Magnon had not disappeared, their physical attributes defined by their height and their archaic facial features are still previlent within these later population populations.
Cro-Magnon in the Boreal and Atlantic Periods 6800-2250 B.C.
In the post ice-age world there is the extinction of the giant sized herbivores, the mammoth, the
wooly rhinoceros, horse, bison and saiga antelope. This extinction of many arctic animals was the
result of global warming after the last glaciation. “The investigations of V.N. Suskachev, of the
Carnegie Institution of Washington in 1928, found the turfs of the Karsky tundra (between the River
Stchuchya and the Kara Sea) were the remains of firs, pines, larches, birches and alders there, where
now the treeless tundra extends, and he suggest that formerly it was much warmer at that latitude.”
With the milder climate and the increased numbers of animals in the forest, the Reindeer Hunters no
longer needed to follow the migrating herds. They turned to fishing as an alternative food source and
lived in the forested plain that stretched across northern Europe. They lived in small groups along small
streams and glacial lakes. In addition to fishing and the collection of shell-fish, they hunted small game
animals, the reindeer remained the chief creature of the hunt.
According to Gumbutas in The Prehistory Of Eastern Europe, 1956; “This period is defined as the
Boreal Period (6,800-5600BC) where a relatively homogeneous culture of hunters and fishers stretched
from the western Baltic area to southwestern Finland, yielding harpoons, leaf shaped projectile points,
fish hooks, ice picks, fish nets, net sinkers, gouges and stone axes. Patterns found on bone or horn
tools had either incised marks or were made small holes or pits that arranged in regular shapes of
chevrons, cross hatching or other geometric designs. These artistic motifs seemingly being a
continuem of those found in the Upper Paleolithic. These tools and artistic designs were continued into
Atlantic Period (5,600-2250 BC) when the culture of the Hunters and Fishers flourished during the
warm, humid period.” Emerging from the Late Paleolithic there existed two cultural blocks in Europe. The culture of the
Pontic area north and east of the Black Sea was linked with the Near East. This included the areas of
the Northern Caucasus, Ukraine and southern Russia. The other area is the Baltic that included, Poland
East Prussia, Lithuania, Estonia Latvia, Finland and northern and central Russia. The importance of
the Pontic area are the cultural links with the Near East and the Biblical Lands. The early peoples in
this region would later be known as the Amorites, Kurgan or Corded people, Scythians, and Magog.
In the Tardenosian Period, (6,800-5,600 B.C.) at a place called Murzak-Koba , within the Pontic
area, harpoons and awls are found that are similar to those in the Baltic region. Many fish bones were
found, showing the importance of fishing as a food source. Gimbutus described the burial, at Murzak
Koba as, “A double burial of a middle-aged man and a young woman both resting on the back in an
extended position. The physical type of both individuals is stated to be like that of the Cro-Magnon
men of the French Upper Paleolithic. The man was 180 cm. tall [5'9''] , long and large headed, and
with heavy brow ridges, low wide orbits and a wide, long face.”
The Baltic Forest Culture extended from the western Baltic Sea to southwestern Finland. A skeleton
was discovered belonging to the Baltic Forest Culture in the southern Lithuania. The skull was found
in a pit paved with stones. Bone harpoons and other stone tools accompanied the body. The skull was
described as having a long and narrow face, similar to the Aurignacion skulls from the Upper
Paleolithic. More specifically it was similar to the skull found at Combe Capelle and the Brunn skull
of central Europe, both of which are Cro-Magnon.
The artistic, geometric designs found in Baltic Forest Culture was a continuem of those found in
Upper Paleolithic. Artistic impressions are consistently found on bone or horn tools that had either
incised marks, or were made displaying small holes or pits that were arranged in regular shapes of
chevrons, cross hatching or other geometric designs.
Bone implement ornamented with a geometric pattern discovered near the Dneiper rapids from Marija Gimbutas in 1956 “The Prehistory of Eastern Europe.”
The Hunters and Fishers continued to flourish over the forested belt, as the climate continued to
warm into what is called the Atlantic period (5,600-2,250 B.C.). New technologies from the south are
introduced that included the polishing and perforating stone tools and the manufacturing of pottery.
Burials from this period have been found in glacial kames and shell mounds. Kame burials were placed
in pits that were sometimes lined with bark. The use of red ochre on the bones or as an inclusion
within the burials is commonly found.
In southern Scandinavia, the Erterbolle culture (5300-3950 B.C.) has been identified. They derived
their living chiefly from the seas, where they hunted seals and whales from their dugouts. This has also
been called the Kitchen Midden culture. A culture that was defined by the large heaps of oyster shells
that contained burials with inclusions of bone, antler and flint artifacts.
Erterbolle skeletel remains that were found within the kitchen middens are still consistent with Cro
Magnon. The Cro-Magnon skull being defined as dolichocephalic (long), the jaw prognatheous
(protruding), the nose flat and the suborbital ridges (brow ridges) pronounced. In 1975 a hill known as
“Bogebakken” was being bulldozed in VedBaek Denmark for the construction of a school. During the
initial excavations, some amateur archaeologist uncovered graves that subsequently led to an
archaeological dig. The age of these burials dated to the “Atlantic” dating from 5,000B.C. to 3,000
B.C. A large number of polished axes of greenstone were found along with harpoons heads of roe
antler and slotted bone points.
The excavations were described in, Excavations of a Mesolithic Cemetery at VedBaek, Denmark by
Svend Erik Albrethsen and Erik Brinch Peterson, Copenhagen, 1975. “Carbon 14 dating of this site
was 4,100 B.C. The burials were laid out in regular rows with most of the skeletons oriented east-west.
Most of the pit graves contained only one individual, except one in which three skeletons were found.
Almost all of the graves contained red ochre. In some of the graves remains of a bark coffin was
observed.”
Photograph of the glacial kame called Bogebakken, taken in 1924.
“One of the most elaborate of these graves was a young woman believed to be about 18 years old
and by her right side was her new-born infant. Near her head was nearly 200 pendants from red deer
teeth, the front teeth of wild pigs and perforated snail shells. Red ochre was also included in the burial.
The baby was laid on a swans wing with red ochre sprinkled on and below the body. A large truncated
blade was also with child, suggesting to the excavators that the young child was a boy.”
“17 graves were unearthed that contained 5 children, 7 females and 10 males. The skulls featured
prominent cheek bones and brow ridges and in several cases thick walls. Most of the skulls from
Bogebakken, both males and female have prominent brow ridges that was regarded by archaeologist to
have been a racial characteristic of this
population. The skeletons they said, “ show many primitive
characteristics. The heavy facial features with prominent brow ridges and relatively low-set eyesockets are typical of the Cro-Magnon race, so the population of Bogebakken may be regarded as
remote cousins to the Cro-Magnon man.”
Additional finds of Ertebolle skeletons were found from Dyrholm in Jutland and from Korsor in
Zealand as reported by Steven Coons, in The Stone Age. “A fragment of a skull from Dyrhom was
described as being extremely thick with pronounced torus occipitalis. The Korsor skeleton was a well
preserved skeleton of an adult male. The cranium was described as “large and massive,” with
protruding brow ridges and a sloping forehead and heavy mandible, that was characteristic of the Cro
Magnon race.”
In an earthen burial mounds in Sweden dating from 4500-3800 B.C. were cremations, internments in
a sitting position, double graves with men and women and a rich child graves that included dogs. Dogs
within graves occurs in many cases with children; the belief being that they would protect them in the
afterlife as they did in this. Timber structures over two graves indicated the remains of a charnel house.
At the Popovo burial site that dates to 5,000 BC “The cemetery was situated on the top of a sand-and
gravel hill. The bodies were placed in two rows along the river bank. In five instances the head was
facing to the east, and in one instance to the west. The graves were .035-0.7 m deep. The dead were
placed in were extended position and were covered, together with small lumps of coal.
East of the Baltic at Lake Onega within the former Soviet Union, similar skeletons were discovered
and reported in Archaeology in the U.S.S.R. Alexander Mongait 1959, “There is a very interesting
Neolithic burial ground on the South Oleny Island in the northwestern part of Lake Onega, near the
Tranonega Peninsula. Over 170 burials ( excavations by I.V. Ravodonikas, 1936-38) were found in it.
This was the cemetery of the folk who lived on the shores of the lake. The dead were brought to it in
boats or on rafts and buried in shallow pits where they were painted with raddle [red ochre]. Articles
like stone and bone implements and ornaments were placed in the graves. On some of the male
skeletons there were stone javelin points and arrow-heads, bone daggers and harpoons, schist axes and knives, necklaces and pendants made from the teeth of wild animals mostly, incisors of the elk and
bears fangs. There are interesting burials of women with babies: the skeletons of the babies lay next to
the women’s skeletons or between their legs. Some of the graves are in deep vertical pits in which
skeletons stood upright. In one of the burials the skeleton had on its chest a large bone dagger with
sharp flint flakes fitted into a groove along the edge.
Photograph is from “ Archaeology of the USSR,” 1959. The skull from Oleny Island with the remains of a head-dress made from beaver incisors. Note the protruding browridge and a forehead that is completely lacking along with the massive jaw of this female skull. These physical traits are more attributable to “archaic” skulls than “modern.” Another “archaic” physical trait that is evident in this skull is the position of the mandible foramen. This is the hole in the jaw where the nerve goes through. The mandibular foramen is an opening on the inside of the vertical part of the mandible for the branch of the mandibular nerve that reaches the teeth. In modern skulls the mandible foramen is located on the chin and in archaic forms of humans it is located underneath the molars.
“Ontogenetic Migration of the Mental Foremen in Neanderthals and Modern Humans” by Frank
L’Engle Williams and Gail Krovitz, originally published in the 2004 Journal of Human Evolution”
“Mental foramen position in modern human adults appears to be more anterior with respect to its
position in Neanderthals. Nineteenth century researchers were the first to note the unusual position of
the mental foramen in Neanderthal manibles. These researchers compared the position encountered in
Neanderthal mandibles frequently located below the first mandibular molar (M 1), to its position in modern humans most often positioned interior to the first or second premolar (p 3 or p4), or under the
interdental septum.”
Gimbutus commented on the Olen Island skeletal remains, stating “Skeletal material from
northwestern Russia also evinces the presence of Europoid and Mongoloid traits. The skeletons from
southern Olen Island in Lake Onega belong to two different types, Cro-Magnon like Europoid and
Mongoloid. The Europoid type from Olen Island cemetery was close to an East Baltic or Ladogan
type.”
Looking further to the east In Siberia the tool kits and weapons are similar to those found to the west,
in the Baltic region. In a report done by the Carnegie Institution of Washington in 1928, Neolithic
artifacts from Siberia were described, “There are points of lancet-leaf, willow leaf types and more
slender lancet-like form. Lance heads were as variable in form as arrow points, but of larger size. This
same may be said of scraper, awls and drills were also of different types as to size, form and hafting.
Two kinds of stone fishing sinkers were found: grooved balls and natural flat pebbles with notches on
two sides.”
“The Siberian Neolithic man also manufactured some large stone implements, in the shape of slender
chisels, wide gouges, bent gouges, axe-wedges and axes with ears. These implements were fastened to
wooden handles by means of thongs or ropes made of vegetable fibres. The large stone implements
were intended for work on wood and to dig canoes out of tree trunks.”
A few burials were discovered in the region, but no good description of the skull types were given
except that they were long headed and craniometric measurements showed that they were identical to
skulls found in the Kurgan (burial mounds) of south Russia who were identified as the blue-eyed and
blonde Usuns or Wusuns and the Dinlins of the Chinese annals of the second century B.C. They were
legened to have lived in north Mongolia and were of the same stock as with Sacea, the western
Scythians, and with the Nordics of northern Europe. Shell mounds are found as far east as the Japanese archipelago and as far north as the Karelian
Islands. The dates of the shell mounds range from 7,500 to 2,000 B.C. Their tool kits are similar to
those in the west including polished plummets, bone combs and slate spear heads. This group has been
called the Joman Culture. “Joman” is derived from pottery associated with the early Joman that had
“cord markings.” This type of pottery is also found to the west of the Ural Mountains and in the Baltic
region, associated with shell mounds and the later Bell Beaker People. Tool kits, such as the toggle
harpoon are evidence that the Joman were deep sea fishing far off the the Japanese coast.
Skeletal remains of the Joman, also known as the Ainu, indicate that in eastern Asia as well as in
Europe, was already racially complex, and that peoples of the Cro-Magnon type stretched across the
entire width of the northern half of the Eurasiatic continent. Stevens Coons, in Upper Paleolithic Man
in China, writes “By means of this knowledge we may explain, at least in part, the enigma of the Ainu,
a large-headed, broad- faced Europoid-Mongoloid hybrid, living on the outer periphery of eastern
Asia. At the same time fresh light is thrown upon the human materials which may have taken part in
the early peopling of America,” The followi
ng article describes large skeletons in northern Japan. Besides the large size of the skeleton, another physical attribute described was flat shin bones. This is also found with the Allegewi Hopewell mound builders of the Ohio Valley. The copper arrowheads would date the find to sometime after 2700 B.C.
Mansfield News, July 13, 1918
STONE AGE SKELETONS
Bones of Early Japanese show Their Great Height
Fifteen human skeletons were unearthed in the provinve of Kawachi. This is considered the birthplace of Japanese Civilization. Of the relics of the Japanese stone age discovered by Professor Okushi three of the skeletons were in perfect preservation all bones being intact. East and West News says it rarely happens according to scientific records that so many perfect skeletons are discovered in one place.
Among indications that people of that period lived on uncooked food is the fact that upper and lower teeth are evenly worn down. Decayed teeth are not found. The bony structure of the skeletons are massive, shin bones in most cases are somewhat flat. Some of these skeletons stand seven feet high and even shorter ones are over six feet. Skeletons were found in a lying position with knees drawn up. Without doubt these people belonged to the stone age in Japan.
While making the excavation stone implements, earthenware and two copper arrowheads were found. Two white jade earrings were discovered which may be Chinese in origin.
Marija Gimbutas in 1956 “The Prehistory of Eastern Europe. “Up to the beginning of the second
millennium B.C. The culture of Mesolithic appearance continued in the East Baltic area and
northwestern Russia. At the end of the third millennium B.C. its pottery was predominantly decorated
by comb-like impressions. Hence, it can be designated as a “Comb-marked Pottery” complex. Its
carriers were Europeans with massive skulls and wide faces bearing a certain Cro-Magnon-like
implication.”
“In the broad sense, the culture of north-eastern Europe in the hunting-fishing stage is a counterpart of
the Eurasian culture which stretches across the whole forested zone of northern Europe and Asia to
North America. Northern Scandinavia, northeastern Europe and western, central and even Siberia
indicate related traits. The Scandinavian Arctic culture has characteristics common with the East Baltic
The Nephilim Chronicles: Fallen Angels in the Ohio Valley Page 3
