CONCLUSION
Closing Intention
Don’t ask yourself what the world needs. Ask yourself what makes you come alive. And go do that. Because the world needs people who’ve come alive.
Howard Thurman, American theologian and civil rights leader
“Really, only you can tell yourself to giddYup.”
At certain times of year in the Pacific Northwest, there are so many spider webs outside in the early morning that it’s hard to move without colliding with one of these glorious creations. I try to take my moments of sudden stopping as a reminder of Chief Sealth’s insight that we are all a part of a much larger web of life. As we prepare to depart on our separate yet connected journeys of trauma stewardship, it helps to remember that this web of life, as it extends throughout the world, is vast, intricate, and complicated in ways we may not understand.
Because the web of life is too complex for any human being to know completely, people often lose sight of the fact that there is a whole. But there is. And when we look at the spider’s creation, it is clear that even the slenderest strand makes a difference to the strength and sustainability of the entire miraculous structure. The same is true for each and every one of us. It matters that we try to do no harm. It matters that we try to keep our energy moving and healthy. It matters that we appreciate life’s strength and delicacy. It matters that we awaken to the web’s presence and then interact with it in an intentional and deliberate way. Otherwise, we will walk right through our own web without ever seeing its beauty, the way it reflects the sunlight or collects the morning dew.
John Muir, a Scottish-born American naturalist, once wrote, “When we try to pick out anything by itself, we find that it is bound fast, by a thousand invisible cords that cannot be broken, to everything else in the Universe.”
By now, we know that if we want to decrease the suffering in our world, we will need to learn a behavior that is fundamentally different from the ones that have caused such pain and destruction. We must open ourselves to the suffering that comes with knowing that there are species we can’t bring back from extinction, children we can’t free from their abusive homes, climate changes we can’t reverse, and wounded veterans we can’t immediately heal. We must also open ourselves to the hope that comes with understanding the one thing we can do. We can always be present for our lives, the lives of all other beings, and the life of the planet. Being present is a radical act. It allows us to soften the impact of trauma, interrupt the forces of oppression, and set the stage for healing and transformation. Best of all, our quality of presence is something we can cultivate, moment by moment. It permits us to greet what arises in our lives with our most enlightened selves, thereby allowing us to have the best chance of truly repairing the world.
As we continue on our journeys, may our lives be informed by our deepening awareness of our role in life’s web. May we care well for ourselves and for others. May we remember that our courage on this path lies in the way we take each and every step.“If one is to do good, it must be done in the minute particulars,” said the English poet and artist William Blake. May we remember that trauma stewardship requires us to honor others and our planet in a way that is possible only if we have made a commitment to our own path of wellness. May we discover peace amid the strife, joy amid the suffering, and trust amid the groundlessness that is, ultimately, life’s course.
NOTES
Every attempt has been made to accurately cite all of our sources. Trauma Stewardship is based on 20 years of work in the field, both in the United States and abroad, and as there was never a historical intention to write a book, detailed accounts of person, time, and place were not consistently recorded. We have tried to gather as much detail on those sources as is available to us. The author regrets any omissions. During the writing of this edition, several individuals were interviewed who asked to remain anonymous. We have honored their requests.
PAGE vii Langston Hughes poem: Langston Hughes, The Dream Keeper (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1932).
INTRODUCTION
PAGE 4 Seung Sahn: Pipe ceremony experienced by the author, Washington, 2006.
PAGE 5 Newsweek article: Eve Conant with Sarah Childress,“To Share in the Horror,” Newsweek, March 19, 2007, 34.
PAGE 5 CNN. com article: Andree LeRoy, M.D.,“Exhaustion, anger of caregiving get a name,” CNN.com/health, http://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/conditions/08/13/caregiver.syndrome/index.html (accessed 2007).
PAGE 6 Figley: Charles Figley, Compassion Fatigue: Coping with Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder in Those Who Treat the Traumatized (London: Brunner-Routledge, 1995).
PAGE 6 Pearlman: Laurie Anne Pearlman, Karen W. Saakvitne, Trauma and the Therapist: Countertransference and Vicarious Traumatization in Psychotherapy with Incest Survivors (New York: W.W. Norton & Co, 1995).
PAGE 6 Conte: Jon R. Conte, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2006.
PAGE 6 Dictionary: Merriam-Webster OnLine, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stewardship (accessed December 2008).
PAGE 6 Journal article: Richard Worrell and Michael Appleby,“Stewardship of Natural Resources: Definition, Ethical and Practical Aspects,”Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 12, no. 3 (2000), http://www.springerlink. com/content/q6x165h4j2276306 (accessed 2006).
PAGE 7 E. B. White: E. B. White, Essays of E. B. White (New York: Harper & Row, 1977).
CHAPTER ONE
PAGE 12 Emerson: Ralph Waldo Emerson, The Complete Works of Ralph Waldo Emerson (Boston & New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1903–1904).
PAGE 12 Kabat-Zinn: Jon Kabat-Zinn, Wherever You Go, There You Are: Mindfulness Meditation in Everyday Life (New York: Hyperion, 1994).
PAGE 12 Siegel: Daniel J. Siegel, The Mindful Brain: Reflection and Attunement in the Cultivation of Well-Being . (New York: W.W. Norton & Co, 2007).
PAGE 13 Suzuki Roshi: Jack Kornfield, dharma talk at Spirit Rock Meditation Center, Woodacre, CA, 2002.
PAGE 14 Anne Frank: Jack Canfield, Mark Victor Hansen, Nancy Mitchell Autio, LeAnn Thieman, LPN, Chicken Soup for the Nurse’s Soul: 101 Stories to Celebrate, Honor, and Inspire the Nursing Profession (New York: HCI, 2001).
PAGE 18 Stevie Wonder: Stevie Wonder, in concert, Seattle, WA, July 11, 2008.
CHAPTER TWO
PAGE 19 Gandalf quotation: J. R. R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1999).
PAGE 21 Golie Jansen: Golie Jansen,“Vicarious Trauma and Its Impact on Advocates, Therapists, and Friends,”Research & Advocacy Digest 6, no. 2 (2004).
PAGE 22 Michael Lipsky: Michael Lipsky, Street-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the Individual in Public Services (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1983).
PAGE 23 Street-level bureaucrat: Lipsky, Street-Level Bureaucracy.
PAGE 25 Beth Richie: Beth E. Richie, Ph.D, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2006.
PAGE 25 The New York Times Magazine : Benjamin Weiser,“The Wrong Man,” New York Times Magazine, August 6, 2000:30–35, 48, 60–63.
PAGE 26 Flateau and Gangi: Benjamin Weiser,“State to Pay in Case of Man Wrongly Held,” New York Times, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?
res=9803E0DB1231F930A25757C0A9679C8B63&sec=&spon= (accessed April 13, 2001).
PAGE 28 Structural violence: Johan Galtung,“Violence, Peace, and Peace Research,” Journal of Peace Research 6.3 (1969): 167–91.
PAGE 29 Paul Farmer: Paul Farmer, Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004).
PAGE 30 Caregiver stress: Andree LeRoy, M.D.,“Exhaustion, anger of caregiving get a name,”CNN.com/health, http://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/conditions/08/13/caregiver.syndrome/index.html (accessed 2007).
PAGE 30 McFarlane and van der Kolk: Bessel A. van der Kolk, Alexander C. McFarlane, and Lars Weisaeth, eds., Traumatic Stress: The Effects of Overwhelming Experience on Mind, Body, and Society (New York: Guilford Press, 1996).
PAG
E 31 Trauma and its challenge to society: Van der Kolk, McFarlane, and Weisaeth, Traumatic Stress.
CHAPTER THREE
PAGE 41 Mo O’Brien: Mo O’Brien, interview by the author, New Orleans, LA, 2006.
PAGE 42 Laurie Leitch: Laurie Leitch, Ph.D., interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2006.
PAGE 42 Brian Bride: University of Georgia,“Social Workers May Indirectly Experience Post-traumatic Stress,” ScienceDaily, January 10, 2007, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/01/070104144711.htm (accessed 2007).
PAGE 43 Ray Suarez interview: Archbishop Desmond Tutu, interview by Ray Suarez, Talk of the Nation, National Public Radio, November 23, 1998.
PAGE 44 Waking the Tiger: Peter Levine, Waking the Tiger—Healing Trauma (Berkeley: North Atlantic Books, 1997).
PAGE 45 Branford Marsalis: Branford Marsalis, interview for film documentary Jazz, produced by Ken Burns and Lynn Novick and written by Geoffrey Ward (Florentine Films and WETA, Washington, D.C., in association with BBC, 2000).
CHAPTER FOUR
PAGE 48 Karen Lips: Karen Lips, personal communication, October 2008.
PAGE 48 Victor Pantesco: Victor Pantesco, personal communication, 2008.
PAGE 49 Kirsten Stade: Kirsten Stade, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, October, 2008.
PAGE 50 Garber and Seligman: Judy Garber and Martin E. P. Seligman, Human Helplessness: Theory and Applications (San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1980).
PAGE 62 Subway ads: New York City Administration for Children’s Services, with kind permission, May 8, 2008.
PAGE 63 Luo Lan: Luo Lan, personal communication, October 2008.
PAGE 65 Elaine Miller-Karas: Elaine Miller-Karas, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2006.
PAGE 66 Stephanie Levine: Stephanie Levine, personal communication, 2006.
PAGE 68 Alice and the Queen: Lewis Carroll, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass (New York: Penguin Classics, 2003).
PAGE 70 X-Files: David Duchovny and Chris Carter,“The Sixth Extinction II: Amor Fati [Love of Fate],”The X-Files, aired November 14, 1999.
PAGE 70 Billie Lawson: Billie Lawson, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2000.
PAGE 71 Learned to make my mind large: Maxine Hong Kingston, The Woman Warrior (New York: Vintage Books, 1976).
PAGE 72 Thich Nhat Hanh:“Nomination of Thich Nhat Hanh for Nobel Peace Prize,” Martin Luther King Jr., January 25, 1967, http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/45a/025.html (accessed 2006).
PAGE 73 Letter from Thich Nhat Hanh: Plum Village Monastery, France, August 8, 2006, with kind permission.
PAGE 81 Kati Loeffler: Kati Loeffler, personal communication, 2008.
PAGE 83 Trauma Center in Boston: The Trauma Center Resources,“Police Stress,” Trauma Center at Justice Resource Institute, http://www.traumacenter.org/resources/pdf_files/Police_Stress.pdf (accessed 2006).
PAGE 91 R. Omar Casimire: R. Omar Casimire, interview by the author, post-Katrina, 2005. Page 132
PAGE 92 Newsweek article: Eve Conant with Sarah Childress,“To Share in the Horror,”Newsweek, March 19, 2007, 34.
PAGE 94 Holocaust survivor: Rabbi, personal communication, 2002.
PAGE 97 Diane Tatum: Diane Tatum, personal communication, 1999.
PAGE 97 Thich Nhat Hanh dharma talk: Thich Nhat Hanh, Being Peace (Berkeley: Parallax Press, 2002).
PAGE 99 Hafiz: Hafiz, The Gift, Daniel Ladinsky, trans. (New York: Penguin, 1999).
PAGE 99 Dune:Dune, written and directed by David Lynch, from the novel by Frank Herbert (Universal Studios, 1984).
PAGE 99Star Wars :Star Wars: Episode I—The Phantom Menace, written and directed by George Lucas (Lucasfilm, 1999), http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120915/quotes (accessed November 18, 2008).
PAGE 100 John Petersen: From teacher, personal communication, 2004.
PAGE 101 When you see the suffering: From teacher, personal communication, 2002.
PAGE 104 Jon Conte: Jon Conte, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2000.
PAGE 108 Thomas Merton: Thomas Merton, Conjectures of a Guilty Bystander (New York: Image, Doubleday, 1968).
PAGE 109 Shantideva: Pema Chödrön, dharma talk, Berkeley, CA, 2002.
PAGE 112 Ginny NiCarthy: Ginny NiCarthy, personal communication, 2006.
PAGE 112 Karyn Schwartz: Karyn Schwartz, personal communication, 2006.
CHAPTER FIVE
PAGE 116 Chance has never yet: Amy Jacques-Garvey, ed.,“Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey,” 1923, http://www.wordowner.com/garvey (accessed November 18, 2008).
PAGE 117 Pema Chödrön: Pema Chödrön, The Places That Scare You (Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2001).
PAGE 117 Peter Levine: Peter Levine, Waking the Tiger—Healing Trauma, (Berkeley: North Atlantic Books, 1997).
PAGE 119 Jack Kornfield: Jack Kornfield, dharma talk, Spirit Rock Meditation Center, Woodacre, CA, 2002.
PAGE 121 Stress-resistant persons: Bessel A. van der Kolk, Psychological Trauma (Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Press, 1987).
PAGE 123 Martin Luther King Jr.: Martin Luther King Jr., Washington State University, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Community Celebration, http://mlk.wsu.edu/default.asp?PageID=1481 (accessed November 19, 2008).
CHAPTER SIX
PAGE 130 Abandon any hope of fruition: Pema Chödrön, dharma talk, Berkeley, CA, 2002.
PAGE 131 Peter Levine: Peter Levine, Waking the Tiger—Healing Trauma, (Berkeley: North Atlantic Books, 1997).
PAGE 132 Integrated state: Daniel J. Siegel, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2008.
PAGE 132 Charles Newcomb: Charles Newcomb, personal communication.
PAGE 132 Dr. Liu Dong: Dr. Liu Dong, qigong retreat, Seattle, WA, 2006.
PAGE 133 Kenneth Cohen: Kenneth Cohen, The Way of Qigong: The Art and Science of Chinese Energy Healing (New York: Ballantine Books, 1999).
PAGE 135 Dr. Liu Dong: Dr. Liu Dong, qigong retreat, Seattle, WA, 2006.
CHAPTER EIGHT
PAGE 147 Nietzsche: Viktor Frankl, Man’s Search for Meaning (Boston: Beacon Press, 1959).
PAGE 148 Could this be why: John Brookins, personal communication, 2007.
PAGE 158 Although firsthand experience: Bessel A. van der Kolk, Alexander C. McFarlane, and Lars Weisaeth, eds., Traumatic Stress: The Effects of Overwhelming Experience on Mind, Body, and Society (New York: Guilford Press, 1996).
PAGE 159 With love to my: Peter van Dernoot, Helping Your Children Cope withYour Cancer: A Guide for Parents and Families (Long Island City: Hatherleigh Press, 2002).
PAGE 167 James Mooney: James Mooney, personal communication, 1999.
PAGE 169 Al Gore: Al Gore, An Inconvenient Truth (Paramount Classics, 2006).
PAGE 170 Zaid Hassan: Zaid Hassan, personal communication, 2006.
PAGE 170 John Brookins: John Brookins, personal communication, 2007.
PAGE 170 Viktor Frankl: Viktor Frankl, Man’s Search for Meaning (Boston: Beacon Press, 1959).
CHAPTER NINE
PAGE 172 The real voyage: Marcel Proust, Remembrance of Things Past: Three Book Boxed Set—The Definitive French Pleiade Edition, C. K. Moncrieff, Terence Kilmartin, Andreas Mayor, trans. (New York: Vintage Books/Random House, 1982).
PAGE 173 Deepak Chopra: Deepak Chopra, The Book of Secrets: Unlocking the Hidden Dimensions of Your Life (New York: Harmony Books, 2004).
PAGE 174 Rubin “Hurricane” Carter: From The Hurricane (Universal Pictures, 1999).
PAGE 174 Mark Lilly: Mark Lilly, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2008.
PAGE 175 William James: William James, The Principles of Psychology, Volume 1 (New York: Cosimo Classics, 2007).
PAGE 181 Viktor Frankl: Viktor Frankl, Man’s Search for Meaning (Boston: Beacon Press, 1959).
PAGE 181 Rumi: Jan Phillips, Divining the Body: Reclaim the Holiness ofYour Physical Self (Woodstock, VT: SkyLight Paths Publishing, 2005).
PAGE 182 Plan B Skateboards: Mike Ternasky, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2006.
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PAGE 184 Peter Senge: Peter M. Senge, The Dance of Change: The Challenges to Sustaining Momentum in Learning Organizations (New York: Doubleday, 1999).
PAGE 186 Traumatic Stress: Bessel A. van der Kolk, Alexander C. McFarlane, and Lars Weisaeth, eds., Traumatic Stress: The Effects of Overwhelming Experience on Mind, Body, and Society (New York: Guilford Press, 1996).
PAGE 187 I, for one, believe: Malcolm X, February 14, 1965, from Patricia Robinson, “Malcolm X, Our Revolutionary Son and Brother,” in Malcolm X: The Man and His Times, ed. John Henrik Clarke (New York: Macmillan, 1969), 56–63 (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1990).
PAGE 196 If your compassion: Jack Kornfield, dharma talk at Spirit Rock Meditation Center, Woodacre, CA, 2002.
PAGE 198 Chief Sealth: Chief Sealth, speech to a representative of the U.S. government, 1854.
PAGE 201 Archbishop Desmond Tutu: Archbishop Desmond Tutu, interview by Ray Suarez, Talk of the Nation, National Public Radio, November 23, 1998.
PAGE 202 Jill Robinson: Jill Robinson, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, October 2008.
PAGE 202 Kufunda: Marianne Knuth, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2006; Kufunda Learning Village, http://www.kufunda.org/whatandwhy.php?sheet=1 (accessed 2006).
PAGE 202 Architecture for Humanity: Cameron Sinclair and Kate Stohr, interview by the author, Seattle, WA, 2006; Architecture for Humanity, http://www.architecturefor humanity.org/about (accessed 2006).
CHAPTER ELEVEN
PAGE 211 Leonardo da Vinci: Michael J. Gelb, How to Think Like Leonardo da Vinci: Seven Steps to Genius Every Day (New York: Dell Publishing, 2000).
PAGE 212 The Daily Tao: Deng Ming-Dao, 365 Tao—Daily Meditations, http://www.fortunecity.com/roswell/vortex/401/library/365/365date.htm (accessed 2005).
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