All the Devils Are Here

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All the Devils Are Here Page 50

by Bethany McLean; Joe Nocera

AIG-FP under

  biographical information

  and BISTRO

  compensation

  negative basis adjustment theory

  and PNC fine

  risk-aversion of

  style/personality of

  Catchings, Waddill

  Chanos, Jim

  Chatterjee, Debashish

  Cheyne Capital Management

  Christensen, Arne

  Cioffi, Ralph

  and Bear hedge fund collapse

  indictment of

  Citigroup

  Ameriquest portfolio, servicing

  Citicorp Mortgage

  SIV debt acquired by

  Cityscape

  Clarkson, Brian, and corruption of Moody’s

  Clinton, Bill

  derivatives regulation, neglect of

  homeownership initiative

  Coffin, Charles

  Cohan, William

  Cohen & Company

  Cohn, Gary

  Collateral calls, to AIG

  Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)

  Bear Stearns

  BISTRO as precursor to

  collapse of market (2007)

  danger and warning about

  downgrading (2002-2003)

  downgrading (2007)

  features of

  high ratings, reasons for

  hybrid CDOs

  Merrill Lynch

  multisector CDOs

  synthetic CDOs

  tranches

  See also specific instruments

  Collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs), features of

  Collateral triggers

  Commercial paper

  Committee to Save the World

  Commodities Futures Modernization Act (2000)

  Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), derivatives, regulatory efforts

  Community Reinvestment Act

  Conforming mortgages

  Fannie market for

  features of

  Consolidated Supervised Entities (CSE)

  Constantine, Thomas

  Correlation trading

  Corrigan, Gerald

  Corzine, Jon

  Counterparty

  Countrywide Financial

  balance sheet risk

  as bank holding company

  Bank of America acquisition of

  collapse of

  conforming mortgage market

  consumer complaints/lawsuits

  dangerous products of

  establishment of

  exception pricing system

  Fannie buys loans from

  founder/CEO. See Mozilo, Angelo

  independent brokers, use of

  low-income persons, initiatives for

  no-down-payment loans

  presidents. See Kurland, Stanford; Sambol, Dave

  profitability of

  refinancings by

  SEC fraud charges

  Spitzer investigation

  stock, decline of

  subprime mortgages

  underwriting guidelines, loosening

  Cox, Christopher

  Cox, Prentiss

  Credit default swaps

  AIG-FP

  BISTRO as precursor to

  first

  mortgage-based. See Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)

  profitability of

  relationship to subprimes

  risk-management features

  tradable market, lack of

  Credit enhancements

  Credit risk, minimizing. See Derivatives

  Cribiore, Alberto

  Cuomo Andrew

  Currency swaps

  Dallas, Bill

  Dallavecchia, Enrico

  Daurio, Jon

  Davis Square III

  Defaults, on subprimes

  Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act (1980)

  D’Erchia, Peter

  Derivatives

  of AIG Financial Products

  CDOs

  CDOs, multisector

  CDOs, synthetic

  credit default swaps

  currency swaps

  danger and warning about

  futures classification defeat

  high ratings, reasons for

  interest rate swaps

  of J.P. Morgan

  LTCM collapse

  netting out

  quants’ development of

  regulatory efforts

  structured investment vehicles (SIVs)

  tranches of

  See also specific instruments

  Deutsche Bank, ABS index

  Dimon, Jamie

  Dodge, Patti

  Donilon, Tom

  Dooley, Bill

  Drexel Burnham Lambert

  Dubrish, Robert

  Dugan, John

  Dunne, Jimmy

  Dynamic hedging

  Dyron, Dick

  Edper

  Edwards, Jeff

  Eichel, Scott

  Eisman, Steve

  Empiris LLC

  Enron

  European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)

  Evans, Gay

  Everquest

  Exception pricing system

  Exxon Valdez

  Fakahany, Ahmass

  Falcon, Armando, Jr.

  Fannie Mae

  accounting fraud, investigation of

  Bush era war with

  CEOs. See Johnson, Jim; Maxwell, David; Mudd, Daniel; Raines, Franklin Delano

  conforming mortgage market

  Countrywide mortgages sold to

  creation/functions of

  crisis of 1981

  crisis of 2007

  critics of

  debt acquisition, extent of (2007-2008)

  government bailout

  implicit government guarantee

  investor trust in

  lobbying by

  losses (2008)

  low-income persons, initiatives for

  mortgage stamping guarantee by

  OFHEO oversight. See Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight

  Paulson approach to crisis

  politicizing by

  profitability of

  regulatory efforts

  REMIC offerings

  restatement of earnings

  risky loans guidelines (2000)

  Salomon deals with

  subprime portfolio of

  supporters during collapse

  Federal bailouts

  AIG

  FDIC actions

  GSEs

  TARP

  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

  and bailout

  predatory lending warning

  Federal government

  actions during collapse

  bailouts. See Federal bailouts

  blue sky laws exemption

  double-taxation exemption

  financial services corporations. See Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs)

  preemption policy

  REMIC law

  S&Ls, liquidation of assets

  usury caps, abolishing

  Federal Home Loan Bank Board

  Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

  Federal Housing Finance Agency, and GSEs takeover

  Federal regulation/regulatory efforts

  derivatives

  Fannie Mae

  Federal Reserve, lending authority

  Glass-Steagall

  Obama administration

  subprimes

  See also specific regulatory agencies

  Federal Reserve

  mortgage lending authority of

  See also Greenspan, Alan

  Felder, Eric

  Financial services corporations. See Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs)

  Fink, Larry

  CMOs developed by

  Congressional testimony by

  MBSs developed by

 
; First Allance Mortgage Company (FAMCO)

  First Boston

  First Franklin

  First-lien mortgages

  First Magnus

  FirstPlus Financial

  First Union

  Fitch Ratings

  Fleming, Greg

  and Kronthal

  Merrill CDO exposure, researching

  FM Watch

  Fons, Jerome

  Foreclosures, defaults, rise in

  Forster, Andrew

  AIG subprime exposure, knowledge of

  CDOs, multisector

  Frank, Barney

  Freddie Mac

  Bush war against

  conforming mortgage market

  creation/functions of

  Paulson approach to crisis

  restatement of earnings

  subprime portfolio of

  See also Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs)

  Fremont Investment & Loan

  Friedman, Steve

  Froba, Mark

  Frost, Al

  AIG subprime exposure, knowledge of

  multisector CDOs

  Fuld, Dick

  Full Spectrum

  Gamboa, John

  Gauss, Carl Fredrich

  Gaussian distribution

  Geissinger, John

  Geithner, Timothy

  during collapse

  derivatives regulatory efforts

  as N.Y. Fed president

  pro-derivatives position

  subprimes, concerns about

  General Re, AIG deal investigation

  Gensler, Gary

  Gibson, Lang

  Gibson Greetings

  Gilleran, James

  Ginnie Mae, creation/functions of

  Gissinger, Drew

  Glass-Steagall Act (1933)

  Global economy

  Basel Committee rules

  economic crises (1994-1998)

  economic crises (2007)

  Gnaizda, Robert

  Goddard, Tom

  Goldfarb, David

  Goldman Sachs

  Abacus CDOs

  ABS index

  under Blankfein

  CEO compensation

  collateral calls to AIG

  Corzine ouster

  establishment of

  going public

  honesty, belief in

  Hudson Mezzanine

  Internet crash, impact on

  Long Beach deals

  mortgage department operations

  New Century deals

  under Paulson

  post-bailout scandal

  profitability of

  risk management

  Rubin at

  SEC fraud charges

  Senate Subcommittee hearing

  survival tactics

  synthetic CDO deals

  TARP payback

  Goldschmid, Harvey

  Goldstein, Matthew

  Gonzalez, Henry

  Gorelick, Jamie

  Gorton, Gary

  Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs)

  crisis of 2007

  critics of

  federal subsidy to

  government bailout

  investor trust in

  losses (2007)

  losses (2008)

  MBSs outstanding volume (1989)

  MBSs guaranteed by

  Paulson approach to crisis

  and post-bailout legislation

  Wall St. competition with

  See also Fannie Mae; Freddie Mac; Ginnie Mae

  Gramlich, Edward

  Gramm, Phil

  Gramm, Wendy

  Gramm-Leach-Bliley Law

  Grasso, Richard

  Greenberg, Alan “Ace,”

  Greenberg, Jeffrey

  Greenberg, Maurice R. “Hank,”

  AIG FP, control of

  biographical information

  earnings management by

  on FM Watch

  leaves AIG

  risk-management system of

  and Sosin

  style/personality of

  See also AIG Financial Products; American International Group (AIG)

  Greenberger, Michael

  Greenlining Institute

  Greenspan, Alan

  antiregulatory position

  on capital reserves

  “Committee to Save the World,”

  as derivatives supporter

  interest rate cuts

  on LTCM collapse

  subprimes, neglect of issue

  Gregory, Joe

  Guardian Savings & Loan

  Guldimann, Till, Value at Risk (VaR) developed by

  Gutierrez, Michael

  Habayeb, Elias

  Hagler, Grayland Scott, Reverend

  Hard-money lenders

  leading companies

  legislation and expansion of

  operation of

  second-lien mortgages by

  subprime MBS, first

  Harris, Patricia

  Hawke, John

  Hedge funds, at Bear Stearns, collapse of

  Hedging, dynamic hedging

  Hibbert, Eric

  High loan-to-value lending (HLTV)

  Holder, Steve

  Holding companies

  Home equity loans

  Homeownership

  and baby boomers

  Bush initiatives

  Clinton initiatives

  increase for credit risks

  and interest rates

  loan defaults, rise in

  Mozilo support of

  Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act (HOEPA)

  Home values

  drop in

  homes abandoned by owners

  increase in (2001-2006)

  Household Finance

  Howard, Tim

  HSBC

  Hudson Mezzanine

  Hunter, Allan Oakley

  Hybrid CDOs

  Icahn, Carl

  IKB

  IMARC

  Implicit government guarantee, Fannie Mae

  Incentive compensation

  Independent Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA)

  IndyMac

  Interest rates

  cuts and home buying

  increases

  Interest rate swaps

  Investment firms. See Wall Street; specific firms

  ISDA swap contract

  J. Aron

  Jedinak, Russell and Rebecca

  Johnson, Jim

  biographical information

  Fannie expansion under

  on Maxwell

  style/personality of

  J.P. Morgan

  Bear Stearns acquired by

  BISTRO

  CEOs. See Weatherstone, Sir Dennis

  credit default swaps

  derivatives

  lobbying by

  quants/quantitative analysis

  risk management

  special purpose entity (SPE)

  synthetics

  trading business entry

  Value at Risk (VaR) measure

  Jungman, Michael

  Junk bonds

  Kamilla, Rajiv

  Kapnick, Scott

  Karaoglan, Alain

  Kemp, Jack

  Kendall, Leon

  Kennedy, Judy

  Killian, Debbie

  Killinger, Kerry

  Kim, Dow

  Kindleberger, Charles

  Koch, Richard

  Kolchinsky, Eric

  Komansky, David

  Kronthal, Jeff

  firing of

  and Fleming

  Merrill CDOs

  returns to Merrill

  Kudlow, Larry

  Kurland, Stanford

  as Countrywide president

  leaves Countrywide

  style/personality of

  Kushman, Todd

  LaFalsce, John

  Lattanzio, Dale

  firing of


  and Merrill CDOs

  Lay, Ken

  Lazio, Rick

  Leach, Jim

  Lee, Wayne

  Lehman, David

  Lehman, Phil

  Lehman Brothers

  collapse of

  fraudulent activities

  losses (2007)

  Paulson during collapse

  Letters of credit

  Levine, Howard

  Levitt, Arthur

  Levy, Gus

  Lewis, Bob

  Lewis, Ken

  Lewis, Michael

  Lippman, Greg

  Lipton, Andrew

  Litton, Larry

  Litton Loan Servicing

  Lobbying

  derivatives supporters

  by Fannie Mae

  Lockhart, Jim

  Loeb, David

  Long Beach Mortgage

  establishment of

  federal investigations of

  Long Beach Savings & Loan

  establishment of

  Goldman deals

  loans, selling to Wall St.

  Washington Mutual acquisition of

  worst bank designation

  Long-Term Capital Management (LTCM), collapse of

  Low-income persons

  Countrywide loans to

  Fannie initiatives for

  Long Beach discrimination case

  Lowitt, Ian

  Lucido, Lou

  McCallion, Anne

  McCoy, Patricia

  McDade, Bart

  McDaniel, Raymond

  McDonough, William

  McGarrigal, Ray

  McGee, Skip

  McGraw, Terry

  McMahon, Mike

  McMurray, John

  Madigan, Lisa

  Magnetar

  Maloney, Carolyn

  Maloni, William “Bill,”

  Mark-to-market accounting

  Marsh & McLennan

  Mason, Joseph

  Masters, Blythe

  Matthews, Ed

  Maxwell, David

  biographical information

  on Fannie mission

  and Johnson

  and MBS development

  and MBS-related legislation

  MBS, view of

  and REMIC decision

  retirement package

  May, William

  Mehle, Roger

  Merrill, Charles

  Merrill Lynch

  Bank of America acquisition of

  BlackRock deal

  bonuses, accelerated

  CDOs

  CDOs, collapse of

  CEO. See O’Neal, Stan

  establishment of

  First Franklin acquired by

  post-bailout bonuses

  risk management, lack of

  subprime exposure, extent of

  synthetic CDOs

  Merrill Lynch Mortgage Capital

  Mexico, credit crisis

  Milken, Michael

  Miller, Tom

  Mital, Aseem

  Mobasheri, Ardavan

  Mondor, Paul

  Money market funds, and repo market

  Money Store

  Montag, Tom

  Moody, John

  Moody’s

  CDOs, downgrading

  CDOs, rating

  under Clarkson

  comments after CDOs crash

  derivatives high rating, reasons for

  downgrading of (2007)

  establishment of

  growth of

  reform, lack of

  Moral hazard

  Morelli, Robert

  Morgan Stanley

  establishment of

  GSEs, analysis of

 

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