one-party system in, 1;
population of, 1, 2;
postwar elections in, 1, 2, 3;
princely rebellions of 1866 in, 1, 2;
puritanical regime of, 1, 2;
race and caste in, 1;
rebel base camps in, 1, 2;
reform movement in, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11;
royal exiles from, 1;
sanctions against, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7;
Saya San rebellion in, 1, 2, 3;
tourism and, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
trade routes through, xiii, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
travel between India and, 1, 2, 3;
Upper, see Upper Burma;
weather in, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11;
xenophobia of, 1, 2, 3
Burma Air Force, 1, 2
Burma Army, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23;
elections of 1990 and, 1;
mutinies among, 1;
officer corps of, 1;
second military coup by, 1, 2
Burma-Cambridge University Club, 1, 2
Burma Communist Party, 1
Burma Education Reorganization Committee, 1, 2
Burma Field Force, British, 1, 2
Burmah Oil Company, 1
Burma Independence Army (BIA), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Burma Road, 1, 2, 3, 4
Burma Socialist Party, 1
Burma Socialist Program Party, 1, 2;
Central Committee of, 1
Burmese, ethnic, 1, 2, 3, 4
Burmese language, 1, 2n, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17
“Burmese Way to Socialism, The,” 1, 2, 3, 4
Burney, Sir Henry, 1
Butler, Sir Harcourt Spencer, 1, 2
Buzurg Umid Khan, 1
Byroade, Henry, 1, 2
Cachar, 1, 2;
Burmese invasion of, 1, 2, 3
Calcutta, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27
Calogreedy, Mattie, 1
Cambodia, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9n, 10
Cambridge Burmese Students Association, 1
Cambridge University, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
Burmese students in, 1
Campbell, Sir Archibald, 1, 2, 3, 4
Canada, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Cassay Horse, 1, 2, 3
Castro, Fidel, 1
Cavagnari, Sir Louis, 1
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 1, 2, 3
Cetshwayo, King, 1
Ceylon, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18
Chandrakanta Singh, 1
Chao Phraya Valley, 1, 2
Chaovalit Yongchaiyudh, 1
Chennault, Claire, 1, 2
Chettyar moneylenders, 1, 2, 3
Chiang Kai-shek, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Chiangmai, 1, 2, 3
China, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16;
border with, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9;
British in, 1, 2;
Burma invaded by, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17;
Burmese Communists allied with, 1, 2, 3;
civil war in, 1, 2;
Han, 1, 2, 3;
hydrogen bomb of, 1;
Japanese invasion of, 1;
military technology of, 1, 2;
Ming, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
Nationalist, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9;
Panthay Rebellion put down by, 1;
People’s Republic of, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
population increase in, 1;
Qing, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
refugees from, 1;
republican revolution of 1911 in, 1;
Sung dynasty of, 1, 2;
Taiping Rebellion in, 1;
trade with, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
in World War II, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Chindwin River, 1, 2, 3
Chinese, 1, 2;
Burmese ethnic, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Chinese Eighth Army, 1
Chinese Green Standard armies, 1
Chinese language, 1
Chins, 1, 2
Chit Hlaing, 1
Chittagong, 1, 2, 3, 4
Chou En-lai, 1
Christianity, 1, 2, 3;
in Japan, 1;
Kachins and, 1, 2, 3;
Karens and, 1, 2, 3, 4
Chulalongkorn, king of Siam, 1
Chungking, 1, 2
Churchill, Lord Randolph, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Churchill, Winston, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Civil War, U.S., 1, 2, 3
Clift, Tommy, 1, 2
Clive, Robert, 1, 2
Cochin, 1
Colas, 1, 2
cold war, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Collins, Michael, 1, 2
colonialism, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
Colquhoun, Archibald, 1
Columbus, Christopher, 1, 2
Commanding Officers’ Conference, 1
communalism, 1, 2, 3
Communist Manifesto (Marx and Engels), 1
Communist Party of Burma, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Communists, communism, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
Burma-China alliance among, 1, 2, 3;
in Burmese independence movement, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9;
insurgencies among Burmese, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12;
U.S. opposition to, 1, 2, 3;
see also Communist Party of Burma; Red Flag Communists
Conservative party, British, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
cotton, 1, 2, 3
Council of State, Burmese, 1, 2, 3
Court of Ava, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39
Craddock, Sir Charles, 1
Cripps, Sir Stafford, 1, 2, 3
Crosthwaite, Sir Charles Haukes Todd, 1, 2
Cuban missile crisis, 1, 2
Cultural Revolution, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
currency: change in, 1;
demonetization of, 1;
foreign exchange policies and, 1, 2, 3
Curtin, John, 1
Curzon, Sir George Nathaniel, 1, 2
Czechoslovakia, Soviet invasion of, 1
Dabessway, 1, 2, 3
Dacca, 1, 2, 3
dacoits, 1, 2, 3
Dalhousie, Lord, 1
Dali, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Danubyu, 1, 2, 3, 4
Dasaraja, king of Arakan, 1
Daulat Qazi, 1
Dautremer, Joseph, 1
Davies, Mike, 1
Defence of Burma Act of 1941, 1
Defense Academy, Burmese, 1
Defense Department, Burmese, 1
Defense Services Institute, 1
Delhi, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
democracy, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13;
Ne Win’s endorsement of, 1, 2;
social, 1
Deng Xiaoping, 1, 2
Denmark, 1
Dorman-Smith, Sir Reginald, 1, 2, 3, 4
Driberg, Tom, 1
Dufferin, Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, earl of, 1, 2, 3, 4
Dufferin, Lady Harriot, 1
Dupleix, Joseph François, 1, 2
Dutch East India Company (Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie), 1
Dutch East Indies, 1
Du Wenxiu, 1, 2
Du Yuesheng, 1
Dwarawaddy, prince of, 1, 2
Dyer, Reginald, 1
Dzungars, 1, 2
Eagan, William, 1
Earhart, Amelia, 1
East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, 1, 2
education, 1, 2, 3, 4;
in Anglovernacular schools, 1;
foreign, 1, 2, 3;
in government schools, 1, 2, 3;
mission schools, 1, 2;
monastic, 1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
in national schools, 1, 2, 3;
in post-independence era, 1;
of Shan leaders, 1, 2
Edward VII, king of England, 1, 2
Edward VIII, king of England, 1
Egypt, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 1, 2
elephants, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9;
war, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
white, 1, 2, 3, 4
Elgar, Sir Edward, 1
Emmanuel, king of Portugal, 1
England, see Great Britain
Europe, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
growing authoritarianism in, 1;
Western, 1, 2, 3, 4;
World War II in, 1, 2
European Union, 1
Executive Council, Burmese, 1
Facieu, Joseph Henri de, 1
Fan Chuo, 2
Fascists, fascism, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
feringhi villages, 1, 2
Ferry, Jules, 1, 2
Fifth Bengal Infantry, 1
Fifth Great Buddhist Synod, 1
Fitch, Ralph, 1
Five Star Shipping Line, 1
Flying Tigers, 1
foreign aid, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Fort Dufferin, 1, 2, 3
Fort St. George, 1, 2, 3
Fort Wayne, Ind., 1
Fourth Burma Rifles, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
France, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
Burmese alliance with, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
colonial ambitions in Burma by, 1;
England’s war against, 1, 2;
as imperial power, 1, 2;
mercenaries from, 1, 2
Franco, Francisco, 1, 2
Franco-Prussian War, 1
Frederick the Great, emperor of Prussia, 1
Freedom Bloc, 1
French Indochina, 1, 2
Fuheng, 1
Fujian Province, 1, 2
Furnivall, John Sydenham, 1, 2
Gabriel, Solomon, 1
Gammans, Leonard, 1
Gandhi, Mohandas K., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Genghis Khan, 1, 2, 3, 4
gentry class, Burmese, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
George II, king of England, Alaungpaya’s letter to, 1, 2, 3
George V, king of England, 1, 2, 3
Germany, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14;
as imperial power, 1, 2
Ghana, 1
Gielgud, John, 1
Gladstone, William E., 1, 2, 3
Glasgow, 1, 2, 3, 4
Glass Palace, 1, 2
Glass Palace Chronicle, The, 1, 2, 3
Goa, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
God’s Army, 1
Gordon, Charles “Chinese,” 1
Goshal, H. N., 1
Government House, 1, 2, 3, 4
Government of India and Burma Act of 1935, 1
Great Britain, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
Burma occupied by, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44;
Burmese distrust of, 1, 2, 3;
Burmese students discriminated against in, 1;
elections of 1885 in, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
elections of 1945 in, 1;
foreign aid to Burma from, 1;
France’s war against, 1;
imperialism of, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
in India, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26;
Kinwun Mingyi’s embassy to, 1;
military technology of, 1, 2;
Ne Win’s army assisted by, 1;
pretext for Burmese invasion by, 1, 2;
racial theory and, 1;
Victorian, 1, 2, 3, 4;
Washington attacked by, 1;
White Paper on Burma by, 1, 2;
in World War II, 1, 2, 3, 4;
see also United Kingdom
Great Depression, 1, 2, 3, 4
Great Mutiny of 1857, 1, 2, 3, 4
Greeks, Greece, 1, 2, 3
Guardian, 1
guerrilla warfare, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Gui, prince of, 1
Gurkhas, 1, 2, 3, 4
Haas, M. Frédéric, 1
Hainan, 1, 2, 3, 4
Hall, H. Fielding, 1
Hammarskjöld, Dag, 1, 2
Hanoi, 1
Harbin, 1
Harūn ar-Rashīd, 1
Henzada, 1, 2, 3
Himalayas, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Hinduism, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Hirohito, emperor of Japan, 1, 2
Hiroshima, 1
Hitler, Adolf, 1, 2, 3, 4
HIV/AIDS, 1, 2, 3
Hkun Hkio, Sao, 1
Ho Chi Minh, 1, 2
Hoff, Hans, 1
Hong Kong, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
constitution of, 1
Hong Xiuquan, 1
Hood, Thomas, 1
Hoover, Herbert, 1
House of Representatives, Burmese, 1
Hsam Htun, Sao, 1
Hsenwi, 1, 2, 3
Hsipaw, 1, 2
Hteiktin Taw Hpaya, prince, 1, 2
Htoo, Johnny, 1
Htoo, Luther, 1
Human Rights Watch, 1
Huxley, Aldous, 1
Hyderabad, 1
Hyder Ali, 1
Ibrahim, Hafiz Mohammed, 1
Iida, Shojiro, 1
Imphal, 1, 2, 3
India, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33;
aid to Burma from, 1;
British in, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26;
Buddhism in, 1, 2;
Burma’s formal separation from, 1, 2;
and Burmese nationalists, 1;
Burmese royals exiled in, 1, 2;
Burmese trade with, 1;
constitution of, 1, 2, 3;
exiles in Burma from, 1;
French, 1, 2;
home rule for, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
independence for, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10;
Mauryans in, 1, 2;
Montagu-Chelmsford reforms in, 1;
Mughal rulers of, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
North, 1, 2;
partition of, 1, 2, 3, 4;
South, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
Thibaw in, 1;
travel between Burma and, 1, 2, 3;
in World War II, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
India Act of 1919, 1
India Act of 1935, 1
Indian Army, 1, 2, 3, 4
Indian Civil Service, 1, 2, 3
Indian National Congress, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Indian Ocean, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Indians, in Burma, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
ethnic conflict with, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
expulsion of, 1, 2, 3, 4;
in World War II, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Indonesia, 1, 2n, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Indo-Pakistani War, 1
Inner Mongolia, 1
Iran, 1
Iraq, 1, 2
Ireland, 1, 2, 3;
home rule for, 1, 2;
independence for, 1, 2;
republicanism in, 1, 2
Irish Free State, 1
Irish Republican Army, 1, 2
Irrawaddy Delta, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18
Irrawaddy Flotilla Company, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Irrawaddy River, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30;
boatmen of, 1, 2, 3
Irrawaddy Valley, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23;
age of civilization in, 1
irrigation, 1, 2
Isfahan, 1, 2
Islam, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30n;
invasion of India by, 1, 2;
Shiite, 1, 2;
Sufi, 1;
Sunni, 1
Ismail, shah of Persia, 1
Israel, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Italy, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Jaintia, 1, 2, 3
Jakarta, 1, 2
Japan, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9;
Burma attacked and occupied by, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12;
Burmese nationalists in collaboration with, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8;
China invaded by, 1, 2;
Christians in, 1;
in French Indochina, 1;
imperial ambitions of, 1, 2, 3;
Russian war with, 1;
in World War II, 1, 2, 3, 4
Java, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Jehan, Shah, 1
Jews, 1, 2, 3
Jigme Wangchuk, king of Bhutan, 1
Jinnah, Mohammed Ali, 1
Johnson, Lyndon Baines, 1, 2, 3
Johnson, Samuel, 1
Jones, Edmund, 1
Jones, Sir William, 1
Joseph Augustus Maung Gyi, Sir, 1
Juárez, Benito, 1
Judson, Adoniram, 1, 2
Kachin hills, 1, 2, 3
Kachin Independence Army, 1, 2, 3
Kachin Independence Organization (KIO), 1, 2
Kachins, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6;
as Christians, 1, 2, 3;
insurgencies by, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7;
loyalty to Raj of, 1, 2, 3;
military service by, 1, 2
Kaman, 1
Kamarupa, 1
Kamayut, 1
Kanaung, prince of, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Kang Sheng, 1
Karachi, 1
Karen National Defense Organization (KNDO), 1, 2, 3
Karen National Union, 1, 2, 3
Karenni chiefs, 1
Karens, 1, 2, 3;
BIA fighting with, 1;
British and, 1;
as Christians, 1, 2, 3, 4;
ethnic conflict
with, 1, 2;
on Executive Council, 1;
insurgencies by, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12;
massacres of, 1;
military service by, 1, 2, 3, 4;
nationalism of, 1, 2, 3
Kashmir, 1, 2, 3
Katha, 1, 2
Kathalguri, battle of, 1
Kazakhstan, 1
Kengtung, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Kenya, 1
Khin Kyi, 1, 2
Khin Maung Gyi, 1
Khin Nyunt, 1, 2, 3, 4
Khmer Rouge, 1, 2
Khrushchev, Nikita, 1, 2
Khun Sa, 1, 2
Khyber Pass, 1, 2, 3
Kiesinger, Kurt, 1
King and I, The, 1, 2
Kinwun Mingyi, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7;
modernization and,
Kinwun Mingyi (cont.) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
Thibaw as candidate of, 1, 2
Kipling, Rudyard, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
KNDO, see Karen National Defense Organization
Kodaw Hmaing, Thakin, 1
Kohima, 1, 2, 3
Kokang, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Kokang Revolutionary Force, 1
Konbaung throne, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
The River of Lost Footsteps: A Personal History of Burma Page 47
