Bebba, Queen of Anglia 139
BEDE 193
Bede 27, 94, 97, 98, 102, 107, 113, 122, 168, 181–2, 191–6, 198–9, 201–2, 206–7, 208
on Aethelfrith of Bernicia 169, 170–71
Caedmon, story of 232 (box)
on conversion of Northumbria to Christianity 175
on Cuthbert’s last days 214–17
on Edwin on Northumbria 173
monasteries, on expansion of 222–3
Northumbrian domination of north, end of 210
on Pictish power in the north 221–2
pre-Christian sacred places, re-use of 226
on Saxon uprisings 99–100
De Temporum Ratione 228–9
Belatucadros 126
Belerion 15
Beli, King of Strathclyde 247
Belisarius 117
Beltane Celtic feast 21
Beltane in May 34
Bennachie 64
Berbers 46, 67
Berkshire 49
Bernicia (Bernaccia or Berneich) 5, 122, 123, 124, 131, 133, 139, 140, 141, 145, 163, 166, 167, 169, 178, 183, 202, 253, 257–9
Deira and 171, 177
Greater Bernicia 185
lost knigdom, effect on Scotland of 237–8
Berrybush 7
Berwickshire 124, 154, 184, 202
Bewcastle (Bothecaestor) 126, 226–8, 229–30, 231
Birdoswald 71, 95
Birkenwood 51
Birley, Robin 31
Birrens 23, 35, 50, 79, 127
Biscay, Bay of 14, 46, 106
Bishop, Benedict 181
Black Death 225
Black Sea 47, 83
Blairlomond 240
Blatobulgium 35, 50, 79
Blebo (Bladeboig) 50
Bohun, Sir Henry de 147
Boisil, Abbot of Old Melrose 190–91, 195, 196
Bolton 186
BONEDD GWYR Y GOGLEDD 244
Border Abbeys 179–80
Border Reivers 168
Borthwick Water 4
Boudicca 84
Bowness 24
Brampton 23
Bregion (Bremenium) 112, 114
Bridei, King of the Picts 208, 221
Brigantes 41, 49, 66, 67
Britannia 22, 23, 28, 67, 68, 69, 79–81, 84, 86–90, 94, 96, 98, 101, 114, 188
BRITISH CUCKOOS 115
BRITISH GAULISH 57
British Museum 200, 221
Britons 29, 31, 47, 48, 68, 97, 103, 111, 121 (box), 159, 169, 171, 173, 210
of Strathclyde 75, 78, 82, 239–40, 241, 243, 247
BRITTANY AND AMESBURY 105
Brittany (Armorica) 103
Britttunculi 31
Bruce, King Robert 47, 72, 147
Brunanburh, battle of 254, 255–6 (box), 257
bubonic plague (’great death’) 119–20
Buckingham 253
burial rituals 224–5
Burnswark Hill 34, 35, 80
Bute, Isle of 241
Caddonlea 258–9
Cademuir hill forts 154
Cadwallon, King of Gwynedd 106, 176, 177, 197
CAEDMON 232
Caereni 78
Caerleon 55, 91
Cair Lion 111
Cairncross 184
Cairnryan 132
Caithness 252
Calchvynydd 73
Caledonia (and Caledonians) 9, 29, 52, 62, 63, 64, 65, 70, 81–2, 84, 87
Calgacus 64
Caligula 26
Callanish 21, 23
Callendar Park 75
Calpurnius 95
Camberwell 106
Camboglanna 116
Camlann 115, 116
Canna 108, 109, 178, 179
Caracalla 85
Cardoness 202
Carham, battle of 9, 259
Carlisle 22, 23, 24, 30–1, 35, 49, 93, 94, 95, 107, 124, 130, 132, 145, 208, 209
CARLISLE, KING ARTHUR IN 131
Carn na Marbh 225
Carpow 84
Carron River 242
Carsluith 202
Carthage 46, 117
Cartimandua 41, 84
Carvetii 30, 66, 93, 132, 145
Carwinley (Caer Gwenddolau) 126
Cassius, Dio 82, 84
Castlesteads (Camboglanna) 116, 127
Cat Bregion 111
Cat Coit Celidon 111, 112
Catraeth 145–7, 150, 157
CATRAETH, LORDS OF 144
The Catrail 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 44, 259
Catrawt of Calchvynydd 168, 172
Catterick 124, 138, 168, 185
Causewayhead 51
Celidon Wood 111
Celtic armies 64, 65
Celtic festivals 34
Celtic kingdoms of southern Scotland 116
Celyddon 130
Cenel Conaill 183
Ceolfrith, Abbot of Monkwearmouth 212, 218
Ceredigion 101
Ceretic 135
Cerialis, Petilius 22, 23, 24, 28, 29, 30, 38, 41, 49, 53
Charlemagne 166, 210, 211 (box), 249
Chester (Deva) 69, 91, 100, 258
battle of 171–2
Chesterholm (Vindolanda) 23
Cheviot Hills 4, 30, 41, 43, 49, 68, 69, 73, 113, 114, 123, 169, 174, 226, 237, 259
Chlorus, Constantius 87
Christianity 92, 93, 96, 105, 107, 109, 110, 146, 154
early Christian churches and crosses 227–8
links between sacred and temporal power 165–6
religion of the Word 185
Chronicle of the Kings of Scotland 257
Chronicle of the Princes 250
Cicero 219
Ciminian Forest 29
Cirencester 93, 253
Clach an Truiseal 21
Clach na Manau 9, 52
Clach nam Breatann (“Stone of the Britons”) 239–40, 241, 243
Clackmannanshire 9, 52
Clan Chattan 9
Clan McEachern 60
Classis Britannica 63
Claudius 24, 26, 27, 40
Clemens, Quintilius 89, 96
Clovis, King 161
Clyde (Clota)
Clyde Valley 72, 74, 75, 107, 242–3, 248–9, 252
Firth of 51, 240–43
River Clyde 89, 96
Cnap na Criche 240
Cocidius 126, 227
Coel Hen 201, 244 (box)
Coenwulf, King of Mercia 222
Colchester 26, 27, 40, 49
Coldingham, priory at 184, 202, 235
Colman, Bishop of Lindisfarne 203–4, 205
Commodus 80, 81
Coninia Stone 151, 152
Connaught, Queen Medb of 58
Constans 87
Constantine, King of Alba 247–8, 251, 253–4
Constantine III 90, 92, 93, 104
Constantinople 118, 119
Continental Celtic (P-Celtic) 43, 44, 45, 47, 56, 59, 75
Cooley, Brown Bull of 58
Corbridge 23, 30–1, 35, 49, 68, 80
Corionototae 66
Cornovii 101
Coroticus 96, 243, 244
Covenanters 151
Cramond 83
Kirk at 167–8
Roman fort at 167–8
Crawford 71
Crinan 165
Cruggleton 60
Cuchulainn 58, 61, 64
Culen, King of Alba 257
Culloden 9
Culross 189, 245, 246 (box)
Cumberbatch 106
Cumbraes 241
Cumbria 30, 41, 106, 128, 251–2, 257
Cunedda Wledig 100, 101, 112, 138
Curle, Alexander 188
Curle, James 67
Cymru (Wales) 5, 106, 120, 177, 252
Dacia 67, 69, 70
Dalkey (Silumnus) 28
Dalmatia 43
Dalriada 165–7, 173, 221–2, 241, 250
importation of luxuries 166–7
Damnonii (Dumnonii) 74, 75, 88, 89
, 96, 242
Danube 43, 69, 83
DARK AGES RECESSION 102
David, King of Israel 166, 249
David I of Scotland 194
Dawston 169
Decianus, Catellius 89
Dee River and Estuary 4, 5
Degsastan (Degsa’s Stone) 5–6, 169, 170, 171, 191
Deifr 131
Deira, Angle kingdom of 5, 69, 128, 131, 145, 171, 178, 197, 198, 253
Denisesburn, battle at 177–8, 197, 203
Dere Street 35, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 80, 82, 114, 145, 168, 170, 233
Deskford 76, 77, 78
DESNES CRO 54
Dicalydones 86
Din Eidyn (Edinburgh Castle Rock) 6, 49, 145, 168, 185, 211
Dionysius Exiguus 229
Domesday Book 124, 252
Domitian 37, 38, 39, 62
Domnall Brecc, King of Dalriada 177, 242
Donatus, Antonius 89
Dorchester 253–4
Dorren, David 241–2
Dreva Craig 44
Druids 224–5
Drumalban (’Druim Albainn’) 178, 242
Drumburgh 24
Drumelzier (Dunmedler) 44
Dryburgh Abbey 180
Drythelm of Melrose 181–3, 182 (box)
Duglas River 111
Dumbarton Rock (Alt Clut) 74, 75, 189, 243–4, 244 (box), 245, 247, 250–51
Dumfries (and Dumfriesshire) 54, 115, 132, 184, 202, 213, 245, 252
Dumnonia 74, 121 (box)
Dumyat (Dun of the Maeatae) 81
Dun Breatainn 75
Dunadd 165–7, 243
Dunblane 9
Dunkeld (Dun Chaillden) 81
Dunmail Raise, battle of 257
Dunnet Head 13
Dunnichen, battle of 147, 208–9, 210, 221
Dunnotar 252
Dunragit (Dun-Rheged) 124, 132
Durham Cathedral 191, 199–200, 207–8
Dyfed 90
Dyfnwal III, King of Strathclyde 257
Dysart 108
Eadfrith, Bishop of Lindisfarne 185, 191–2, 217, 218, 219–20, 221
Eaglescairnie 154
Eaglesham 154
Ealdred, son of Eadwulf of Bamburgh 251
Eamont Bridge 251–2
Eanfled, Queen 203–4
Eanfrith, brother of Aethelfrith 171, 177
East Anglia 99
East Linton (Lyneryngham) 185
East Lothian 49, 76, 115, 154, 185, 186, 187, 190, 257
East Poldar 51
East Riding of Yorkshire 128
Easter Aquhorthies 22
EASTER TABLES 204
Eastertide 203, 204 (box), 228–9
Ebrauc 127, 128, 130, 131
Ecclefechan 201
Eccles 154
Ecclesiastical History of the English People (Bede) 27–8, 94, 97, 168, 169, 176, 193 (box), 197, 226
Ecgfrith, King of Northumbria 194, 206–8, 213, 221
Ecgred, Bishop of Lindisfarne 179
Eddius Stephanus 236
Eden River (and Valley) 22, 30, 50, 94
Edgar, King of England 257–8
Edinburgh 69, 73, 138, 142, 145
see also Din Eidyn
Ednam 195
Edward II 72
Edwin, King of Northumbria (and Deira) 123, 131, 171, 172–6, 177
Edwinscliff 233
Egbert, Bishop of York 222
Eildon, battle of 233
Eildon Hill North 8, 49, 68, 69, 179
Eldbotle 186
Eltref 7
Emrys Wledig 104
Eormenburh, Queen 208, 209
Epidii 60, 78
Epidion Akron 60
Epistola ad Acircium 212
Esk River 24, 124, 126
Eskdale Hills 31
Estrahanent 31
Ettrick Forest 4, 7, 42, 114
Ettrick Pen 7
Ettrick River (and Valley) 3, 6, 130
Eugein 242
Eutropius 26
Fair Head 60
Falkirk 75
famine 118, 120, 233
Farne Islands (Inner Farne) 208, 214–15, 217
Fiachna, King of Ulster 139, 141
Fife, Kingdom of 49–50, 52, 78, 108, 221, 240
Flanders Moss 51, 145, 242
Fordhead 51
Forth (Bodotria), Firth of 49, 50, 51, 62, 73, 74, 82, 83, 116, 242
Forth-Clyde isthmus 5, 41, 76
Forth River (and Valley) 51, 107
Fortingall, yew tree at 225–6
Franks 86, 87, 115
FREE LOVE IN FLAT HIGHLANDS 85
Frisia (and Frisians) 115, 120
Frontinus, Sextus Julius 38
Fullofaudes 86, 88, 91
Gaelic language 3, 9, 10, 22, 54 (box), 76, 98, 115, 135, 136, 159, 160 (box), 173, 180, 189, 196, 205, 237, 245
Irish Gaelic 44, 115, 211–12
Manx Gaelic 44, 115, 174
Scots Gaelic 44, 45, 46, 144, 176, 211–12, 239, 240, 242, 253
Gala Water 2, 116, 258
Galashiels 1, 2
Gallia Narbonensis 40, 43
Galloway 53, 54, 55, 56, 106, 107, 124, 132, 242
Gare Loch 241
Gask Ridge 9, 52, 53
Gatehouse of Fleet 202
Gaul (and Gauls) 49, 57, 62, 86, 87, 90, 95, 96, 101, 103, 106, 107, 166
GAULISH 57
Gelliwig in Cornwall 55
Genounia 66
Germanianus 138, 139
Germanic peoples 91, 100, 121, 128
Gibbon, Edward 91
Gildas 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 110, 111, 112, 115, 116, 121, 128, 135, 142, 252
Giric (9th century Scottish king) 3
Gironde Estuary 14, 15
Glasgow Cathedral 245
Glen Falloch 239, 240
Glen Lochy 241–2
Gleni River (River Glen) 111, 113, 114
Glenrath 42
GNOMON 12
Gododdin 133, 138, 142, 143, 145–6, 150–1, 159, 168–9, 172, 185, 188–9, 244–5, 244 (box)
Gordianus 151
Goths 91, 92, 117
Govan Old Parish Church 248, 249–50
Graham’s Dyke 76
Great Moss (Moine Mhor) 165
Green Faction 119
Greenhead 95
Greumaich 76
Guallac, King of Yorkshire 135
Guinnion Castle 111, 112, 116
Gundestrup 77
Gurness 26, 27
Gwenddolau ap Ceidio 126, 127, 130
Gwent 90, 251
Gwrgi 128, 131
Gwynedd 101, 120, 145, 146, 154, 176, 246, 250
Gwyr Y Gogledd (’Men of the North’) 250
Haddington 185–6, 190
Hadrian 66, 73, 81, 226
Hadrian’s Wall 5, 31, 35, 43, 55, 67–8, 71, 73, 76, 80–81, 87–8, 91, 94, 116, 126–7, 188
Halton Chesters 80
Hampshire 49, 121, 223
Hatfield Chase, battle of 176, 177
Hebrides (Hebudes) 12, 28, 29, 87
Helvidius 38
Hendry, Nina 241–2
Henry Tudor 134
Herbert, Terry 200 (box)
Hercules, Pillars of 46, 47
Herefrith 192, 214, 215, 216
Hering, son of Hussa 167, 172
Herodian 81
Herodotus 13
Hexham 30–31, 177
High Rochester 68, 114
HIGHLANDS, FREE LOVE IN FLAT SOCIETY 85
Hilda, Abbess of Whitby 232 (box)
Hildmer, Sheriff of King Ecgfrith 194
The History of the Kings of Britain (Symeon of Durham) 234–5
History of the Kings of England 259
Hoddam, monestary at 200–201, 202
Hogg, James 7
Holy Loch 241
Honorius 90, 91, 188
Horrea 50
Horsehope Craig 42, 43, 44, 155
Housesteads 71, 91
Hroc’s burh 6
Hrothgar, King 6
Hussa of Bernicia 167
Hywel, King of the West Welsh 251, 252
Hywel Da, King of the Welsh 253
Ida of Bamburgh 122, 123, 124, 169, 234
Imbolc Celtic festival 34
Inchtuthil 69, 70, 71
Innisfallen 118
Inverurie 22
Iona 17, 106, 166, 173, 175, 178, 179, 205
founding community in 183–4
Ireland (Hibernia) 28, 47–8, 56, 58, 118, 120, 167, 183, 185, 209, 236, 247, 254
Irish people 44, 46, 47–8, 55–6, 95, 96, 98, 99, 100, 101, 128, 141, 148, 169–71, 210
Irish Sea 4, 5, 12, 16, 120, 236, 241, 248, 250
Isle of Man 12, 16, 45, 167, 174, 248
Isle of May 187 (box)
Israel 46, 47
Italy 117
Jackson, K.H. 189
Jacobite rebellions 63
Jarrow, monastery at 27, 190, 193, 212, 218, 222, 227, 228, 229
Jedburgh Abbey 179, 184, 194, 236
Jeffrey, Alexander 191
JERUSALEM 153
Jesus Christ 178, 180, 183, 223, 229, 230, 231
Jocelyn of Furness 189, 245
John of Fordun 169–70, 177
Julius Caesar 26, 57, 62, 78
Justinian 117, 119, 120
Jutes 97, 115
Kames, Lord 51
Kelso (and Kelso Abbey) 3, 8, 73, 138, 139, 146, 180, 194
Kenneth II, King of Scots 257, 258
Kenneth MacAlpine, King of Scots 249
Kent 13, 99, 103
Kerry, John 77
Kilmartin, burial monuments at 165
KING ARTHUR IN MERRIE CARLISLE 131
Kintyre, Mull of 60, 62, 165
Kirkcarswell 202
Kirkcudbright 54, 191, 202
Kirkhope Farm 151
Kirkmartin (Kirkmadrine) 107
Kirroughtree 202
KNIFE AND SPEAR PEOPLE 97
Krakatoa 118
Kymry 106
Lake of Menteith 50
Lammermuir Hills 123, 190, 257
Latin 93, 96, 98, 105
Latinus 107
Lauderdale 168, 170, 171
THE LAW OF THE INNOCENTS 158
Leader Valley 68, 69
Leichestown 77
Leinster 101
Leith, Water of 168
Leo III 166
Lewis, Isle of 12 (box), 13, 20, 21, 29, 45
Liber Vitae (Book of Life) 199–200, 234
Liddell Strength 126
Liddesdale 169
Life of Cuthbert (Andoman of Iona) 166, 196–7, 198
Life of Cuthbert (Bede) 191–6, 198–9, 214, 217
Life of Kentigern (Jocelyn of Furness) 246
Life of St Columba (Adomnan of Iona) 244
Life of St Wilfred of Ripon (Eddius Stephanus) 200, 236–7
Lindisfarne 139, 140, 178–9, 184, 191–2, 193, 199, 203, 205, 206–7, 210, 215–21, 228, 235–6, 244
Viking raids on 234–6
Lindisfarne Gospels 185, 207, 217–21, 228, 230
Linton, Bernard de 47
Llangirick 2, 3
Lleyn Peninsula 100
Lloegr 106, 128, 134
Loch Fyne 240
Loch Goil 240, 241
Loch Lomond 52, 178, 239, 242, 243
Loch Long 240, 241
The Faded Map: The Lost Kingdoms of Scotland Page 30
