43. The gates of Natzweiler-Struthof, the only German concentration camp located on French soil; this was where Diana Rowden was executed. (Karen Bayley-Ewell)
44. The crematorium at Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp. (Ian Macdonald)
45. Fresnes prison, outside of Paris, where Szabo, Rowden and Sansom were held before being transported to other prisons or concentration camps. (Lionel Allorge)
46. A portable wireless. The job of wireless operator was hazardous and physically exhausting. (J. & C. McCutcheon Collection)
47. No. 84 Avenue Foch, the infamous Gestapo counter-intelligence headquarters, where Szabo, Khan, Rowden and Sansom were interrogated. (David Harrison)
48. Execution Alley, Ravensbrück concentration camp, where Violette Szabo was murdered along with Lilian Rolfe and Denise Bloch. (David Harrison)
49. Vichy town hall, the seat of the Vichy government in the Free Zone. (Jean-Louis Zimmermann)
50. Women who collaborated with the Germans in France could expect to have their hair shaved off and a swastika drawn on their forehead. (J. & C. McCutcheon Collection)
51. Mathilde Carré, who acted as a double agent and was found guilty of treason. (Susan Ottaway)
52. Aylesbury prison, where Mathilde Carré was held following her arrest. (Buckinghamshire Historical Society)
53. Dachau memorial plaque for Noor Inayat Khan. (Robyn Walker)
54. Christine Granville, England’s longest-serving female agent of the Second World War. (Special Forces Club)
55. Christine Granville’s grave. Granville was murdered by her stalker, Dennis Muldowney, on 15 June 1952. She is buried at St Mary’s Roman Catholic Cemetery in north-west London. (Iain MacFarlaine)
56. Vercors Plateau, where Christine Granville operated with Francis Cammaerts and a large French Resistance group. (Peter Skynner)
57. SOE memorial in Valençay, which was unveiled in 1991 on the anniversary of the first ‘F’ Section agent being sent to France. (Stewart Glasson)
58. SOE memorial on the Albert Embankment, London. (Roger Davies)
59. FANY memorial, St Paul’s church, Knightsbridge. (David Harrison)
60. The memorial plaque in Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp. (David Harrison)
Notes
Chapter 1: Violette Szabo
1. Ottaway, S., Violette Szabo ‘The Life That I Have…’ (London, 2002), p. 18.
2. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Violette Szabo, ref.: HS9/1435.
3. Wake, N., The White Mouse (Melbourne, 1985), p. 111.
4. Perrin, N., Spirit of Resistance (Barnsley, 2008), p. 69.
5. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Violette Szabo, ref.: HS9/1435.
6. Imperial War Museum, oral history interview with Oliver Brown, 1992.
7. Perrin, N., Spirit of Resistance (Barnsley, 2008), p. 115.
8. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Violette Szabo, ref.: HS9/1435.
9. Ottaway, S., Violette Szabo ‘The Life That I Have’ (London, 2002), p. 108.
10. Perrin, N., Spirit of Resistance (Barnsley, 2008), p. 138.
11. Ibid., p. 138.
12. Ibid., p. 139.
13. Ottaway, S., Violette Szabo ‘The Life That I Have…’ (London, 2002), p. 146.
14. Imperial War Museum, oral history interview with Oliver Brown, 1992.
Chapter 2: Nancy Wake
1. Fitzsimons, P., Nancy Wake (Sydney, 2001), p. 49.
2. Wake, N., The White Mouse (Melbourne, 1985), p. 4.
3. Ibid., p. 71.
4. Fitzsimons, P., Nancy Wake (Sydney, 2001), p. 173.
5. Wake, N., The White Mouse (Melbourne, 1985), p. 104.
6. Fitzsimons, P., Nancy Wake (Sydney, 2001), p. 176.
7. Wake, N., The White Mouse (Melbourne, 1985), p. 106.
8. Ibid., p. 121.
9. Roper, M., ‘The White Mouse: Girl Who Gave the Nazis Hell’ in The Mirror (London, 9 August 2011), p. 24.
10. Wake, N., The White Mouse (Melbourne, 1985), p. 135.
11. Ibid., p. 148.
12. Roper, M., ‘The White Mouse: Girl Who Gave the Nazis Hell’ in The Mirror (London, 9 August 2011), p. 24.
13. Brace, M., ‘Heroine Australia Snubbed Moves to Britain’ in The Evening Standard (London, 10 December 2001), p. 19.
14. Fitzsimons, P., Nancy Wake (Sydney, 2001), p. 297.
Chapter 3: Noor Inayat Khan
1. Fuller, Jean Overton, Noor-un-nisa Inayat Khan (London, 1971), p. 84.
2. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Noor Inayat Khan, ref.: HS9/836/5.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid.
5. Basu, Shrabani, Spy Princess: The Life of Noor Inayat Khan (New York, 2007),
p. 78.
6. Ibid., p. 85.
7. Ibid., p. 89.
8. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Noor Inayat Khan, ref.: HS9/836/5.
9. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Noor Inayat Khan, ref.: HS9/836/5.
10. Buckmaster, Maurice, Specially Employed (London, 1952), p. 31.
11. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Noor Inayat Khan, ref.: HS9/836/5.
12. Fuller, Jean Overton, Noor-un-nisa Inayat Khan (London, 1971), p. 139.
13. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Noor Inayat Khan, ref.: HS9/836/5.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Fuller, Jean Overton, Noor-un-nisa Inayat Khan (London, 1971), p. 208.
18. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Noor Inayat Khan, ref.: HS9/836/5.
19. Ibid.
20. Ibid.
21. Basu, Shrabani, Spy Princess: The Life of Noor Inayat Khan (New York, 2007), p. 175.
22. Fuller, Jean Overton, Noor-un-nisa Inayat Khan (London, 1971), p. 253.
23. Basu, Shrabani, Spy Princess: The Life of Noor Inayat Khan (New York, 2007), p. 175.
Chapter 4: Sonia Butt
1. ‘She Ate With Gestapo – Killed Some? Why, Sure’ in Toronto Star (2 December 1945), p. 3.
2. Stafford, D., Ten Days to D-Day (New York, 2003), p. 107.
3. d’Artois, Sonia (as told to Ann Frommer), ‘I Was A Woman Spy’ in Coronet Magazine (May 1954), p. 162.
4. Ibid., p. 163.
5. Ibid., p. 163.
6. Ibid., p. 164.
7. Hudson, S., Undercover Operator (Barnsley, 2003), p. 67.
8. Champkin, Julian, ‘The Designer Spy’ in The Daily Mail (1 May 2004).
9. d’Artois, Sonia (as told to Ann Frommer), ‘I Was A Woman Spy’ in Coronet Magazine (May 1954), p. 165.
10. Ibid., p. 167.
11. Ibid., p. 167.
12. ‘Sonia Was a Spy’ in Maclean’s Magazine (15 February 1953), p. 46.
13. d’Artois, Sonia (as told to Ann Frommer), ‘I Was A Woman Spy’ in Coronet Magazine (May 1954), p. 162.
14. Ibid., p. 165.
15. ‘Sonia Was a Spy’ in Maclean’s Magazine (15 February 1953), p. 47.
16. Ibid., p. 46.
17. Hudson, S., Undercover Operator (Barnsley, 2003), p. 105.
18. Interview with Nadya d’Artois Murdoch, 9 August 2013.
19. Ibid.
20. ‘The White Mouse That Roared’ in The Sunshine Coast Daily (13 August 2011).
Chapter 5: Diana Rowden
1. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Diana Rowden, ref.: HS9/1287/6.
2. Ibid.
3. Author interview with Robert Maloubier, Paris, 2005.
4. Nicholas, E., Death Be Not Proud (London, 1958), p. 36.
5. Ibid., p. 140.
6. Ibid., p. 156.
7. Churchill, P., The Spirit in the Cage (New York, 1955), p. 103.
8. Kramer, R., Flames in the Field (London, 1995), p. 119.
9. Ibid., p. 121.
10. Nicholas, E., Death Be Not Proud (London, 1958), p. 61.
11. Ibid., p. 61.
12. Ibid., p. 61.
13. Ibid., p. 34.
&nb
sp; Chapter 6: Odette Sansom
1. Imperial War Museum, oral history interview with Odette Hallowes, 1985.
2. Starns, P., Odette: World War Two’s Darling Spy (Stroud, 2009), p. 19.
3. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Odette Sansom, ref.: HS9/648/4.
4. Imperial War Museum, oral history interview with Odette Hallowes, 1985.
5. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Odette Sansom, ref.: HS9/648/4.
6. Imperial War Museum, oral history interview with Oliver Brown, 1992.
7. Imperial War Museum, oral history interview with Odette Hallowes, 1985.
8. Imperial War Museum, oral history interview with Odette Hallowes, 1985.
9. Imperial War Museum, oral history interview with Odette Hallowes, 1985.
10. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Odette Sansom, ref.: HS9/648/4.
11. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Odette Sansom, ref.: HS9/648/4.
12. Imperial War Museum, oral history interview with Odette Hallowes, 1985.
13. The Sunday Herald (Sydney, NSW), 7 October 1951. http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/18491083
Chapter 7: Mathilde Carré
1. Carré, M., I Was ‘The Cat’ (London, 1960), p. 16.
2. Ibid., p. 16.
3. Ibid., p. 17.
4. Ibid., p. 79.
5. Ibid., p. 86.
6. Young, G., The Cat with Two Faces (New York, 1957), p. 222.
7. Carré, M., I Was ‘The Cat’ (London, 1960), p. 115.
8. The National Archive: Mathilde Lucie Carré, alias Victoire, La Chatte, ref.: KV 2/927.
9. Ibid.
10. Young, G., The Cat with Two Faces (New York, 1957), p. 179.
Chapter 8: Christine Granville
1. Mulley, C., The Spy Who Loved (New York, 2012), p. 22.
2. Ibid., p. 25.
3. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Christine Granville, ref.: HS9/612.
4. Imperial War Museum, oral history interview with Brooks Richards, 1987.
5. Mulley, C., The Spy Who Loved (New York, 2012), p. 204.
6. The National Archive: SOE personnel files: Christine Granville, ref.: HS9/612.
7. Mulley, C., The Spy Who Loved (New York, 2012), p. 331.
8. Ibid., p. 320.
Bibliography
Atwood, Kathryn, Women Heroes of World War II (Chicago: 2011)
Basu, Shrabani, Spy Princess: The Life of Noor Inayat Khan (New York: 2007)
Binney, Marcus, The Women Who Lived For Danger (New York: 2002)
Brace, M., ‘Heroine Australia Snubbed Moves to Britain’ in The Evening Standard (London: 10 December 2001)
Braddon, Russell, Nancy Wake (London: 1956)
Buckmaster, Maurice, Specially Employed: The Story of British Aid to French Patriots of the Resistance (London: 1958)
Carré, Mathilde, I Was ‘The Cat’ (London: 1960)
Champkin, Julian, ‘The Designer Spy’ in The Daily Mail (1 May 2004)
Churchill, Peter, Duel of Wits (London: 1953)
Churchill, Peter, The Spirit in the Cage (New York: 1955)
Cookridge, E. H., They Came from the Sky (London: 1966)
Cunningham, Cyril, Beaulieu: The Finishing School for Secret Agents (London: 1998)
d’Artois, Sonia (as told to Anne Frommer), ‘I Was a Woman Spy’ in Coronet Magazine (May 1954)
Fitzsimons, Peter, Nancy Wake (Sydney: 2001)
Foot, M. R. D., SOE in France: An Account of the Work of the British Special Operations
Executive in France 1940–1944 (London: 2004)
Fuller, Jean Overton, Madeleine: The Story of Noor Inayat Khan (London: 1952)
Fuller, Jean Overton, The German Penetration of SOE (London: 1975)
Helm, Sarah, A Life in Secrets: The Story of Vera Atkins and the Lost Agents of SOE (London: 2005)
Howarth, Patrick, Undercover: The Men and Women of the SOE (London: 2000)
Hudson, Sydney, Undercover Operator: An SOE Agent’s Experiences in France and the Far East (Barnsley: 2003)
Kramer, Rita, Flames in the Field (London: 1995)
MacLaren, Roy, Canadians Behind Enemy Lines 1939–1945 (Vancouver: 1981)
Marks, Leo, Between Silk and Cyanide (London: 1998)
Marshall, Bruce, The White Rabbit (London: 1952)
Masson, Madeleine, Christine: A Search for Christine Granville (London: 1975)
Miller, Russell, Behind the Lines: The Oral History of Special Operations in World War II (New York: 2002)
Minney, R. J., Carve Her Name with Pride (London: 1956)
Mulley, Clare, The Spy Who Loved: The Secrets and Lives of Christine Granville (New York: 2012)
Nicholas, Elizabeth, Death Be Not Proud (London: 1958)
Ottaway, Susan, Sisters, Secrets and Sacrifice (London: 2013)
Ottaway, Susan, Violette Szabo ‘The Life That I Have…’ (London: 2002)
Paine, Lauran, Mathilde Carré: Double Agent (London: 1976)
Perrin, Nigel, The Spirit of Resistance (Barnsley: 2008)
Polmar, Norman and Thomas Allen, Spy Book: The Encyclopedia of Espionage (New York: 1998)
Porter, Mackenzie, ‘Sonia Was a Spy’ in MacLean’s Magazine (15 February 1953)
Roper, M., ‘The White Mouse: Girl Who Gave the Nazis Hell’ in The Mirror (London, 9 August 2011)
‘She Ate With Gestapo-Killed Some? Why, Sure’ in The Toronto Star (2 December 1945)
Stafford, David, Ten Days to D-Day (New York: 2001)
Starns, Penny, Odette: World War Two’s Darling Spy (Stroud: 2009)
Stevenson, William, A Man Called Intrepid (New York: 1976)
‘The White Mouse That Roared’ in The Sunshine Coast Daily (13 August 2011)
Tickell, Jerrad, Odette (London: 1949)
Wake, Nancy, The White Mouse (Melbourne: 1985)
Wynne, Barry, No Drums … No Trumpets: The Story of Mary Lindell (London: 1961)
Websites
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/soe_01.shtml
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwtwo/soe_training_01.shtm
http://www.our-secret-war.org/Introduction.html
http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/18491083
Interviews
Martyn Cox, oral historian (July 2013)
Nadya Murdoch, daughter of Sonia Butt d’Artois (August 2013)
Robert Maloubier, SOE agent, colleague and friend of Violette Szabo and Diana Rowden (August 2005)
Public Archives
The National Archives, Kew:
HS 9/183 Personnel file of Christine Granville
HS 9/648/4 Personnel file of Odette Sansom
HS 9/836/5 Personnel file of Noor Inayat Khan
HS 9/1287/6 Personnel file of Diana Rowden
HS 9/1435 Personnel file of Violette Szabo
KV 2/927 Mathilde Lucie Carré, alias Victoire, La Chatte
The Imperial War Museum, London Sound Archive:
4843, George Abbott
9331, Selwyn Jepsom
9452, Maurice Buckmaster
9478, Odette Sansom Hallowes
9551, Vera Atkins
9697, Robin Brook
9827, Patrick Howarth
9970, Sir Francis Brooks Richards
11087, Gwendolyn Lees
12423, Oliver Brown
Women who Spied for Britain Page 18
