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NOTES
Chapter 1: Suicide of a Nation
1.Robert Frost, “A Case for Jefferson,” in Edward Connery Lathem, ed., The Poetry of Robert Frost (New York: St. Martin’s, 1975), p. 393.
2.Albert Camus, The Myth of Sisyphus and Other Essays (New York: Vintage, 1991), pp. 3, 28, 31.
3.Abraham Lincoln, Lyceum Address, January 27, 1838, abrahamlincolnonline.org.
4.Barack Obama, Inaugural Speech, January 20, 2009, whitehouse.gov.
5.Giacomo Chiozza, “America’s Global Advantage,” Political Science Quarterly, Summer 2011; Stephen Cohen and J. Bradford DeLong, The End of Influence (New York: Basic Books, 2010), pp. 6, 14, 143; Fareed Zakaria, The Post-American World (New York: W. W. Norton, 2009).
6.Kenneth Ragoza, “By the Time Obama Leaves Office, U.S. No Longer No. 1,” Forbes, March 23, 2013, forbes.com; Stephen M. Walt, “The End of the American Era,” National Interest, October 25, 2011, nationalinterest.org.
7.Fawaz Gerges, Obama and the Middle East (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012), pp. 13, 152.
8.Tom Paine, Common Sense, Appendix to the Third Edition, ushistory.org; Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay, The Federalist (New York: Barnes and Noble, 2006), No. 1, p. 9; George Washington, letter to James Warren, March 31, 1779.
9.James Burnham, Suicide of the West (Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 1985), pp. 15–16, 20, 24.
10.John Milton, “Paradise Lost,” in John Milton: The Major Works (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), p. 370–71.
11.I get this phrase from Irwin Stelzer, “The Obama Formula,” The Weekly Standard, July 5–12, 2010, weeklystandard.com.
12.Dinesh D’Souza, Obama’s America (Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2012), pp. 67–90.
13.Frantz Fanon, The Wretched of the Earth (New York: Grove Press, 1963), pp. 76, 101–3.
14.Howard Zinn, A People’s History of the United States (New York: HarperPerennial, 2005), p. 10.
15.Howard Zinn, A Power Governments Cannot Suppress (San Francisco: City Lights, 2007), p. 23.
16.Cited by David Remnick, The Bridge (New York: Alfred Knopf, 2010), p. 265; Christopher Wills, “Obama Opposes Slavery Reparations,” Huffington Post, August 2, 2008, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/08/02/obama-opposes-slavery-rep_n_116506.html.
17.The “stolen goods” argument, attributed to Hardy Jones, is summarized in Robert Detlefson, Civil Rights Under Reagan (San Francisco: ICS Press, 1991), p. 54.
Chapter 2: A Tale of Two Frenchmen
1.Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America (New York: Vintage, 1990), Vol. I, p. 244.
2.Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France (New York: Penguin, 1982), p. 172.
3.Howard Zinn, A Power Governments Cannot Suppress (San Francisco: City Lights, 2007), pp. 57–61.
4.Tocqueville, Democracy in America, Vol. I, pp. 3, 94, 191–19, 292, 294, 303, 305, 334–35, 394, 427; Vol. II, pp. 22, 38.
5.James Miller, The Passion of Michel Foucault (New York: Anchor, 1994), p. 16, 20.
6.“Obamacare Freeing the Job-Locked Poets?” New York Post, February 7, 2014, nypost.com.
7.Noam Chomsky and Michel Foucault, The Chomsky-Foucault Debate (New York: New Press, 2006), pp. 39, 41, 51–52, 138–39.
8.Michel Foucault, “What Are the Iranians Dreaming About?” cited in Janet Afary and Kevin B. Anderson, Foucault and the Iranian Revolution (University of Chicago Press, 2005); see also Jeff Weintraub, “Foucault’s Enthusiasm for Khomeini—the Totalitarian Temptation Revisited,” New Politics, Summer 2004, jeffweintraub.blogspot.com.
9.Paul Hollander, Political Pilgrims (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1997).
10.Michel Foucault, Foucault Live: Interviews, 1961–1984 (New York: Semiotext, 1996), p. 383.
11.Miller, The Passion of Michel Foucault, pp. 260–61, 264; Patrick Moore, Beyond Shame (Boston: Beacon Press, 2004), p. 72; David Macey, The Lives of Michel Foucault (New York: Vintage, 1993), p. 369.
12.Miller, The Passion of Michel Foucault, pp. 29, 350, 381; see also Roger Kimball, “The Perversions of M. Foucault,” The New Criterion, March 1993.
Chapter 3: Novus Ordo Seclorum
1.Cited in John Richard Alden, George Washington: A Biography, p. 101, books.google.com.
2.Charles Beard, An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution (New York: Dover Books, 2004).
3.Noam Chomsky, “The U.S. Behaves Nothing Like a Democracy,” salon.com; Howard Zinn, A People’s History of the United States (New York: HarperPerennial, 1983), pp. 74, 85–86; Howard Zinn, A Power Governments Cannot Suppress (San Francisco: City Lights, 2007), p. 116.
4.James Fallows, “Obama on Exceptionalism,” The Atlantic, April 4, 2009, theatlantic.com.
5.Thomas Jefferson, letter to Roger C. Weightman, June 24, 1826, in Merrill D. Peterson, ed., The Portable Thomas Jefferson (New York: Penguin, 1985), p. 585.
6.Cited by Harry Jaffa, A New Birth of Freedom (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2000), p. 46.
7.Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1954), pp. 120–21.
8.Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay, The Federalist, No. 84 (New York: Barnes and Noble, 2006), p. 474.
9.Ibid., No. 51, pp. 288–89.
10.Eugene Kamenka, ed., The Portable Karl Marx (New York: Penguin Books, 1983), p. 389.
11.Bob Young, “Obama’s Big Time Fumble,” Arizona Republic, May 17, 2009.
12.Confucius, The Analects (New York: Penguin, 1986), p. 74; Paul Rahe, Republics, Ancient and Modern (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994), Vol. I, p. 44; Ibn Khaldun, Muqaddimah (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1967), p. 313.
13.Forrest McDonald, Novus Ordo Seclorum (University Press of Kansas, 1985), pp. 11–12, 37.
14.Abraham Lincoln, “Lecture on Discoveries and Inventions,” Jacksonville, Illinois, February 1859, cited in Michael Novak, The Fire of Invention (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1997), pp. 53, 58–59.
15.Hamilton, Madison, and Jay, The Federalist, No. 10, p. 53; No. 12, p. 65.
16.Thomas Jefferson, letter to John Adams, October 28, 1813, in The Portable Thomas Jefferson, pp. 534–35.
17.Daniel Walker Howe, What Hath God Wrought (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009), p. 33; Angus Maddison, The World Economy: Historical Statistics (Paris: OECD Press, 2003), p. 261.
Chapter 4: America the Inexcusable
1.Bill Ayers, Public Enemy (Boston: Beacon Press, 2013), p. 18.
2.Bill Ayers, Fugitive Days (Boston: Beacon Press, 2009), pp. 114, 126, 162, 241, 265, 294–95; Ayers, Public Enemy, pp. 16, 18; Bill Ayers, speech at the University of Oregon, May 2, 2012, theblaze.com; Dinitia Smith, “No Regrets for a Love of Explosives,” New York Times, September 11, 2001, nytimes.com.
3.Frank Marshall Davis, Livin’ the Blues (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992), p. 277; Frank Marshall Davis, “How Our Democracy Looks to Oppressed Peoples,” Honolulu Record, May 19, 1949; Paul Kengor, “Obama’s Surrogate Anti-Colonial Father,” October 14, 2010, spectator.org.
4.Edward Said, The Question of Palestine (New York: Vintage Books, 1992), pp. xxi, 37, 143; Edward Said, The Politics of Dispossession (New York: Vintage Books, 1995), pp. xv, xxvii, 31, 70, 82, 138, 178; Stanley Kurtz, “Edward Said, Imperialist,” The Weekly Standard, October 8, 2001, p. 35.
5.Roberto Mangabeira Unger, The Left Alternative (London: Verso, 2005), pp. xix, 80–81, 128, 134–35, 143, 148, 164; David Remnick, The Bridge (New York: Vintage, 2011), p. 185.
6.Jeremiah Wright, “The Day of Jerusalem’s Fall,” The Guardian, March 27, 2008, http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/20
08/mar/27/thedayofjerusalemsfall.
7.“Interview With David Kennedy,” New River Media, pbs.org.
8.Allen Ginsberg, Howl and Other Poems (New York: City Lights, 1956), pp. 9, 22, 39–40, 43.
9.Tom Brokaw, The Greatest Generation (New York: Random House, 2001).
10.Ayers, Public Enemy, p. 39.
Chapter 5: The Plan
1.Saul Alinsky, Rules for Radicals (New York: Vintage Books, 1989), p. 12.
2.Gil Troy, Morning in America (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005), p. 36.
3.Richard Poe, “Hillary, Obama and the Cult of Alinsky,” rense.com.
4.Stanley Kurtz, “Obama’s Third-Party History,” June 7, 2012, national review.com.
5.Alex Cohen, “Interview with Sanford Horwitt,” January 30, 2009, npr.org.
6.Hillary Clinton, Living History (New York: Scribner, 2003), p. 38.
7.John Heilemann and Mark Halperin, Game Change (New York: Harper, 2010), pp. 218–19.
8.Sanford Horwitt, Let Them Call Me Rebel: Saul Alinsky, His Life and Legacy (New York: Vintage Books, 1992); Saul Alinsky, Reveille for Radicals, p. 25, books.google.com.
9.Nicholas von Hoffman, Radical: A Portrait of Saul Alinsky (New York: Nation Books, 2010), p. 82.
10.Alinsky, Rules for Radicals, pp. 184–96.
11.“Playboy Interview: Saul Alinsky,” Playboy, March 1972.
12.Alinsky, Rules for Radicals, pp. ix, 25, 30–31, 36.
13.“Obama: Trayvon Martin Could Have Been Me,” July 19, 2013, cnn.com; Jennifer Senior, “Dreaming of Obama,” New York, September 24, 2006, nymag.com.
14.Barack Obama, The Audacity of Hope (New York: Three Rivers Press), 2006, p. 11.
Chapter 6: The Red Man’s Burden
1.Robert Royal, 1492 and All That (Washington, D.C.: Ethics and Public Policy Center, 1992), p. 19; Winona LaDuke, “We Are Still Here,” Sojourners, October 1991, p. 16; Glenn Morris, “Even Columbus,” Wall Street Journal, October 12, 1992, p. A-10; Stephen Greenblatt, Marvelous Possessions (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991), p. 136.
2.Francine Uenuma and Mike Fritz, “Why the Sioux Are Refusing $1.3 Billion,” PBS, August 24, 2011, pbs.org.
3.William McNeill, Plagues and Peoples (New York: Doubleday, 1976); Guenter Lewy, “Were American Indians the Victims of Genocide?” Commentary, September 2004.
4.Christopher Columbus, The Journals of Christopher Columbus (New York: Bonanza Books, 1989), pp. 33, 58, 116; Wilcomb Washburn, “The First European Contacts with the American Indians,” Instituto de Investigacao Cientifica Tropical, Lisbon, 1988, pp. 439–43.
5.Bernal Diaz, The Conquest of New Spain (New York: Penguin, 1963), p. 229; Howard Zinn, A People’s History of the United States (New York: HarperPerennial, 2003), p. 11.
6.Mario Vargas Llosa, Wellsprings (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2008), pp. 125–26.
7.Lewis Hanke, Aristotle and the American Indians (Chicago: Henry Regnery, 1959), pp. 19, 37.
8.Frederick Douglass, Life and Times of Frederick Douglass (Park Publishing, 1882), p. 128, books.google.com.
9.Thomas Pangle, The Spirit of Modern Republicanism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988), p. 159.
10.John Locke, Two Treatises on Government (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988), pp. 285–302.
11.Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America (New York: Vintage, 1990), Vol. I, p. 25; Paul Johnson, A History of the American People (New York: HarperPerennial, 1997), p. 352.
12.Ralph Lerner, The Thinking Revolutionary (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1987), p. 163; Zinn, A People’s History of the United States, p. 125.
13.Johnson, A History of the American People, p. 271.
14.H. W. Brands, Lone Star Nation (New York: Anchor Books, 2004), p. 49.
Chapter 7: The Myth of Aztlan
1.Patricia Limerick, The Legacy of Conquest (New York: W. W. Norton, 1987), p. 255.
2.Barack Obama, The Audacity of Hope (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2006), p. 293; Joshua Keating, “Kerry: The Monroe Doctrine is Over,” November 19, 2013, slate.com.
3.Daniel Walker Howe, What Hath God Wrought (New York: Oxford, 2009), p. 659.
4.H. W. Brands, Lone Star Nation (New York: Anchor, 2004), pp. 157, 191.
5.David Montejano, Anglos and Mexicans in the Making of Texas (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1987), p. 305.
6.Howard Zinn, A People’s History of the United States (New York: HarperPerennial, 2003), pp. 154, 156.
7.Howe, What Hath God Wrought, p. 686.
8.Abraham Lincoln, Speech in the House of Representatives, January 12, 1848, in Roy Basler, ed., The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1953), Vol. I. p. 115.
9.Robert Rosenbaum, Mexicano Resistance in the Southwest (Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1998), pp. 5, 7, 20, 157; Harry Jaffa, Crisis of the House Divided (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009), p. 79.
Chapter 8: Their Fourth of July
1.Harold Bloom, ed., Emerson’s Essays, p. 185, books.google.com.
2.Phillip Magness and Sebastian Page, Colonization After Emancipation (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2011).
3.Abraham Lincoln, “Address on Colonization to a Committee of Colored Men,” Washington, D.C., August 14, 1862.
4.Letter from James Madison to Robert J. Evans, June 15, 1819, in Drew McCoy, The Last of the Fathers: James Madison and the Republican Legacy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), p. 280.
5.Magness and Page, Colonization After Emancipation, pp. 1, 29, 32, 43–44, 47.
6.Frederick Douglass, “The Folly of Colonization,” January 9, 1894.
7.Cited in Philip S. Foner, ed., The Life and Writings of Frederick Douglass (New York: International Publishers, 1950), Vol. I, p. 126; Vol. II, pp. 188–89.
8.Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857), 60 U. S. 393; John Calhoun, Speech on the Oregon Bill, June 27, 1848, in Ross M. Lence, ed., Union and Liberty: The Political Philosophy of John C. Calhoun (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 1992), pp. 565–70.
9.Randall Robinson, The Debt (New York: Dutton, 2000).
10.J. M. Roberts, The Penguin History of the World (New York: Penguin, 1990), p. 727.
11.Michael P. Johnson and James L. Roark, Black Masters (New York: W. W. Norton, 1984), pp. 23, 132, 135–36, 141, 308; Kenneth Stampp, The Peculiar Institution (New York: Vintage, 1956), p. 194; Abram Harris, The Negro as Capitalist (New York: Arno Press, 1936), p. 4; John Sibley Butler, Entrepreneurship and Self-Help Among Black Americans (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991), p. 43; Larry Koger, Black Slaveowners (Charleston: University of South Carolina Press, 1985); H. E. Sterkx, The Free Negro in Antebellum Louisiana (Rutherford, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1972).
12.Basil Davidson, The African Slave Trade (Boston: Little, Brown, 1969), p. 255; L. H. Gann and Peter Duignan, Africa South of the Sahara (Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1981), p. 4.
13.Cited in Roy P. Basler, ed., Abraham Lincoln: His Speeches and Writings (Cleveland: World Publishing, 1946), p. 427.
14.Allen Guelzo, Lincoln and Douglas (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), p. 32, 82, 266–67.
15.Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia (New York: W. W. Norton, 1982), p. 163.
16.Abraham Lincoln, “Speech on the Dred Scott Decision,” Springfield, Illlnois, June 26, 1857, in Mario Cuomo and Harold Holzer, eds., Lincoln on Democracy (New York: HarperCollins, 1990), p. 90–91.
17.Frederick Douglass, “Address for the Promotion of Colored Enlistments,” July 6, 1863.
18.Frederick Douglass, “What the Black Man Wants,” speech to the annual meeting of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society, Boston, April 1865, lib.rochester.edu.
19.Zora Neale Hurston, Dust Tracks on a Road (New York: HarperPerennial, 1991), pp. 206–8; Zora Neale Hurston, “How It Feels to Be Colored Me,” in Henry Louis Gates, ed., Bearing Witness (New York: Pantheon, 1991), p. 16.
Chapter 9: “Tha
nk You, Mister Jefferson”
1.Martin Luther King, Jr., “I Have a Dream,” August 28, 1863, ushistory.org.
2.Joel Williamson, The Crucible of Race (New York: Oxford University Press, 1984), p. 254.
3.Jennifer Roback, “The Political Economy of Segregation,” Journal of Economic History 46 (1986), pp. 893–917.
4.Thomas Sowell, Markets and Minorities (New York: Basic Books, 1981), p. 61.
5.See, e.g., “The Rise of Intermarriage,” Pew Research, February 16, 2012, pewsocialtrends.org.
6.Orlando Patterson, “Race, Gender and Liberal Fallacies,” New York Times, October 20, 1991.
7.Philip S. Foner, ed., W. E. B. Du Bois Speaks: Speeches and Addresses 1890–1919 (New York: Pathfinder Books, 1970), p. 4.
8.Booker T. Washington, Up From Slavery (New York: Penguin Books, 1986), pp. 41, 208, 229; Booker T. Washington, “The Awakening of the Negro,” The Atlantic Monthly, September 1896.
9.Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois, The Negro in the South (New York: George W. Jacobs, 1907), pp. 181–82; E. Davidson Washington, ed., Selected Speeches of Booker T. Washington (New York: Doubleday, 1932), p. 237.
10.Cited in James M. Washington, ed., A Testament of Hope (San Francisco: Harper, 1986), pp. 212, 246, 489–90.
11.Jacqueline Moore, Booker T. Washington, W. E. B. Du Bois, and the Struggle for Racial Uplift (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003), p. 117.
Chapter 10: The Virtue of Prosperity
1.James Boswell, The Life of Johnson (New York: Oxford University Press, 1933), Vol. I, p. 567.
2.Frederick Jackson Turner, “The Significance of the Frontier in American History,” Annals of America, 1968, learner.org, http://www.learner.org/workshops/primarysources/corporations/docs/turner.html.
3.Barack Obama Sr., “Problems Facing Our Socialism,” East Africa Journal, July 1965.
4.Barack Obama, “Remarks by the President at a Campaign Event in Roanoke, Virginia,” July 13, 2012; “Obama to Business Owners: You Didn’t Build That,” Fox News, July 16, 2012.
5.Elizabeth Warren, “There Is Nobody in This Country Who Got Rich on His Own,” CBS News, September 22, 2011.
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