Blood Sisters: The Women Behind the Wars of the Roses

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Blood Sisters: The Women Behind the Wars of the Roses Page 41

by Sarah Gristwood


  Chapter 24: Like a Queen Inter Me

  jousted for her: Among the fighters, so John Younge, the Somerset Herald, who wrote the description, noted, “Charles Brandon had right well jousted.” A dozen or so years down the line, Brandon would be the husband of Mary Tudor’s unsanctioned second marriage.

  confession . . . never published: Indeed, though both Vergil and the Great Chronicle (both postdating 1502) mention Tyrell’s guilt or at least the possibility thereof, mention of the confession, so dramatically utilized by Shakespeare, can be traced back only as far as Thomas More.

  a Miles Forrest was listed: Audrey Williamson, The Mystery of the Princes: An Investigation into a Supposed Murder, 178.

  velvet-clad effigy: The effigy is still there in the precincts museum, or part of it, anyway—a bald head, long stripped of its wig and crown, a wooden arm and hand. It looks like nothing so much as a monstrous doll—the broken toy of some giant child. The body of straw-stuffed leather fell victim to a World War II incendiary bomb. The flames took no hold in the vaulted stone room, but the damage was done by water from the firemen’s hoses. The planks of pear-tree wood around which the torso was built started to separate after their wartime saturation, and in 1950 they were “discarded,” as the restorer noted regretfully. But photographs survive and show the “ragged regiment” of the royal effigies in all their macabre glory. For more information, see A. Harvey and R. Mortimer, eds., The Funeral Effigies of Westminster Abbey (Boydell, 1994).

  Chapter 25: “Our Noble Mother”

  John Fisher: John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester (ca. 1469–1535), was the first holder of the Cambridge Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity. Vice chancellor of that university, Fisher (like Sir Thomas More) would be best remembered, and indeed canonized, for his refusal to accept Henry VIII as head of the Church of England, a refusal that sent him to the headsman’s block. For the Mornynge Remembraunce sermon preached a month after Margaret Beaufort’s death, see The English Works of John Fisher.

  her daughter Juana: See Julia Fox, Sister Queens: Katherine of Aragon and Juana, Queen of Castile.

  Shakespeare never wrote a voice for Margaret Beaufort: He never wrote a Henry VII, of course, though the coauthored Henry VIII takes the story up until the christening of Elizabeth I.

  Epilogue

  legacy of works: In Cambridge today, her image is among the parade of academic notables who gaze down over the modern setting of the Graduate Society’s café, the only other woman there besides Rosalind Franklin, the “dark lady” of DNA. Flick through the Cambridge Guide to Women’s Writing in English, and there she is, “Beaufort, Lady Margaret, English translator of religious texts and literary patron,” sandwiched between Simone de Beauvoir and American satirist Ann Beattie.

  toward mere domesticity: See the conclusion to Lisa Hilton’s Queens Consort: England’s Medieval Queens.

  SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

  PRIMARY SOURCES

  A number of the following original sources are now available online, notably the different versions of the Ballad of Lady Bessy and the texts of the Arrivall and Gregory’s Chronicle. Useful sites are those of the Richard III Society’s online library (http://www.r3.org/bookcase) and British History Online (http://www.british-history.ac.uk).

  Quotations from William Shakespeare are from the texts printed by Cambridge University Press.

  André, Bernard. Vita Henrici Septimi. In Memorials of King Henry VII, edited by J. Gairdner. Rolls Series. 1858.

  The Antiquarian Repertory: A Miscellaneous Assemblage of Topography, History, Biography, Customs, and Manners. Edited by Francis Grose and Thomas Astle. Vol. 4. 1807.

  Calendar of Papal Registers. Vol. 13, pt. 1, edited by J. A. Twemlow. 1955.

  Calendar of Patent Rolls: Edward IV, 1461–67. HMSO, 1899.

  Calendar of Patent Rolls: Edward IV and V and Richard III, 1476–85. HMSO, 1901.

  Calendar of Patent Rolls: Henry VI, 1452–61. HMSO, 1897.

  Calendar of State Papers: Milan. Vol. 1, 1385–1618, edited by Allen B. Hinds. HMSO, 1912.

  Calendar of State Papers: Spanish. Vol. 1, 1485–1559, edited by G. A. Bergenroth. 1862.

  Calendar of State Papers: Venetian. Vol. 1, 1202–1509, edited by Rawdon Brown. 1864.

  Calendar of the Close Rolls: Edward IV. Vol. 1, 1461–68 . HMSO, 1949. Chronicles of London. Edited by C. L. Kingsford. 1905. Reprint, 1977.

  Commynes, Philippe de. Mémoires. Translated by A. R. Scoble. 1855–1856. Translated by M. Jones. Harmondsworth, 1972.

  Crowland. Ingulph’s Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland with the Continuations by Peter of Blois and Anonymous Writers. Translated by Henry T. Riley. 1854.

  The Crowland Chronicle Continuations, 1459–1486. Translated and edited by Nicholas Pronay and John Cox. Sutton, 1986.

  Ellis, Sir Henry. Original Letters Illustrative of English History, Including Numerous Royal Letters, from Autographs in the British Museum, the State Paper Office, and One or Two Other Collections. Three series: 1824, 1827, and 1846.

  An English Chronicle of the Reigns of Richard II, Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI. Edited by J. S. Davies. Camden Society, 1856.

  English Historical Documents. General editor David C. Douglas. Vol. 4, 1327– 1485, edited by A. R. Myers. Vol. 5, 1485–1558, edited by C. H. Williams. Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1953–1970.

  Fisher, John. The English Works of John Fisher. Edited by J. E. B. Mayor. 1876.

  The Great Chronicle of London. Edited by A. H. Thomas and I. D. Thornley. Originally published for the Library Committee of the Corporation of the City of London, 1938. Facsimile edition. Sutton, 1983.

  Gregory’s Chronicle. In Historical Collection of a Citizen of London, edited by J. Gairdner. N.s. 17. Camden Society, 1876.

  Hall, Edward. The Union of the Two Noble Families of Lancaster and York. Originally printed 1552, 1558, and 1560. Modern edition edited by H. Ellis. 1809.

  Historie of the Arrivall of Edward IV. Edited by J. Bruce. Camden Society, 1838.

  Leland, John. De Rebus Brittannicis Collecteanea. Edited by T. Hearne. 1774.

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  The Paston Letters. Edited by J. Gairdner. 1904.

  Pizan, Christine de. A Medieval Woman’s Mirror of Honour: The Treasury of the City of Ladies. Translated by Charity Cannon Willard. Edited by Madeleine Pelner Cosman. Bard Hall Press and Persea Books, 1989.

  Stonor Letters. Kingsford’s Stonor Letters and Papers, 1290–1483. Edited by C. Carpenter. Cambridge University Press, 1996.

  Vergil, Polydore. Three Books of Polydore Vergil’s English History: Comprising the Reigns of Henry VI, Edward IV, and Richard III. 1844.

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