Ascension Cathedral (Cathedral for the Ascension Convent)
Ascension monastery/convent
Assembly of the Land
Astrakhan
Astrakhan Khanate
astronomy
Augustin, Metropolitan and Archbishop of Moscow
Augustus, Emperor of Rome
Augustus II of Poland and Saxony
Avvakum
Azov, captured by Peter the Great
Bakhchisarai, Crimea
Bakunin, Mikhail
Balch, Tatiana
Ballets Russes
Baranovsky, Petr
Barghoorn, Frederick
Barozzi, Giacomo da Vignola, Canon of the Five Orders of Architecture
Bartenev, Petr
Bartenev, Sergei; The Moscow Kremlin in Old Times and Now
Basil the Blessed
St Basil’s Cathedral
Basmanov, Petr Fedorovich
Batalov, Andrei
Batiushkov, Konstantin
Batu-khan (Mongol leader)
Bauman, Nikolai
Bazhenov, Vasily
Beauvais, France, Cathedral of St Pierre
Bedny, Demyan
Beethoven, Ludwig van
Behrs, Sofiya
Beijing, China
Bekhbulatovich, Simeon
Belarus
Belousov brothers
Belovezhsky Nature Reserve, Belarus
Belsky, Bogdan
Benjamin, Walter
Benois, Alexander
Berezovsky, Boris
Beria, Lavrenty
Berlin Wall, fall of
Bessarion of Nicea, Cardinal
Bessemer, Henry
Bilibin, Ivan
Billington, James
Black Death
Black Hundreds (vigilante group)
Black Sea
Blaeu, Joan
Blair, Tony
Blanqui, Auguste
Bode, Baron
Bogatyrev, Sergei
Bogoliubsky, Andrei
Boldin, Valery
Bolghar, trade routes
Bologna, Italy
Bolshaya Ordinka (Great Horde Road)
Bolsheviks; seize control from the Provisional Government; move government to Moscow; Central Executive Committee
Bolshoi Theatre
Bonch-Bruevich, Vladimir
Bonumbre of Ajaccio, Cardinal
Boris, Tsar of Russia see Godunov, Boris
Borodin, Pavel
Borodino, battle of
Borovitsky gate
Botkin family
Bove, Osip
boyars, status of
Braque, Georges
Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of
Brezhnev, Leonid: brings about Khrushchev’s removal as Leader; becomes Party Leader; moves office out of the Kremlin; receives foreign guests in the Kremlin; styles himself Head of State; war in Afghanistan; ill health and death
Brezhneva, Galina
bride shows
British craftsmen, in the Kremlin
Brown, ‘Capability’
Bruegel, Pieter the Elder
Brunelleschi, Filippo
Brusilov, General
Buckingham Palace
Bugrov, Nikolai
Bukharin, Nikolai
Bulganin, Nikolai
Burbulis, Gennady
Bush, George H. W.
Byron, George Gordon, Lord
Capa, Robert
Carcano, Alevisio de
Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, Moscow: of Konstantin Ton; post-Soviet reconstruction
Cathedral of the Intercession of the Moat see St Basil’s Cathedral
Cathedral of the Saviour in the Forest
Catherine I, Empress, crowned by Peter the Great
Catherine II, Empress of Russia (Catherine the Great): complains of Kremlin’s discomforts; dislike of Moscow; coronation; convenes Legislative Commission; renovations in the Kremlin; coffin desecrated by Bolsheviks
Catholic Inquisition
Ceausescu, Nicolae
Chancellor, Richard
Charles XII of Sweden
Chazov, Yevgeniy
Chebrikov, Viktor
Chechnya
Cheka (secret police)
Chekhov, Anton: The Cherry Orchard; The Seagull
Cheliadnin-Fedorov, Ivan Petrovich
Cherkassky family
Chernenko, Konstantin
Chernigov
Chernobyl, nuclear disaster
Chernyaev, Anatoly
Cherson (Black Sea port)
China, communist revolution
Chinghis (Genghis) Khan
Chistyi, Nazary
Chopin, Frédéric
Christian V of Denmark
Chudov (Miracles) Monastery; founded in the 14th century; houses Catherine the Great’s Legislative Assembly; decline in numbers of monks; monks expelled from; destroyed under Stalin
Chudov Palace
Church of St John of the Ladder
Church of the Deposition of the Robe
Churchill, Sir Winston
civil service; development under Ivan the Terrible
civil war: (1433–47); (1606–12); (1918–21)
Class Struggle (journal)
clocks and clock-making
Cold War
collectivization
Collins, Samuel
Commissariat for Internal Affairs
(NKVD)
communism; collapses in Eastern Europe; and revolutionary art
Communist Party: hammer and sickle emblem; Seventeenth Congress; Twentieth Congress; express disapproval of Stalin’s towers; overlaps with government; Central Committee building, Old Square; Pioneers; assets seized by Yeltsin; victim of glasnost; regaining popularity in 1990s
Congress of People’s Deputies of the USSR
Conrad, Christopher
Constantine the Great
Constantine XI Palaeologus
Constantinople; and the Vikings; and Orthodox Christianity in Russia; sack of, by the Fourth Crusade; fall of; European attempt to regain; ‘lost’ library
Contarini, Ambrogio
Le Corbusier
Corriere della Sera
Corvinus, Matthias
cossacks
Council of Ferrara-Florence
Council of People’s Commissars
coup, Soviet, 1991
crime, in tsarist Kremlin; in post-Soviet Russia
Crimean Khanate
Cubism
Custine, Marquis de
Dabelov, Von
Daniil, Metropolitan of Moscow
Daniil Aleksandrovich, Prince of Moscow
Daniilovichi
Darwin, Charles, Origin of Species
Del Ponte, Carla
Denikin, Anton
Deptford, London
Derzhavin, Gavrila
Descartes, René
Devlet-Girey
Diaghilev, Sergei
Dionysii, Metropolitan of Kiev and all Russia
Dmitrievsky, Sergei
Dmitry Donskoi
Dmitry I (‘False Dmitry’): assassination; gathers support in Russia; rules as Tsar
Dmitry Ivanovich (son of Ivan the Terrible)
St Dmitry of Uglich see Dmitry Ivanovich (son of Ivan the Terrible)
Dmitry Solunsky, St
Dnieper region
Dnieper River
Dolgoruky, Yu. A.
Dolgoruky clan
Don Monastery
Dormition Cathedral; foundation of 14th century; re-building of 15th century; Epiphany celebration; Ivan III crowns grandson Dmitry as co-regent; Vasily III marries Elena Glinskaya; coronation of Ivan the Terrible; throne of Ivan the Terrible; icon to celebrate taking of Astrakhan; coronation of Simeon Bekhbulatovich; enthronement of first Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church; coronation of Boris Godunov; coronation of Mikhail Romanov; Peter the Great crowns his wife Catherine I; Napoleon weighs out looted gold and silv
er; repairs by Catherine the Great in 1770s; celebrated in Fabergé egg; repairs by Archaeological Society; coronation of Nicholas II; damaged by Bolshevik artillery; Easter celebration; untouched by Stalin
Dostoevsky, Fedor
Duma
Dune, Eduard
Dunning, Chester
Düsseldorf, Germany
Dutch East India Company
Dvina River
d’yaki
Dzerzhinsky, Felix
Eastern Europe, democratic change
The Economist
education, first Russian institute for higher education
Egotov, I. V.
Eisenstein, Sergei, Ivan the Terrible (film, 1944)
Ekaterinburg: murder of the Romanov royal family see also Sverdlovsk
El Lissitsky
electricity, introduced to the Kremlin; introduced in Moscow
Elena Glinskaya
Elena Ivanovna
Elena Sheremeteva
Elena Stepanovana of Moldavia
Elizabeth, Empress of Russia
Elizabeth I, Queen of England
Elizabeth II, Queen
Elizaveta Fedorovna (wife of Grand Duke Sergei Aleksandrovich)
Engels, Friedrich
England: develops trade links with Kremlin; Godunov considers asylum in; Ivan the Terrible considers asylum in
English craftsmen, in the Kremlin
Enukidze, Abel
Epiphany ceremony on the Moscow River
Ermolin, Vasily
Eugene IV, Pope
Evdokiya Donskaya
Ezhov, Nikolai
Fabergé, Carl
Faceted Palace; damaged by Napoleon’s troops; ‘restored’ for the coronation of Alexander III
falcons/ falconry
famine: (1569–70); (1580s); (1601–2); (1921); (Ukraine,1932–3)
Fedor II, Tsar
Fedor I, Tsar
Fedor III, Tsar (Fedor Alekseyevich)
Feodosiya Feodorovna
Feofil, Archbishop of Novgorod
Ferrara, Council of
Le Figaro
Filaret (Fedor Nikitich Romanov); installed as Patriarch
Filipp I, Metropolitan of Moscow
Filipp II, Metropolitan of Moscow
Finns, early settlers; Moscow named by
Fioravanti, Andrey
Fioravanti, Aristotele
First World War
Florence, Italy
Florinsky
Fontainebleau, France
foreign craftsmen in the Kremlin
Fourth Crusade
France: dislike of, by Paul I; French language spoken at court of Catherine the Great; French revolution; Marquis de Custine; Napoleon invades Russia
Frankland, Mark
Franks, and fur trade
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke
Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor
Fryazin, Bon
Fryazin, Marco
Fryazin, Onton
FSB (Federal Security Service)
Gagarin, Yuri
Galileo
Galloway, Christopher
Genghis Khan see Chinghis Khan
Gennady, Archbishop of Novgorod
Gerasimov, Alexander
Gerasimov, Mikhail Mikhailovich (forensic anthropologist)
Gerasimov, Mikhail (poet)
Germany: Frederick, III. Holy Roman Emperor; Thirty Years War; First World War; treaty of Brest-Litovsk; Second World War
Geronty, Metropolitan
Gian-Battista della Volpe
Gil, Stefan
glasnost
Glinka, Mikhail
Glinka, Sergei
Glinskaya, Anna
Glinskaya, Elena
Glinsky, Mikhail
Gobi desert
Godunov, Boris; background; building projects as regent; escapes conspiracy against him; facilitates creation of the Russian Orthodox patriarchate; re-building projects 16th century; crowned Tsar; plans for new cathedral; famine of 1601–2; death; removal of coffin from burial place
Godunov, Fedor Borisovich
Godunov, Semen
Godunova, Irina
Godunova, Ksenia
Godunova, Mariya
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von
Golden Horde
Golitsyn, Vasily
Golitsyn family
Golovina, Princess
Goncharova, A. A.
Gorbachev, Mikhail; on Khrushchev; on Brezhnev; on Kremlin privilege system; becomes Soviet Leader; glasnost policy; perestroika; ends Afghan war; receives Nobel Peace Prize; on Stalin; creates Congress of People’s Deputies; relationship with Yeltsin; creates role of President of the USSR; attempts to hold USSR together; held under house arrest in1991 coup; returns to Moscow after 1991 coup; rivalry with Yeltsin; last few weeks of office; hands over power to
Yeltsin
Gorbacheva, Raisa
Gorky, Maxim
Gosiewski, Alexander
GPU (secret police)
Grabar, Igor
Grachev, Andrei
Grachev, Pavel
Graf, Vilim
Graham, Thomas
Gramotin, Ivan
Grand Principality of Vladimir
Grande Armée (of Napoleon)
Graphic (newspaper)
Great Depression 1930s
Greek Orthodox Church
Grek, Maxim
Grishin, Viktor
Gromyko, Andrei
Gropius, Walter
Gulag
GUM
Habsburg dynasty
Hals, Frans
Hanseatic League
Henry VIII of England
Herculaneum, re-discovery of
Herder, Johann Gottfried
Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg
Hermogen, Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia
Herzen, Alexander
history and historians, Russian
Hitler, Adolf
Holy Roman Empire; dissolution of
hospital for officers, in the Kremlin 1914
Hughes, Lindsey, Russia in the Age of Peter the Great
Hungary
iconography; Simon Ushakov The Tree of the State of Muscovy; introduced with Orthodox religion from Constantinople; created in the Kremlin workshops; European influences; mass-produced; 19th-century restoration of Faceted Palace; icons damaged and sold off by Bolsheviks; ‘Treasures of the Kremlin’ Exhibition; of the Saviour and St Nikola, on the Kremlin gates
Il’f and Petrov
Iliushin, Viktor
Ilmen, Lake
Imperial Russian Archaeolgical Society
infant mortality, Russia, beginning of 20th century
influenza epidemic
International Festival of Youth, Moscow
International Woman’s Day 1917
Iofan, Boris
Isfahan, Persia
Isidor, Metropolitan of Kiev and all Russia
Islam
Italy: builders and building skills; influence on Russian architecture; marriage of Sofiya to Ivan III; re-discovery of classical past
Ivan Alekseyevich (brother and co-Tsar of Peter the Great)
Ivan I, ‘Kalita’; inherits throne of Moscow; re-builds Kremlin walls; builds Dormition Cathedral in the Kremlin
Ivan III: assumes sovereignty of Moscow; commissions present structure of the Kremlin; extends Moscow’s regional power; renovation of Kremlin walls; marriage with Sofiya Palaeologina; and re-building of the Dormition Cathedral; betrothes daughter to Alexander of Lithuania; adopts title of Tsar; banned foreign merchants from Kremlin
Ivan IV (‘the Terrible’); birth; character and state of health ; coronation; renovations to the Kremlin; court of; expansion of Russian territory; threatens to abdicate; oprichnina palace; wives ; deference given to; kills his own son; death; ‘lost’ library; s examination of remains
Ivan Ivanovich (son of Ivan the Terrible)
Ivan the Great (bell tower); damaged by Na
poleon’s troops
Ivan the Terrible (film, 1944)
Ivanov, Dmitry
Ivanov-Shits, I. A.
Izvestiya (newspaper)
Jackson, Michael
James I of England
Japan, war with Russia (1904–5)
Jenkinson, Anthony
Jeremiah, Patriarch of Constantinople
Junkers, The, defend the Kremlin against the Bolsheviks
Kabardino-Balkaria
Kaganovich, Lazar
Kalinin, Mikhail
Kalitnikovo, brick factory
Kalka River
Kalyaev, Ivan
Kamenev, Lev
Kameneva, Olga
Kaplan, Fanya
Kapuscinski, Ryszard
Karakorum (capital of the Mongol Empire)
Karamzin, Nikolai; History of the Russian State; Notes on Ancient and Modern Russia
Kazakhstan
Kazakov, Matvei
Kazan, captured by Ivan the Terrible
Kazan Cathedral, St Petersburg
Kazan Cathedral, Moscow
Kazan Khanate
Kazy-Girey (Tatar leader)
KGB
Khamtsov, A. I.
Khan, Genghis see Chinghis Khan
Khasbulatov, Ruslan
Khazars
Khlebnikov, Sergei
Khodorkovsky, Mikhail
Khotinenko, Vladimir
Khovrin, Vladimir
Khovrin family
Khrushchev, Nikita: and Josef Stalin; succeeds as Party Leader; repudiates Stalinism; plants orchard in the Kremlin; populism; builds Palace of Congresses in the Kremlin; removed as Party Leader
Khrushcheva, Nina Petrovna
Khwarezm
Kiev; seized by Vikings; arrival of Christianity; sacked by Mongol Horde; eclipsed as power base of Russia; ceases to be focus of Russian Orthodox Church; transferred from Polish to Russian rule 1686
Kirill-Beloozero Monastery
Kirov, Sergei
Kitai-gorod, Moscow xiv
Kliuchevsky, Vasily
Klyazma River
Knave of Diamonds (artists’ group)
Kohl, Helmut
Kolli, Nikolai
Kolomenskoe
Kolomna
Kolyvan (Tallinn)
Komissarzhevskaya, Vera
Komsomol
Kon, Fedor (architect)
Konchalovsky, Petr
Konenkov, S. T.
Konstantin Nikolaevich, Grand Duke
Konstantinov, Antip
Konyshev, Pavel
Korb, Johann Georg
Korean airline shot down by Soviets 1983
Korzhakov, Alexander
Kostikov, Vyacheslav
Kostof, Spiro, A History of Architecture, Settings and Rituals
Kosygin, Aleksei
Kozhevnikov, Russian Archive (journal)
Krasin, Leonid
Kremlenagrad (map)
Kremlin: arts and crafts workshops; bells; burials; contemporary management of; coronations; falcons ; fires (1337), (1343), (1365), (1445), (1470), (1473), (1493), (1547), (1571), (1619), (1626), (1682), (1701), (1737); hanging gardens; icons of the Saviour and St Nikola; library and archives; religious status; symbolic status
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