16. Mustafa, Harb Haziran, pp. 16-18. Darraz, Dubbat Yunyu Yatakallamun, pp. 34-48. Hussein, My “War” with Israel, pp. 60-64. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, pp. 116-17, 125-26. Kamm, Hussein Poteah be-Milhama (Abu Nawwar quote), p. 142. Col. Ephraim Kamm, “Haf’alat ha-Zira ha-Mizrahit be-Milhemet Sheshet ha-Yamim,”Ma’arakhot 325 (June 1992), pp. 16-17. El Edroos, The Hashemite Arab Army, p. 379. Israel Intelligence Library, Internal Jordanian Army Papers: Series of Events on the Jordanian Front, June, 1967. Oral history interview with ‘Awad Bashir Khalidi, Nov. 17, 1999; with Shafiq ‘Ujeilat, Nov. 17, 1999; with Yusuf Khawwash, Nov. 16, 1999.
17. LBJ, National Security files, NSC Histories, Middle East Crisis, box 23: Amman to the Secretary of State, June 5, 1967. ISA, 4078/7, Foreign Ministry files, Contacts with the United States with the Entry of Egyptian Forces into Tiran: Evron to Foreign Ministry, June 5, 1967 (Hussein quote to American ambassador). O’Balance, The Third Arab-Israeli War, p. 181 (another version of Hussein’s response). Israel Intelligence Library, Internal Jordanian Army Papers: Sequence of Events on the Jordanian Front, June, 1967. Hussein, My “War” with Israel, pp. 64-65, 71 (Nasser quote). Rabin, Memoirs, p. 188. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, pp. 123, 130. Dann, King Hussein and the Challenge of Arab Radicalism, p. 163.
18. IDF 901/67/1 Central Command: The Six-Day War, Concluding Discussion 1: Testimony of Col. Reuben Davidi, artillery corps, p. 64. PRO FCO17/576: Israel - Defense: Report of Air Attaché, July 13, 1967. LBJ, National Security Council files, History of the Middle East Crisis, box 18: McPherson to the President, June 11, 1967; NSC Histories, Middle East Crisis, box 17: Amman to the Secretary of State, June 5, 1967 (remark of Soviet ambassador). Mustafa, Harb Haziran, pp. 40-41, 264-65. Mayzel, Ha-Ma’arakha al ha-Golan, p. 194. Schiff, Tzahal be-Hailo, pp. 104-5. Yanay, No Margin for Error, pp. 249-50. Dayan, My Life, p. 353. Orders to Jordanian commanders in Kamm, Hussein Poteah be-Milhama, pp. 188, 195.
19. USNA, Central Foreign Policy files, 1967-1969, POL 27-7 ARAB-ISR, box 1830: Jerusalem to Department of State, June 5, 1967. Rabinovich, The Battle for Jerusalem, pp. 151, 352. Teddy Kollek, For Jerusalem, pp. 190-91. Bull, War and Peace in the Middle East, p. 113. PRO, FO 17/489, Israel - Political Affairs: Jerualem to Foreign Office, June 5, 1967. Ammunition Hill Archive, Museum of the Tourjeman Post: Interview with Eliezer Amitai, n.d. Amitai quote from IDF, IDF 901/67/1 Central Command: The Six-Day War, Concluding Discussion 1, p. 43.
20. Baron, Hotam Ishi, pp. 56-57. Dayan, My Life, pp. 358-59. Hammel, Six Days in June, p. 295. On the continued flow of French arms to Israel, see LBJ National Security file, Middle East Crisis, box 104, 107: Paris to the Department of State, June 8, 1967. PRO, PREM 13 1620, Middle East Crisis: Paris to Foreign Office, June 9, 1967.
21. PRO, FCO 17/275: Amman to Foreign Ministry, Air Attaché’s Report on the Jordan-Israel Battles, June 5, 1967; FCO 17/490, Israel - Political Affairs: Report of the Air Attaché, July 13, 1967. Israel Intelligence Library, Internal Jordanian Army Papers: Sequence of Events on the Jordanian Front, June 1967. Hussein, My “War” with Israel, pp. 72-73, 111. Mustafa, Harb Haziran, pp. 9-12. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, pp. 125-26. Dayan, My Life, pp. 353-54. Yanay, No Margin for Error, pp. 253-54. Mayzel, Ha-Ma’arakha al ha-Golan, p. 50. Kamm, Hussein Poteah be-Milhama, p. 196. Bull, War and Peace in the Middle East, p. 112. O’Balance, The Third Arab-Israeli War, pp. 69-71. Tal quote from Al-Shuqayri, Mudhakkirat 5, pp. 279-80.
22. Rabinovich, The Battle for Jerusalem, p. 97. Quote from Ari Milstein, “Ha-Til she-Haras et Emdot ha-Ligion,”Bamahane 34 (May, 1977). Ben-Or quote from Schiff, Tzahal be-Hailo, pp. 102-3.
23. Gilboa, Shesh Shanim, Shisha Yamim, p. 222. Zak, Hussein Ose Shalom, p. 110 (Beiberman and Jum’a quotes). Dome of the Rock announcement in Rabinovich, The Battle for Jerusalem, p. 117.
24. El Edroos, The Hashemite Arab Army, p. 374. Oral history interview with Badi ‘Awad, Nov. 21, 1999. Bull’s protest appears in UN, DAG 13 3.4.0: 84: Chairman IJMAC to Chief of Staff UNTSO, May 11, 1967.
25. Israel Intelligence Library, Internal Jordanian Army Papers: Sequence of Events on the Jordanian Front, June, 1967. Bull, War and Peace in the Middle East, pp. 114-15. De Carvalho quote from Life: Special Edition - Israel’s Swift Victory (1967), p. 50. Narkiss quote from IDF, 901/67/1 Central Command: The Six-Day War, Concluding Discussion 1; 192/74/1076 Round Table Discussion on the Liberation of Jerusalem, n.d. Rabinovich, The Battle for Jerusalem, pp. 116-22. Hammel, Six Days in June, pp. 293-94. Dupuy, Elusive Victory, p. 294. Michael Shashar, Milhemet ha-Yom ha-Shvi’i: Yoman ha-Mimshal ha-Tzvai be-Yehuda ve-Shomron (Tel Aviv: Hoza’at Poalim, 1997), p. 133.
26. IDF, Central Command: The Six-Day War, Concluding Discussion 2, p. 29. Baron, Hotam Ishi, pp. 56-58. Narkiss, Soldier of Jerusalem, pp. 203-6. Bartov, Dado, p. 97. Hammel, Six Days in June, pp. 307-8, 362-66. Mayzel, Ha-Ma’arakha al ha-Golan, p. 196. Mustafa, Harb Haziran 1967, pp. 279-81. Dupuy, Elusive Victory, p. 294. All quotes from Haber, Ha-Yom Tifrotz Milhama, pp. 227-28. Oral history interview with Rehavam Ze’evi, Sept. 9, 2001.
27. IDF, 901/67/1 Central Command: The Six-Day War, Concluding Discussion 2, pp. 43-44; 192/74/1076 Round Table Discussion on the Liberation of Jerusalem, n.d., p. 49 (Dreizin quote). ISA, Foreign Ministry files, 4086/1: Government House, Foreign Ministry to New York, June 6, 1967. Slater, Rabin of Israel, p. 135. Narkiss, Soldier of Jerusalem, pp. 206-7. U Thant, View from the UN, p. 255. Hammel, Six Days in June, pp. 300-304. Rabinovich, The Battle for Jerusalem, pp. 123-31, 138-48. Dupuy, Elusive Victory, pp. 294-95. Oral history interview with Rafi Benvenisti, Jan. 1, 1999; with ‘Ata ‘Ali, Nov. 18, 1999.
28. Hammel, Six Days in June, pp. 84-85, 117. Rabinovich, The Battle for Jerusalem, pp. 49-50. IDF, 901/67/1 Central Command: The Six-Day War, Concluding Discussion 2, pp. 5, 76; 192/74/1076 Round Table Discussion on the Liberation of Jerusalem, n.d., p. 50 (Gal quote); 901/67/ Central Command: The Six-Day War, Concluding Discussion 2, p. 39 (Ben-Ari quote). Israel Intelligence Library, Internal Jordanian Army Papers: Sequence of Events on the Jordanian Front, June, 1967. Motta Gur, Har ha-Bayyit be-Yadeinu!: Kravot ha-Tzanhanim be-Yerushalayim be-MilhemetSheshet ha-Yamim (Tel Aviv: Ma’arakhot, 1974), pp. 53-54 (Gur quote), 75-80. Oral history interview with Shimon Kahaner, Oct. 18, 2000.
29. IDF 901/67/1 Central Command: The Six-Day War, Concluding Discussion 2, p. 40 (Ben-Ari quote); 192/74/1076 Round Table Discussion on the Liberation of Jerusalem, n.d., p. 57 (Gal quote). Hammel, Six Days in June, pp. 315-18. Rabinovich, The Battle for Jerusalem, pp. 195-96. El Edroos, The Hashemite Arab Army, p. 377.
30. Elad quoted in El Edroos, The Hashemite Arab Army, p. 384. Ami Shamir, “Im ha-Koah she-Ala al Jenin,”Lamerhav, no. 3014 (June 8, 1967), p. 4. Eitan Haber and Ze’ev Schiff, eds., Lexicon le-Bithon Yisrael (Tel Aviv: Mahadurat Davar, 1976), p. 423. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, pp. 116-17. Kamm, Hussein Poteah be-Milhama, pp. 205-6, 303. Hussein, My “War” with Israel, pp. 76-78. Mustafa, Harb Haziran 1967, pp. 279-81. Moshe Bar Kokhva, Merkavot ha-Plada (Tel Aviv: Ma’arakhot, 1989), pp. 151-52. Interview with ‘Awad Bashir Khalidi, Nov. 17, 1999.
31. IDF, Central Command: The Six-Day War, Concluding Discussion 2, pp. 29-40. Israel Intelligence Library, Internal Jordanian Army Papers: Sequence of Events on the Jordanian Front, June, 1967. Kamm, “Haf’alat Hazira ha-Mizrachit be-Milhemet Sheshet ha-Yamim,” p. 21; Hussein Poteah be-Milhama, pp. 190-92. Sadiq al-Shara‘, Hurubuna ma’a Isra’il (Amman: Dar al-Shuruq lil-Nashr wal-Tawzi‘, 1997), p. 491. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, pp. 76-78, 135. Hussein, My “War” with Israel, pp. 76-78. Mustafa, Harb Haziran 1967, pp. 279-81. Hammel, Six Days in June, pp. 362-66. Dupuy, Elusive Victory, pp. 309-11. Bar Kokhva, Merkavot ha-Plada, pp. 152-67.
32. USNA Central Foreign Policy files, 1967-1969, POL 12 SY, box 2511: Beirut to State Department, June 19, 1967. LBJ, National Security file, NSC Histories, Middle East Crisis, box 23: Damascus to the Secretary of State, June 5, 1967. PRO, FO 17/490, Israel - Political Affairs: Damascus to Foreign Ministry, June 5, 1967. S
chiff, Tzahal be-Hailo, p. 108. Yanay, No Margin for Error, pp. 253-54. Dayan, My Life, pp. 353-54. O’Balance, The Third Arab-Israeli War, pp. 61-62. Mayzel, Ha-Ma’arakha al ha-Golan, p. 197. Hame’iri, Mi-Shnei Evrei ha-Rama, pp. 66-67. Mustafa, Harb Haziran 1967, pp. 142-45, 270-71. Al-‘Ilmi, Harb ‘Am 1967, pp. 190-91.
33. Mustafa, Harb Haziran 1967, pp. 184-85. PRO, FO 17/490, Israel - Political Affairs: Damascus to Foreign Ministry, June 5, 1967. Israel Intelligence Library: Internal Syrian Army Papers: The Southwestern Front, June 29, 1967; The Six Day War, file 1, Syria, Defense Ministry Document No. 25/3 to Col. Ahmad al-Amir Mahmud, commander of the 12th Brigade Attack Group, June 5, 1967. Baron, Hotam Ishi, p. 58. Bartov, Dado, p. 96. Draper, Israel & World Politics, p. 114. David Dayan, Me-Hermon ad Suez: Korot Milhemet Sheshet ha-Yamim (Ramat Gan: Masada Press, 1967), pp. 202-5. Khalil, Suqut al-Julan, pp. 139-41. Mustafa Tlas, Mir’at Hayati, (Damascus: Tlasdar, 1995), pp. 854-55. Atassi quote from Khouri, Al-Watha’iq al-Filastiniyya, p. 292. Assad quote from Hame’iri, Mi-Shnei Evrei ha-Rama, pp. 69-70.
34. Baron, Hotam Ishi, p. 58. Dayan, My Life, p. 375. YAD, Ramat Efal, Israel: Remarks by Matti Mayzel, June 20, 1966. Mayzel, Ha-Ma’arakha al ha-Golan, pp. 196-200.
35. LBJ, National Security file, History of the Middle East Conflict, box 18: Walt Rostow’s Recollections of June 5, 1967 Security Council Meeting, Nov 17, 1968; box 19: Daily Brief for the President, June 5, 1967; box 20: United States Policy and Diplomacy in the Middle East Crisis, May 15-June 10, 1967, pp. 106-108; NSC Histories, Middle East Crisis, box 23: Circular, All American Diplomatic Posts, June 5, 1967; box 18: Memorandum for the Record, “Who Fired the First Shot?” Dec. 19, 1968. USNA, Middle East Crisis files, 1967, Chronology, box 8: Tel Aviv to the Secretary of State, June 5, 1967; box 17: The President in the Middle East Crisis, Dec. 19, 1968 (“All HELL broke lose”); box 21: Memorandum for Mr. W.W. Rostow (Davis), June 5, 1967; Arab-Israeli Situation Report, June 5, 1967 (“reduced by a coefficient of ten”). Quandt, Peace Process, p. 520, ft. 5. Oral history interview with Robert McNamara, Feb. 11, 2000. Johnson quote from Johnson, Vantage Point, p. 297. Rusk quote from Rusk, As I Saw It, pp. 386-87.
36. LBJ: National Security file, History of the Middle East Crisis, box 19: Kosygin to Johnson, June 5, 1967; Rusk to Gromyko, June 5, 1967; Johnson to Kosygin, June 5, 1967. PRO, FO 17/490, Israel - Political Affairs: Washington to Foreign Ministry, June 5, 1967. USNA, Middle East Crisis files, 1967, Situation Reports, box 13: Chronology of U.S.-USSR Consultations on the Middle East, May 18 - June 10, 1967. PRO, FO 17/490, Israel - Political Affairs, Washington to Foreign Office, June 5, 1967. Johnson and McNamara quotes from Johnson, The Vantage Point, p. 287, and Robert S. McNamara, In Retrospect: The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam (New York: Times Books, 1995), pp. 278-79. Quandt, Peace Process, pp. 50-51. Alvin Z. Rubinstein, Red Star on the Nile, pp. 9-10. Johnson message to Eshkol in Eban, Personal Witness, p. 409.
37. USNA, Middle East Crisis, Chronology June 4th - 7th, box 15: Tel Aviv to Department of State, June 5, 1967; Memorandum for the Middle East Task Force, May 29, 1967 (Rostow quote). LBJ, National Security file, National Security Council Histories, Middle East Crisis, 1967, 1, box 17: Saunders to Rostow, May 15, 1967; The President in the Middle East Crisis, Dec. 19, 1968 (Walt Rostow quote); History of the Middle East Conflict, box 18: Walt Rostow’s Recollections of June 5, 1967 Security Council Meeting, Nov 17, 1968; Tel Aviv to the Department of State, June 5, 1967; Memos to the President (W. Rostow), box 17: Rostow to the President, June 5, 1967. PRO, FO 17/490, Israel - Political Affairs: Rostow to Certain Embassies, June 5, 1967.
38. USNA, Summary of MEDAC, box 13: Rusk to Johnson, June 5, 1967; Middle East Crisis files, 1967, box 2: Nairobi to the Department of State, June 5, 1967 (see also cables from Tokyo, Adis Ababa, and Lisbon); Central Foreign Policy files, 1967-1969, POL 12 SY, box 2511 Beirut to the Department of State, June 5, 1967. LBJ, National Security file, The Middle East Crisis, box 20: United States Policy and Diplomacy in the Middle East Crisis, May 15-June 10, 1967, pp. 112-18; History of the Middle East Crisis, box 18: Califano to Johnson, June 5, 1967; White House Communiqué, June 5, 1967; NSC Histories, Middle East Crisis, box 21: Arab-Israeli Situation Report, June 6, 1967; box 23: Circular, All American Diplomatic Posts, June 5, 1967; Circular, London to Washington, June 5, 1967. Rikhye, Sinai Blunder, pp. 99-100. Draper, Israel & World Politics, p. 111.
39. PRO, FO, 7/490, Israel - Political Affairs, New York to Foreign Ministry, June 5, 1967 (Egyptian complaint to the Security Council). ISA, 4086/4, Foreign Ministry files, Security Council Meetings, Eban to Levavi, June 5, 1967. LBJ, National Security file, NSC Histories, Middle East Crisis, box 23: USUN to the Secretary of State, June 5, 1967. UN, DAG 1/5.2.2.1.2-2 El Kony to the Secretary-General, June 5, 1967. U Thant, View from the UN, pp. 253-54 (Bunche quote). Lall, The UN and the Middle East Crisis, pp. 46-50. Rafael, Destination Peace, pp. 154-55. El Kony quote in Shevchenko, Breaking with Moscow, p. 133. Oral history interview with George Tomeh, Nov. 17, 1999; with Dr. Muhammad al-Farra, Nov. 16, 1999.
40. LBJ, National Security file, History of the Middle East Crisis, box 17: W. Rostow to the President, May 26, 1967; Arthur J. Goldberg Oral History, pp. 20-21; Eugenie Moore Anderson Oral History, p. 34; box 20: United States Policy and Diplomacy in the Middle East Crisis, May 15-June 10, 1967, p. 109. ISA, Foreign Ministry files, 3979/10, Goldberg: Evron to Bitan. March 2, 1967. Donovan, Six Days in June, pp. 100-101. For a general biography of Goldberg, see David L. Stebenne, Arthur J. Goldberg: New Deal Liberal (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996).
41. LBJ, National Security file, NSC Histories, Middle East Crisis, box 20: The Cease-Fire Negotiations in New York, Nov. 7, 1968; box 21: State of Play in New York (Davis), May 26, 1967; Report by Bureau of International Organizations Affairs (Arthur Day), n.d; Arthur J. Goldberg Oral History, p. 17. PRO, FCO 17/494, Israel-Political Affairs: Hayman Minute, June 5, 1967. Lall, The UN and the Middle East Crisis, pp. 50-59. Wilson, The Chariot of Israel, pp. 348-50. Federenko quote from Dagan, Moscow and Jerusalem, pp. 228-29.
42. ISA, 4086/4, Foreign Ministry files, Security Council Meetings: Eban to Rafael, June 5, 1967.
43. IDF, 522/69/212: General Operations Survey, n.d. Hammel, Six Days in June, pp. 232-40. Dupuy, Elusive Victory, pp. 259-61. Sharon, Warrior, pp. 189, 191. O’Balance, The Third Arab-Israeli War, pp. 124-26. Egyptian Military Orders in Khouri, Al-Watha’iq al-Filastiniyya, pp. 314-15. Bahgat quote in Darraz, Dubbat Yunyu Yatakallamun, pp. 81-82. Murtagi, Al-Fariq Murtagi Yarwi al-Haqa’iq, p. 62.
44. Most of the UNEF casualties were members of the Indian contingent caught in an Israeli artillery barrage. India protested the action. See Mansoor, Arab World, entry for June 5. Yahya Sa’ad Basha’s testimony appears in Darraz, Dubbat Yunyu Yatakallamun, pp. 49-54. Baron, Hotam Ishi, pp. 50-52. Teveth, The Tanks of Tammuz, pp. 194-95. Oral history interview with Rafael Eytan, Feb. 24, 1999. IDF, 1977/71786: The Regular Paratrooper Brigade in the Six Day War, Commander 35th Brigade (Eytan quote); 717/77, file 86: Battle for the Southern Front, 375 (description of the al-‘Arish battle).
45. LBJ National Security file, box 104, 107. Middle East Crises Joint Embassy Memorandum, June 5, 1967. Israel Intelligence Library, Internal Jordanian Army Papers: Sequence of Events on the Jordanian Front, June, 1967. Mustafa, Harb Haziran, pp. 80-84. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, pp. 125-26. Al-Watha’iq al-Urduniyya, 1967 (Amman: Da’irat al-Matbu‘at wal-Nashr, 1967), pp. 491-92. Hammel, Six Days in June, pp. 362-66. Kamm, Hussein Poteah be-Milhama, pp. 189-97 (‘Ajluni quote on pp. 192-93). Dupuy, Elusive Victory, pp. 308-9. ‘Alayyan quote in El Edroos, The Hashemite Arab Army, p. 386. Israeli official history quote in Yosef Eshkol, ed., Milhemet Sheshet ha-Yamim (Tel Aviv, Misrad ha-Bitahon, 1967), p. 85. YAD, interview with Ephraim Reiner, June 20, 1996.
46. IDF, Central Command: The Six-Day War, Concluding Report, Part B, pp. 3, 32. Kamm, Hussein Poteah be-Milhama, p. 150. Dupuy, Elusive Victory, pp. 295-97. PRO, FCO 17/493, Israel-Political Affairs: Foreign Office to Am
man, June 7, 1967. Hammel, Six Days in June, p. 361. Rabinovich, The Battle for Jerusalem, pp. 188-93. ‘Awda and Imam, Al-Naksa—Man al-Mas’ul?, pp. 117-31. Marsi testimony appears in Darraz, Dubbat Yunyu Yatakallamun, pp. 34-48. Bar-Lev quote from Haber, Ha-Yom Tifrotz Milhama, p. 228. Gur quote from Gur, Har ha-Bayyit be-Yadeinu!, pp. 58-59, 86-89. Oral history interview with Muhammad Fallah al-Fayiz, Nov. 21, 1999.
47. Mustafa, Harb Haziran, pp. 57-58, 71-74. Israel Intelligence Library, Internal Jordanian Army Papers: Sequence of Events on the Jordanian Front, June, 1967. Oral history interview with ‘Ata ‘Ali, Nov. 18, 1999. Mutawi, Jordan in the 1967 War, p. 132. Dupuy, Elusive Victory, pp. 292-96. Hammel, Six Days in June, pp. 300, 309-10. El Edroos, The Hashemite Arab Army, pp. 379-80.
48. For Eshkol’s reply to Allon and Begin, see Ammunition Hill Archive, Begin to Motta Gur, June 15, 1992. Zak, Hussein Ose Shalom, p. 110. Hussein, My “War” with Israel, p. 73. Benziman, Ir lelo Homa, pp. 13-14. Nadav Shragai, Har ha-Meriva: Ha-Ma’avak al Har ha-Bayyit, Yehudim ve-Muslemim, Dat ve-Politika Meaz 1967 (Jerusalem: Keter, 1995), pp. 18-20. Lior quote in Haber, Ha-Yom Tifrotz Milhama, p. 228.
Six Days of War Page 64
