259–64, 270, 287, 289
structure of his work, 255
and Aristobulus, 194
and Thucydides, 257–8
and Callisthenes, 193
and Xenophon, 257
and Darius III, king of Persia, 261–3
Apollonius of Rhodes, 132, 140
on the degeneration of Alexander,
archē (rule, power, empire, leadership)
262–3, 264
theme
and Diodorus Siculus, 259, 263
in Appian, 258
divine causation, 260–261, 262, 263
in Dio Cassius, 266
and Hadrian, 259–60, 263–4
in Diodorus Siculus, 244
and the hero Achilles, 261
in Dionysius of Halicarnassus,
and the hero Protesilaus, 261
246–7, 282, 286
and Herodotus, 260, 261, 262,
in Herodian, 269
263, 264
in Herodotus, 40, 42, 44, 45, 46,
and Homer, 261–2, 263
47, 49, 50, 284
imperial Roman themes, 262,
in Josephus, 252
263–4
in the Oxyrhynchus historian,
Indica (History of India), 45, 260
173, 174
kratos (power, might) theme, 263
Index
319
oracles in, 262, 263
causation, 8, 278, 280, 284, 285–6,
and Posidonius, 263
289–90 see also divine
and Ptolemy Soter, 192–3
causation, fate, and under
seers, 263
individual authors
speeches, 250
in Appian, 259
Stoicism, 259, 263, 284
in Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 247
and Thucydides, 260
in Herodotus, 29, 31
utility of Anabasis, 260–261
in Polybius, 200, 207–8, 209, 278
wonders, 263
in Timaeus, 198
and Xenophon, 260–261
in Thucydides, 103
Athenaeus, 165, 180, 194, 240
Champion, Craig, 205, 209–10
Atthidographers, 169–70, 277, 295
character, 162–3, 165, 200, 235, 289
see also Androtion, Cleidemus,
in Aristotle, 161, 165
Hellanicus, Philochorus
in Arrian, 264
Atossa, wife of Darius I, 45, 53
in Diodorus Siculus, 242, 243, 244
in Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 163,
Bacchylides, poet, 14
246–7
barbarians see non–Greeks
in Duris, 164
bias in historical writing, 3, 5, 6–7,
in Ephorus, 179
12, 14, 15–16, 162
in Homer, 7
in Aristobulus, 193
in Herodotus, 31, 35, 46, 57–8,
in Ephorus, 177, 179
64, 66, 277
in Herodotus, 27, 33, 268
individuals, 77, 105, 138, 145,
in Josephus, 250, 251, 253
148, 151, 174, 182, 199,
in the Oxyrhynchus historian, 172
209–13, 222, 228, 231, 254,
in Philistus, 196
264, 279, 283, 287
in Polybius, 205–6, 219, 229–30
in Josephus, 254, 287
in Theopompus, 182
in the Oxyrhynchus historian, 174
in Thucydides, 103, 268
in Polybius, 205, 208, 209–13,
in Timaeus, 198, 229–30
218, 220, 222, 223, 224,
in Xenophon, 143, 172
225–7, 228, 231, 283, 287
Bleckman, B., 170
states and ethnicities, 46, 57–8, 64,
66, 79, 86, 89–90, 93, 102–3,
Callinus of Ephesus, 12
107, 109, 114–15, 118–19,
Callisthenes of Olynthus, historian,
179, 208, 209–13, 218, 220,
191–3, 194
223, 224, 225–7, 246–7, 283,
divine causation in, 192
286, 287
and Polybius, 230
in Theopompus, 182, 183–6
Callisthenes, Pseudo–historian, 259
in Thucydides, 75–6, 77, 79, 86, 87,
catalogue of forces
89–90, 93, 102–3, 105, 107,
in Ephorus, 179
109, 114–15, 118–19, 243, 286
in Herodotus, 55–7
in Timaeus, 199
in Thucydides, 115
in Xenophon, 133, 138, 145, 148,
in Xenophon, 136–7
151, 157, 279, 287
320 Index
Cicero, 183, 197, 199, 238, 239
Dio Cassius, 237, 265–7, 270–271, 299
Cleidemus (Cleitodemus),
on Agrippa, M. Vipsanius, 266, 267
Atthidographer, 169
on Alexander the Great, 267
Connor, W. R., 4, 102, 183
and Appian, 266
Corax and Tisias, rhetoricians, 16
archē motif, 266
Cratippus of Athens, historian, 162,
on Caracalla, 267
168, 174–5
on Commodus, 267
and the Oxyrhynchus historian,
divine causation, 266
170–171, 174
dunamis (power) theme, 282
speeches, lack of in his work, 174
and Herodotus, 267
and Thucydides, 174–5
human nature, view of, 266
Ctesias of Cnidus, historian, 177
and Josephus, 250
Cyrus II (the Great), king of Persia, 20
and Maecenas, 266, 267
and Alexander the Great, 193
on monarchy, 266–7
in Herodotus, 30, 31, 36, 38, 40,
on Octavian (Augustus), 266, 267
41–2, 44, 45, 65
power motif, 266, 267
in Josephus, 253
senatorial bias, 267
Cyrus, brother of Persian King
and Septimius Severus, 265, 267
Artaxerxes II
and Severus Alexander, 265
in Xenophon, 126–8, 129, 130,
speeches, 266, 267, 280
131, 132, 135–7, 139, 146–7,
summaries (epitomes) of his work,
151, 278, 281, 287, 288
ancient, 265
and Thucydides, 266–7, 282, 283
Darius I, king of Persia, 45–8, 50–53,
use of the annals ( Annales maximi),
58, 65
265
Darius II, king of Persia, 146
use of Livy, 265
Darius III, king of Persia, 135, 193,
use of Polybius, 265
261–3
Diodorus Siculus, historian, 191, 195,
Delphi, site and oracle, 9, 36, 40, 49, 58,
237, 238, 239, 241–5, 271,
60, 127, 152, 155, 192, 239, 284
297–8
Dexippus, Publius Herennius,
and Appian, 257
historian, 270
and Arrian, 259, 263
digressions in the narrative, 5, 165,
didactic function of his work, 242
276, 279
divine causation, 242
in Appian, 257, 259
and Ephorus, 176, 177, 178
in Arrian, 262, 264
and human character, 242
in Dio Cassius, 265
imperial power, theme of,
in Herodotus, 31, 34–5, 41, 45,
242–5, 281
48–9, 51, 53, 66, 69, 77, 91
legacy in late antiquity, 270
in Polybius, 207, 208, 222, 224–7,
and Malalas, Ioannes, 270
233
on non–Greeks, 289
in Theopompus, 184, 185
in the Oxyrhynchus historian, 172
in Thucydides, 75, 77, 78, 91–2,
speeches, 243, 280
94, 95, 108, 110–112, 120
Stoicism of, 284
in Xenophon, 136, 140
structure of his work, 241–2
Index
321
and Thucydides, 242–3
and Diodorus, 241–3
and Timaeus, 197, 199
and Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 248
Dionysius I, tyrant of Syracuse, 196–8
and John of Antioch, 270
Dionysius II, tyrant of Syracuse, 196
and Malalas, Ioannes, 270
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 237, 246–8,
and Nicholaus of Damascus, 245
270–271, 282, 289, 298
and the Oxyrhynchus historian, 172
on causation, 246–7
and Theopompus, 180
on the didactic function of history,
Eumelus of Corinth, poet, 13
129, 289
Eunapius of Sardis, historian, 270
and Diodorus Siculus, 244
Eusebius of Caesarea, historian, 270
on Ephorus, 180
and Fabius Pictor, 239–40
Fabius Pictor, historian, 237, 239–40,
on Herodotus, 26–7
271, 276, 297
on historians before Thucydides,
and Diocles of Peparethus, 239–40
17–18
and Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 240
and historians of western Greece, 196
and Polybius, 208, 221, 223,
and Josephus, 250, 253
239–40
on mimēsis, 163, 165–6
and Timaeus, 239
on the nature of the Greeks, 247
fate, 281, 283, 284–5 see also divine
on Philistus of Syracuse, 196–7
causation, oracles, tychē, and
on Phylarchus of Athens, 165
under individual historians
and Posidonius, 240
in Appian, 258
on power, 246–8, 282, 286
in Arrian, 263
on Theopompus, 184–5
in Diodorus Siculus, 244
on Thucydides, 69, 246
in Herclitus, 186
divine causation, 284–5 see also
in Herodotus, 37, 39–41, 50,
causation, fate, oracles,
55, 66
seers, and under individual
in Polybius, 204, 206, 208, 234
authors
and Stoicism, 168
Dumézil, G., 47
in Thucydides, 102, 106, 114, 120
dunamis (power) theme, 38, 282
in Xenophon, 132, 134, 140,
in Dio Cassius, 282
149, 157
in Herodotus, 42–3, 45–46, 47, 54, Flower, M., 184, 185
57, 62, 282
in Polybius, 225
genres, literary, and historiography
in Theopompus, 183
biography, 7, 10, 27, 71, 129,
in Thucydides, 78–82, 94–5, 96,
160, 169, 181, 190, 238,
98, 100, 104, 282
245, 248–9, 250, 259,
Duris, tyrant of Samos and historian,
260–261, 279
163–4, 165
drama (tragedy), 2, 8, 14–15, 22,
and Ephorus, 178
27, 35, 41, 55, 66, 70, 73–4,
in Xenophon, 154, 282
77, 128, 148–9, 157, 161, 162,
164–5, 168, 175, 180, 190–191,
Ephorus, 160, 162, 164, 175–9, 186,
192, 208, 221–2, 234, 258,
192, 195, 199, 276, 288
265, 269, 276, 280, 283
322 Index
genres, literary, and historiography
Hellanicus of Lesbos, ethnographer
( cont’d)
and chronicler, 21, 22, 277
epic, 6–9, 11, 13, 18, 20, 22, 26, 28,
and Atthidography, 169
30, 32, 35, 41, 55, 56, 57, 60,
and Ephorus, 177
66, 73–4, 118, 132, 142, 149,
and Hippys of Rhegium, 196
161, 168, 230, 262, 276, 283
and Thucydides, 69, 77
evolution of historiography, 21–2,
Hellespont, 47–8, 50, 53–4, 55–7,
277–9
63, 103, 119, 146, 149,
in the Hellenistic era, 190–191
222, 284
historical epitome (summary), 177
Heraclitus of Ephesus, 10, 186, 213
legacy of the genre, 289–90
Herodian, 237, 268–9, 270, 299
logographers, 2, 17–21, 22, 92,
archē in, 269
277, 279
on Commodus, emperor, 269
lyric poetry, 2, 6, 8, 9, 11–14, 70,
and Dio Cassius, 268
73, 161, 276
on Elagabalus (Heliogabalus),
medical authors, 70, 73
emperor, 269
philosophy, 2, 9–10, 14–15, 19, 22,
empire theme, 269
30, 32, 38, 74–5, 128–9,
on Geta, Publius Septimius,
161–2, 164, 166–8, 176, 210,
emperor, 269
229, 240–241, 242, 245,
on Gordian III, emperor, 268, 269
259–60, 276–8, 280–283, 289
human nature, 282–3
poetry, choral and lyric, 2, 5–6, 8,
on Marcus Aurelius, emperor,
9, 11–14, 15, 35, 70, 73,
268–9
161–6, 175, 199, 276
on Maximinus Thrax, emperor,
rhetoric, 16–17, 22, 33, 38, 94, 97,
268, 269
101, 106, 128, 133–4, 146,
on Pertinax, Publius Helvius,
153, 160–168, 171, 175–6,
emperor, 269
178, 180, 183, 184, 186, 190,
on Septimius Severus, emperor,
198, 229–30, 246, 259, 260,
268, 269
276, 280
on Severus Alexander, emperor, 269
scientific writing, 2, 9–11, 21, 22, 32
speeches, 269, 280
victory odes, 2, 14
supernatural causation, avoidance
Gorgias, sophist, 16
of, 279
and Ephorus, 178
and Thucydides, 268, 269, 279
and Isocrates, 175
Herodotus, 2–3, 26–68
and Thucydides, 75
Adrastus story, 40
Aegina, 49, 51
Hartog, F., 46, 202
Amasis, king of Egypt, 37, 43
Hecataeus of Miletus, chronicler, 2,
and Appian, 257, 258
3, 9, 10, 18–21, 166, 233,
and Arrian, 260, 261, 262,
277, 288
263, 264
Herodotus’ reception of, 28, 30, 32
Artabanus, uncle of Xerxes, 55–7, 65
nomos (law, custom) in, 42
Artemisia, Persian admiral, 57,
political activity, 48
61–2, 141
Index
323
Artemisium, battle of, 13, 30,
Hellespont, 47–8, 50, 53–4, 55–7,
59–61, 63
63, 222, 284
Artyactes, Persian governor of
Histiaeus, tyrant of Miletus, 47,
Sestos, 64–5
48, 50
Asopus River (Plataea), 63, 284
Homer, 7–8, 32, 35, 61
Astyages, king of the Medes, 41–2
human happiness, 36–7, 277
Athens, 27, 49, 58–9
human hubris (insolent violence),
Atossa, wife of Darius I, 45, 53
32, 41, 44–5, 55–7, 63
authorial voices of, 34
Ionian context of, 9–11
Babylon in, 42
Ionian Revolt, 48–50
Cambyses, king of Persia, 30, 31,
and Josephus, 250, 253
35, 41, 43–4
kratos (power, might) theme in,
canal at Athos, 55–6, 58, 284
38–9, 42, 44, 45, 47, 50–51,
causation, 28–9, 31–4
53, 57, 59, 60, 63
composition of his work, 29–30
later reception of, 4, 5, 26, 200,
Croesus, king of Lydia, 37–8, 40–41
271, 276, 277
Cyrus I, king of Persia, 30, 31, 36,
Leonidas, Spartan king and general,
38, 40–41, 45
60, 63, 153, 286, 288
Cyrus II (the Great), king of Persia,
life and times, 26–8
41–2, 44, 65
Lydia and the Lydians, 27, 31, 36,
Darius I, king of Persia, 45–8,
40, 50
50–53, 58, 65
Magi, revolt of, 44–5
Demaratus, Spartan king, 51, 53,
Marathon, battle of, 30, 31, 47,
55, 57–8, 60, 66
48, 51–3
and Dio Cassius, 267
Mardonius, Persian general, 45, 51,
and Diodorus Siculus, 242
53–4, 62, 63–4, 77, 284, 286
and Dionysius of Halicarnassus,
Masistius, Persian cavalry
163, 165, 246
commander, 63, 288
the divine in, 32
methodology, 33–4
dramatic elements in, 27, 35,
Miletus, 47–50
41, 55, 66
Miltiades of Athens, 47, 50–53
dunamis (power) theme in, 42–3,
Mycale, battle of, 30, 39, 60, 61,
45–6, 47, 54, 57, 62, 282
63, 64
empire (rule, archē) theme, 40, 42,
narrative technique, 34–5
44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 284
nomos (law, custom) theme, 42–3,
Egypt, 27, 32, 37, 42–3
53–5, 65–6
Ephialtes of Trachis, 60
Onomacritus, oracle monger, 53
and Ephorus, 177
oracles, 36, 40–41, 53, 58,
epic elements in, 26, 28, 30, 32,
60–61, 63
35, 41, 55, 56, 57, 60, 66
orality, 6, 33
erōs motif, 40, 64
Otanes, son of Pharnaspes, Persian
Gyges and Candaules story, 40
nobleman, 44–6
Hecataeus, 48
Otanes, son of Sisamnes, Persian
Hegesistratus of Elis, Persian seer, 63
general, 47–8
324 Index
Herodotus ( cont’d)
truth, concepts of, 33
and the Oxyrhynchus historian, 171
tyranny, 41, 47, 49
Panyassis of Halicarnassus, 13
warner, tragic/wise, 55, 65
and Philistus, 197
women in, 31, 33, 42, 61–2, 64
Pisistratus, tyrant of Athens, 41,
wonders in, 29, 37, 42–3, 65, 73,
50–51
180, 263
Plataea, battle of, 13, 14, 30, 39,
Xanthippus, Athenian general, 65
60–64, 284
Xerxes, 30, 31, 40, 47–9, 51,
Plato, philosopher, 16
Greek Historiography Page 50
