58. U.S. Department of Justice (2011). Microsoft Antitrust Final Judgment Expires May 12. http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2011/May/11-at-601.html.
59. Sharon Pian Chan (2011). Seattle Post-Times. Long Antitrust Saga Ends for Microsoft.
CHAPTER 7
1. http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2004-09-01/gates-were-early-on-the-video-thing.
2. Walter Isaacson (2011). Steve Jobs. Simon & Schuster.
3. David Lieberman (April 30, 2007). USA Today. CEO Forum: Microsoft’s Ballmer Having a “Great” Time.
4. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/bill-gates-joins-the-ipads-army-of-critics-steve-jobs-couldnt-care-less/.
5. Kara Swisher and Walt Mossberg (May 31, 2007). AllThingsD. Bill Gates and Steve Jobs at D5.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. Walter Isaacson (2011). Steve Jobs. Simon & Schuster.
10. The Gates Notes on Steve Jobs (2011). www.theGatesNotes.com.
11. Imtiyaz Delawala (October 31, 2011). This Week. Bill Gates Dismisses Criticism in Steve Jobs Biography.
12. Kurt Eichenwald (August 2012). Vanity Fair. Microsoft’s Lost Decade.
13. Mary Riddell (January 27, 2012). The Telegraph. Bill Gates: “I Wrote Steve Jobs a Letter as He Was Dying. He Kept It by His Bed.” http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/bill-gates/9041726/Bill-Gates-I-wrote-Steve-Jobs-a-letter-as-he-was-dying.-He-kept-it-by-his-bed.html.
CHAPTER 8
1. Bill Gates (1999). Business @ the Speed of Thought: Using a Digital Nervous System. Warner Books.
2. Robert Kahn and Vinton Cert (October 2, 2000). Al Gore and the Internet.
3. Internet Usage Stats, http://www.internetworldstats.com/emarketing.htm.
4. Bill Gates with Nathan Myhrvold and Peter Rinearson (1995). The Road Ahead. Viking.
5. Ibid.
6. Joe Queenan (February 1996). American Spectator. Chipper Bore.
7. Jessica Mintz (June 27, 2008). Huff Post Business. Bill Gates’ Last Day at Microsoft: Bids Steve Ballmer Farewell in Tears.
8. Bill Gates (1999). Business @ the Speed of Thought: Using a Digital Nervous System. Warner Books.
9. H. W. Brands (1999). Masters of Enterprise. Free Press.
10. Bill Gates with Nathan Myhrvold and Peter Rinearson (1995). The Road Ahead. Viking.
11. Bill Gates (1999). Business @ the Speed of Thought: Using a Digital Nervous System. Warner Books.
12. C. Taylor (1999). Time. Is There a Chapter Missing, Bill?
13. Bill Gates (April 7, 2006). Fortune. How I Work: Bill Gates.
14. Bill Gates (2002). Trustworthy Computing Memo.
CHAPTER 9
1. Michael D. Eisner with Aaron Cohen (2010). Working Together: Why Great Partnerships Succeed. Harper Business.
2. Deborah Solomon (2010). New York Times. The Donor: Questions for Melinda Gates.
3. Robert Slater (2004). Microsoft Rebooted: How Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer Reinvented Their Company. Penguin.
4. Bill Gates Sr. and Mary Ann Mackin (2009). Showing Up for Life: Thoughts on the Gifts of a Lifetime. Broadway Books.
5. Michael Newman (May 23, 1999). Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Bob Is Dead; Long Live Bob.
6. Michael D. Eisner with Aaron Cohen (2010). Working Together: Why Great Partnerships Succeed. Harper Business.
7. Profile of Melinda French Gates (2013). Forbes. Third Most Powerful Woman.
8. R. Folkers (1998). U.S. News & World Report. Dear Diary: The Gates Files.
9. Paul Andrews (January 29, 1998). Seattle Times. Bill Gates Sings for Barbara Walters—Software Magnate to Show Softer Side—And a New Talent—on National TV.
10. Deborah Solomon (2010). New York Times. The Donor: Questions for Melinda Gates.
11. Walter Isaacson (June 24, 2001). Time. In Search of the Real Bill Gates.
12. Caroline Graham (June 9, 2011). Daily Mail. This Is Not the Way I’d Imagined Bill Gates…A Rare and Remarkable Interview with the World’s Second Richest Man. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/moslive/article-2001697/Microsofts-Bill-Gates-A-rare-remarkable-interview-worlds-second-richest-man.html.
13. Ibid.
14. Zillow (June 25, 2013). Bill Gates Buys Equestrian Estate in Florida for $8.7 Million. http://www.forbes.com/sites/zillow/2013/06/25/bill-gates-buys-equestrian-estate-in-florida-for-8–7-million/.
15. Caroline Graham (June 9, 2011). Daily Mail. This Is Not the Way I’d Imagined Bill Gates…A Rare and Remarkable Interview with the World’s Second Richest Man. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/moslive/article-2001697/Microsofts-Bill-Gates-A-rare-remarkable-interview-worlds-second-richest-man.html.
16. Danny Westneat (March 8, 2011). Seattle Times. Bill Gates, Have I Got a Deal for You! http://seattletimes.com/html/dannywestneat/2014437975_danny09.html.
17. Mary Riddell (January 27, 2012). The Telegraph. Bill Gates: “I Wrote Steve Jobs a Letter as He Was Dying. He Kept It by His Bed.” http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/bill-gates/9041726/Bill-Gates-I-wrote-Steve-Jobs-a-letter-as-he-was-dying.-He-kept-it-by-his-bed.html.
18. Q&A for Bill Gates.
19. King County Property Tax Assessment (2014).
20. Bohlin Cywinski Jackson (n.d.). Pacific Rim Estate. http://www.bcj.com/public/projects/project/12.html.
21. Home Front (December 20, 1996). Bill Gates’ Guest House Wins Architects’ Award. http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB851011416867310000.
22. Bill Gates with Nathan Myhrvold and Peter Rinearson (1995). The Road Ahead. Viking.
23. Richard Folkers (November 23, 1997). U.S. News and World Report. Bill Gates’s Stately Pleasure Dome and Futuristic Home. http://money.usnews.com/money/business-economy/articles/1997/11/23/xanadu-20?page=2.
24. Paul Andrews (January 29, 1998). Seattle Times. Bill Gates Sings for Barbara Walters—Software Magnate to Show Softer Side—and a New Talent—on National TV.
CHAPTER 10
1. Ben Mezrich (2009). The Accidental Billionaires: The Founding of Facebook. A Tale of Sex, Money, Genius, and Betrayal. Doubleday.
2. Zachary M. Seward (February 27, 2004). Harvard Crimson. Dropout Gates Drops into Talk.
3. Ben Mezrich (2009). The Accidental Billionaires: The Founding of Facebook. A Tale of Sex, Money, Genius, and Betrayal. Doubleday.
4. Nicholas D. Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn. (2010). Half the Sky. Vintage.
5. USA Today (December 14, 2004). Bill Gates Elected to Berkshire Hathaway Board.
6. Bill Gates (August 28, 2013). We Need Our Brightest People Working on Our Biggest Problems. http://www.linkedin.com/today/post/article/20130828134129-251749025-we-need-our-brightest-people-working-on-our-biggest-problems?trk=mp-reader-card.
7. Bill Gates (June 12, 2013). Three Things I’ve Learned from Warren Buffett. http://www.linkedin.com/today/post/article/20130612065727–251749025-three-things-i-ve-learned-from-warren-buffett?trk=eml-mktg-celeb-bg-title.
8. Patrick Thibodeau (November 17, 2008). Computerworld. Gates Claims Cap on H-1B Visas Puts U.S. High-Tech Jobs at Risk.
9. http://www.secform4.com/filings/789019/000122520812002153.htm.
10. http://www.secform4.com/filings/789019/000122520813022807.htm - November 4.
11. Microsoft Inc. (February 2014). Microsoft Board Names Satya Nadella as CEO. http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/press/2014/feb14/02-04newspr.aspx.
12. http://www.cpexecutive.com/regions/southwest/bill-gates-investment-group-buys-four-seasons-houston/ http://www.ajc.com/news/business/four-seasons-hotel-atlanta-in-midtown-sold-for-62m/nbz5m/ http://www.seattlepi.com/business/tech/article/Bill-Gates-buying-Mexican-resort-5069752.php.
13. http://investors.autonation.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=85803&p=irolgovBioBoard&ID=200270 http://finance.yahoo.com/q/mh?s=RSG+Major+Holders http://www.ecolab.com/our-story/our-company/our-expertise-and-innovation.
14. David Roman and Christopher Bjork (October 22, 2013). Wall Street Journal. Bill Gates Buys Stake in Spanish Construction Company FCC. http://investors.morningstar.com/ownership/shar
eholders-major.html?t=CNI http://investors.morningstar.com/ownership/shareholders-major.html?t=DE®ion=usa&culture=en-US&ownerCountry=USA.
15. Jack Witzig and Pamela Roux (May 28, 2013). Bloomberg Personal Finance. Bill Gates Fattens Wealth Gap over Slim as Cascade Surges. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-05-29/bill-gates-fattens-wealth-gap-over-slim-as-cascade-surges.html.
16. Corbis Fact Sheet (n.d.). http://corporate.corbis.com/company-fact-sheet/.
17. Leslie Helm (April 2012). Seattle Business Magazine. Executive Q&A: Gary Shenk CEO, Corbis Corporation.
18. Natalie Apostolou (May, 16, 2012). The Register. Gates’ Corbis Busted Again for Fraud. http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/05/16/gates_fights_ex_employee/.
CHAPTER 11
1. Regina Hackett (May 19, 2005). Seattle P-I. Gates’ Lawyer Failed to Gain Tax Exemption for da Vinci Documents.
2. Leonard Kniffel (December 2003). American Libraries. Bill Gates: Why He Did It.
3. Ibid.
4. Patricia Martin (September 1997). American Libraries. On My Mind: Is Bill Gates the New Andrew Carnegie?
5. JBHE (Autumn 1997). Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. Bill Gates and the Black Colleges.
6. Theodore Cross (Autumn 1999). Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. Bill Gate’s Gift to Racial Preferences in Higher Education.
7. Gates Millennium Scholars Program, http://www.gmsp.org/publicweb/aboutus.aspx.
8. JBHE (Summer 2001). Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. Bill Gates Still Has More Financial Wealth Than Do All Black American Households Combined.
9. BBC News (January 5, 1999). “Pie Terrorists” Fined for Gates Attack. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/249066.stm.
10. Nader Letter to Bill Gates requesting he initiate a billionaire’s “National and Global Wealth Disparities and What to Do About It” event.
11. Gates Response to Nader, August 4, 1997.
12. Nader’s Parting Shot after Gates Response of August 4, 1998.
13. Herbold’s Response to Nader’s “invitation” to the Appraising Microsoft and Its Global Strategy conference to be held during Microsoft’s 1997 Shareholder Meeting, on the other side of the continent.
14. Jeri Clausing (November 14, 1997). New York Times. Nader Conference Levels Sights on Microsoft.
15. Oxfam Briefing Paper 178 (January 20, 2014). Working for a few. Oxfam made a calculation based upon the data in the Credit Suisse Report.
16. Robert Slater (2004). Microsoft Rebooted: How Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer Reinvented Their Company. Penguin.
17. Ibid.
18. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (n.d.). Foundation Factsheet. http://www.gatesfoundation.org/who-we-are/general-information/foundation-factsheet.
19. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (n.d.) Who We Are. http://www.gatesfoundation.org/Who-We-Are/General-Information/Letter-from-Bill-and-Melinda-Gates.
20. PBS NOW: Bill Moyers Interviews Bill Gates. http://www.pbs.org/now/printable/transcript_gates_print.html.
21. Ilona Kickbusch (2001). Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. A Note to Bill Gates.
22. Ibid.
23. Michael Specter (October 24, 2005). New Yorker. What Money Can Buy: Millions of Africans Die Needlessly of Disease Each Year. Can Bill Gates Change That?
24. Bill Gates (June 7, 2007). Remarks of Bill Gates, Harvard Commencement 2007.
25. Bill Gates (January 24, 2008). Creative Capitalism Speech at Davos World Economic Forum, 2008.
26. Newsweek Staff (June 21, 2008). Newsweek. Microsoft after Gates (and Bill after Microsoft).
27. Todd Bishop and Tom Paulson (June 23, 2008). Seattle P-I. Q&A: Gates Talks About Letting Go, the Future and the Foundation. http://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/Q-A-Gates-talks-about-letting-go-the-future-and-1277371.php.
28. Steven Levy (June 21, 2008). Newsweek. Gates: Microsoft, the Suit and His Foundation.
29. Fareed Zakaria (October 5, 2008). CNN. Bill Gates Interview; Third World Development; Solving the Economic Crisis.
30. Steven Levy (2010). Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution. O’Reilly.
31. Bill Gates (February 2009). TED Talk.
32. Michael D. Eisner with Aaron Cohen (2010). Working Together: Why Great Partnerships Succeed. Harper Business.
33. Mary Riddell (January 27, 2012). The Telegraph. Bill Gates: “I Wrote Steve Jobs a Letter as He Was Dying. He Kept It by His Bed.” http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/bill-gates/9041726/Bill-Gates-I-wrote-Steve-Jobs-a-letter-as-he-was-dying.-He-kept-it-by-his-bed.html.
34. Bill Gates (April 28, 2013). Why We’re Talking to Scientists about Toilets. http://mobile.thegatesnotes.com/Topics/Development/Talking-to-Scientists-About-Toilets.
35. Danielle Dellorto (February 4, 2011). CNN. Bill Gates: Vaccine-Autism Link “an Absolute Lie.” http://www.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/02/03/gupta.gates.vaccines.world.health/.
36. Gardiner Harris (February 2, 2010). New York Times. Journal Retracts 1998 Paper Linking Autism to Vaccines.
37. Valerie Strauss (November 27, 2013). Washington Post. Gates Foundation Pours Millions into Common Core in 2013.
38. Bloomberg (July 17, 2010). Gates’ Latest Mission: Fixing America’s Schools.
39. Brad Stone (August 8, 2013). BusinessWeek. Bill Gates on His Foundation’s Health and Education Campaigns.
40. Bill and Melinda Gates (2014). Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Annual Letter. http://annualletter.gatesfoundation.org/~/media/Annual%20Letter%202014/PDFs/2014_GatesAnnualLetter_ENGLISH_1.pdf.
41. Ibid.
42. Gates Family Pledge Letter (2010). The Giving Pledge. http://givingpledge.org/pdf/letters/Gates_Letter.pdf.
43. The Giving Pledge FAQ (n.d.). http://givingpledge.org/pdf/GivingPledge_FAQ.pdf.
44. Gates Family Pledge Letter (2010). The Giving Pledge. http://givingpledge.org/pdf/letters/Gates_Letter.pdf.
45. The Giving Pledge Letters Collection (2014). http://giving pledge.org/pdf/Pledge%20Letters%20Collection.pdf.
FURTHER READING
As a living subject, additional works are continually developed describing the life and new contributions of Bill Gates. A history is also maintained by the two organizations of which Bill Gates has been most influential:
• Microsoft: http://www.microsoft.com
• Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation: http://www.gatesfoundation.org/
Gates currently posts on the following media:
• The Gates Notes: http://www.thegatesnotes.com/
• LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/in/williamhgates
Major documents by Bill Gates include:
• The Open Letter to Hobbyists (letter), 1976
• Applications Strategy Memo (memo to staff), 1983 with Steve Ballmer
• The Internet Tidal Wave (memo to staff), 1995
• The Road Ahead (book), 1995
• The Road Ahead: Completely Revised and Up-to-Date (book), 1996
• Business @ the Speed of Thought: Using a Digital Nervous System (book), 1999
• The Trustworthy Computing Memo (memo to staff), 2002
INDEX
Note: Italic page numbers indicate photos.
Academic scheduling program, 8
“Accidental billionaire,” 43
ACE 100 computer, 45
Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), 65
Allchin, James, 88
Allen, Paul, 9; “accidental billionaire,” 43; Altair 8000 and, 14 – 16; critical illness of, 42 – 43; early partnership with Bill Gates, 7; emulator skills, 17; forced out by Gates and Ballmer, 23, 43; on Gates’ departure from Microsoft, 158; Giving Pledge, 166; hardware knowledge, 10; Honeywell employment, 19 – 20; naming of Micro-Soft, 24; youthful preeminence, 13 – 14
Altair 8800, 13 – 16, 15, 29 – 31. See also BASIC programming language
Amazon, 115
AOL, 98
Apple: before Windows, 27; GUI lawsuit, 53 – 54; IBM PC introduction, 41; intell
ectual property win, 44 – 48; Microsoft investment, 60 – 62. See also Jobs, Steve; Macintosh computers
Apple Computer, Inc. v. Franklin Computer Corporation (1983), 44 – 48
Apple-Microsoft partnership, 85
“Applesoft,” 45
Applications Strategy Memo (Gates and Ballmer), 43 – 44
Appraising Microsoft and Its Global Strategy (1997 conference), 152
Armintrout, Elizabeth (Libby) Gates (sister), 5
AutoNation, 141
Ballmer, Steve, 79; Allen forced out by, 23; departure from Microsoft, 139; meets Bill Gates at Harvard, 13; Microsoft CEO, 66 – 67; partial ownership of Microsoft, 37 – 38; youthful preeminence, 13 – 14
BASIC programming language: development costs, 71 – 72; development of, 17 – 18; first-mover advantage, 69; as intellectual property, 29 – 31; precise syntax, 26. See also Altair 8800
Belfiore, Joe, 80
Berkshire Hathaway Inc., 137 – 38, 141
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation: 2014 annual letter, 163 – 64; aims, 154 – 55; beginnings, 153 – 54; beneficiaries, 147 – 49, 155; billionaires summit, 150 – 53; changing mission, 155 – 58; criticisms, 161 – 63; end days, 160 – 61, 167; false information about, 161 – 63; the Giving Pledge, 164 – 66; historically black colleges, 148 – 49; and Leonardo DaVinci, 146 – 47; precedents for massive giving, 145 – 46; Ralph Nader activism and, 150 – 53; U.S. Library Project, 147 – 48; wealth disparity and minority education, 148 – 49; women’s issues, 127
Billionaire summit, 150 – 53, 164 – 65
Blackbird, 57
Blake, Kristianne Gates (sister), 5
Blakely, Sara, 166
Blank, Arthur M., 166
Bohlin Cywinski Jackson (BCJ) architects, 130
Boies, David, 89, 94
Branson, Richard, 165, 166
Browsers, early Internet, 114
Brussels, Belgium, 149 – 50
Buffett, Warren, 137 – 38, 150 – 53, 163, 164, 166
Burlington National Santa Fe (BNSF) railroad, 141
Business @ the Speed of Thought (Gates), 63 – 64, 117, 119 – 22
Canadian National (CN) railroad, 141
Carlton, Jim, 54
Carnegie, Andrew, 145, 146
Cascade Investments, LLC, 140 – 42
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