“the nation has lost in him a great citizen,”: Clemenceau, American Reconstruction, p. 224.
“That he has left an impress on the page of our history none can dispute,”: quoted in “Thaddeus Stevens: What Democrats Say of Him,” Cincinnati Daily Gazette, Dec. 22, 1868, p. 1.
“The death of Thaddeus Stevens”: quoted in Hoar, The Autobiography of Seventy Years, vol. 1, p. 239.
“Of course he was hated”: Grace Greenwood, “Thaddeus Stevens,” The Independent, Aug. 27, 1868, p. 1.
“In time…we shall come to recognize the wisdom of his views.”: “Death of Thaddeus Stevens,” New-York Tribune, Aug. 13, 1868, p. 1.
“In the last few years”: quoted in “Funeral of Thaddeus Stevens,” Philadelphia Press, Aug. 22, 1868, p. 1.
“I do not deny that it has been my intention”: CG 40: 2, May 27, 1868, p. 2599.
“humble way,”: CG 40: 2, July 27, 1868, p. 4514.
“in consequence of my action,”: see Edmund Ross to AJ, June 6, 1868, PAJ 14: 177; for the treaty request see Edmund Ross to AJ, June 13, 1868, PAJ 14: 215–16.
“I am aware that I am asking a good deal of you”: Edmund Ross to AJ, July 10, 1868, PAJ 14: 347; for the other requests see Ross to AJ, June 23, 1868, PAJ: 14: 258; Ross to AJ, July 1, 1868, PAJ 14: 295.
“the malevolence of Stevens, the ambition of Butler”: John C. Ropes to unknown [mistakenly identified as Fessenden] May 25, 1868, NYHS.
“the duty of Congress to make the best of Mr. Johnson,”: Edward Atkins to Charles Sumner, June 22, 1868, Houghton.
“I offer no excuse”: quoted, along with the summation, in Fessenden, The Life and Public Services of William Pitt Fessenden, vol. 2, pp. 230–37.
“I think we have a better chance now than we had any right to expect”: Charles Norton to E. L. Godkin, May 30, 1868, Harvard.
“a serio-comic necessity,”: Howells, “The Next President,” p. 629.
In Appleton, Wisconsin: see G. M. Robinson to James Doolittle, June 4, 1868, WHS.
“I have long been a believer”: Salmon Chase to Manton Marble, marked private & confidential, May 30, 1868, LC.
“The one great duty”: Howells, “The Next President,” pp. 630–31.
“the man of African descent”: Hill, “The Chicago Convention,” p. 175.
“people are more concerned about the kind of government”: see “Editorial,” “The Remaining Work of the Republican Party,” The Nation, Jan. 28, 1869, pp. 64–65.
“certainly more urgent, because it is life and death”: see Frederick Douglass to Josephine Sophie White Griffing, Sept. 27, 1868, quoted in Douglass, Selected Speeches and Writings, ed. Philip S. Foner, p. 600.
“The epoch turns on the negro”: Wendell Phillips, “After Grant—What?” Boston Advertiser, Oct. 28, 1868, p. 1.
“The day is coming when the black man will vote”: quoted in H. J. Brown: Political Activist,” Maryland State Archives, Maryland Historical Trust, Baltimore Heritage Research Collaborative.
“He rises here and gives us dissertations”: CG 40: 2, June 6, 1868, p. 2902.
“There can be no State Rights against Human Rights,”: CG 40: 2, June 10, 1868, p. 3025.
“one of the most important questions that absorb”: Henry Dawes to Electa Dawes, May 29, 1868, LC.
“I am sure we ought all to do what we can to save the country”: draft of BB to L. B. Halsey on letter from Halsey, May 15, 1868, LC.
Joseph Fowler: see CG 40: 2, July 27, 1868, pp. 4512–13.
“Bosh!”: quoted in “The Impeachment Case,” Dec. 18, 1869, Cincinnati Daily Gazette, p. 2.
“money-kings,”: see “Grant and Colfax, National Anti-Slavery Standard, May 30, 1868.
“the greatest triumph of the Washington lobby was the Johnson lobby”: Parton, “The ‘Strikers’ of the Washington Lobby,” p. 229.
“The Johnson lobby proper”: Parton, “The ‘Strikers’ of the Washington Lobby,” pp. 229–30.
“If he could jump Jim Crow into Tammany he would do it tomorrow,”: Samuel Ward to Samuel L.M. Barlow, June 19, 1868, Barlow papers, Huntington.
“Dissolve your committee and drop your investigation”: Samuel Ward to BB, June 14, 1868, LC.
“I contributed my money”: Samuel Ward to unknown correspondent [nd], NYPL.
Marble also said Republicans seemed not to know that the collector of the New York Custom House, Henry Smythe: Smythe had been appointed Collector: see Montgomery Blair/Samuel L. M. Barlow correspondence, 1866, and March 21–27, 1867, Huntington, for some the machinations behind Smythe’s nomination, which Barlow wanted kept secret, and also their concern over Smythe’s corruption.
“The vote on impeachment tells how difficult”: Manton Marble to William A. Dunning, draft, nd [1906], LC.
“There was no contemporary record of all this,”: Ibid.
“Mr. Johnson, like Medea, stands absolutely alone”: March 20, 1868, Clemenceau, American Reconstruction, p. 169.
“Why should they not take me up?”: Moore, Large Diary, July 3, 1868, LC.
“Tis not in the power of mortal man to save him”: March 23, 1867, Montgomery Blair to S.L.M. Barlow, Barlow papers, Huntington.
Washington McLean: see for instance, Washington McLean to S.M.L. Barlow, Oct. 11, 1867, Barlow papers, Huntington.
“the late insurrection”: “Third Amnesty Proclamation,” July 4, 1868, PAJ: 14: 317–18.
“Does anybody want a revised”: Frederick Douglass, “Hornito Seymour’s Letter of Acceptance,” The Independent, August 20, 1868, p. 1.
“with a host of ignorant negroes”: Frank Blair’s letter of acceptance of the nomination for vice-president, July 13, 1868, quoted in Appleton’s American Annual Cyclopedia, 1868, vol. 8 (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1869), p. 752.
“semi-barbarous race of blacks who are polygamist and destined to subject white women to their unbridled lust”: quoted in Foner, Reconstruction, p. 340.
“Seymour was opposed to the late war”: quoted in Barreyre, Gold and Freedom, p. 175.
“those who have forgotten”: June 12, 1868, Clemenceau, American Reconstruction, p. 197.
“A terrible platform,”: Samuel Ward to Samuel M. L. Barlow, July 21, 1868, Barlow papers, Huntington.
“Substitute Chase for Seymour and Thomas Ewing for Blair, we win,”: R. M. Johnson to S.M.L. Barlow, Oct. 15, 1868, Barlow papers, Huntington.
Seward supposed that Johnson could now be nominated: see Clemenceau, American Reconstruction, Oct. 21, 1868, p. 255.
It was the 500,000 votes: Before the election, hundreds of blacks were killed in in Louisiana and Georgia alone, with many other men and women simply disappearing, their fates unknown. See OOH, The Autobiography of Oliver Otis Howard, vol. 2, pp. 380–82.
A black man named Larry White: Reports of the Special Committee of the House of Representatives, 1871–72, p. 309.
“seems to have a peculiar and mortal hatred.”: William Wisener, et al. to AJ, Sept. 11, 1868, PAJ 15: 47.
“protective, military, political organization,”: quoted in August 28, 1868, from Cincinnati Commercial quoted in Reports of the Special Committee of the House of Representatives, 1871–1872, p. 32.
“In making this earnest protest against being placed”: “Georgia,” Appleton’s American Annual Cyclopedia, 1868, vol. 8, pp. 309–10.
The justice of the peace, L. B. Umpsflet: see Reports of the Special Committee of the House of Representatives, 1871–1872, pp. 326–27.
“The ‘Klu Kluxe Klan’ is in full blast here”: Charles C. Cotton to BB, April 10, 1868, LC.
“attempt to place the white population under the domination of persons of color.”: December 9, 1868, PAJ 15: 282.
“And when my term began”: 8–10 March 1869, in Mark Twain’s Lett
ers, vol. 3, pp. 459–60.
“never depart”: CG 40: 2, July 7, 1868, p. 3790.
CHAPTER THIRTY: EPILOGUE
Johnson wondered what: see Jan. 2, 1869, Welles, Diary, vol. 3, p. 498.
“Knowing these things…shall we debase ourselves by going near him?”: Jan. 5, 1869, Welles, Diary, vol. 3, p. 498; see also Feb. 20, 1869, p. 532.
At Johnson’s farewell reception: for this paragraph, see “The President’s Levee,” Washington Intelligencer, March 3, 1869, p. 2.
Evarts entered the room: see March 2, 1869, Welles, Diary, vol. 3, p. 538.
“Ought we not to start immediately?”: March 2, 1869, Welles, Diary, vol. 3, p. 541.
A gunner had been posted: New York Herald, March 3, 1869, p. 3.
“No one will lament the passing of this administration”: Clemenceau, American Reconstruction, p. 277.
“No President has had grander opportunities than Andrew Johnson”: “Walk Alone,” Albany Evening Journal, March 3, 1869, p. 2.
“I have nothing to regret”: “Farewell Address,” March 4, 1869, PAJ 15: 515.
“I fancy I can already smell the fresh mountain air of Tennessee”: “From Washington,” Albany Argus, March 5, 1869, p. 1. See also “The Last—Positively the Last,” Chicago Republican, March 3, 1869, p. 1.
“Depend on it”: quoted in Robinson, “Warrington” Pen-Portraits, p. 321.
“the ice is now broken”: A.B.B., “A Reminiscence: J. W. Menard,” Washington [Pennsylvania] Reporter, May 26, 1869, p. 6.
“The whirligig of time has brought about its revenges”: Charlotte Forten, “Life in the Sea-Islands,” p. 587.
“What the South wants”: “Civilization at the South,” New-York Tribune, March 23, 1872, p. 4.
“Before the law”: Quoted in Fahs and Waugh, eds., The Memory of the Civil War in American Culture, p. 171.
“Liberal Republicanism is nothing”: quoted in McPherson, “Grant or Greeley? The Abolitionist Dilemma in the Election of 1872,” p. 59.
“We meet the relics of slavery in the railroad cars, in the churches, and everywhere, but above all, we meet them when we come up for civil and political rights”: Speech of H. M. Turner, National Anti-Slavery Standard, June 5, 1869.
“the great poison”: quoted in Mardock, The Reformers and the American Indian, p. 39.
“When I see that Capitol at Washington, with its pillared halls”: “Closing Speech of Wendell Phillips,” National Anti-Slavery Standard, May 29, 1869.
“We turned around…Forrest.”: Wendell Phillips, “After Grant—What?” Boston Advertiser, Oct. 28, 1868, p. 1.
“Wendell Phillips and William Lloyd Garrison”: “Editorial,” New York Times, June 1, 1876, p. 6.
“I am only trying to carry out the measures Mr. Lincoln would have done had he lived”: Crook, Through Five Administrations, p. 138.
“leaves the country prey”: Trial III, p. 247. This is also Moorfield Storey’s argument; see Moorfield Storey to his father, May 17, 1868, in Howe, Portrait of an Independent, p. 111.
“If slavery is not wrong,”: Abraham Lincoln to Albert G. Hodges, April 4, 1864, quoted in Lincoln: Speeches and Writings, vol. 2, p. 585.
“where there was no actual crime committed”: see CG 40: 2, Feb. 24, 1868, p. 1399; see also CG 40: 2, July 7, 1878, p. 3787.
“As well separate the Siamese twins…as separate the offences now charged from that succession of antecedent crimes with which they are linked,”: Trial III, p. 260.
The country could rejoice: see “Thurlow Weed on Andrew Johnson,” New-York Tribune, January 30, 1875, p. 6.
“Could the President have been legally and constitutionally impeached for these offenses,”: Blaine, Twenty Years in Congress, vol. 2, p. 377.
Here was Andrew Johnson: see “The Senate,” Chicago Tribune, March 23, 1875, p. 5.
In retrospect, a modern biographer: see Trefousse, Andrew Johnson, p. 379. See also this volume, p. 377, for details of the burial.
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