Chapter Five
Page 120: Bruce Davidson/Magnum Photos, Inc.; Page 123: The Southern Patriot, Courtesy of Anne Braden; Page 124: Courtesy of the Fellowship of Reconciliation; Page 128 (top): courtesy of Diane Nash; (bottom): photo by Jack Moebes/Greensboro News and Record; Page 131: The Tennessean; Page 134: all from AP/Wide World; Page 137: The Southern Patriot, Courtesy of Anne Braden; Page 138: George Tames/The New York Times; Page 141 (top): UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos: (bottom): Greenville News-Piedmont Co./James G. Wilson; Page 144: A Philip Randolph Institute; Page 146: AP/Wide World; Page 149: National Archives (306-PS- #819–63-4063); Page 150: all from UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 152: Tommy Giles; Page 154: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 155: The Tennessean; Page 156 (top): UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; (bottom): AP/Wide World.
Chapter Six
Page 162: Bruce Davidson/Magnum Photos, Inc.; Page 166 (top): Library of Congress; (bottom): Danny Lyon/Magnum Photos, Inc.; Page 169: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 174: AP/Wide World; Page 175: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 176: Joe Alper; Page 180 (bottom): Danny Lyon/Magnum Photos, Inc.; (top): The Birmingham News; Page 185: all from Charles Moore/Black Star; Page 191: Charles Moore/Black Star; Page 192 (top): Charles Moore/Black Star; (bottom): UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 195: Birmingham Post-Herald.
March On Washington Interlude
Page 196: Fred Ward/Black Star; Page 198: A. Philip Randolph Institute; Page 199: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 200: all from Library of Congress; Page 201: Danny Lyons/Magnum Photos, Inc.; Page 202: Ken Thompson; Page 203: Bob Adelman/Magnum Photos, Inc.
Chapter Seven
Page 206: Tamio Wakayama; Page 210: NAACP; Page 214: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 217: Dan J. McCoy/Black Star; Page 223: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 225: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 226: photo no. AR 8255–3K John F. Kennedy Library; Page 227 (top): Courtesy of Mary Lee Moore; (bottom): Ken Thompson; Page 232: Lyndon B. Johnson Library; Page 233: AP/Wide World; Page 235: © 1978 Matt Herron; Page 236 (top left): © 1978 Matt Herron; (top center): Bob Fletcher/SNCC Photo; (bottom left): Danny Lyon/Magnum Photos, Inc.; (bottom right): © 1978 Matt Herron: Page 237 (top left): Tamio Wakayama; (top right): Charles Moore/Black Star; (bottom left): © 1978 Matt Herron; (bottom right): Ken Thompson; Page 238: Courtesy of the F.B.I.; Page 239: © 1978 Matt Herron; Page 241: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 244: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 246: © 1978 Matt Herron.
Chapter Eight
Page 250: James Karales; Page 252: AP/Wide World; Page 256: Collection of Juanita Jackson Mitchell; Page 263: all from AP/Wide World; Page 266 (top): AP/Wide World; (bottom left): UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; (bottom right): AP/Wide World; Page 269: AP/Wide World; Page 274: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 275: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; Page 278: AP/Wide World; Page 280 (top): © 1978 Matt Herron © 1978; (bottom left): Matt Herron/Black Star; (bottom right): © 1978 Matt Herron; Page 281 (top): UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos; (bottom) Steve Schapiro/Black Star; Page 283: Bob Adelman/Magnum Photos, Inc.; Page 284: UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos.
Grateful acknowledgment is made for permission to reprint the following copyrighted material:
Excerpt from The Southern Case for School Segregation by James J. Kilpatrick. Used with permission of Macmillan Publishing Company. © Macmillan Publishing Company 1962.
Excerpt from Coming of Age in Mississippi by Anne Moody. Copyright © 1968 by Anne Moody. Reprinted by permission of Doubleday & Company, Inc.
“Say Dixie Whites Are Not Bad Folks.” Reprinted with permission from the Chicago Defender.
“Mr. Faubus Is Where He Was.” Reprinted with permission of the Arkansas Gazette.
Excerpt from The Long Shadow of Little Rock by Daisy Bates, copyright 1962. Reprinted with permission. Published by David McKay Company, Inc.
Selection abridged from “Letter from a Birmingham Jail, April 16, 1963” in Why We Can’t Wait by Martin Luther King, Jr. Copyright © 1963 by Martin Luther King, Jr. Reprinted by permission of Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc.
“I Have A Dream.” Reprinted by permission of Joan Daves. Copyright 1963 by Martin Luther King, Jr.
Excerpt from To Praise Our Bridges: The Autobiography of Fannie Lou Hamer. Reprinted with permission of Maria Varela, editor.
Staff
Eyes on the Prize: America’s Civil Rights Years
A Production of Blackside, Inc. Boston, Massachusetts
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Ruth M. Batson, co-chairperson
Mary Francis Berry
The Hon. Julian Bond
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Vernon E. Jordan, Jr.
H. Peter Karoff
Melvin King
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The Hon. John Lewis
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The Hon. Parren Mitchell
Woodrow A. Myers, Jr., M.D.
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Anne Poussaint
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Funders:
Eyes on the Prize is funded by public television stations, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, and by major grants from the Ford Foundation, Lotus Development Corporation, and the Lilly Endowment. Additional funding has been provided by the Abelard Foundation, the Alabama Humanities Foundation, the Ruth Batson Educational Foundation, Bay Packaging and Converting Co., Inc., the Bird Companies Charitable Foundation, the Boston Foundation, the Boston Globe Foundation, the Columbia Foundation, Cummins Engine Corporation, the Maurice Falk Medical Fund, the Freed Foundation, Freedom House, the Charles Friedman Family Foundation, the Georgia Council on the Humanities, the Wallace Alexander Gerbode Foundation, the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund, the Irving I. Goldstein Foundation, the Edward W. Hazen Foundation, Hillsdale Fund, Inc., the Charles Evans Hughes Foundation, the Hyams Trust, Joint Foundation Support, Inc., the Kraft Foundation, the Metropolitan Foundation of Atlanta, the Mississippi Council on the Humanities, the Model Fund, the New York Community Trust, the PBS Program Fund, the Philadelphia Foundation, the Polaroid Foundation, the Mary Norris Preyer Fund, Raytheon Company, the Rockefeller Foundation, the San Francisco Foundation, the Sapelo Island Research Center, Sun Company, the Tides Foundation, and the Villers Foundation.
Special thanks to the Charles H. Revson Foundation, for their support of Eyes on the Prize.
Index
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. To find the corresponding locations in the text of this digital version, please use the “search” function on your e-reader. Note that not all terms may be searchable.
Abernathy, Ralph, 67, 76–77, 81, 85, 88, 122, 129; and Albany Movement, 157, 168, 169, 171, 172, 174; in Birmingham, 181, 184, 186; in Montgomery, 274
African civil rights movement, 139
Alabama: education funding, 2; voter registration, 252–255, 258–259, 285, 286. See also Birmingham, AL; Montgomery, AL
Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights, 179
Albany, GA/Albany Movement, 164, 165, 167, 168, 169, 174, 175–177; bus boycott, 171; failure of, 178; march and mass rally, 171, 173–174
Alexander, T. M., 88
American Bar Association, 5, 7
American Civil Liberties Union, 4, 125
American Friends Service Committee, 187
Americans for Democratic Action (ADA), 233, 234, 257
Amos, Benjamin F., 18
Anderson, Trezzvant W., 179
Anderson, William, 167, 168, 169, 170, 173, 178
Arkansas: integration efforts, 92–93. See also Little Rock, AR
Arkansas State Press, 100, 114–115
Ashmore, Harry S., 104
Association of American Law Schools, 7
Azbell, Joe, 69, 72, 74, 76, 79
Bagley, James H., 77
Bailey, Mel, 194
Baker, Ella, 127, 129, 136–137, 233
Baker, Wilson, 255, 258, 259, 260–261, 265, 268–269, 272
Banks, Lester, 27
Barbe, William, 148
Barnett, Ross, 214–217, 218, 224
Barry, Marion, 65, 212, 213, 286
Bates, Daisy, 92, 95, 97, 99, 100–101, 105, 106, 107, 114–116, 129
Bates, L. C., 100, 101, 114
Baton Rouge, LA bus boycott, 60–61
Beals, Melba Pattillo, 108–109, 110, 113
Bennett, Bruce, 65, 100
Bennett, L. Roy, 69, 73
Bevel, James, 65, 188–189, 190, 193, 245, 267, 269
Birmingham, AL, 179, 184; confrontation (Project “C”) in, 181, 184–195; Freedom Riders in, 179, 181
Bishop, Gardner, 16, 18
Black, Hugo, 82
Black Muslims, 262
black press, 50–51
Blackwell, Unita, 286
Blair, Ezell, Jr., 127
Blake, James F., 63, 66, 88
“Bloody Sunday,” 272, 273
Blossom, Virgil T./Blossom Plan, 92–93, 100, 114–115
Bolling, Spottswood, Jr., 18
Bolling v. Sharpe, 18, 31
Booker, Simeon, 149
Boutwell, Albert, 181, 182, 183, 184, 187, 194
Boynton, Amelia Platts, 254, 259, 269, 282, 284
Bradley, Amanda, 48
Bradley, Mamie, 41, 44, 57
Bradley, Tom, 286
Branton, Wiley, 94, 95, 97, 99, 105
Brenner, Charles J., 230
Briggs, Harry, Jr., 19, 21, 122
Briggs, Liza, 19
Briggs v. Clarendon County, 19, 21, 27, 31
Brooke, Edward W., 286
Brookover, Wilbur B., 24
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, 197
Brown, Linda, 21, 122
Brown, Minniejean, 112, 113, 117
Brown, Oliver, 21
Brown, R. Jess, 230
Brown, Robert Erving, 94
Brown v. Board of Education, 23, 24, 27, 29–35, 38, 92, 106, 118–119, 122, 148, 164, 183, 197, 208, 209, 273, 287
Brownell, Herbert, 103, 106
Bryant, C. C., 211
Bryant, Carolyn, 42
Bryant, Roy, 42, 44–45, 48, 50, 52, 54
Bunche, Ralph, 279
bus boycotts: Baton Rouge, 60–61;
Montgomery, 57, 61, 62, 70–89, 122, 157, 283
Byrd, Harry, 285
Byrnes, James F., 34
Campbell, Will, 138
Carey, Archibald J., 52
Carey, Gordon, 127, 129
Carmichael, Stokely, 275
Carter, Jimmy, 286
Carter, Robert, 14–15, 20, 23, 24, 32, 35
Castle, Doris, 146
Caston, Billy Jack, 212
Celler, Emanuel, 282–283
Chaney, James, 231, 234–236, 238–240, 241
Chatham, Gerald, 52
Chatmon, Thomas, 165
Chicago Defender, The, 39
Christophe, L. M., 115
Citizens’ Council (Mississippi), 211, 220, 225
, 226, 233
Civil Rights Act (1875), 10
Civil Rights Act (1964), 198, 202, 229, 253, 254, 257, 264
Civil Rights Bill, 226, 256
Clark, James G., Jr., 252–253, 258–261, 264–265, 272, 275, 282, 286
Clark, Kenneth, 20, 21, 23, 32
Cloud, John, 269, 274, 282
Cole, Nat King, 181
Coleman, James P., 209
Coleman, William, 20
Collins, Addie Mae, 202
Collins, LeRoy, 274
Colvin, Claudette/Colvin case, 63, 66 67, 69
Coming of Age in Mississippi, 37, 56
Concerned White Citizens of Alabama, 268
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), 125, 127, 132, 144–145, 238; and civil rights bill, 195; and Freedom Rides, 148; and segregation in transportation, 147; voting registration efforts, 228, 252
Connor, Theophilus Eugene (“Bull”), 137, 148, 151, 179, 181, 182–184, 186, 187, 190, 191, 193–195, 197, 255, 277
Consolidated Parents Group, 16, 17, 31
Cooper, Annie Lee, 260
Cotton, Dorothy, 189
Council of Federated Organizations (COFO), 228, 230, 276
Courts, Gus, 211
Cox, Courtland, 201
Credentials Committee of the Democratic Party, 241, 242, 243
Crenshaw, Jack, 77
Criterion Club, 167
Cruit, George E., 153
Daley, Richard, 41
Dallas County Voters League, 154, 158, 160
Davies, Ronald N., 99, 100, 102, 105
Davis, Dorothy E., 27
Davis, John W., 32
Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, 27, 31
de la Beckwith, Byron, 225
DeLaine, J. A., 19
“deliberate speed” ruling for desegregation, 38, 93, 95, 140
Democratic National Convention, 234, 235, 241, 242, 247
Dennis, Dave, 225, 232, 238, 239–240
Devine, Annie, 235
Dienstfrey, Ted, 129
Diggs, Charles, 48, 49, 51, 52, 262
Dirksen, Everett, 232
Doar, John, 225, 238
doll test, 20, 23
DuBois, W.E.B., 24, 32
Durr, Clifford, 66, 67, 82
Durr, Virginia Foster, 66, 67, 82, 85
Eastland, James O., 38, 215, 257, 286
Eckford, Birdee, 101
Eyes on the Prize Page 38
