The Lady and Her Monsters

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The Lady and Her Monsters Page 27

by Roseanne Montillo


  and opium, 109

  and philosopher’s stone, 137, 138, 140–41

  and reanimation, 96–97

  and religion, 93, 95

  turning base metals into gold, 98, 137, 138

  and universal medicine, 139

  Aldini, Giovanni, 55, 84

  Essai théorique et expérimental sur le galvanisme, 58

  and experiments, 8–9, 10, 51, 56–59, 94, 209

  experiments on human cadavers, 57–59, 58, 62, 105

  and galvanism experiments, 58, 59–62, 69, 80, 85–88, 105, 209, 278

  and Lanzarini case, 60–62

  in London, 65–66, 68–69

  and melancholy madness, 60

  and Royal Humane Society, 75–77

  Alfieri, Vittorio, 162

  anatomizations:

  and body snatchers, see body snatching

  and grave robbers, 70–72

  and legislation, 233, 234–36, 276

  and murder for corpses, 217–18, 233–34, 276

  and natural philosophers, 44

  Parisian method (hands-on with cadavers), 69

  in private homes, 7

  and resurrection men, 70–74, 235

  see also dissection

  Anatomy Act (1832), 233, 234–35, 276

  animal electricity:

  effect of opiates on, 5

  and electrical storms, 8, 172

  and galvanism, 4–8, 10, 37, 49–52, 172

  apoplexy, 141

  “Ariel’s Song” (The Tempest), 250

  Arnold, Gottfried, 136

  Atkins, John, 78

  Azoth of the Red Lion, 98, 139

  Baroent, Christian, 70

  Baxter, Christina, 111

  Baxter, Isabella (Booth), 111, 278–79, 284

  Baxter, William Thomas, 111

  Beccaria, Giambattista, 50, 54

  Beddoes, Thomas, 35

  Bennett, Betty T., The Selected Letters of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, 153

  Berengario da Carpi, Jacopo, Commentaria, 44

  Bethell, Mr. (tutor), 104–5

  Bishop, Eliza, 166

  Bishop, John, 233–34, 233, 276

  Blenkinsop, Mrs. (midwife), 19

  Blessington, Lady, 156, 177

  blood:

  for curative purposes, 139

  iron in, 7

  body snatching:

  Anatomy Act vs., 233, 234–35, 276

  attempts to prevent, 207–9, 276–78

  in Bologna, 46–47

  in Edinburgh, 173

  and Frankenstein (fict.), 277, 286, 287

  and grave robbers, 70–72

  murder for corpses, 217–18, 233–34, 276

  in New York, 275–76

  and resurrection men, 69, 70–74, 75, 235

  Boerhaave, Herman, 140

  Boerhaave syndrome, 140

  Bolivar (boat), 254, 256

  Bologna, 3–4, 8

  body snatching in, 46–47

  carnival in, 41, 43

  crime rate in, 42

  dissections in, 44, 45

  punishments in, 42–43

  Bonney, John Augustus, 34

  Booth, David, 111

  Booth, Isabella Baxter, 111, 278–79, 284

  Booth, Margaret Baxter, 111

  Boyle, Robert, The Sceptical Chymist, 139

  Bride of Frankenstein (film), 287

  Brockbank, William, 49

  Brookes, Joshua, 74

  Brooks, Mel, 287

  Bürger, Gottfried, Lenore, 14

  Burke, William, 217–31

  dissection of body of, 231

  and grave robbing, 219

  hanging of, 228–30, 229

  and Hare, see Burke and Hare

  Hare’s testimony against, 227–28

  Burke and Hare:

  and Anatomy Act, 233, 235, 276

  copycat crimes, 233–34, 233, 235, 276, 277

  Daft Jamie as victim of, 224–25, 225

  Docherty as final victim of, 225–26, 226

  Donald as first victim of, 218, 219, 220

  evidence lacking against, 226–27

  and Knox, 219–20, 222–24, 227, 232

  literature influenced by, 232

  locating victims for, 221–22, 227

  and Paterson, 223–24

  procedure used by (“Burking”), 221, 226

  prostitutes as victims of, 221, 223–24

  and second murder, 220–21

  total murders by, 222

  trial of, 227–28

  Byron, Augusta Ada (daughter), 158–59

  Byron, George Gordon, Lord:

  on abstinence, 157

  and Annabella (wife), 156, 158–59

  Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, 123

  and Claire, 154, 159–61, 165, 169–70, 183–84, 185, 191, 244, 245

  death of, 264–66

  and ghost story competition, 176–79, 183

  in Greece, 263–64

  health of, 262

  in Italy, 251–53, 256, 262

  melancholy of, 262–64

  and Percy’s death, 257–59, 262–63

  physical traits of, 155, 157, 251

  and Polidori, 161, 163–65, 169, 175–76, 184–85, 187–89, 190

  psychotic traits of, 156–57, 159, 263

  reputation of, 154–56, 160, 162, 166, 168, 170–71, 185

  sexual appetites of, 163, 164, 168–70

  in Switzerland, 168–80

  tall tales told by, 157–58

  travels in Europe, 133, 160–61

  and “The Vampyre,” 188–89

  Byron, Capt. John “Mad Jack,” 154, 156

  Caldani, Floriano, 50

  Carlisle, Anthony, 10, 21, 34, 52, 278

  Carminati, Bassiano, 51, 52

  Cavallo, Tiberius, 105–6

  A Complete Treatise on Electricity, 106

  Chatterton, H., 102

  Clairmont, Allegra (daughter), 240, 242, 244

  Clairmont, Charles Goules, 30

  Clairmont, Jane (later Claire):

  and Byron, 154, 159–61, 165, 169–70, 183–84, 185, 191, 244, 245

  child born to, 196

  childhood of, 13, 15, 30

  dramatic flair of, 119–20

  and Fanny’s death, 193–94

  and Frankenstein, 202

  with Mary and Percy, 121, 125–34, 149–51, 161, 163–64, 165, 167, 191, 239–42

  melancholy of, 154

  nightmares of, 150

  and Percy, 149–51, 153, 154, 183, 242–44, 245

  and Percy’s death, 260

  pregnancy of, 160, 183–84, 191

  and Silsbee, 244–46

  in Switzerland, 169–70, 172

  as young adult, 113, 114

  Clairmont, Jane (mother):

  difficult personality of, 30–31

  and Fanny, 165, 166, 193

  and Godwin, 29–31

  and Mary, 13, 30, 113

  and Shelley, 127

  Clydesdale, Matthew, 209–16

  hanging of, 212

  murder committed by, 205–6

  postmortem experiments on body of, 214–16

  trial of, 206–7

  Cogan, Thomas, 76

  Colburn, Henry, 188

  Colcroft “Jack Ketch,” 83

  Coleridge, Samuel Taylor:

  Christabel, 177–79

  and Davy, 35, 36

  and Godwin, 13–14

  influence of, 17, 177

  opium used by, 14

  The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, 11, 13–17, 112, 240

  Cook, Captain James, 14

  Cooke, Alistair, 273–76, 277

  Cooke, Susan, 274–76

  Corkindale, Doctor, 211

  Crouch, Ben, 71–72, 71, 74

  Cruncher and son, 71

  Daniels, Sarah, 78

  D’Arblay, Madame, 106

  Darwin, Erasmus, 9, 10

  Davy, Humphry, 9, 10, 14, 200

  and alchemy, 98

>   electrical experiments of, 17, 52, 94, 172, 278

  experiment with nitrous oxide, 35–36

  at Pneumatic Institution, 35

  reputation of, 36

  scientific lectures by, 36–37

  death, violent vs. spontaneous, 97

  demonology, 94

  Devil’s Bridge, Lake Zurich, 91–92

  Dickens, Charles, at Newgate Prison, 79–82

  Dippel, Johann Konrad, 136–41

  Dippel’s Oil, 139–40

  dissections:

  as anatomizations, see anatomizations

  and Day of Judgment, 84

  by Galen (on animals), 46

  by Galvani, 41–42, 43–44

  of hanged cadavers, 32, 43, 82, 83, 84

  of legally obtained cadavers, 235–36

  by Mondino, 44–45

  procedure of, 45

  public viewing of, 46, 48, 49

  as theatrical performances, 49, 76

  by Vesalius, 45, 47, 48

  Docherty, Marjory Campbell, 225–26, 226

  Don Juan (boat), 250, 253, 254–56, 259–60

  Dowden, Edward, 104, 112, 113, 115, 118, 119, 150

  Dracula (Stoker), 135, 189

  dragons, slaying, 135–36

  Drury Lane Theatre, 159

  Einstein, Albert, 143

  electrical storms:

  and animal electricity, 8, 172

  in Bologna, 3–4, 8

  and Byron’s death, 264

  in English Channel, 127, 128

  Franklin’s studies of, 6, 17, 66, 172

  lightning studies, 54

  in London, 17–18

  powers of, 9, 103, 172

  as sign of God’s wrath, 18

  in Switzerland, 168, 171–72, 177, 178

  electric batteries, 52, 57, 60, 88

  electricity:

  experiments in, 9, 17, 93, 94, 103–5, 106, 172, 214–16, 278

  and Frankenstein concept, 94

  and Leyden jar, 140

  for medical purposes, 66, 105

  and phantasmagoria, 151

  and sexuality, 67–68

  Empyreumatical Oyle, 139

  England, gothic horror tales in, 14

  epilepsy, cure for, 139

  Eyriès, Jean-Baptiste Benoît, 177

  Fantasmagoria (Eyriès, transl.), 177

  Florescu, Radu, 134

  Foggi, Elise, 240–43

  Foggi, Paolo, 240–43

  Ford, Doctor (priest), 84

  Fordyce, Doctor, 20

  Fortune of War pub, 74, 75, 234

  Foster, George, 77–79, 82, 84–85, 86–88, 209, 278

  Foster, Jane, 77–79, 85

  Foster, Louisa, 77–79, 85

  France:

  cadavers obtained in, 69

  laws against galvanic experiments, 209

  Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (M. Shelley), 10, 63, 180

  adaptations and rewriting of, 266–69, 285–87

  authorship of, 198, 201–2, 266

  critical reviews of, 197–98, 201–2, 284–85

  and ghost story competition, 163, 176–80, 269

  inspiration for, 10, 16, 17, 94–96, 100, 129, 130–31, 134, 172, 174, 179, 269

  natural world depicted in, 129

  publication of, 197, 207, 239, 266

  success of, 266, 285

  writing of, 176–80, 183, 191, 197, 239

  Frankenstein (film), 285–86

  Frankenstein, Sir George, 135–36

  Frankenstein, Victor (fict.), 10, 88, 180

  and alchemy, 92, 94, 95–96, 97–98, 100

  and body snatching, 277, 286, 287

  name of, 134

  and natural philosophy, 199–200, 201

  parallels in real life, 101, 136

  revised versions of, 268–69

  in stage productions, 267, 285

  Frankenstein family, 134–36

  Frankenstein Meets the Wolf-Man (film), 287

  Frankenstein Unbound (Aldiss), 271

  Franklin, Benjamin, 6, 17, 66, 172

  French Revolution, 93

  frogs, experimentation on, 3, 4–6, 5, 8, 9, 37, 50–51, 52, 55, 94, 105

  Fuseli, Henry, 22, 27

  Fuseli, Sophia, 22

  Galeazzi, Domenico Gusmano, 7

  Galen, Claudius, 45–46, 48

  Galvani, Barbara, 7

  Galvani, Camillo, 3–4

  Galvani, Domenico, 7

  Galvani, Lucia, 6, 7, 55

  Galvani, Luigi, 41

  and animal electricity, 4–8, 10, 37, 49–52, 172

  apparatus used by, 6, 50, 65, 76

  “Carnival Lessons,” 39

  Commentaries, 8, 50, 51, 54

  death of, 55

  De viribus electricitatis in motu musculari commentarius, 50, 56

  dissections performed by, 41–42, 43–44

  early years of, 7

  experimentation on frogs, 4–6, 5, 8, 50–51, 52, 55, 94

  and Volta, 52, 54–55

  galvanism, 9, 105–7

  experiments on frogs, 37, 106

  experiments on human cadavers, 37, 58, 59, 62, 65, 69, 80, 85–88, 105, 209, 214–15

  experiments on live humans, 59–62, 85–86, 106

  laws against experiments in, 209

  Mary Shelley influenced by, 172–73, 177, 278

  Garnerin brothers, 151

  gases, experiments with, 35–36

  gastrointestinal system, studies of, 7

  George III, king of England, 106

  Germany, gothic horror tales of, 14

  Gespensterbuch, Das (German ghost tales), 177

  Ghost of Frankenstein, The (film), 287

  Gibbet of Montfaucon, 47

  Giddy, Davies, 35

  Gillies, Lord, 206, 207

  Gisborne, Maria, 30, 193

  Godwin, Fanny, see Imlay, Fanny

  Godwin, Jane Clairmont (William’s second wife), see Clairmont, Jane (mother)

  Godwin, Mary:

  birth of, 17, 18–20

  childhood of, 13, 15, 29

  in Dundee, 111–12

  and her father, 30, 110–11, 112–13, 120, 126–27, 148, 154, 248, 261

  and her mother, 28, 112–13, 154

  and her stepmother, 13, 30, 113

  marriage of, see Shelley, Mary Godwin

  pregnancy of, 149

  waking dreams of, 110, 174

  Godwin, Philipp Huel, 196

  Godwin, William:

  begging letters written by, 196

  and Coleridge, 13–14

  correspondence with prisoners, 34

  and Fanny’s death, 192–93

  and Frankenstein, 201, 202

  and in-laws, 166

  intellectual gatherings of, 13, 14, 16, 277–78

  and Jane (second wife), 29–31

  and Mary (daughter), 30, 110–11, 112–13, 120, 126–27, 148, 151, 154, 196, 248, 251, 260, 261

  and Mary (first wife), 21–22, 24–28, 31

  Memoirs of the Author of “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman,” 26–27

  and Percy, 101–2, 119–20, 126, 196

  and Percy’s death, 261

  St. Leon, 29–30, 198

  and wife Mary’s death in childbirth, 14, 18–21

  Godwin, William (son), 31

  Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, Faust, 94

  Going, Sarah, 79

  golem tales, 99–100

  Graham, James, 66–68, 68

  and Celestial Bed, 67

  and Temple of Health, 66–67

  grave robbers, 70–72, 173–74

  Gray, Ann, 225–26

  Greece, Byron in, 263–64

  Grimm, brothers, 100

  Grimm, Jacob, Journal for Hermits, 100

  Grove, Charles, 173, 278

  Guiccioli, Countess, 170

  Guy de Chauliac, 44

  Haggerty, Owen, 33

  Haller’s principle, 62

  hallucinogenics, experimentation
with, 36

  hangings, public, 31–34

  and anatomization/dissection, 32, 43, 69, 82, 83, 207, 211, 229, 231

  announcements of, 32, 42

  in Edinburgh, 228–30, 229

  and galvanism, 86–88

  at Newgate Prison, 80, 81, 234

  at Old Bailey, 32, 74

  in Paris, 47

  proceedings of, 83

  repeated, 84

  souvenirs of, 230, 231

  and violent mobs, 31, 33

  Hare, Margaret, 217, 218, 228, 232

  Hare, William, 217–28

  and Burke, see Burke and Hare

  as immune from prosecution, 227, 228

  in later years, 232

  testimony of, 227–28

  Harnett, Bill, 72

  Harnett, Jack, 72

  Hawes, William, 76

  heart, restarting, 62, 86

  Heine, Heinrich, “The Loreley,” 132

  Helmholtz, Hermann, 4

  Heseler, Baldasar, 48

  Hobart, Jane, 77

  Hobhouse, John, 185

  Hogg, Jane Williams, 249, 254, 260–61, 284

  Hogg, Thomas Jefferson:

  and Harriet, 116

  and Jane, 260–61

  and Mary, 152–53, 261

  and Percy, 103–5, 107–8, 114–15, 116, 117, 153

  Shelley at Oxford, 103

  Hohenheim, Elsa von, 91, 92

  Hohenheim, Philippus, see Paracelsus

  Hohenheim, Wilhelm, 92

  Holcroft, Thomas, 26

  Holloway, John, 33

  homunculus, 92, 96–97

  Hookman, Thomas Jr., 194

  Hoppners, 242

  horror tales, 14, 16

  human bodies:

  anatomizations of, see anatomizations; dissections

  and body snatchers, see body snatching

  buried alive, 76

  dismembered and sold, 73

  experiments on, 9, 37, 57–59, 58, 60–62, 65, 69, 85–88, 105, 209, 214–15

  and homunculus, 92, 96–97

  reawakening the dead, 93–94

  salted and pickled, 73

  humors, 46

  Hunt, Leigh, 257, 258, 259, 261

  Imlay, Fanny, 151, 154, 171

  birth of, 22–23, 27

  childhood of, 18, 29

  and melancholy, 167

  as outsider, 113, 165–67, 192

  suicide of, 191–94

  Imlay, Gilbert, 22–23, 24, 27

  Indonesia:

  Ring of Fire, 146

  Tambora eruption in, 145–48

  Industrial Revolution, 93

  iron, in the blood, 7

  Italy:

  Byron in, 251–53, 256, 262

  Mary in, 239–40, 246–48, 279–84

  Jeffrey, James, 207, 212, 215–16

  Jewish tradition, golem in, 99–100

  Karloff, Boris, 285

  Ketch, Jack (Colcroft), 83

  Kincaid, Douglas, 184

  Knox, Robert, 217, 220

  and Burke and Hare, 219–20, 222–24, 227, 232

  in later years, 232

  and Paterson, 223–24

  Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor and James, 197

  Lamb, Lady Caroline, 155

  Lamb, Charles, 14, 30

  Lancet, The, 235

 

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