Marshall, George, 107, 129
Marshall Plan, 277
Martins, Carlos, 59, 60
Mexico, 107, 171–172
Military forces
acceptance of arms situation, 92–93
Allied war effort, reluctance to join, 151, 169
anger of over Siqueira Campos deal, 81, 84
Argentina, comparison to, 197–198
blame of Aranha for break with Axis powers, 135
Brazilian air force, training of, 230
conflict with press, 90
criticism of by Góes Monteiro, 177
demand for Vargas’ resignation, 279–280, 281
desire to buy German arms, 70–71, 111
influence of, 276, 290
perceived threat of Argentine invasion, 176
political attacks on Aranha, 150
pro-Nazi orientation of, 4, 7, 41, 71, 105
support for democratic government by, 241–242
unpreparedness of, 40, 117–118, 120, 146
Miller, Lehman W., 70, 111–112
Minas Gerais, xii
Minas Gerais (ship), 52, 53, 55, 56, 59
Ministry of economic warfare, 66, 67, 68, 77, 93
Miranda, Carmen, 201
Monte Castello, Battle of, 232
Monteiro, Pedro Aurélio de Góes
as ambassador to Emergency Advisory Committee for Political Defense of the Americas, 240
Argentine threat, comments on, 198
on arms deal with US, 111
arms issue, anger over, 87
attacks on British in press, 89
criticism of military by, 177
decision to depose Vargas, 265
democratic reform, support for, 241–242
Dutra, relationship with, 177, 215
entering war, view of, 167, 183
expeditionary force, criticism of, 215
on military unpreparedness, 120
with Nelson Rockefeller and Sumner Welles, Photo 6
news articles, anger at, 57, 90, 92
pro-Axis leanings of, 41
refusal to run for president, 263
resignation of, 215
ship attacks, assignment of blame for, 167
on Siqueira Campos, release of, 76, 78–80
US and Britain, distrust of, 71, 73
on US request to deploy troops, 108
Vargas’ speech, reaction to, 58
Washington, visit to, 70–73
Morais, João Baptista Mascarenhas de, 214, 230, 256, Photo 15
Müller, Filinto, 105, 152–153, 160
Museum of Modern Art (MOMA), 201
Mussolini, Benito, 51, 56, 209
Naples, Italy, 230
Natal, Brazil, 109, 176, 178, 184
Nattier, Frank, 99
Naval blockades, 64–66
Naval ministry, capture of, 15
Navy Day speech
content of, 53–55
international reaction to, 55–57
Vargas’ apology to President Roosevelt, 59–60
Nazi party
election of in Germany, 3–4
influence of in Brazil, 45
parade in Rio Grande do Sul, Photo 8
prohibition of in Brazil, 46
Netherlands, 51
New York Herald Tribune, on Navy Day speech, 57
New York Times
on Navy Day speech, 57
on political reform in Brazil, 225–226
on Roosevelt’s visit to Natal, 191
New Yorker, on Nelson Rockefeller, 138
Newspapers, 89–91, 100, 166
Newsprint, shortage of, 147
Noel, Charles, 150
North African campaign, 185, 190, 209
Norway, 51
O Cruzeiro do Sul (newspaper), on conquest of Monte Castello, 256
Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 96
Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, 100, 139, 200–201
Operation Pot of Gold, 106
Operation Torch, 176, 177–178
Pan American Airways, 95
Paraguay, 110
Paris, France, liberation of, 235
Paulistas, xii
Pearl Harbor, attack on by Japan, 115
Peixoto, Alzira Vargas do Amaral
description of, 11
as father’s advisor, 26, 247, 264, 284
as father’s aide, 58, 62, 108, 116, 126, 132, 135, 210, 277
as guardian of father’s legacy, 291
with her father, Photo 3
on Jewish refugees, 158
Nelson Rockefeller, regard for, 174
as “right eye of Vargas,” 21, 210
role of during attack on palace, 12, 14–20
samba with Douglas Fairbanks Jr., 202
as translator, 103, 121, 137
at Vargas’ final cabinet meeting, 281–282
on Vargas’ message to Hitler, 106
Peixoto, Ernâni do Amaral, 90, 152, 247, 281
Perón, Juan, 253
Petrópolis, 84–85
Poland, invasion of, xiii, 39, 41–42, 51
Police chief, attack on residence of, 15
Portaria 4941 (1941), granting permanent visas during wartime, 156
Portugal
grant of Allied access to bases in Azores, 217–218
persistence in selling wolfram to Germany, 218
Praça Onze, 142
Presidential election of 1930, xii
Presidential election of 1945, 269–270
Presidential election of 1950, 273
Presidential elections, controversy over, 262, 268
Presidential guard
creation of, 20–21, 261, 279
disbanding of, 280
Press freedom, 89, 153, 206, 248
Prestes, Júlio, xii
Preston, Hart, 103
Proclaimed list, 219–220
Profiteering, 223–224, 243, 271
Propaganda, 99–101, 104, 152
Queremistas, 262–263, 264
Radio, importance of, 44–45
Radio stations, seizure of, 15
Refugees, 156–159, 194
Reis, Ernâni, 155
“Revolution of the cowards,” 14–20, 24
Rio de Janeiro
blackouts in, 180–182
as center of Brazilian power, ix
as Cidade Maravilhosa, ix
cost of living increases in, 193–194, 223, 243
description of, ix, 37–38
in 1930s, x–xi
summer in, 82–84
Rio Grande do Sul, xii, 46–48, 261, Photo 8
Rio Negro Palace, 84, 248, 253
Ritter, Karl, 45–46
RKO Pictures, 139
Rockefeller, Nelson
ad campaign, 99–100
as assistant secretary of state for American regional affairs, 252–253
Caffery, relationship with, 103, 104
as coordinator of inter-American affairs, 95–100, 102, 104, 174–175, 200–201
cultural program of, 201
Donovan, relationship with, 97
goals of, 97, 138
popularity of, 137, 138–139, 174
report on Brazil’s impact on war, 175
rubber workers, improvement of condition for, 202–203
with Sumner Welles and Góes Monteiro, Photo 6
at Vargas’ 1950 inauguration, 273
Welles, relationship with, 96, 97, 100
Rockefeller Foundation, 203
Rogers, Ginger, xi
Rome, liberation of by Allies, 227
Roosevelt, Franklin D.
on arms shipments, increase in, 124–126, 189
on Azores, defense of, 109–110, 188–189
Brazil, policy toward, 33
Brazilian steel mill project and, 62
Charlottesville speech, 59
“Day of Infamy” speech, 118
death of, 254
Getúlinho, offer of medical assistance for, 190
Good Neighbor Program, 1–2, 4
inaugural speech, 1
interpersonal conflicts, handling of, 96–97, 128
meeting with Vargas in Natal, 185–190
Orson Welles, request of to make Brazil film, 140
Rubber Month, letter to Vargas about, 204
on US troop deployment in Brazil, 108–109
on USS Humboldt, Photo 11
Vargas, relationship with, 98–99
visit to Brazil in 1933, 5–6
Rubber industry
film about, 202
Rubber Month, 203–205
synthetic rubber and, 205–206
wartime importance of, 203–205
working conditions in, 203, 206
Salazar, António de Oliveira, 187–188, 217, 219
Salgado, Plínio, 32
Salgado Filho, Joaquim Pedro, 93
Samba music, 141
São Paulo, Brazil, xii, 105, 154, 184, 250, 262
Secret Intelligence Service (SIS or MI6), 65
Semana da Pátria, 48
Shipping
German attacks on, 144, 146, 151, 160, 165–166
public reaction to attacks on, 166, 168
retaliation for attacks on, 168
suspension of by Brazil, 146
Siqueira Campos crisis
Aranha’s strategy for, 74
British assets, threatened seizure of, 76, 80
British blockade of Lisbon, 65–66
British compromise offer, 78–79
British view of, 76
impoundment of Siqueira Campos, 67
release of Siqueira Campos, 80–81
United States participation in, 66–67, 74–75, 77, 79, 80
Society of Friends of America, 237
Soviet Union
comparison to Brazil, 226
entry into war, 106
Kiev, liberation of by, 209
liberation of Poland by, 246
Stalin, Joseph, 222
Steel mill, at Volta Redonda, 63, 86, 275, 290
Stettinius, Edward Jr., 253–254
Time magazine, on rubber industry, 205–206
Tiradentes Palace, 122, 273
Transport situation, 271
Tribuna da Imprensa (newspaper), criticism of Vargas in, 278
Truman, Harry, 269
U-507, 165
U-Boats, 146, 148, 151, 159, 165, 176, 184, 187, 229
Unconditional surrender, doctrine of, 185
United Nations, xiv, 185, 186–187, 196, 222
United States
arms, sale of to Brazil, 93, 129
Brazil, relationship with, 112, 118–119, 137, 199–200, 220–221, 251, 277–278
Brazil, strategic importance of, 98, 217–218
Brazil-Argentina rivalry, assessment of, 197–199
Brazilian elections, expectations for, 268
Brazilian expeditionary force and, 212, 214
concern about Dutra and Góes Monteiro, 175–176
coup, reaction to, 269
disappointment in Brazilian troops, 231
distrust of Goés Monteiro, 71–72
Dutra, unfavorable perception of by, 215
focus on spread of communism, 277
Germany, invasion of by, 246
Gomes, opinion of, 249
Good Neighbor Program, 1–2, 4, 62
Latin American distrust of, 2, 6, 71, 91, 178
Navy Day speech, reaction to, 55–59
predictions of future Brazilian demands, 172–173
proclaimed list, 219–220
Siqueira Campos crisis, participation in, 66–67, 74–75, 77, 79, 80
steel mill, loan for construction of, 61
troop deployment in Brazil, 119, 137
United States Steel Corporation, 60, 61
Uprising of May 11, 1938, 14–20, 22
US bases in Brazil, fate of, 251
Vargas, Alzira. See Peixoto, Alzira Vargas do Amaral
Vargas, Benjamin
appointment as chief of police, 264
assessment of by US and Britain, 237
Góes Monteiro, inflammatory comments to, 264
at Guanabara Palace attack, 15
influence of, 277
informing Vargas of deposition, 284–285
presidential guard, establishment of, 18, 20–21
presidential guard, head of, 279
Queremistas, recruitment of, 263
resignation of Aranha and, 240
rumors of profiteering by, 243
summons by air force investigators, 284
unreliability of, 247
Vargas, Darci Lima Sarmanho, 26, 84, 87, 192, 238
Vargas, Getúlio Dornelles, pre-war period
on acquiring German arms, 87–88
Allies, alliance with, xiv
with Alzira, Photo 3
Aranha, friendship with, 30
attempted coup against, 14–20, 32
automobile accident, 149–150
Azores, on defense of, 110
daily routine of, 13, 116
deployment of US troops, agreement to, 137
description of, xi–xii
dictator, establishment as, xiii, 7
Dutra-Aranha cabinet crisis, 25–26
Dutra’s resignation, refusal of, 92
economic strategy of, xiv, 12, 41, 43, 49, 106
five-year plan, 60, 63–64
at foreign ministers conference, 123
goals of, xiii–xiv, 12, 13
golf, enjoyment of, 27, 115
as governor of Rio Grande do Sul, xii
Hitler, distrust of, 46
Jewish refugees, lack of interest in, 157, 160
minister of aviation, appointment of, 93–94
movies, enjoyment of, 103
Navy Day speech, 52–55, 59–60
neutrality, cabinet meeting on, 44
personality, 12, 27, 29–30
political enemies of, 17
rise to power, xii–xiii
Roosevelt, apology to for Navy Day speech, 59–60
Roosevelt, radio message to, 106
Roosevelt, relationship with, 6, 98–99
ship attacks, balcony speech on, 168
steel mill negotiations, 60–63
student rally dispute, intervention in, 153
trip to Paraguay, 110
United States, suspicions of influence of, 86
US, wartime support for, 120–121
US navy, opening of ports and airfields to, 147
war, reluctance to enter, 121
Vargas, Getúlio Dornelles, World War II period
aboard USS General Mann, Photo 12
arms, request for from US, 187
on cost of living, 216
criticism of, 223
Dutra and Góes Monteiro, relationship with, 177
expeditionary force, conditional approval of, 184
on foreign policy, 239–240
Getúlinho, death of, 191
indecisiveness of, 246–247
military, speech to (1942), 182
on military cooperation with US, 190
on national unity and internal stability, 216
on participation in war, 212–213
political reform, promises of, 217, 224–225
public elections, cabinet meeting on, 248–249
Roosevelt, meeting with in Natal, 185–190
Roosevelt, relationship with, 190
Roosevelt, newspaper tribute to, 254
untrustworthy associates of, 243–244, 247
war, commitment of Brazilian soldiers to, 183
war, declaration of by, 169–170
war, estimate of length of, 191
war, positive aspects of, 221
Vargas, Getúlio Dornelles, postwar period
1950 inauguration speech, 273
accomplishments of, xv, 274–275, 290
Benjami
n, as chief of police, 264
cabinet meeting about future of his presidency, 281–282
constituent assembly, endorsement of, 264
departure from Rio, 267
Dutra, endorsement of for president, 270
Dutra, withdrawal of support from, 263
elections, promises regarding, 262, 265
failing health of, 276–277, 279
funeral procession of, Photo 16
last message of, 285–287
leadership style, change in, 276
legacy of, 288
mismanagement of war by, 275, 290
paradox of, 287
presidency, return to, 273
public reaction to death of, 287
refusal to resign, 280–281
resignationdeposition of, 261, 266
senate, election to, 270
suicide of, 285
Vargas, Lutero, 230, 278, 285
Vargas, Manuel, 279
Vargas Filho, Getúlio (Getúlinho), 87, 183, 184, 190, 191, 210
Vaz, Rubens, 278–279
Volta Redonda (city), 63
Volta Redonda steel mill, 63, 275, 290
Walsh, Robert L., 176, 193, 199, 200
Washington Accords (1942), 137
Washington Post, on political reform in Brazil, 226
Welles, Orson
Aranha, friendship with, 28–29, 142, Photo 13
on Copacabana Beach, Photo 7
as diplomat/politician/statesman, 144
film, shooting of in Rio, 139–142
joint radio address with Aranha, 28, 143–144
personality of, 140
popularity of, 145–146
President’s Day broadcast by, 145
Welles, Sumner
on arms shipments, importance of to Brazil, 123–124
final days in Rio, 133–134
Good Neighbor Program and, 4, 227
Hull, rivalry with, 96
Navy Day speech, interpretation of, 57, 59
with Nelson Rockefeller and Gen. Góes Monteiro, Photo 6
on political reform in Brazil, 226
popularity of in Rio, 227
Rockefeller, relationship with, 96, 97, 100
Siqueira Campos crisis and, 74
steel mill negotiations and, 61–62
Whitney, John Hay (Jock), 102–103, 140
Wilhelm II, Emperor, 107
Willingdon, Marquess of, 75
Wolfram, 202, 218
World War II
countries that benefited from, xiv
See also Axis powers; Força Expedicionária Brasileira; Germany; U-Boats; Vargas, Getúlio Dornelles, World War II period
Writers’ conference, 247
Xenophobia, 154, 194
Zweig, Stefan, xi, 38, 85, 155, 156, Photo 9
Aranha, Osvaldo (continued)
Military forces (continued)
Rockefeller, Nelson (continued)
Vargas, Getúlio Dornelles, pre-war period (continued)
Brazil : The Fortunes of War (9780465080700) Page 42
