Spring Offensive (1972), 210, 211
Sputnik, 49
Stalin, Joseph, 11, 15, 34, 35, 36, 153, 173, 195. See also Soviet Union
State of Vietnam (SOVN), 14, 25; abolition of, 32; creation of, 13, 215n2. See also Bao Dai; Ngo Dinh Diem
State Planning Commission (DRVN), 48, 146
Strategic hamlet program, 109–10, 129, 166–67. See also Ngo Dinh Diem; Republic of Vietnam
Suri, Jeremy, 4
Syria, 104. See also United Arab Republic
Taiwan Strait: crisis of 1954–55, 11; crisis of 1958, 49, 58
Tanham, George K., 162
Taylor, Maxwell, 114, 204
Taylor-Rostow mission (1961), 114
Tay Ninh Province, 73
Test Ban Treaty (1963). See Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
Tet Offensive (1968), 210, 211, 272n163, 273n184
Thailand, 123, 155, 189
Thai-Meo Autonomous Zone (DRVN), 46, 99
Tham hoa (periodical, DRVN), 40
Thanh Hoa, 19
Thayer, Carl, 5, 60
Third World, 4, 45, 76, 79, 81, 100–101, 104–5, 118, 277n62
Three-year plan (DRVN, 1958–60), 48–49, 57, 66, 71. See also Democratic Republic of Vietnam; “North-first” policy
Thu Dau, 56
Tinh Gia District, 20
Tito, 82, 183, 184. See also Yugoslavia
Titov, Herman, 131–32
To Huu, 40, 146
Ton Duc Thang, 25, 74, 146
Tonkin Gulf, 189, 196
Tonkin Gulf incident, 7, 175, 191, 196–97, 198, 200, 201, 283n154
Tonkin Gulf Resolution (U.S.), 175, 196, 200
Tønnesson, Stein, 16
Tra Bong, 68, 69
Tran Duc Thao, 40
Tran Luong, 51, 95
Tran Minh Truong, 89
Tran Quoc Hoan, 85, 87, 146, 170
Tran Van Tra, 95
Tra Vinh Province, 73
Truong Chinh, 24, 58, 66, 87, 105, 146, 170; demotion as VWP general secretary (1956), 39, 227n180; and land reform in DRVN, 15; support for 1954 Geneva accords, 15, 23
Truth Publisher (Nha xuat ban Su that), 146, 272n160
Tunisia, 103
Turkey, 91, 113
Turley, William, 5, 65, 69, 93, 194
U-2 incident (1960), 72, 76. See also Détente
Ung Van Khiem, 101, 103–4, 106, 113, 124–25, 126, 131, 133, 146, 149, 153, 170, 265n62
Union of Chinese Residents (Hanoi), 77
United Arab Republic, 103–4, 105. See also Egypt; Syria
United Kingdom (Great Britain), 46, 75; as cochair of 1954 Geneva Conference, 34, 127
United Nations (UN), 45, 78, 79, 137; Charter of, 113, 117
United States, 75, 94, 167; assistance to France, 13; assistance to SOVN/RVN, 11–12, 20, 25, 28, 44, 46, 52, 72, 74, 91, 109, 114, 116, 118, 128–29, 145, 174; bombing of DRVN, 196, 198, 206, 210–11; and Cambodia, 119; closure of consulate in Hanoi, 26; deployment of ground forces to Vietnam, 3, 175, 206, 208, 210; fear of communism in Southeast Asia, 13; and Laos, 119, 142, 176, 189; and “loss” of China (1949), 12; negotiations with DRVN, 191–92, 210–11; refusal to endorse 1954 Geneva accords, 13, 35–36, 37, 215n5; relations with Soviet Union, 11, 44, 72, 91, 118; training of SOVN/RVN forces/advisory presence in South Vietnam, 12, 25, 74, 103, 132, 145, 174; withdrawal of combat forces from Vietnam (1973), 211. See also Détente; Eisenhower, Dwight; Johnson, Lyndon; Kennedy, John F.; Nixon, Richard; Project Beefup; Tonkin Gulf Resolution
“Useful adversary,” 26
Van Tien Dung, 87, 146
Vienna, 91
Viet Cong. See National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam
Viet Minh, 12, 13, 17, 42, 54, 76, 88, 215n1, 218n32; refusal of troops to regroup to North Vietnam, 18; regroupment of troops to North Vietnam, 6, 12, 15, 16, 18–19, 21, 22, 65, 172, 218n33. See also Democratic Republic of Vietnam; Geneva accords on Vietnam/Indochina; Indochina War; People’s Army of Vietnam
Vietnam, 12, 153, 177, 206; reunification of, 211; war in, 13, 205
Vietnamese-Soviet Friendship Association (DRVN), 170
Vietnamese Workers’ Party (VWP), 2, 96; challenges in South Vietnam, 51–53, 96; and creation of provisional revolutionary government in South Vietnam, 137–38; and Diem overthrow, 145, 160–62; effects of Sino-Soviet dispute in, 50–51, 86; Fifteenth Plenum of the Central Committee (1959), 51–53; internationalism of, 104–6; and Marxism-Leninism, 4, 9, 24, 39, 55, 84, 104, 163, 164, 172–73, 177, 184–85, 190, 214n6; militant tendencies/militants in, 3, 7, 16–17, 23, 32, 47, 50–51, 55, 57, 60, 72, 76, 78, 86, 107, 112, 142–43, 145, 146, 147–48, 151–55, 157, 179, 190, 203–4, 209–10, 213n3; moderate tendencies/moderates in, 3, 7, 15, 32, 50–51, 76, 86, 87, 97, 106, 126, 146, 147, 213n3, 213n4; “Munich syndrome” of, 208; and neutralization of Laos, 118, 122–25; and neutralization of South Vietnam, 118, 125–44, 156–57, 193–94, 259n123; Ninth Plenum of the Central Committee (1963), 3, 145, 161–64, 172, 173, 178, 201, 270n139, 271n152, 272n163; and NLF, 137–39, 141; and Paris peace agreement (1973), 211; Politburo resolution on peaceful struggle in South Vietnam of September 1954, 5–6, 12, 17–18, 53, 95; power structure of, 9–10; purge/re-education of members, 7, 39–40, 67, 77, 145, 149, 169–73, 180, 186, 272n163; shifting balance of power within, 7, 164, 169–73, 210; “sinization” of, 77; and socialist modernity, 100, 107, 169; southern opposition/resistance to policies of, 21–23, 41–43, 88–89, 90, 94, 116–17, 138–39; southern pressures on top leadership, 55–56, 143, 250n140; “special political conference” of 1964, 186–88; Statute of 1960, 85; strategic debate of 1963, 7, 145, 157, 173; support for armed struggle in South Vietnam (1956), 6, 43; tensions/dissidence within, 1–2, 15–17, 23, 24, 32, 39–40, 45, 46, 57, 67, 71, 72, 76–78, 82–83, 112–13, 118, 131–32, 143–44, 145, 146–48, 157–60, 163–64, 186–89, 206–7, 213n3, 273n182; Tenth Plenum of the Central Committee (1956), 38–41; Third National Congress (1960), 72, 83–87, 116, 148–49, 164; underestimation of U.S. determination, 211; “unity of thought” within, 16, 112, 167, 169, 186; weakness in North Vietnam, 84–85, 282n150; weakness in South Vietnam, 22–23, 31, 33, 41, 46, 55, 62–63, 69, 70, 74, 76, 92–93, 94; worldview, 26, 178, 209. See also Democratic Republic of Vietnam; Ho Chi Minh; Le Duan; Organization Committee; Resolution 9; Resolution 15; Revisionism
Vietnam Fatherland Front (VFF), 31, 33, 105, 224n122
Vietnam War, 1, 3, 6, 18, 168, 175, 177, 205, 209, 275n23; as subject of study, 4
Viet Tri, 98, 99
Vinh, 98
Vinh Thanh, 68
Vo Chi Cong, 21, 51, 95
“Volunteer troops” (PAVN), 64, 65, 66, 120, 125, 142, 266n73. See also People’s Army of Vietnam
Vo Nguyen Giap, 39, 78, 84, 87, 115, 187; bypassed as VWP first secretary, 86–87; and Dien Bien Phu victory, 14, 87; moderate tendencies of, 40, 41, 50, 53, 61, 106, 126, 146, 148, 149, 151; and modernization of PAVN, 15, 33, 163, 170, 172; sidelining from VWP leadership, 171–72, 173, 273n178; support for 1954 Geneva accords, 14, 15, 37, 172. See also People’s Army of Vietnam; Vietnamese Workers’ Party
Vo Van Kiet, 95
Vu Dinh Huynh, 170
Warsaw Pact, 25
Westad, Odd Arne, 154
West Germany. See Federal Republic of Germany
World Peace Council, 34
World War II, 12, 195, 210
Xiaoming Zhang, 152
Xieng Khouang Province, 122, 123
Xuan Thuy, 153, 193, 204, 265n62
Xuyen Moc District, 18
Ye Jiangying, 114–16, 251n156
Yugoslavia, 82, 118, 184. See also Tito
Zhou Enlai, 79, 81, 190, 249n109. See also People’s Republic of China
Zinoman, Peter, 40
Net
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