The Third Reich at War

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The Third Reich at War Page 118

by Richard J. Evans


  Harnack-Fish, Mildred

  Harrer, Heinrich

  Harris, Arthur ‘Bomber’

  Hartheim

  Harvest Festival, Operation

  Hasinger, Fritz

  Hassell, Ulrich von

  Haushofer, Albrecht

  Haushofer, Karl

  Hausknecht, Rudolf

  Hawaii

  Hay, Operation

  heavy water

  Hebrew

  Hedin, Sven

  Heidelberg University

  Heim, Heinrich

  Heinkel (bombers)

  Heinrici, Gotthard

  deep-seated prejudices

  and Operation Barbarossa

  on occupation of Soviet Union

  on winter war

  sceptical about Hitler as commander

  reputation as defensive tactician

  background and career

  commitment to continuing to fight

  allegiance to Hitler

  and Speer’s plans to preserve infrastructure

  resignation

  postwar life

  Heisenberg, Werner

  Heissmeyer, Kurt

  Helldorf, Wolf Heinrich Count von

  Helmbrechts sub-camp

  Helmstedt

  Helsinki

  Henlein, Konrad

  Henriot, Philippe

  hepatitis

  Hereditary Health Matters, Reich Committee for

  hereditary theory of disease

  Hermann G̈ring Reich Works

  Hess, Rudolf

  Hesse

  heterochromia

  Heyde, Werner

  Heydrich, Reinhard

  creation of Reich Security Head Office

  and German army’s atrocities in Poland

  and Germanization programmes in Poland

  encourages Kr̈ger

  and deportation of Jews

  establishment of ghettos

  policies against Gypsies

  and ‘euthanasia action’ programme

  and plan to kidnap Duke and Duchess of Windsor

  and Herbert Backe

  Commissar Order

  and Task Forces

  plans for ‘total solution of the Jewish question’

  approves use of gas chambers

  at Wannsee Conference (1942)

  implementation of ‘final solution’

  racial policies in Protectorate

  character

  and segregation of forced labourers

  visits Paris (May 1942)

  and extermination of Gypsies

  assassinated

  Hildesheim

  Hilfrich, Antonius, Bishop of Limburg

  Himalayas

  Himmler, Heinrich

  clashes with Hans Frank

  creation of Reich Security Head Office

  appointed Reich Commissioner for the Strengthening of the German Race

  population transfer programmes

  policy on Jews in Poland

  and anti-Jewish legislation in Germany

  and the ‘Gypsy problem’

  observes gassing of mental patients

  and ‘euthanasia action’ programme

  interrogation of Georg Elser

  on aim of war against Soviet Union

  General Plan for the East

  visits Task Forces in occupied east

  granted complete control over ‘security measures’ in east

  orders mass execution of Jews in east

  and mass deportation of Jews from Reich

  creation of genocidal mentality

  development of genocidal policy

  acceleration of killing programme

  and Heydrich

  implementation of ‘final solution’

  establishment of Auschwitz

  orders ‘liquidation’ of ghettos

  and Speer

  and the SS economic empire

  and labour mobilization schemes

  restructuring of concentration camps’ administration

  and French occupation administration

  deportation of Jews from Western Europe

  Ancestral Heritage organization

  establishment of Military SS

  Reich Interior Minister

  and judiciary

  and corruption in concentration camps

  extermination of Gypsies

  policy on homosexuals

  and population growth

  and Arno Breker

  and closure of universities

  and medical experimentation

  and Warsaw uprising (1944)

  and July 1944 plotters

  and ‘wonder-weapons’

  and ‘People’s Storm’

  murderous mentality of final weeks

  and Count Bernadotte

  last days in the bunker

  leaves Berlin

  secret negotiations with Swedish Red Cross

  suicide

  Hindenburg, Paul von

  Hippler, Fritz

  Hirt, August

  historians

  History of National Socialism, Research Centre for the

  Hitler, Adolf

  German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact (1939)

  invasion of Poland

  ‘peace offer’ to Britain

  plans for occupied Poland

  admiration for Stalin

  amnesty for German army’s actions in Poland

  preference for subordinates to fight each other

  strips Hans Frank of Party offices

  visits Jewish quarter of Kielce

  plans for removal of Jews from the Reich

  plans for elimination of ‘degenerates’

  and ‘euthanasia action’ programme

  annual address to Party Regional Leaders

  assassination attempt (November 1939)

  Munich beer-hall putsch (1923)

  determined to attack Britain and France

  Army chiefs’ conspiracy against

  invasion of Norway

  halts German advance through France

  Hitler, Adolf - cont.

  and signing of French Armistice

  conquest of France high-point of his popularity

  sight-seeing trip to Paris

  ambivalence towards British

  plans for invasion of Britain

  and Battle of Britain

  negotiations with Franco

  relations with Mussolini

  meeting with Haj Amin al-Husseini

  invasion of Yugoslavia and Greece

  supports Antonescu in Romania

  plans for conquest of Russia

  and Hess’s mission to Britain

  his monologues

  and treatment of Russian prisoners of war

  establishes ‘Wolf’s Lair’

  plans for occupied Soviet territory

  orders diversion of forces to south of Soviet Union

  and march on Moscow

  winter clothes for troops appeal

  takes command of military operations

  grants Himmler control of ‘security measures’ in occupied east

  mass murder of East European Jews reflection of his beliefs

  ‘prophecy’ on annihilation of Jews

  declares war on USA

  increasing rhetorical attacks on Jews

  sanctions mass deportations of Jews from Reich

  creation of genocidal mentality

  justification of genocidal policy

  appoints Heydrich Reich Protector

  anger at Heydrich’s assassination

  and food shortages

  report on Reinhard Action

  and restructuring of armaments production

  appointment of Speer to replace Todt

  and the ‘New Order’

  and labour mobilization

  and women in workforce

  and deportation of Jews from Western Europe

  anger at Nazi allies refusal to deport remainder of Jews />
  and summer offensive in east (1942)

  open contempt for army leadership

  and Battle of Stalingrad (1942-43)

  and ‘total war’ initiative

  launches ‘terror raids’ on Britain

  growing popular disillusionment with

  talks with King of Bulgaria (1943)

  rescue of Mussolini

  assents to German retreat from Caucaus

  and Battle of Kursk (1943)

  distrust of army

  donations to senior army officers

  and Nazi political education of soldiers

  guidelines for courts-martial

  increasing withdrawal from public view

  physical deterioration

  fragmentation of government

  interventions with judiciary

  views on homosexuality

  concern at falling birth rate

  anti-Christian policies

  passion for music

  art collecting

  and medical experimentation

  and deportation of Hungarian Jews

  assassination attempts (1943)

  July 1944 assassination plot

  kidnap of Admiral H’rthy’s son

  Battle of the Bulge (1944 - 5)

  ‘wonder-weapons’

  ‘People’s Storm’

  last speech (30 January 1945)

  final proclamations to armed forces

  murderous mentality of final weeks

  refuses to surrender

  ‘Nero order’ (March

  last days in the bunker

  marriage

  suicide

  disposal of body

  ‘Political Testament’

  announcement of his death

  My Struggle

  Table Talk

  Hitler Youth

  in occupied Poland

  Schirach as head

  evacuation scheme

  and ideological education of German soldiers

  and ‘Swing Youth’

  influence on schools

  labour schemes

  and liquidation of concentration camps

  in last weeks of war

  see also League of German Girls

  Hlinka, Andrej

  Hlinka Guard

  Hochtief (construction company)

  Hoepner, Erich

  Hof

  Hofer, Walter Andreas

  Hoffmann, Heinrich

  Hoffmann, Kurt-Rudolf

  Ḧfle, Hermann

  Hohensalza

  Hohlenlynchen

  Holland

  German invasion

  government in exile

  deportation of Jews from

  empire

  sequestration of equipment and materials

  exports to Germany

  and the ‘New Order’

  aircraft production

  Dutch civilian workers in Germany

  political prisoners in concentration camps

  administration during occupation

  Jewish population

  antisemitism

  Churches

  labour camps

  persecution of Dutch Jews

  Military SS recruitment

  confiscation of artworks

  Allied forces advance into

  surrender of German forces

  homosexuals, homosexuality

  Hood (cruiser)

  Horowitz, Vladimir

  horses

  H’rthy, Mikl’s

  H’rthy, Mikl’s (son)

  Hosenfeld, Wilm

  on life in Warsaw ghetto

  on German conquest of France

  Hosenfeld, Wilm - cont.

  on treatment of Russian prisoners of war

  on operation of concentration camps

  on extermination of Jews

  hatred for Nazism

  rescue of Jews

  and Warsaw uprising (1944)

  imprisonment and death

  Ḧss, Rudolf

  on Task Force shootings

  commandant of Auschwitz

  transferred to concentration camp inspectorate

  treatment of homosexuals

  ordered to destroy Auschwitz

  contemplates suicide

  trial and execution

  Hoth, Hermann

  housing shortages

  Hradˇany Castle

  Huber, Kurt

  Hudal, Bishop Alois

  Hungary

  Polish Jews flee to

  Romanian territory ceded to

  and German invasion of Yugoslavia and Greece

  and German invasion of Soviet Union

  oil supplies

  declares war on USA

  and planned extermination of Jews

  deportation of Jews from

  Hungarian civilian workers in Germany

  German influence in

  refusal to deport remainder of Jews

  German troops invade

  Red Army approaches

  Arrow Cross

  leaves alliance with Germany

  Red Army occupation

  ‘hunger plan’

  Huntington’s disease

  Huntsville, Alabama

  Hurricane (fighter-plane)

  Husseini, Haj Amin al-

  Huta (engineering company)

  I Accuse (film)

  Iasi

  If This Is a Man (Levi)

  I. G. Farben

  India

  Inner Mission

  Inochentists

  intelligentsia

  in Poland

  in Soviet Union

  Interior, Reich Ministry of the

  Iraq

  Ireland

  iron

  Iron Guard, Romanian

  Isopescu, Modest

  Israel

  Italy

  emigration from Poland to

  annexation of Ethiopia

  enters war

  invasion of Greece

  North African debacle

  and German invasion of Yugoslavia and Greece

  reaction to Croatian genocide

  and German invasion of Soviet Union

  declares war on USA

  deportation of Jews from

  oil consumption

  Italian civilian workers in Germany

  German influence in

  Allied invasion

  defection to Allied side

  puppet regime at Salò

  treatment of Jews during German occupation

  introduction of malaria to Pontine marshes

  execution of Mussolini

  surrender of German forces

  Jacobs, Artur

  J̈ger, August

  Jannings, Emil

  Jantausch, Pavel

  Japan

  Jasenovac concentration camp

  jaundice

  Jeckeln, Friedrich

  Jehovah’s Witnesses

  Jelesi’, Milorad

  Jena

  Jerusalem

  Jeschonnek, Hans

  Jesuits

  jet aircraft

  Jew S̈ss (film)

  Jewish Councils

  in ghettos

  in Amsterdam

  in Hungary

  Jewish Culture League

  Jewish World Congress

  ‘Jewish world conspiracy’

  Jews

  atrocities against in Poland

  and Germanization programmes in Poland

  emigration

  yellow star badges

  in Soviet-occupied Polish territory

  destruction of synagogues

  pogrom of November 1938 (’Night of Broken Glass’)

  regarded as race apart in Germany

  as distinctive national minority in Poland

  ‘Eastern Jews’

  antisemitic feature films

  foundation of ghettos in Poland

  deportation of groups of Jews into General Government

 
plans for removal of Jews from the Reich

  forced labour schemes

  confiscation of property

  German Jews moved into ‘residence camps’

  ‘mixed-race’ Jews

  in psychiatric institutions

  ‘mixed marriages’

  in North Africa

  massacred by Romanian Iron Guard

  in Croatia

  in Bulgaria

  atrocities against in Soviet Union

  mass executions in occupied east

  genocide of Romanian Jews

  atrocities against in Yugoslavia

  Hitler prophesizes annihilation

  mass deportation of Jews from Reich

  growing restrictions on German Jews

  ghettos in occupied east

  Jews - cont.

  development of genocidal policy against

  first extermination camps

  in Serbia

  development of ‘final solution of Jewish question’

  ‘Reinhard Action’ extermination camps

  in Majdanek

  in Auschwitz

  in Hungary

  in Theresienstadt

  transitional confinement in ghettos

  Nazi ideology blames Jews for all ills

  total numbers killed by Nazis

  Aryanization of Jewish businesses and property

  treatment of Jews in France

  deportation of Jews from Western Europe

  persecution of Dutch Jews

  treatment of Jewish populations in Nazi’s allies

  partisan groups

  barred from public air-raid shelters

  treatment of Jews in Italy

  public knowledge of genocide

  rescue attempts

  studies of alleged Jewish racial characteristics

  medical experimentation on

  massacred by Hungarian Arrow Cross

  ‘death marches’

  expressions of sympathy for

  memorials to Nazism’s victims

  restitution of confiscated property

  see also antisemitism; ghettos; Judaism

  Jews’ Houses

  Jews, Reich Association of

  Jochum, Eugen

  Jodl, Alfred

  Johst, Hanns

  jokes

  Jong, Jan de, Bishop of Utrecht

  Jordan, Olaf

  Joyce, William (’Lord Haw-Haw’)

  Judaism

  judiciary see also courts; Justice, Reich Ministry of

  July 1944 bomb plot

  Junghans, Franz

  Junkers (bombers)

  Junkers factory

  Justice, Reich Ministry of

  Kabasta, Osvald

  Kaiser Wilhelm Society institutes

  Kalla’y, Miklo’s

  Kalmenhof psychiatric reformatory

  Kaltenbrunner, Ernst

  Kamenetsk-Podolsk

  Kammhuber, Josef

  Kammler, Hans

  Kaplan, Chaim

  Kapp putsch (1920)

  Kappler, Herbert

  Karajan, Herbert von

  Karelia

  Karlshof

  Karski, Jan

  Kassel

  Kattowitz

  Katyn’ Forest massacre

  Katyusha rocket launcher

  Kaufbeuren-Irsee asylum

  Kaufman, Theodore N.

  Kaufmann, Karl

  Kazakhstan

 

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