633 “But what care can a man”: Ibid., 140.
634 His aide Colonel Long: Ibid., 138.
634 Lee had been slow to recognize: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 222.
635 To quote the verdict: Ibid., 228.
635 “a crater twenty feet deep”: Grant, Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant, 612.
636 It was not only “a tremendous failure”: Frances H. Kennedy, ed., The Civil War Battlefield Guide (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998), 356.
636 Even the retreat: Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 260.
636 “was sorely tried and beset”: Ibid., 261–62.
637 “from the north side of the James River”: Ibid., 261.
637 On August 25 Hill attacked: Ibid., 262.
637 Colonel Taylor, like many others: Ibid.
638 “must have a decided peace candidate”: Ibid., 262–63.
638 Lee’s chaplain: A. L. Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee (New York: J. M. Stoddard, 1886), 387–88.
639 “his love for the lower animals”: Ibid., 388.
639 Lee’s only hope was to break free: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 228.
639 “It will be too late”: War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series 1, Vol. 42, Part 2 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1893), 1230.
640 “a rich man’s war”: Gary W. Gallagher, The Confederate War (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1999), 18.
640 He would eventually become: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 346.
641 “to regain strength and weight”: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 139.
641 Though he urged Mildred: Ibid., 140.
641 It is interesting to note: Ibid.
641 These brief glimpses: Ibid.
642 Lee’s nephew Major General Fitzhugh Lee: Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee, 141.
643 Lee complained that he had requested: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 345.
643 In his masterly study: Albert Burton Moore, Conscription and Conflict in the Confederacy (New York: Macmillan, 1924), 345.
643 “We must decide whether slavery”: Ibid., 346.
643 President Davis was reluctant: Ibid., 348.
643 On February 4, 1865: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 351.
644 “to such punishment as”: Ibid., 354.
644 “it may be necessary to abandon”: Ibid., 355.
644 Lee was already thinking: Ibid.
645 “You must consider the question”: Ibid., 348.
645 Just as Lee was considering: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 149.
645 “serenaded the Meade home”: Ibid., 142.
645 “My precious little Agnes”: Ibid.
645 “draw out by his left”: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 356.
645 “The appearance of a steady”: Ibid., 357.
645 he noted that his ability: Ibid.
646 An even more serious problem: Ibid., 359.
646 On February 24, in a long letter: Ibid.
646 Deserters usually took: Ibid., 360.
646 “sustain even our small force”: Ibid., 362.
646 At 4 a.m. on April 2: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 239.
647 Whether or not Mrs. Lee: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 143.
647 “I see no prospect”: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 364.
647 Davis rose from his pew: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 144.
647 “Through the open casements”: Ibid., 145.
647 By the middle of the afternoon: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 366.
648 Mrs. Lee watched the scene: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 146.
649 Lee’s intention had been to concentrate: Long, Memoirs of Robert E. Lee, 367.
649 “My God!” Lee exclaimed: Douglas Southall Freeman, Robert E. Lee: A Biography (New York: Scribner, 1935), Vol. 4, 84.
650 The central panel of the Hoffbauer murals: Keith D. Dickson, Sustaining Southern Identity: Douglas Southall Freeman and Memory in the Modern South (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2011), xiv.
650 Lee did not yet know the worst: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 4, 86.
652 “competent, wise, forbearing”: William Garrett Piston, Marked in Bronze: James Longstreet and Southern History (New York: De Capo, 1998), 219.
652 “He was there to back Lee up”: Jeffrey Wert, General James Longstreet: The Confederacy’s Most Controversial Soldier (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993), 401.
653 Those who saw him: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 4, 109.
655 Lee’s father had been present: Charles Marshall, An Aide-de-Camp of Lee (Boston: Little Brown, 1927), 258.
657 His “ambulance and his headquarters”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 4, 114.
658 “If I am to be General Grant’s prisoner”: Reverend John William Jones, Personal Reminiscences of General Robert E. Lee (New York: D. Appleton, 1874), 147.
659 “Tell General Lee I have fought”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 4, 120.
659 “Then there is nothing left me to do”: Ibid.
659 “hard things to say of us”: Ibid., 121.
659 “Then your situation”: James Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1960), 538.
660 Alexander was in favor: Edward Porter Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy: The Personal Recollections of General Edward Porter Alexander, Gary W. Gallagher, ed., (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1898), 531–33.
661 “You have killed your beautiful horse”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 3, 126.
663 Colonel Taylor “had no heart”: Ibid., 133.
664 “talked in the most friendly”: Marshall, An Aide-de-Camp of Lee, 269.
665 Another observer wrote: Reverend J. William Jones, Life and Letters of Robert E. Lee: Soldier and Man (New York: Neale, 1906), 375.
666 Grant and Lee continued to chat: Grant, Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant, 736.
666 Parker made a few small corrections: This represents a combination of the accounts of Douglas Southall Freeman, Marshall, General Grant, and Brigadier General Horace Porter of Grant’s staff. Marshall, Grant, and Porter were close to Lee in the small room during the surrender.
669 The McLean house turned out to contain: Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 480.
CHAPTER 12 Apotheosis—1865–1870
671 There was a short period of discomposure: Douglas Southall Freeman, Robert E. Lee: A Biography, (New York: Scribner, 1934), Vol. 3, 145–46.
672 The two generals talked: Ulysses Grant, Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant (New York: Charles L. Webster, 1894), 744.
673 “His steed was bespattered”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 3, 161.
674 “The sorrows of the South”: Ibid., 194.
675 Their house had been rented: Reverend J. William Jones, Life and Letters of Robert E. Lee: Soldier and Man (New York: Neale, 1906), 383.
675 Once Lee had surrendered: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 3, 205.
677 In Lee’s case: Ibid., 206–7.
677 “we must expect procrastination”: Ibid., 207.
678 Once he returned to Richmond: Ibid., 209–10.
679 As for “the girls”: Mary P. Coulling, The Lee Girls (Winston-Salem, N.C.: Blair, 1987), 152.
679 They were unlikely to find: Ibid., 153.
680 Lee rose from the table: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 3, 211.
680 “I have always observed”: Ibid., 199.
680 “My own opinion”: Reports of the Joint Committee on Reconstruction, 39th Congress, Part 2 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1866), 7, 121, 126.
682 After a week of comfortable living: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 154.
682 “the people of the South”: Ibid., 156.
682 Colonel Christian mentioned: Ibid., 156–57.
683 “He prefers that way”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 3, 226.
684 Mrs. Brittania Peter Kinnon: Ibid., 160.
684 “
The Presidential Residence”: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 160.
685 His brief appearance: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 3, 246.
685 The one time he stepped out of his role: Ibid., 261.
686 Lee had not hesitated: Emory M. Thomas, Robert E. Lee (New York: Norton, 1995), 372.
687 He had testified under oath: Ibid., 382.
687 The first involved four students: Ibid., 388.
688 “a school for rebels”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 3, 354.
688 “which he so lately attempted to destroy”: New York Independent, April 2, 1868, 4, column 5.
688 Lee was indifferent to his own reputation: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 3, 350–51.
690 The senate of Virginia: Ibid., 444.
690 He accepted a visit: Mark E. Neely, The Fate of Liberty; Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 79.
690 Lee was happy enough: John Singleton Mosby, The Memoirs of John Singleton Mosby (Boston: Little Brown, 1917), 380–81; Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 3, 445.
690 Lee and Agnes proceeded: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 173.
690 From there they proceeded: Robert E. Lee, Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page, 1924), 398.
692 He died with the same stoic dignity: Reverend John William Jones, Personal Reminiscences of General Robert E. Lee (New York: D. Appleton, 1874), 158.
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