Kerman, Joseph, 170–2
Kierkegaard, Soren vii
Kipling, Rudyard 113–6, 119, 121
Klein, Melanie 8, 100, 102, 150
Kleitman, N. 23
Koestler, Arthur 17, 60–1
Kaleidoscope, 60
Kohut, Heinz 148–150, 152
Laing, Ronald D.
Self, The Divided 149
Lambert, J. W. (ed.)
The Bodley Head Soki, 116
Line, Margaret 108–10
The Tale of Beatrix Potter, 108
Laski, Marghanita
Ecstasy, 187–9
Latham, Peter 178
Leach, Sir Edmund
Social Anthropology, 78
Lear, Edward 112–4, 116, 119, 122
learning, 23
Leibniz, Gottfried W. vii, 160, 166
Lewis, C.S. 17
Linder, Leslie 109
Liszt, Franz 174–5
Locke, John vii, 166
Lorenz, Konrad 11
love, viii–ix, xi–xii, 5, 8–9, 12, 61–3, 70–1, 100, 112, 115, 119–21, 125, 130, 167, 177–8, 181–7
Lowell, Robert 142
Luther, Martin 79
MacNeice, Louis 138–9
Mahomet, 34
Main, Mary 99
Maitland, J. A. Fuller 177–8
Malcolm, Norman 162
Malraux, André 53
manic-depressive, 97, 129, 133, 142–3
marriage, vii, ix, xi, 13, 84, 127
Marris, Peter 12,74
Martin, Robert Bernard 130–2
Maslow, Abraham 200–1
mastery, 76, 126, 129, 143, 169
meaning,
in,(of) life, 12, 32, 146–7, 154, 164
of universe, xii
meditation, 28, 34, 44
Mellers, Wilfrid 173
Mendelssohn, Fanny 132–3
Mendelssohn, Felix 132–3, 170
Menuhin, Yehudi 49
Michelangelo, 138
Milton, John 1
Mitchell, Silas Weir 33
monastery, monastic 44, 83
Montaigne, Michel de 16
Moore Jerrold Northrop 151
More, Sir Thomas
Dialoge of Cumfort against Tribulacion, 57
Morris, Colin 77
Morris, Norval 43
mother,
attachment to, 9, 18–19, 69–70, 153
battering by, 99
depressed, 115
deprivation of, 113, 118
loss of, 115, 125–6, 133–4, 138–40,
separation from, 9–10, 18, 112–13, 117
threatening, 99
unresponsive, 99
mourning, 29–32,131
Mozart, W. A. 26, 159, 170, 176
Mulville, Frank 40
Munro, Hector Hugh (see ‘Saki’)
music, 36, 67, 78, 132–3, 144, 153, 159, 161, 168, 170–9, 200
mysticism, mystical experience, 17, 34, 36–7, 60–1, 173, 196
narcosis, continuous 33
Nazi, 48, 101, 119
neurosis, 3–4, 6–7, 83, 86, 93, 148, 154, 191
Newton, Isaac vii, 67, 159, 164–6, 199
Nietzsche, Friedrich vii, 178, 198–9
Nightingale, Florence 94
Noakes, Vivien 112
noise, 34
Norrman, Ralf 181–2
object-relations school of psycho-analysis, xii, 5, 7, 15, 133, 150–2, 154, 168, 193
obsessionality (also see ‘personality’) 156, 158, 162, 164
‘oceanic feeling; 36–9, 187–9, 197
order, 92, 132, 154, 172, 180, 184, 200
painting, 67
Palombo, Stanley R. 25, 27
Parkes, C. Murray 31
Pascal, Blaise vii
patterners, 90–1, 98, 145, 182
Period, The Third 168–184
personality,
as achievement, 191, 194, 197, 199
depressive 93, 97–8
obsessional 32, 156, 158, 162, 179
relativity of, 147
schizoid 93, 98, 102
Pfister, Oskar 5
phantasy, (fantasy), 4, 56, 64–9, 71–3, 90, 106, 108, 117, 121, 155, 190, 194
philosophers, philosophy, vii, 155, 159–63
phlogiston, 67
placation, 95, 97
Plath, Sylvia 133, 138
Plato, 160, 185–6, 188
TheSymposium, 185–6
play, 16, 65, 69, 71–2, 91, 107
‘pleasure principle’, 3, 65
Poe, Edgar Allan 138
poets, poetry 129–144
Porten, Mrs. Catherine ix
Potter, Beatrix 108–11, 119, 122
The Tale of Jemima Puddleduck, The Tale of Peter Rabbit, The Tale of Squirrel Nutkin 111
prayer, xii, 28
predators, attachment and, 10
‘primary process’, 66
Princeton University, 51
prisons, 42–9, 54–62,127
projection, paranoid 100–2
psycho-analysis, vii, 2–9, 21, 32, 59, 66, 81, 150, 190, 192
and ethology, 9, 15
psycho-analysts, x, xi, 2, 4–8, 32, 81, 83, 104, 150–2, 166
Purcell, Henry 170
Raleigh, Sir Walter
History of the World, The 57
Ravel, Maurice 161
Read, Herbert 76
‘reality principle’, 65
relationships, interpersonal vii–viii, xi, 1–17, 32, 45,73–5, 82–7, 92–3, 101, 106–7, 111–2, 115, 118–23, 125–6, 128, 143–6, 151–4, 156, 163, 166–8, 187, 201–2
religion, 2, 33–4, 37–8, 67, 78–9, 82–3, 91–2, 192, 196
repair (through creativity), 123–44
‘rest cure’ 33
Retreat, The 33
retreat, religious 33
into privacy, 93
Ritter, Christiane 40
reituals, obsessional 44
Roethke, Theodore 142
Rolland, Romain 37–38,187
Rousseau,Jean-Jacques x,
Rowse, A.L. 17–18
Ruskin, John 76
Russell, Bertrand 155, 161–2, 188
Rycroft, Charles 151,192
Critical Dictionary of Psychoanalysis, A 151
Saki (H. H. Munro) 115–6, 119, 121–2, 145–6
The Unbearable Bassington, 116
salvation, 2, 202
Scharfstein, Ben-Ami
the Philosophers, 155
schizophrenia, 11, 24, 33
schizoid dilemma 101, 104
Schoenberg, Arnold 174
Schopenhauer, Arthur vi
Schubert, Franz 26, 170
Schumann, Clara 178
Schwartz, Delmore 142
Searle, Humphrey 174–5
self-consciousness, 8O
self-development, 75, 84
self-discovery, 21
self-esteem, ix, 96, 125–6, 128, 141, 154
and competence, 126
self psychology, selfobjects, (see Kohut)
self–realisation, 21, 75, 84
by self-reference, 147
sensory deprivation, 34, 49–55
and surgery, 51
in Northern Ireland, 54–55
sex, sexuality ix–x, 3, 7, 9, 11, 17, 86, 119, 152, 169, 181, 185–90
Sexton, Anne 142
Sheffield, Lord ix,
Siebold, Agathe von 178
Simenon, Georges 120
sleep, xii, 22–3
REM 23–4, 33
lack of, 23, 42
Smart, Christopher 142
Snow, Charles P. 108, 189, 200
society,
‘culture of poverty’, 82
hunter-gatherer, 10, 12
industrial, 1
social co-operation, 11
social structure, 13
solitude, vii, 1, 17, 28, 120, 163
and change of attitude, 29, 32–3,
and creative
process, 22, 84, 129, 145, 201–2
and mystical experience 17–18, 60–1
and temperament, 85–105, 160
as punishment, 15, 42–9
difficulty in obtaining, 34, 166
effects of, 56, 60, 106
enforced, 42–61
need for, xii
promotes insight, 33
uses of, 29–41, 143
wish for, 35
Solomon, Maynard 173
Solon, 63
Southey, R. 80
Soviet Union, 82
Spender, Stephen 139
Spinoza, Benedict de vii
Stenhouse, David 26–7
Strachey, Lytton ix,
Strauss, Richard 176–179
Strindberg, J. August 74
style, 151–2, 169–71, 174–5, 179, 184
suicide, 39–40, 44–5, 54, 96, 134–5, 138, 142, 161
Sullivan, J.W.N.
Beethoven, 172–3
Tawney, R. H.
Religion and the Rise of Capitalism, 79
Taylor, Laurie – see Cohen
temperament, 85–105
Tennyson, Alfred,
In Memoriam, 129–132
Tennyson, Charles, Fliiahfth, Emily, George, Clayyon, Maiy, Septimus 130–1
Theodor, King 57
Thomas, Edward 123, 132
thought, thinking, 27–28
Tolstoy, Leo 68
torture, 42, 47, 55, 57
Toecanini, Arturo 179
Traherne, Thomas 133, 140–1
transference, 2–3, 5–8, 21–2, 92
‘transitional objects’, 69–71, 152
Trollope, Anthony 107–8, 111, 120–1
Tuke, Samuel 33
unity, 17, 36–41, 63, 123, 132, 145, 173–5, 186–90, 196–7, 200
violence, 116–7, 119, 171
Wagner, R. 39, 74, 159
The Flying Dutchman, Götterdämmerung, The Ring of Nibelung, Tristen and Isolde, 39
Wallas, Graham
incubation, illumination, preparation, 25
Walpole, Hugh 183
Weiss, Robert S. 12, 13
Weston, Donna R. 99
Whitman, Walt 17, 106
Wilson, Angus 114
Winnicott, Donald W. 8, 18–21, 28, 69–72 ,94, 123, 152
The Capacity to be Alone, 18
Transitional Objects and Transitional Phenomena, 69
wish-fulfilment, 38
Wittgenstein, Ludwig vii, 145, 160–4, 166
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicos, 161
Wittgenstein, Paul 160
Hermine, 162
Gretl, 162
Wodehouse, P. G. 117–22
Wolff, Harold G. 45–7
Wordsworth, William 17–18, 63, 139–41, 185, 193, 198, 202
work, works ix, xii, 8, 74, 98, 107, 121, 145, 147, 151–8, 160, 164–7, 188
Worringer, Wilhelm 88, 104
Abstraction and Empathy, 88
Wright, Georg Henrik von 161
Yeats, William Butler, 104, 198
Zweig, Stefan 179
Acknowledgements
I want to thank Bryan Magee, who first drew my attention to the fact that so many of the great philosophers were predominantly solitary.
I would like to thank my publisher, Tom Rosenthal, for some useful suggestions; Howard Davies, for assiduous copy-editing; and Anthony Thwaite, for expert editing and many improvements to my style.
Dr Kay R. Jamison has generously allowed me to use her unpublished work, and has provided many valuable references.
Dr Richard Wyatt, of the National Institute of Mental Health, has saved me from at least one grievous error.
My wife, Catherine Peters, has patiently read the whole typescript and made valuable comments, as well as supplying a great deal of support and encouragement.
About the Author
ANTHONY STORR was born in 1920 and educated at Winchester, Christ’s College, Cambridge, and at Westminster Hospital. He qualified as a doctor in 1944, and subsequently specialized in psychiatry. His other publications include The Integrity of the Personality (1960), Human Destructiveness (1972), Jung (1973), The Dynamics of Creation (1972), The Art of Psychotherapy (1979), Freud (1989), Churchill’s Black Dog (1989), Music and the Mind (1992) and Feet of Clay (1996). He has contributed reviews and articles to many papers, including the Sunday Times, the Times Literary Supplement and the Independent. Dr Storr is a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, a Fellow of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. He is also Honorary Consulting Psychiatrist to the Oxfordshire Health Authority, and an Emeritus Fellow of Green College, Oxford.
Also by the Author
The Integrity of the Personality
Sexual Deviation
Human Destructiveness
The Dynamics of Creation
The Art of Psychotherapy
The Essential Jung (editor)
Freud
Churchill’s Black Dog
Music and the Mind
Feet of Clay
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Solitude_A Return to the Self Page 26
