arab Palestine (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003), p. 43.
4.Arieh O’Sullivan, “IDF Warns PA Losing Control of Gaza Strip,” Jerusalem Post, November 19, 2001 (accessed via LexisNexis).
5.Sandra Cotenta, “Arafat’s Regime in Shambles,” Toronto Star, November 11, 2001.
6.Tom Rose, “Arafat’s Naval Adventure,” Weekly Standard, January 21, 2002, www
.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/000/773kvxmi.asp.
7.Daniel Sobleman, “Palestinian Writer Charges That PA Officials Are Leaving the Country,” Haaretz, September 5, 2001, www.imra.org.il/story.php3?id=8035.
8.“Suicide Bombing in the Beit Yisrael Neighborhood in Jerusalem,” Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, August 28, 2012, www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive
/2000_2009/2002/3/Suicide+bombing+in+the+Beit+Yisrael+neighborhood+i.htm.
9.Matthew Kalman, “Terrorist Says Orders Come from Arafat,” USA Today, March 14, 2002, www.usatoday.com/news/world/2002/03/14/usat-brigades.htm.
10.“The Involvement of Arafat, PA Senior Officials and Apparatuses in Terrorism Against Israel: Corruption and Crime,” Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, May 6, 2002, www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive/2000_2009/2002/5/The%20
Involvement%20of%20Arafat-%20PA%20Senior%20Officials%20and.
11.The Middle East Quartet, which is composed of the United Nations, the United States, the European Union, and Russia, was formed in 2002.
12.“Hamas, Fatah to Resume Ceasefire Talks Within Days: Palestinians,” Agence France-Presse, December 8, 2002 (accessed via LexisNexis).
13.“Members Accused by Hamas of Belonging to Fatah,” Asharq al-Awsat, December 6, 2002.
14.Lamia Lahoud, “Fatah Threatens Hamas in Leaflet,” Jerusalem Post, December 11, 2002 (accessed via LexisNexis).
15.Ronen Bergman, “Where Does the Money Go?,” Yediot Ahronot, November 10, 2000, www.israelbehindthenews.com/bin/content.cgi?ID=1043&q=1.
16.Lewis Dolinsky, “Notes From Here and There,” San Francisco Chronicle, December 20, 2000 (accessed via LexisNexis).
17.“The Mitchell Report, Cease Fire, and Return to Negotiations; Intifada and Armed Confrontations; Chances for Reconciliation; and, Internal Palestinian Conditions,” Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research, July 5–9, 2001, www.pcpsr.org
/survey/polls/2001/p2a.html.
18.“Palestinians Support the Ceasefire, Negotiations, and Reconciliation Between the Two Peoples but a Majority Opposes Arrests and Believe That Armed Confrontations Have Helped Achieve National Rights,” Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research, December 19–24, 2001, www.pcpsr.org/survey/polls/2001/p3a.html.
19.“Start Spreading the News,” Jerusalem Post, April 2, 2002 (accessed via LexisNexis).
20.“The Involvement of Arafat, PA Senior Officials and Apparatuses in Terrorism Against Israel: Corruption and Crime,” Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs, www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive/2000_2009/2002/5/The%20Involvement%20
of%20Arafat-%20PA%20Senior%20Officials%20and.
21.Ibid.
22.Ibid.
23.“Diplomats Say EU Knew Palestinians Misappropriated Cash to Finance Terrorism,” Independent Media Review Analysis, May 11, 2002, http://imra.org.il/story
.php3?id=11955.
24.Brown, Palestinian Politics After the Oslo Accords, pp. 115, 250.
25.Ibid., p. 251.
26.“While Sharply Divided Over the Ceasefire and Bombing Attacks Against Civilians, an Overwhelming Majority Supports Political Reform but Have Doubts About the PA’s Intentions to Implement It,” Palestinian Center for Policy and Survey Research, August 26, 2002, www.pcpsr.org/survey/polls/2002/p5epressrelease.html.
27.“Former PLO Finance Chief Flees to London: Palestinians,” Agence France-Presse, August 17, 2002 (accessed via LexisNexis).
28.Laurie Copans, “Ex-Aide Accuses Arafat of Corruption,” Associated Press, August 18, 2002 (accessed via LexisNexis).
29.Brown, Palestinian Politics After the Oslo Accords, p. 115.
Chapter 6 Fayyadism
1.Lee Hockstader, “Israeli Troops Move Into West Bank City; Ramallah Incursion Follows Arafat’s Announcement of a New, Smaller Cabinet,” Washington Post, June 10, 2002 (accessed via LexisNexis); James Bennet, “Palestinian Assets ‘a Mess,’ Official Says,” New York Times, March 1, 2003, www.nytimes.com/2003/03/01
/world/palestinian-assets-a-mess-official-says.html.
2.Email correspondence with James Prince, February 21, 2013.
3.Interview with James Prince, Los Angeles, CA, November 14, 2012.
4.Ibid.
5.Issam Abu Issa, “Arafat’s Swiss Bank Account,” Middle East Quarterly 11, no. 4 (Fall 2004), www.meforum.org/645/arafats-swiss-bank-account.
6.Email correspondence with James Prince, February 21, 2013.
7.Issam Abu Issa, “Arafat’s Swiss Bank Account.”
8.Email correspondence with James Prince, February 21, 2013.
9.Janine Zacharia, “Bush Touts New PA Finance Minister,” Jerusalem Post, May 31, 2002 (accessed via LexisNexis).
10.Robert Satloff, “Karine-A: The Strategic Implications of Iranian-Palestinian Collusion,” Washington Institute for Near East Policy, Policywatch 593, January 15,
2002, www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/karine-a-the-strategic-im
plications-of-iranian-palestinian-collusion.
11.Interview with Elliott Abrams, Washington, DC, March 8, 2013.
12.Interview with Dennis Ross, Washington, DC, April 19, 2013.
13.“Start Spreading the News,” Jerusalem Post, April 2, 2002 (accessed via Lexis
Nexis).
14.“The Involvement of Arafat, PA Senior Officials and Apparatuses in Terrorism Against Israel: Corruption and Crime,” Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, May 6, 2002, www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive/2000_2009/2002/5/The%20
Involvement%20of%2
0Arafat-%20PA%20Senior%20Officials%20and.
15.Ben Caspit, “The $300 Million Affair: How a Former Senior General Security Service Official Set Up Arafat’s Secret Financial Empire,”Maariv, December 2, 2002, www.memri.org/report/en/print783.htm.
16.See Uzrad Lew, Inside Arafat’s Pocket (Or Yehuda, Israel: Kinneret Zmora-Bitan Divir Publishing House, 2005).
17.Interview with Uzrad Lew, Los Angeles, CA, November 13, 2012.
18.Serge Schmemann, “An Arafat Aide Blames Hamas for Thwarting Efforts to Form a Palestinian Unity Platform,” New York Times, August 16, 2002, www.nytimes
.com/2002/08/16/world/arafat-aide-blames-hamas-for-thwarting-efforts-form
-palestinian-unity-platform.html.
19.Khaled Abu Toameh, “Abbas ‘Feels He’s Above the Law,’ Charges Dahlan,” Jerusalem Post, July 31, 2011, www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=231686.
20.Email correspondence with James Prince, February 21, 2013.
21.Ben Lynfield, “The Palestinians’ Fiscal Fighter,” Christian Science Monitor, August 20, 2002, www.csmonitor.com/2002/0820/p06s01-wome.html.
22.“Letter From PA President Abbas to the Secretary Concerning Legal Action Against the Palestine Investment Fund,” Wikileaks, December 7, 2006, http://wikileaks.org
/cable/2006/12/06JERUSALEM4915.html.
23.Email correspondence with James Prince, February 21, 2013.
24.Interview with James Prince, Los Angeles, CA, November 14, 2012.
25.Vernon Silver, “Arafat’s Investments Included Dotcoms, New York Bowling Alley,” Bloomberg, December 21, 2004, www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=news
archive&sid=ag2fQ5pMZXc8&refer=uk.
26.“About the Palestine Investment Fund,” Palestine Investment Fund, September 9, 2011, www.pif.ps/index.php?lang=en&page=124402202521.
27.Steven Weisman, “U.S. Presses Mideast and Europe to Reduce Ties to Arafat,” New York Times, April 26, 2003, www.nytimes.com/2003/04/26/world/us-presses
-mideast-and-europe-to-reduce-ties-to-arafat.html.
28.Ibid.
29.“Fayyad and Al-Wazir on PA’s Current and Future,” Wikileaks, February 24, 2006, http://wikileaks.org/cable/2006/02/06JERUSALEM802.html.
30.Mathew Kalman, “Professor Tackles Cleanup of Palestinian Corruption: Palestinian Authority’s Finance Minister Believes in Democracy, Transparency,” Vancouver Sun, February 22, 2003 (accessed via LexisNexis).
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