Vagina: A New Biography

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Vagina: A New Biography Page 40

by Naomi Wolf


  cucumbers, 290

  cuddling, 293

  cultural meaning and representations of vagina, 125–84. See also naming the vagina

  in ancient history, 125–30

  in early Judeo-Christianity, 130–34

  in Elizabethan Age, 134–40

  in Islam, 241–43

  in Modernism, 159–84

  in Second Wave feminism, 176–82

  in Victorianism, 141–57

  cuniculus, 197–98

  cunnilingus, 160, 198

  cunt, 133, 135–36, 137, 195–98

  Cunt: A Declaration of Independence (Muscio), 184

  “cuntini,” 199–200

  Cupid’s Poisoned Arrow (Robinson), 223, 224

  D

  Dalai Lama, 8, 9

  dancing, 292–93

  dangerous men, 314–18

  Dark Ages, 132–33

  “date nights,” 282–83

  date rape, 105, 151–52, 189

  Dawkins, Richard, 317

  decadence, 155

  de Contrecoeur, Claude, 58–59

  degenerative spinal disease, 16–17

  Degler, Carl, 146

  De Gourmont, Remy, 163

  degradation, 142, 143, 183, 222, 226

  dehabituation programs, 224–26

  Delta of Venus (Nin), 78, 165–66

  Demeter, 129

  Democratic Republic of the Congo, 91–92

  depression, 38, 57, 59, 107–10, 122

  desensitization, 117–18, 217, 220, 221, 226–29, 254

  desire, female, 5. See also arousal, female

  epidemic of low, 80–84, 340n

  in history and literature, 42, 129–31, 142, 151–55, 169, 171, 173–74, 175, 180, 183, 240

  Pfaus’s rat study on, 64–67, 296, 326–27

  desire, male, and aggression, 183, 226–27

  detach response, 121

  diaphragms, 163

  Dinner Party, The (Chicago), 179

  Dobson, Roger, 303–4

  Dodson, Betty, 178, 237–38

  Doidge, Norman, 223

  Donne, John, 138–39

  “Don’t You Feel My Leg” (song), 173–74

  dopamine, 37, 55–62, 284–85

  activation and, 29, 30, 55, 56–57, 59, 62, 223

  pornography and, 219–20, 222–23

  Drohojowska-Philp, Hunter, 161

  dual heroes, 314–20

  Dworkin, Andrea, 183, 212, 226

  E

  Eastern traditions. See Tantra; Taoism

  Eberhardt, Isabelle, 55

  Egerton, George, 155

  Egypt

  ancient mythology, 126–27, 197

  Arab Spring, 200–201

  Egyptiana, 162

  Eisler, Riane, 125–26

  ejaculation, female, 177, 180, 240, 250, 257, 280–82

  ejaculation, male, 116, 218–20, 265, 322–25

  “Elegy XIX” (Donne), 138–39

  Eliot, George, 42, 45, 72, 152–53, 285

  Eliot, T. S., 164

  Elizabethan Age, 134–38, 206

  Ellis, Havelock, 156

  Emotional Intelligence (Goleman), 8, 301–2

  endothelial NOS (eNOS), 191–93

  Ensler, Eve, 183–84

  environmental setting, for lovemaking, 277–83

  episiotomy, 24

  erectile dysfunction, 218–25, 227–28

  erotica, 180, 229, 316

  Victorian, 230–32

  estrogen, 58, 322

  Evans, Arthur, 126

  Eve, 127

  Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex (Reuben), 181–82

  evolution, 31, 69, 273–74, 306–7, 311–12, 315–16, 317

  existential despair, and vulvodynia, 107–15

  expressive aphasia, 99

  eye-to-eye gazing, 297–99

  F

  Facebook questionnaire, 51–52

  Fanny Hill (Cleland), 143, 230

  Farrow, Caroline, 201

  Fear of Flying (Jong), 178–79

  Female Brain, The (Brizendine), 277–78

  Female Eunuch, The (Greer), 178

  Femalia (Blank), 183

  Feminine Mystique, The (Friedan), 176

  feminism (feminists), 61, 125–26, 151, 176–82, 237–39. See also Second Wave feminism; specific feminists

  Masters and Johnson and, 77

  rape and, 89, 92–93

  Feministing.com, 184

  Ferrari, Nick, 196

  fertility, 293–96

  fertility figurines, 125–26

  Few Figs from Thistles, A (Millay), 162

  Fifty Shades of Grey (James), 316

  “fight or flight” response, 34, 120–22, 302

  Fish, Nancy, 107–14, 310

  Fisher, Helen, 58, 69, 222, 273–74, 315–16, 317, 322, 357n

  Flannery, Jane, 159

  flowers, 277–83

  foreplay, 35–36, 77–78, 240–41

  Foucault, Michel, 141

  Freud, Sigmund, 8, 89, 129, 156–57, 164, 169, 176–77

  Friday, Nancy, 316

  Friedan, Betty, 176

  Frigidity in Woman (Stekels), 156–57

  Fuller, Loie, 160–61, 180

  Fullerton, Morton, 44–45, 63, 286–87

  Functions and Disorders of the Reproductive Organs (Acton), 144, 146

  Futures Without Violence, 100

  G

  Galen, 130, 133

  Gansler, Laura Leedy, 188

  Garelick, Rhonda, 161

  Gaskin, Ina May, 32

  gaze (gazing), 297–99

  gender differences, 69–71

  ANS and, 34–35

  dopamine and, 60–61

  pelvic nerve and, 23–24, 114, 194–95

  verbal processing and, 300

  Geography of Thought, The (Nisbett), 206

  Georgiadis, Janniko, 8, 30, 284–85, 288, 313

  Germ, The (magazine), 154

  Gilgamesh, 126

  goal-oriented model of sex, 24, 35, 36, 79, 215

  “Goblin Market” (Rossetti), 42–43, 285

  Goddess, the, 6–10

  addressing woman as, 312–14

  reclaiming the, 329–33

  Goddess Array, 75–76, 239, 272–328

  ANS and, 28, 75, 215

  being boring or scary, 314–20

  dimming the lights and relaxing her, 277–83

  ejaculation, 322–25

  finding her “sacred spot,” 307–11

  gazing into her eyes, 297–99

  helping her go into an orgasmic trance state, 283–88

  hugging and cuddling her, 289–97

  ignoring at your own peril, 325–27

  in literature, 165–66, 230–32

  playing with her nipples, 320–21

  “showers of stars,” 327–28

  stroking her, 302–7

  talking and listening to her, 299–302

  telling her she’s beautiful, 311–14

  valuing her and helping her, 273–76

  Goddess Network, 272

  goddess worship, in ancient history, 125–30

  Golden Lotus, The, 208

  Goldman, Emma, 42, 45, 46

  Goldstein, Al, 232

  Goleman, Daniel, 8, 9, 297–98, 301–2

  Gone with the Wind (Mitchell), 315

  “good” and “bad” vaginas, 141–43

  good guys, 314–18

  Good & Plenty candies, 290

  Good Vibrations (San Francisco), 180

  Gorzalka, Boris, 28, 34, 104

  Gottman, John, 301–3

  Grant, Linda, 201

  Gravina, G. L., 309

  Great Medicine of the Three Peaks, 241

  Great Mother, The (Neumann), 128

  Greece vacation, 329–33

  Greeks, ancient, 129–30, 133

  Greer, Germaine, 178, 183

  Groneman, Carol, 148–49

  G-spot, 78–79, 177, 307–11

  envi
ronmental setting and, 280–82

  Tantra and, 243, 249, 251, 257

  gynecology, 143, 145–46

  H

  Halsted, William, 61

  Hamlet (Shakespeare), 137–38

  Han Dynasty, 206, 207, 208, 239–40

  Hastini-Yoni, 207–8

  hateful vagina, 131–40

  Healing Painful Sex (Coady and Fish), 107–14, 310

  Heartdaka.com, 257–58

  Hefner, Hugh, 232

  Hellerstein, Erna Olafson, 146–47

  Hesiod, 128

  Hewitt, Jennifer Love, 214

  Hill, Anita, 188–89

  Hinduism, 124, 128, 207–8. See also Tantra

  hip-hop, 175

  Hippocrates, 130, 133

  History of Sexuality, The (Foucault), 141

  Hite, Shere, The Hite Report, 2, 77, 78–79, 176–77, 216–17

  Hoch, Zwi, 310

  Holden, Lynn, 196

  “hole,” 9, 164, 210

  “hookup” culture, 216

  Horney, Karen, 176

  hospital birthing environments, 31–32

  House of Mirth, The (Wharton), 44–45, 287

  How to Do Things with Words (Austin), 187

  hugs (hugging), 292–93

  Human Sexual Response (Masters and Johnson), 38–39, 77, 78–79, 181

  Hume, Leslie Parker, 146–47

  Hunt, Matthew, 196

  hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), 80–82

  hypochondria, 97

  hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), 104

  hypothalamus, 37, 288, 289

  I

  Ibrahim, Samira, 200–201

  Ideal Marriage (van de Velde), 159–60

  “If You See My Rooster” (song), 171–72

  “I’ll Keep Sittin’ on It (If I Can’t Sell It)” (song), 174–75

  impotence, and porn use, 218–25

  Inanna, 126–27

  “I Need a Little Sugar in My Bowl” (song), 172–73

  Inés of My Soul (Allende), 46

  infertility, 295

  interconnectedness, 5, 21, 47–48

  Intercourse (Dworkin), 183

  International Rescue Committee (IRC), 89–93

  Islam, 241–43

  J

  James, E. L., 316

  James, Lisa, 100

  James, William, 7, 8

  Jane Eyre (Brontë), 72, 285, 315, 317

  Jenson v. Eveleth Taconite Company, 188

  Jethá, Cacilda, 2, 222

  Johnson, Lil, 170–71

  Johnson, Virginia, 38–39, 77, 78–79, 181

  jokes (joking), 188–89, 205–6

  Jong, Erica, 178–79, 183

  Joy of Sex, The (Comfort), 177, 181–82

  Judeo-Christianity, 127–28, 130–40

  K

  Kali, Devadatta, 125

  Kalra, Sanjay, 63

  Kent, Tami Lynn, 100, 101

  Keyes, Marian, 214

  King Lear (Shakespeare), 134–37

  Kocur, Basil, 228–29

  Koedt, Anne, 77–78, 177

  Komisaruk, Barry R., 39, 67–68, 78, 115, 288, 328

  Krafft-Ebing, Richard von, 155–56

  Kwan Yin, 20

  L

  labiaplasty, 228–29

  lactation, 31, 32–33, 62

  Lady Chatterley’s Lover (Lawrence), 164–65, 187

  Laqueur, Thomas, 130, 139, 140

  Laumann, Edward O., 81

  Lawrence, D. H., 164–65

  Leaves of Grass (Whitman), 162

  Lee, Spike, 277

  lesbian and bisexual women, 6, 69, 274–75

  LeVay, Simon, 70

  Leviticus, 131

  Lewes, George, 45

  Lewis-Hasteley, Helen, 201

  “liberated” vagina, 159–84

  in blues music, 168–76

  self-defining vagina of the Second Wave, 176–82

  transcendentalism vs. “just pussy,” 165–68

  libertarianism, sexual, 181–82

  libido, female, 56, 57, 59, 60, 81, 83, 233, 294, 295. See also arousal, female

  Light, Kathleen, 303–4, 306

  lighting, for lovemaking, 277–83

  Lightwoman, Leora, 351n

  Linden, David J., 58, 62

  listening, 299–302

  literary representations of the vagina. See cultural meaning and representations of vagina

  lock hospitals, 150

  lordosis, 49, 192, 326

  loss of self, 44, 72–73, 283–88

  Lousada, Mike, 204, 257–68, 307, 309

  traumatized vagina and, 115–23, 194

  yoni massage, 117–18, 122–23, 258–68, 271–72, 297

  lovemaking

  author’s spinal injury and, 13–15, 17–18, 20–21

  behaviors and practices for. See Goddess Array

  goal-oriented model of, 24, 35, 36, 79, 215

  Lowell, Amy, 164

  Lummaa, Virpi, 291

  luteinizing hormones, 293–94

  M

  McCall, K. M., 58

  McDowell, Ephraim, 145

  McEwan, Ian, 13

  MacKinnon, Catharine, 226

  McMahon, Arthur Whittier, 43

  Madonna, 329

  Magon, Navneet, 63

  Mah, K., 284–85, 354n

  Male Brain, The (Brizendine), 300

  Man Up, 92

  Married Women’s Property Acts, 143

  massage

  sacred spot, 243–56, 278, 309

  yoni, 115–18, 258–67, 271–72

  Masson, Jeffrey Moussaieff, 147

  Masters, William H., 38–39, 77, 78–79, 181

  masturbation, female, 68–69, 178

  porn and, 226–29

  Victorian era and, 144, 147–49

  masturbation, male, and porn use, 217–21

  “Mathilde” (Nin), 166

  matriarchy, 125–26

  Mayer, John, 215

  meat, slang term for vagina, 210–12

  medicalization, 141–42, 145–49

  Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure (Cleland), 143, 230

  Memphis Minnie, 171–72

  Meston, Cindy, 28, 34, 58, 102–3, 104, 203, 322, 324

  Metamorphoses (Ovid), 129

  midwifery, 32, 145–46

  Miles, Rosalind, 126

  Millay, Edna St. Vincent, 161–62, 180

  Miller, Henry, 163–64, 164, 166–68, 209–10

  Millett, Kate, 89, 187, 196

  Mill on the Floss, The (Eliot), 42, 72, 152–53, 285

  Minoans, 127

  Misconceptions (Wolf), 24, 31–32, 33

  Mishnah, 131

  misophonia, 98

  Mitchell, Margaret, 315

  Modernism, 159–84

  the blues vagina, 168–76

  self-defining vagina of the Second Wave, 176–82

  transcendentalism or “just pussy,” 165–68

  monotheism, 127–28, 130–31

  Morgan, Marabel, 177, 325

  mouth of the cervix, 18, 67–68, 78

  Ms. (magazine), 178

  mucous membrane (mucosa), 23, 117

  Muir, Caroline, 243, 249–56, 278

  Muir, Charles, 116, 243–44, 249–50, 278

  multisystem dysregulation, 190, 198, 203, 252

  Muscio, Inga, 184

  My Secret Garden (Friday), 316

  Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm (Koedt), 77, 177

  N

  naming the vagina, 187–233. See also slang terms for the vagina

  bad stress and, 190–94

  hostile language and sexual harassment, 188–90, 194–202

  joking and, 188–89, 205–6

  pornography and, 215–33

  nasal oxytocin sprays, 62

  National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, 99

  Natural Philosophy of Love, The (De Gourmont), 163

  Nelson, Kevin, 286

  Netter, Frank, 15

  Netter images
, 15–16, 23–24, 37

  Neumann, Erich, 128

  neural compression, 17–18, 20–21

  neuronal NOS (nNOS), 191–93

  New Woman, 146, 155, 157, 162, 164–65

  New York (magazine), 218

  Nietzsche, Friedrich, 182

  Nin, Anaïs, 41–42, 78, 165–68, 209–10

  nipples, 32, 34, 241, 257, 320–21

  Nisbett, Richard E., 206

  nitric oxide (NO), 191–93

  norepinephrine, 58, 103, 113

  North Country (movie), 188

  nymphomania, 155–56

  Nymphomania: A History (Groneman), 148–49

  O

  Obscene Publications Act, 143

  Offen, Karen M., 146–47

  O’Keeffe, Georgia, 41, 43, 45–46, 161, 180

  onstage orgasm, 49–51

  opioids, 8, 56, 60–61, 63–64

  orgasm, female, 77–79, 283–88. See also clitoral orgasm; vaginal orgasm

  aesthetic surroundings and, 278

  ANS and, 27–31

  confidence, creativity and, 47–48, 50–54

  female disorders and, 80–82

  feminist movement and, 176–80

  finding her “sacred spot,” 307–11

  Freud and, 156–57

  neural wiring and, 14, 16, 18–20, 24–25

  opioid release and, 8, 56, 60

  sexual centers and, 67–73, 176–77

  “showers of stars,” 327–28

  yoni massage and, 117–18, 265–67

  orgasm, male, 265, 285, 307

  orgasmic trance state, 283–88

  Othello (Shakespeare), 134–35

  Ovid, 129

  oxytocin, 32–33, 37–38, 58, 62–63, 257, 288, 306, 321

  P

  Padmini, 208

  Partridge, Eric, 197

  Parvati, 128

  Pascal, Blaise, 9

  passion, female. See desire, female

  Pater, Walter, 162

  Paul, Saint, 131–32

  peacock feather, 155

  Pear of Anguish, 134

  pelvic nerve, 15–16, 22–25, 37–38

  author’s compression, 13–18, 20–21

  differences in female sexual response, 18–20, 25

  male vs. female, 23–24, 114, 194–95

  rape and, 94–98, 107–15

  trauma and, 87–88, 106–9, 113–15

  pelvic nerve disorders, 15–21

  penis envy, 156

  perception disorders, and rape, 94–98

  Perfumed Garden of Cheikh Nefzoui, 242–43

  perineum, 23, 24, 31, 78

  Perry, John Delbert, 280–82

  Persephone, 129, 268

  pessaries, 149

  Pfaus, Jim, 2, 57–58, 60, 64–67, 219, 228, 275, 283, 288, 315, 319, 326–27

  pharmaceutical companies, 76–77

  pheromones, male, 289–97

  phobic postural sway, 95–98

  physical appearance, telling her she’s beautiful, 311–14

  pituitary gland, 37

  Plato, 129–30

  Playboy, 182, 233

  Politics of Female Sexuality, The (Greer), 178

  polyvagal theory, 120–21

  Porges, Stephen, 120–21

  Porn for Women (anthology), 312–13

 

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