by Marty Klein
7. Oyez.org, https://www.oyez.org/cases/1985/85-140
8. Contrast this with the United Kingdom, whose tabloids like The Sun featured nude women on Page 3 each day.
9. The government soon outlawed such naughty postcards.
10. See America’s War on Sex: The Continuing Attack on Law, Lust, and Liberty. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Publishers, 2006, Chapter 2.
11. See America’s War on Sex, sidebar, page 39.
12. For the most comprehensive information about Internet filtering (or “blocking”) software, see www.peacefire.org.
13. Alternet.org, http://www.alternet.org/sex-amp-relationships/10-craziest-ways-sex-has-changed
CHAPTER TWO
1. I have been writing about sexual moral panics for decades; see America’s War on Sex, my articles for Playboy, my articles on sex addiction, and my blog at https://sexualintelligence.wordpress.com.
Others who have written extensively on sexuality-related moral panics in America include Stanley Cohen, Mickey Diamond, Paula Fass, Gil Herdt, Dagmar Herzog, Laura Kipnis, James Morone, and Dan Savage.
2. Gil Herdt, ed., Moral Panics, Sex Panics: Fear and the Fight over Sexual Rights. New York: New York University Press, 2009.
3. Discussed in David Hajdu, The Ten-Cent Plague: The Great Comic-Book Scare and How It Changed America. London: Picador Press, 2009.
4. TheComicBooks.com, http://www.thecomicbooks.com/1954senatetranscripts.html
5. Advocate.com, http://www.advocate.com/politics/2014/07/25/michele-bachmann-back-one-her-most-homophobic-comments-ever
6. RightWingWatch.org, http://www.rightwingwatch.org/content/bachmann-god-may-destroy-america-over-gay-marriage-just-sodom
7. JAMA Pediatrics; see UNH.edu, http://www.unh.edu/ccrc/pdf/poi130100.pdf. See also FreeRangeKids.com, http://www.freerangekids.com/crime-statistics/
8. At least 25 percent of America’s registered sex offenders are minors. A substantial percentage of all registered sex offenders were convicted of non-contact offenses, such as voyeurism, exhibitionism, and teen sexting. Registered sex offenders have trouble getting jobs, loans, and often have to move out of their homes because they’re located too close to churches, schools, or bus stops—or because they live in a house with a sibling under 18 years old.
The Adam Walsh Child Safety Protection Act of 2006 requires states to put juveniles over the age of 14 on public sex offender registries if they (a) commit a sex offense equivalent to or worse than aggravated sexual assault against a victim under the age of 12, or (b) commit any sex-related offense for which they were tried and convicted as an adult.
9. ClassicBands.com, http://www.classicbands.com/banned.html
10. Alfred C Kinsey, Wardell Baxter Pomeroy and Clyde E Martin, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1948. Led by monomaniacal Judith Reisman, right-wing and conspiracy-type websites still blame Kinsey’s work as the cause of today’s alleged sexual immorality. The title of Reisman’s bizarre book on Kinsey says it all: Sexual Sabotage: How One Mad Scientist Unleashed a Plague of Corruption and Contagion on America. Los Angeles: WND Books, 2010.
11. “As early as 1744, Northampton minister Jonathan Edwards initiated a church inquiry into the ‘lascivious expressions’ of certain young men who had read the Master-Piece and had taunted local women with their newly acquired ‘unclean’ knowledge of female anatomy contained in it.” GerardKoeppel.com, http://gerardkoeppel.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/enan_eriecanal.pdf
12. Google.com, https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=how+many+internet+users+in+US+in+1999
InternetLiveStates.com, http://www.internetlivestats.com/internet-users/united-states
13. People recently had another lesson about that in 2015 with the Ashley Madison hacking scandal. People were shocked that a corporation might actually lie about the way it handled their private data. See Fortune.com, http://fortune.com/2015/08/26/ashley-madison-hack
14. K9WebProtection.com, www.k9webprotection.com
15. For more on the inadequacies of these filtering products and outright deception of these filtering companies, see www.peacefire.org.
16. For a colorful account of how one such extortion site was successfully sued, see Randazza.Wordpress.com, https://randazza.wordpress.com/2014/03/18/revenge-porn-scumbags-spanked-with-385000-judgment.
CHAPTER THREE
1. Even churches and religious groups, while noting how offended God is by porn, are now quick to note that porn also leads to divorce, destroys families, endangers children, etc. Their dual approach (never mention porn’s immorality without also mentioning its dangers) is like the extra safety provided by wearing suspenders and a belt.
2. PureIntimacy.org, http://www.pureintimacy.org/f/fatal-addiction-ted-bundys-final-interview/
3. Rense.com, http://www.rense.com/general86/porno.htm
4. (Pronounced “public-eyesd”) For a discussion of this see America’s War on Sex, p. 172.
5. Note that porn consumers have not organized themselves into a stakeholder group.
6. Dines argues that using dildos or vibrators turns women into sexual objects (Dines, G. “Dirty Business: Playboy Magazine and the Mainstreaming of Pornography,” p. 61); Russo objects to porn’s focus on pleasure, which suggests that sex is about “individual self-fulfillment” when it should be about “social change” (Russo, A. “Feminists Confront Pornography’s Subordinating Practices: Policies and Strategies for Change,” p. 34); Jensen and Dines object to images of enthusiastic sex, as they convey the message that men don’t have to work at giving women sexual pleasure, p. 72. These references are all in Jensen and Dines (eds.), Pornography: The Production and Consumption of Inequality. New York: Routledge, 1998.
7. Recurring sources for inaccurate myths about porn include Phil Burress, Gail Dines, Andrea Dworkin, Sue Johnson, Mary Anne Layden, Catharine MacKinnon, Penny Nance, Judith Reisman, Pat Robertson, and Marnia Robinson.
8. Hollywood Reporter, http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/fifty-shades-grey-sales-hit-683852
9. Huffington Post, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/25/half-of-americans-drink-soda-everyday-consumption_n_1699540.html
INTERLUDE A: THE NATURE OF SEXUAL FANTASY
1. Ogi Ogas and Sai Gaddam, A Billion Wicked Thoughts. New York: Penguin, 2011.
2. Suzanne Sarnoff and Irving Sarnoff, Masturbation and Adult Sexuality. New York: Evans & Co., 1979.
3. Pornhub.com, http://www.pornhub.com/insights/united-states-top-searches http://www.pornhub.com/insights/2014-year-in-review
INTERLUDE B: DEEP IN THE VALLEY: GOING TO A PORN SHOOT
1. Barbara Nitke, American Ecstasy. New York: Pierrot Press, 2012.
INTERLUDE E: NO, MABEL, YOU DON’T HAVE TO COMPETE WITH PORN ACTRESSES
1. Viralscape.com, http://viralscape.com/supermodels-without-makeup/
CHAPTER FIVE
1. KnopfDoubleday.com, http://knopfdoubleday.com/2011/03/14/your-cell-phone
2. Originating around 1970, Moore’s Law states that computer processing power will double every two years. See MooresLaw.org, www.mooreslaw.org.
3. Kaitlin Lounsbury, Kimberly Mitchell, and David Finkelhor, “The True Prevalence of ‘Sexting’,” in bulletin of Crimes Against Children Research Center, April 2011.
4. Kimberly Mitchell, Lisa Jones, David Finkelhor, and Janis Wolak, “Youth Involvement in Sexting: Findings from the Youth Internet Safety Studies” in bulletin of Crimes Against Children Research Center, February 2014.
5. Hanna Rosin, The Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/11/why-kids-sext/380798/
6. Wikipedia.org, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ages_of_consent_in_the_United_States
7. Hanna Rosin, The Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/11/why-kids-sext/380798/
8. AmyHasinoff.Wordpress.com, https://amyhasinoff.wordpress.com/book/
9. AmyHasinoff.Wordpress.com, https://amyhasinoff.wordpress.com/book/
/> 10. Janis Wolak and David Finkelhor, “Sexting: A Typology,” in bulletin of Crimes Against Children Research Center, March 2011. http://www.unh.edu/ccrc/pdf/CV231_Sexting%20Typology%20Bulletin_4-6-11_revised.pdf
11. For a list and synopses of young adult fiction with nuanced depictions of sexual consent, see http://www.teenlibrariantoolbox.com/2014/03/take-5-sexconsent-positive-books-the-svyalit-project/
12. Peggy Orenstein, Girls and Sex: Navigating the Complicated New Landscape. New York, NY: Harper, 2016.
13. Time.com, http://time.com/4103885/massive-sexting-ring-stuns-colorado-high-school/
14. The Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/11/why-kids-sext/380798/
15. The Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/11/why-kids-sext/380798
16. Link.Springer.com, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13178-014-0162-9
17. The Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/11/why-kids-sext/380798/
18. Number of Americans arrested for a marijuana possession in 2013: 609,423. Number of students who have lost federal financial aid eligibility because of a drug conviction: 200,000+. DrugPolicy.org, http://www.drugpolicy.org/drug-war-statistics
19. PsychologyToday.com, https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/teen-angst/201308/teens-who-click-send-and-sext
20. For the laws that govern underage sexting in each state, see IM.About.com, http://im.about.com/od/sexting. Of course, the site’s accuracy cannot be guaranteed.
CHAPTER SIX
1. Matthew 5:28, Proverbs 6:25, James 1:14–15, 1 Corinthians 6:18–20.
CASE A: RACHEL & JACKSON
1. This recalls the joke about the parishioner who is warned about this exact point as he completes confession. On his way out of church, he pauses at the collection box, then continues toward the exit. When the priest calls out, “You forgot to put a donation in the box,” the parishioner replies, “That’s OK, I thought about it.”
CHAPTER SEVEN
1. Ronald Weitzer, “Review Essay: Pornography’s Effects: The Need for Solid Evidence.” Violence Against Women, 2011. 17:666. Originally published online April 21, 2011. DI: 10.1177/1077801211407478.
2. Johnson, Eithne, “Appearing Live on Your Campus!: Porn-education roadshows,” Jump Cut, 41, 1997, pp.27–35.
3. “For many perpetrators, there is a progression from viewing adult pornography to viewing child pornography.” “If we tolerate pornographic material that encourages people to indulge their darkest sexual fantasies, we cannot act surprised when millions do so in real life as well.” MoralityInMedia.org, http://moralityinmedia.org/full_article.php?article_no=45
4. Daniel Weiss, “Porn Feeds Human Trafficking,” DenverPost.com, 1/27/2006.
5. Susan Brownmiller, Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape. New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1993 (1975).
6. R. Jensen, Introduction. In G. Dines R. Jensen, and A. Russo (eds.), Pornography: The Production and Consumption of Inequality. New York: Rutledge, 1997.
7. E. Donnerstein, and L. Berkowitz, “Victim Reactions in Aggressive Erotic Films as a Factor in Violence Against Women.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1981. 41:4, 710–24.
8. William Fisher and G. Grenier, “Violent Pornography, Anti-Woman Thoughts and Anti-Woman Acts: In Search of Reliable Effects.” Journal of Sex Research, 1994. 31, 23–38.
9. BJS.gov, http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/rsavcaf9513.pdf
10. Gail Dines, Pornland: How Porn Has Hijacked Our Sexuality. Boston: Beacon, 2010.
11. R. Jensen, “Pornography Is What the End of the World Looks Like,” in Karen Boyle, ed., Everyday Pornography. New York: Routledge, 2010.
12. Comedians who have used rape jokes in their acts and discussed reactions to them (including intense online attacks) include Sarah Silverman, Louis CK, Daniel Tosh, Chris Rock, and Jimmy Carr.
13. Anthony D’Amato, “Porn Up, Rape Down.” Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper Series, 2006. Retrieved 3/23/16 from http://anthonydamato.law.northwestern.edu/Adobefiles/porn.pdf
14. NIJ.gov, http://www.nij.gov/journals/254/pages/rape_reporting.aspx. In fact, the rate at which women report rape and attempted rape has actually gone up. Thus if the reported rape rate has gone down, that represents an improvement bigger than just the difference between the rate now and the rate before.
15. G. Dines, R. Jensen, and A. Russo, Pornography: The Production and Consumption of Inequality. New York: Routledge, 1997.
16. Neil M. Malamuth, Tamara Addison, and Mary Koss, “Pornography and Sexual Aggression: Are There Reliable Effects and Can We Understand Them?” doi: 10.1080/10532528.2000.10559784 pp 26–91. Annual Review of Sex Research, Vol. 11 Issue 1, 2000.
17. D.A. Kingston et al., “The Importance of Individual Differences in Pornography Use: Theoretical Perspectives and Implications of Treating Sexual Offenders.” Journal of Sex Research, 2009. 46(203), 216–232. Doi:10.1080/00224490902747701
18. Michael Seto, Alexandra Maric, and Howard Barbaree, “The Role of Pornography in the Etiology of Sexual Aggression.” Aggression and Violent Behavior, Vol. 6, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 2001, pp. 35–53.
19. Cindy M. Meston, and Lucia F. O’Sullivan, “Such a Tease: Intentional Sexual Provocation within Heterosexual Interactions,” 2007. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 36:531–542. doi 10.1007/s10508-006-9167-7.
20. Rebecca Whisnant, Essay in Karen Boyle, ed. Everyday Pornography. New York: Routledge, 2010, pp. 114, 115.
21. Gail Dines, Pornland: How Porn Has Hijacked Our Sexuality. Boston: Beacon, 2010, p. xvii.
22. Ana Bridges, Essay in Karen Boyle, ed., Everyday Pornography. New York: Routledge, 2010, p. 47.
23. Meagan Tyler, essay in Karen Boyle, ed., Everyday Pornography. New York: Routledge, 2010, p. 57.
24. R.E. Funk, “What Does Pornography Say about Me(n)?” In Stark, C. and Whisnant, R. (eds.), Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography, Melbourne, Australia: Spinifex Press, p. 341.
25. R. Jensen, R and G. Dines, “The Content of Mass Marketed Pornography.” In G. Dines, R. Jensen, and A. Russo, Pornography: The Production and Consumption of Inequality. New York: Routledge, 1997, pp. 76, 83.
26. Hawaii.edu, http://www.hawaii.edu/PCSS/biblio/articles/2005to2009/2009-pornography-acceptance-crime.html
27. Alan McKee, “The Aesthetics of Pornography: The Insights of Consumers,” Journal of Media & Cultural Studies, Vol. 20, No. 4, December 2006, pp. 523–39.
28. F. Attwood, “‘Other’ or ‘One of Us’?: The Porn User in Public and Academic Discourse,” Participations: Journal of Audience and Reception Studies, 2007, 4 (1).
29. J.M. Albright, “Sex in America Online: An Exploration of Sex, Marital Status, and Sexual Identity in Internet Sex Seeking and Its Impacts.” Journal of Sex Research, 2008, 45(2), 175–186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0022449801987481. Medline: 18569538.
Bridges, Bergner, and Hesson-McInnes, “Romantic Partners’ Use of Pornography: Its Significance for Women.” Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 2003, 29(1), 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713847097 Medline 12519658
G.M. Hald and N.M. Malamuth, “Self-Perceived Effects of Pornography Consumption,” Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2008, 37(4), 614–625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/210508-007-9212-1 Medline 17851749
M.A. Watson and R.D. Smith. “Positive Porn: Educational, Medical, and Clinical Uses,” Am J Sex Educ. 2012;7(2):122–45. doi:10.1080/15546128.2012.680861.
Alan McKee. “The Positive and Negative Effects of Pornography as Attributed by Consumers.” Aust J Commun. 2007; 34(1):87–104.
30. A. Štulhofer, V. Buško, and I. Landripet. “Pornography, Sexual Socialization, and Satisfaction among Young Men,” Arch Sex Behav. 2010;39(1):168–78. doi:10.1007/s10508-008-9387-0.
Alan McKee, “The Need to Bring the Voices of Pornography Consumers into Public Debates about the Genre and Its Effects,” Australian Journal of Communication 32(2), 2005, pp. 71–94.
Alan McKee, “The R
elationship Between Attitudes Towards Women, Consumption of Pornography, and Other Demographic Variables in a Survey of 1023 Consumers of Pornography,” Journal of Psychology and Human Sexuality, 18(2), 2006.
Alan McKee, “Censorship of Sexually Explicit Materials in Australia: What Do Consumers of Pornography Have to Say About It?,” Media International Australia, 120, 2006, pp. 35–50.
Alan McKee, “The Aesthetics of Pornography: The Insights of Consumers,” Continuum: Journal of Media and Cultural Studies, 20, 2006, pp. 523–439.
31. C. Staley and N. Prause, “Erotica Viewing Effects on Intimate Relationships and Self/Partner Evaluations,” Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2013, 42(4), 615–624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s10508-012-0034-4 Medline:23224749.
32. R. Jensen and G. Dines, “The Content of Mass Marketed Pornography.” In G. Dines, R. Jensen, and A. Russo, Pornography: The Production and Consumption of Inequality.” New York: Routledge, 1997, p. 163.
33. Taylor Kohut and Jodie Baer, “Is Pornography Really about Making Hate to Women? Pornography Users Hold More Gender Egalitarian Attitudes Than Nonusers in a Representative American Sample,” Journal of Sex Research, 2016, 53(1), 1–11.
34. GailDines.com, http://gaildines.com/2009/09/so-you-think-you-know-what-porn-is/ para. 25.
35. D. Loftus, Watching Sex: How Men Really Respond to Pornography. New York: Thunder’s Mouth, 2002.
CHAPTER EIGHT
1. WebMD.com, http://www.webmd.com/balance/guide/addicted-your-smartphone-what-to-do
2. NoozHawk.com, http://www.noozhawk.com/article/092210_russell_collins_the_puzzling_problem_of_internet_porn
ScholarsArchive.BYE.edu, http://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4081&context=etd
LucilleZimmerman.com, http://www.lucillezimmerman.com/2012/09/27/the-cure-for-sexual-addiction-is-attachment
PsychOfMen.Wordpress.com, https://psychofmen.wordpress.com/final-papers/the-study-of-men-and-sexual-addictions
3. This is similar to the high levels of superstition among accomplished athletes—a reaction to the unpredictable nature of elite performance. See PsychologyOfSports.com, http://psychologyofsports.com/2004/06/23/superstition-in-sports-2
