Summer of '68: The Season That Changed Baseball--And America--Forever

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Summer of '68: The Season That Changed Baseball--And America--Forever Page 29

by Tim Wendel


  231 caps off the 1968 season: http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.aspx?player_id=161

  232 “partly truth and partly fiction, a walking contradiction”: Hayden interview; http://tomhayden.com/biography/

  BIBLIOGRAPHY

  Baseball Encyclopedia: The Complete and Definitive Record of Major League Baseball. Macmillan, 1993.

  Brennan, Christine. Best Seat In The House: A Father, A Daughter, A Journey Through Sports. Lisa Drew/Scribner, 2006.

  Brokaw, Tom. Boom! Talking About the Sixties. Random House, 2007.

  Bulter, Hall. Al Kaline and the Detroit Tigers. Henry Regnery, 1973.

  Cantor, George. The Tigers of ’68: Baseball’s Last Real Champions. Taylor, 1997.

  Charters, Ann. The Portable Sixties Reader. Penguin, 2003.

  Clarke, Thurston. The Last Campaign: Robert F. Kennedy and 82 Days That Inspired America. Henry Holt, 2008.

  Drysdale, Don, and Bob Verdi. Once A Bum, Always A Dodger: My Life in Baseball from Brooklyn to Los Angeles. St. Martin’s Press, 1990.

  Eldridge, Grant, and Karen Elizabeth Bush. Willie Horton: Detroit’s Own Willie the Wonder. Wayne State University Press, 2001.

  Enders, Eric. Baseball’s Greatest Games. MLB Insiders Club, 2008.

  Feldman, Doug. El Birdos: The 1967 and 1968 St. Louis Cardinals. McFarland, 2007.

  Freehan, Bill, with Steve Geldman and Dick Schaap. Behind the Mask. Maddick Manuscripts, 1970.

  Gardella, John. Official NBA Guide, 2010–2011 Edition. NBA Properties, 2010.

  Gibson, Bob, with Lonnie Wheeler. Stranger to the Game: The Autobiography of Bob Gibson. Viking, 1994.

  Gibson, Bob, and Reggie Jackson, with Lonnie Wheeler. Sixty Feet, Six Inches: A Hall of Fame Pitcher and A Hall of Famer Hitter Talk About How the Game Is Played. Doubleday, 2009.

  Gillette, Gary, and Eric Enders, with Stuart Shea and Matthew Silverman. Big League Ballparks: The Complete Illustrated History. Metro Books, 2009.

  Gitlin, Todd. The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage. Bantam, 1987.

  Green, Jerry. Year of the Tiger: The Diary of Detroit’s World Champions. Coward-McCann, 1969.

  Greene, Graham. Ways of Escape. Lester & Orphen Dennys, 1980.

  Halberstam, David. October 1964. Ballantine, 1994.

  Hoffer, Richard. Something in the Air: American Passion and Defiance in the 1968 Mexico City Olympics. Free Press, 2009.

  Hillman, James. The Soul’s Code: In Search of Character and Calling. Random House, 1996.

  Kaiser, Charles. 1968 in America: Music, Politics, Chaos, Counterculture and the Shaping of a Generation. Grove, 1988.

  Kurlansky, Mark. 1968: The Year That Rocked the World. Random House, 2004.

  Lazenby, Roland. Jerry West: The Life and Legend of a Basketball Icon. Ballantine, 2009.

  Lipsyte, Robert. An Accidental Sportswriter. Ecco, 2011.

  MacCambridge, Michael. America’s Game: The Epic Story of How Pro Football Captured a Nation. Anchor, 2004.

  Maraniss, David. When Pride Still Mattered: A Life of Vince Lombardi. Simon & Schuster, 1999.

  McCarthy, Eugene. The Year of the People. Doubleday, 1969.

  McCarver, Tim, with Danny Peary. Tim McCarver’s Baseball for Brain Surgeons and Other Fans. Random House, 1998.

  McCarver, Tim, with Phil Pepe. Few and Chosen: Defining Cardinal Greatness Across the Eras. Triumph, 2003.

  McCarver, Tim, with Ray Robinson. Oh, Baby, I Love It! Villard, 1987.

  McLain, Denny, with Eli Zaret. I Told You I Wasn’t Perfect. Triumph, 2007.

  Mead, William. Two Spectacular Seasons: 1930 The Year the Hitters Ran Wild, 1968 the Year the Pitchers Took Revenge. Macmillan, 1990.

  Norman, Philip. Shout! The Beatles in Their Generation. MJF Books, 1981.

  Pappas, Milt, with Wayne Mausser and Larry Names. Out At Home: Triumph and Tragedy in the Life of a Major Leaguer. LKP Group, 2000.

  Pattison, Mark, and David Raglin. Sock it to ’Em Tigers. Maple Street Press, 2008.

  Risen, Clay. A Nation on Fire: America in the Wake of the King Assassination. John Wiley & Songs, 2009.

  Pitoniak, Scott. Jewel of the Sports World: The Story of the Hickok Belt. RIT Cary Press, 2010.

  Price, Reynolds. Letter to a Man In the Fire: Does God Exist and Does He Care? Scribner, 1999.

  Ruck, Rob. Raceball: How the Major Leagues Colorized the Black and Latin Game. Beacon Press, 2010.

  Russell, Bill, and Taylor Branch. Second Wind: The Memoirs of an Opinionate Man. Random House, 1979.

  Schlesinger Jr., Arthur M. Robert Kennedy and His Times, Volume II. Houghton Mifflin, 1978.

  Sides, Hampton. Hellhound on His Trail: The Talking of Martin Luther King Jr. and the International Hunt for His Assassin. Doubleday, 2010.

  Snyder, Brad. A Well-Paid Slave: Curt Flood’s Fight for Free Agency in Professional Sports. Plume, 2007.

  Stanton, Tom. The Final Season: Fathers, Sons, and One Last Season in a Classic American Ballpark. Thomas Dunne, 2001.

  ———. The Detroit Tigers Reader. University of Michigan Press, 2005.

  Swirsky, Seth. Baseball Letters: A Fan’s Correspondence with His Heroes. Three Rivers Press, 1996.

  Tiant, Luis, with Joe Fitzgerald. El Tiante: The Luis Tiant Story. Doubleday, 1976.

  Ward, Geoffrey, and Ken Burns. Baseball: An Illustrated History. Alfred Knopf, 1994.

  INDEX

  NOTE: The page numbers 116a–116p

  indicate the photographs in the middle of the book.

  Aaron, Hank “Hammerin’ Hank,”

  Aeschylus

  All-Star Games

  American Football League (AFL)

  growing popularity

  and Lombardi’s retirement

  racial diversity in

  and Super Bowl

  American League

  at All-Star Game

  pennant races

  pitchers

  America’s Game (MacCambridge)

  Appalachia Wolves

  Arledge, Roone

  Aspromonte, Bob

  Astrodome

  Astroturf, effect of

  Atlanta Braves

  Auerbach, Red

  August, Bob

  Bahnsen, Stan

  Balke, Bruno

  Baltimore Orioles

  aftermath

  Indians vs

  and pennant race

  Red Sox vs

  Senators vs

  Tigers vs

  Yankees vs

  Baseball

  100 years of

  fans discontent

  major league stats

  popularity of

  rule changes and new teams

  See also American League; National League

  Baseball (documentary)

  Basketball

  Gibson’s career in

  and King assassination

  NBA Eastern Division Finals

  and Russell

  Bauer, Hank

  Bauman, Bob

  Beckett, Josh

  Bedell, Howie

  Behind the Mask (Freehan)

  Bench, Johnny

  Bengtson, Phil

  Biederman, Les

  Bing, Dave

  Black armbands

  Blower, Archer

  Bosman, Dick

  Boston Celtics See also Russell, Bill

  Boston-Edison neighborhood, Detroit

  Boston Red Sox

  Boudreau Shift

  Bowling

  Boyd, Bobby “The Rope,”

  Boyer, Ken

  Briles, Nellie

  biographical info

  on Cardinals’ camaraderie

  on Gibson’s intensity

  in World Series

  Brock, Lou

  and Cardinals/Reds brawl

  Lolich on base stealing by

  as perceived weak spot in Cardinals game

  record

  stealing bases

  Tigers take advantage of bad habits

  World Seri
es batting

  World Series fielding

  Broeg, Bob

  Broun, Haywood Hale

  Brown, William James “Gates”

  absence after curfew

  biographical info

  on Gibson

  and Horton

  on McLain

  as pinch hitter

  on pitching

  on Tigers’ fun

  Buck, Jack

  Bull Durham (movie)

  Bunning, Jim

  Burgmeier, Tom

  Busch Memorial Stadium “Busch II,”

  California Angels

  Campbell, Jim

  Candlestick Park, San Francisco

  Cantor, George

  Cardinals. See St. Louis Cardinals

  Carew, Rod

  Carlton, Steve

  Cash, Norm

  batting

  on Lolich

  on Smith’s lineup

  in World Series

  World Series batting

  Cater, Danny

  Cepeda, Orlando

  biographical info

  and Cardinals/Reds brawl

  on hitter difficulties

  trade from Cardinals to Braves

  trade from Giants to Cardinals

  in World Series

  Chamberlain, Will

  Chicago Cubs

  Chicago, Illinois

  Cincinnati Red Stockings

  Cincinnati Reds

  Civil rights movement See also King, Rev. Martin Luther, Jr.

  Clarke, Ron

  Clemente, Roberto

  Cleveland Indians

  Cline, Ty

  Cobb, Ty

  Colavito, Rocky “The Rock,”

  Connell, Scott

  Cooke, Jack Kent

  Cortisone shots, McLain’s

  Cronkite, Walter

  Cuba

  Cuccinello, Tony

  Dalkowski, Steve

  Daniels, Jack

  Dark, Alvin

  De Vicenzo, Roberto

  Dean, Dizzy

  Deane, Bill

  Democratic National Convention

  Denver Bears

  Detroit

  celebration of 1968 World Series win

  curfew in

  newspaper strike

  race riots

  tension in, the year after the riots

  Tiger Stadium

  Tigers arrival from camp

  touring the city

  World Series decor

  Detroit Free Press

  Detroit Tigers

  aftermath

  American League pennant

  Angels vs

  Athletics vs

  and Brock’s bad habits

  and Cardinals’ habits

  Indians vs

  Lakeland, Florida, training camp

  Orioles vs

  “Plane in a Pool” stunt

  Red Sox vs

  team spirit

  White Sox vs

  Yankees vs

  Dierker, Larry

  Dietz, Dick

  Dobson, Chuck

  Dobson, Pat

  Drysdale, Don

  Kennedy on

  pat downs to check for illegal substances

  on pitchers

  record

  scoreless streak

  Eckert, William “Spike”

  on baseball’s popularity

  and Kennedy assassination

  and McLain’s home run to Mantle

  and rain during Game Four

  splitting leagues into divisions

  and steroid abuse

  Edwards, Harry

  Edwards, Johnny

  Ehmke, Howard

  El Birdos (Feldman)

  El Birdos ritual

  Ewbank, Weeb

  Fairey, Jim

  Fairly, Ron

  Fall Classic. See World Series

  Fans. See Sports fans

  Feldmann, Doug

  Feliciano, Jose

  Final Season, The (Stanton)

  Finley, Charles

  Flood, Curt

  biographical info

  Sports Illustrated cover

  in World Series

  World Series batting

  World Series fielding

  Florida Marlins

  Football

  at Busch II in St. Louis

  and condition of baseball field

  growing popularity

  NFL

  popularity of

  racial diversity in

  Super Bowl

  See also American Football League

  Franks, Herman

  Free agent status

  Freehan, Bill

  on Astrodome

  biographical info

  and Brock

  on Detroit newspaper strike

  and Hayden

  hit by pitches

  and McLain

  rifle in locker room

  on Tiant

  in World Series

  World Series batting

  World Series catching

  Frick, Ford

  Gabrielson, Len

  Gagliano, Phil

  Gambling

  Gibson, Josh

  Gibson, Pack Robert “Bob”

  awards

  on baseball rule changes

  biographical info

  on Brock’s character

  Cardinals’ reaction to availability of

  and Cardinals/Reds brawl

  Carlton on

  on Cepeda trade to Atlanta

  and Flood

  focus of

  Horton’s autograph quest

  on Howard’s hitting

  importance of

  on intimidation

  Kaline on

  on McLain’s gift to Mantle

  and MLK, Jr

  motivation

  on Olympic boycott

  on race and perception

  record

  scoreless streak

  Smith on

  World Series batting

  World Series pitching

  Goodman, Julian

  Gorman, Tom

  Gowdy, Curt

  Granger, Wayne

  Green Bay Packers

  Green Bay, Wisconsin

  Green, Jerry

  Haller, Tom

  Harlem Globetrotters

  Harrelson, Ken “Hawk,”

  Harvey, Doug

  Harwell, Ernie

  biographical info

  and Feliciano’s National Anthem

  on Kaline as World Series starter

  on McLain

  Havlicek, John

  Hawaii Five-0 (TV series)

  Hayden, Tom

  Hefner, Hugh

  Heidi (movie) and AFL game

  Herzog, Whitey

  Hesitation pitch

  “Hey Hank” (Briles)

  Hiatt, Jack

  Hickok Belt

  Hiller, John “Ratso,”

  Hillman, James

  Hitter challenges in “Year of the Pitcher,”

  Hoerner, Joe

  Hoffer, Richard

  Honochick, Jim

  Horton, Willie “the Wonder”

  on All-Star teams

  biographical info

  and Brock’s base stealing

  and Brown

  and Detroit

  and Detroit race riots

  on early years of baseball

  on Gibson

  and Gibson’s autograph

  homes on the road

  on indoor lighting

  record

  on Tigers team spirit

  World Series batting

  World Series fielding, Brock out

  in World Series, on sideline

  Houston Astros

  Howard, Frank “The Capital Punisher,”

  Howsam, Bob

  Hughes, Dick

  Humphrey, Hubert

  Hunt, Lamar

  Hunter, Billy

  Hunter, Jim “Catfish,”<
br />
  I Told You I Wasn’t Perfect (McLain)

  Ice Bowl (NFL)

  Indoor lighting

  Jackson, Reggie

  Jaster, Larry

  Javier, Julian

  Jewel of the Sports World (Pitoniak)

  Jipcho, Ben

  John, Tommy

  Johnson, Alex

  Kaline, Al

  biographical info

  on Gibson

  as pinch hitter

  on Tiant’s pitching style

  on Tigers team spirit

  World Series batting

  World Series fielding

  and World Series lineup

  Kansas City Chiefs

  Kansas City Royals

  Keino, Kip

  Kennedy, Robert

  assassination of

  baseball commissioner’s “day of mourning,”

  baseball players’ mourning

  and Gibson

  Humphrey as successor

  on MLK’s assassination

  Kenyan runners in Mexico City Olympics

  Killebrew, Harmon

  Kiner, Ralph

  King, Rev. Martin Luther, Jr. “MLK”

  assassination of

  and Gibson

  Kennedy on assassination of

  in Memphis

  and sports

  Kinnamon, Bill

  Knoop, Bobby

  Knuckleballs

  Konstanty, Jim

  Koosman, Jerry

  Koppett, Leonard

  Kosloff, Irving

  Koufax, Sandy

  Kurlansky, Mark

  Kyles, Rev. Samuel “Billy”

  on MLK and Gibson

  on MLK’s assassination

  on MLK’s last speech

  Lakeland, Florida

  Lamonica, Daryle

  Lanier, Hal

  Lasher, Fred

  Lee, Bob “Man Mountain,”

  Lemon, Jim

  Life magazine

  Lolich, Mickey

  biographical info

  and Brock stealing base

  comeback

  on Detroit fans’ violence

  on Hickok Belt winner

  hit in face with baseball

  home run in World Series

  on Howard

  McAuliffe on

  and McLain

  as MVP for World Series

  National Guard service

  pitching problems

  on Tigers’ wins preventing riots

  in World Series, Game Two

  in World Series, Game Five

  in World Series, Game Seven

  Lombardi, Vince

  Lonborg, Jon

  Los Angeles Dodgers

  Los Angeles Lakers

  Los Angeles Times

  Lost Son of Havana, The (movie)

  MacCambridge, Michael

  Madden, John

  Mankiewicz, Frank

  Mantle, Mickey

  Maraniss, David

  Marichal, Juan

  Maris, Roger

  biographical info

  and McLain

  record

  in World Series

  Matchick, Tom

  Mathews, Eddie

 

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