popular interest in, [>]
radio astronomy and, [>], [>]–[>]
Rees on, [>]–[>]
Sakharov and, [>]–[>]
Spergel on, [>]
static universe model, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
steady-state theory in, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
Turner on, [>]–[>]
at University of Cambridge, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Cosmos (TV series), [>]
Cottingham, Edward, [>]
Course of Theoretical Physics (Landau), [>]
“creation field”: Hoyle and, [>]–[>], [>]
Critical Dialogues in Cosmology (Princeton, 1996), [>]–[>], [>]
Crommelin, Andrew, [>]–[>]
cyclical model of universe, [>]
Cygnus A: as radio source, [>]
Cygnus X–1: as black hole, [>]
dark energy, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
and cosmological constant, [>], [>]
dark matter, [>], [>], [>]. See also CDM model of universe
distribution of, [>]–[>], [>]
Faber and, [>]–[>]
Gallagher and, [>]–[>]
general relativity and, [>]
in large-scale structure theory, [>]–[>], [>]
Modified Newtonian Dynamics and, [>]–[>]
observational evidence for, [>]
Peebles and, [>]
standard model and, [>]
Davidson, Charles, [>]–[>]
Davis, Marc, [>]
and cosmological constant, [>]
and galaxy formation, [>]
de Sitter, Willem, [>]
on age of universe, [>]
and expanding universe model, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
and static universe model, [>], [>]
de Sitter effect, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
de Vaucouleurs, Gérard: and galaxy superclusters, [>]–[>]
Dead of Night (film), [>]
Dekel, Avishai: and cosmological constant, [>]
Deser, Stanley, [>], [>]
“Detection of Gravity Waves Challenged” (Garwin), [>]
“Detective Police, The” (Dickens), [>]–[>]
DeWitt, Bryce: background of, [>]
and black holes, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
and canonical approach to spacetime, [>], [>]
and gravitons, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
and gravity, [>]–[>]
and Institute of Field Physics, [>], [>]
and quantum electrodynamics, [>], [>]
and quantum gravity, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
on string theory, [>]
Wheeler and, [>]
DeWitt-Morette, Cécile, [>], [>], [>], [>]
“Dialectical and Historical Materialism” (Stalin), [>]
dialectical materialism: general relativity and, [>]–[>]
quantum physics and, [>]–[>]
Dicke, Robert, [>], [>]
and anthropic principle, [>]–[>]
and “Big Bang” theory, [>]
and general relativity, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
Dicke, Robert & Philip Peebles: “The Big Bang Cosmology—Enigmas and Nostrums,” [>]–[>], [>]
Dickens, Charles: “The Detective Police,” [>]–[>]
Dirac, Paul, [>], [>], [>], [>]
background and personality of, [>], [>]
on field equations, [>]
and gravity, [>]–[>]
as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics, [>], [>], [>], [>]
and mathematics, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
and modifications to general relativity, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
and quantum electrodynamics, [>]–[>]
and quantum physics, [>], [>]–[>]
Sciama and, [>]–[>]
and standard model, [>]
and unified theory, [>]–[>]
wins Nobel Prize, [>]
Dirac equation, [>]–[>]
Doppler effect, [>]
Drever, Ronald, [>]
Duff, Michael: and gravity, [>]–[>]
on string theory, [>]–[>]
Dyson, Frank, [>], [>]
Dyson, Freeman: on general relativity, [>]
and Weber, [>]–[>]
Eddington, Sir Arthur, [>]–[>]
academic career, [>]–[>]
and clumping of matter, [>]
and cosmological constant, [>]–[>]
and expanding universe model, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
The Fundamental Theory, [>]–[>]
The Internal Constitution of the Stars, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
leads Príncipe expedition (1919), [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
and Lemaître, [>], [>]
and nuclear fusion, [>]
opposes Chandra, [>], [>], [>]
personality of, [>]
political opinions, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
promotes general relativity, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
rejects “Big Bang” theory, [>]–[>], [>]
rejects black holes, [>], [>], [>], [>]
rejects gravity waves, [>]
on Schwarzschild, [>]
Stars and Atoms, [>]
and stellar evolution and decay, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
and unified theory, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
“Effect of Wind and Air-Density on the Path of a Projectile, The” (Schwarzschild), [>]
Efstathiou, George: and cosmological constant, [>]
“The Cosmological Constant and Cold Dark Matter,” [>]–[>]
and galaxy formation, [>]
and large-scale structure theory, [>]–[>]
and standard model, [>]–[>]
Ehrenfest, Paul, [>]
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH): Einstein as professor at, [>]
Einstein, Albert: accepts “Big Bang” theory, [>]
“An Appeal to Europeans,” [>]
background of, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
as celebrity, [>]–[>], [>]
death of, [>]
and distribution of matter, [>]
divorces Marić, [>]
emigrates to United States, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
and expanding universe model, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
as fellow of Prussian Academy of Sciences, [>], [>]
and gravity waves, [>]–[>]
Grossmann assists, [>]–[>], [>]
heads Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Physics, [>]
at Institute for Advanced Study, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]
introduces cosmological constant, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
later life, [>]–[>]
marriage to Lowenthal, [>], [>]
marriage to Marić, [>], [>], [>]
and mathematics, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
and McCarthyism, [>]
“A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions” (1905), [>]
“On the Relativity Principle and the Conclusions Drawn From It” (1907), [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Oppenheimer and, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
and orbital decay, [>]–[>]
performs thought experiments, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
personality of, [>]
and photoelectric effect, [>]–[>]
physical intuition, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
political opinions, [>], [>], [>]
popular acclaim for, [>]–[>]
promotes static universe model, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
rejects black holes, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
rejects expanding universe model, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
relationship with Hilbert, [>]–[>], [>]
relationship with Lemaître, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]
Schwarzschild and, [>]–[>]
search for unified theory, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
; and spacetime, [>], [>]
on steady-state theory, [>]
and stellar evolution and decay, [>]–[>]
studies non-Euclidian geometry, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
as Swiss patent inspector, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
as university professor, [>], [>]–[>]
and World War I, [>]–[>], [>]
Einstein, Eduard, [>]–[>]
Einstein, Hans Albert, [>]
Einstein, Maja, [>]
“Electrical Disturbances Apparently of Extraterrestrial Origin” (Jansky), [>]
electromagnetism: gravity and, [>], [>]
Hertz and, [>]
Maxwell and, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
in unified theory, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
electroweak force: in unified theory, [>], [>]
Ellis, George, [>]
and general relativity, [>]
on multiverse model, [>]–[>]
energy: and cosmological constant, [>]
distribution of, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
produced by black holes, [>]–[>]
relationship to mass, [>], [>], [>]–[>]
entropy: of black holes, [>]–[>], [>]
Erhard, Werner: sponsors physics lectures, [>]
European Space Agency, [>], [>]–[>]
Event Horizon Telescope, [>]
exclusion principle: Pauli and, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
expanding model of universe, [>]–[>]
acceleration in, [>]–[>], [>]
“Big Bang” theory and, [>]
de Sitter and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Eddington and, [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]
Einstein and, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Einstein rejects, [>], [>]–[>], [>]
Friedmann and, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
gravity and, [>]–[>]
Hoyle and, [>], [>]
Lemaître and, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Lifshitz and, [>]
and redshift effect, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Weyl and, [>], [>]
Faber, Sandra: and dark matter, [>]–[>]
Faraday, Michael, [>]
Fermi, Enrico, [>]
Feynman, Richard, [>], [>], [>]
and general relativity, [>]–[>], [>]
and gravity waves, [>]
and quantum electrodynamics, [>]
and quantum physics, [>], [>]
on string theory, [>]
Wheeler and, [>]
wins Nobel Prize, [>]
Field, George: and gravity waves, [>]
field equations, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
Ashtekar solves, [>], [>]
Bekenstein and, [>]
Dirac on, [>]
Friedmann and, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Gödel solves, [>]–[>]
gravity waves and, [>], [>]
Hoyle and, [>]
Kerr solves, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
Lemaître and, [>], [>], [>]
Lifshitz and, [>]–[>]
Pretorius solves, [>]–[>]
Sakharov and, [>]
Schwarzschild solves, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
in unified theory, [>]
“final state.” See stars, evolution and decay of
Flerov, Georgii, [>]
Fock, Vladimir: “Against the Ignorant Criticism of Modern Theories in Physics,” [>]
Fowler, Ralph, [>]
and stellar energy sources, [>]–[>]
and stellar evolution and decay, [>]–[>], [>]
Fowler, William, [>]
Frenk, Carlos: and cosmological constant, [>]
and galaxy formation, [>]
Friedan, Daniel: on string theory, [>]
Friedmann, Alexander, [>], [>]
background and personality of, [>]
death of, [>]
and expanding universe model, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
and field equations, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
Friedmann, Alexander (cont.)
“On the Curvature of Space,” [>]–[>]
in World War I, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
“frozen stars.” See black holes
Fundamental Theory, The (Eddington), [>]–[>]
galaxies: and accretion disks, [>]–[>]
de Vaucouleurs and superclusters of, [>]–[>]
distribution of, [>], [>], [>], [>]
formation and structure of, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]
Gamow and, [>], [>]
in general relativity, [>], [>]
gravity and, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
and large-scale structure theory, [>]
nebulae identified as, [>]–[>]
Zwicky and, [>]
Galilei, Galileo, [>]
Gallagher, Jay: and dark matter, [>]–[>]
Galle, Gottfried, [>]
Gamow, George: and “Big Bang” theory, [>]
and galaxies, [>], [>]
Garwin, Richard: “Detection of Gravity Waves Challenged,” [>]
Gauss, Carl Friedrich: and non-Euclidian geometry, [>]–[>], [>]
Gell-Mann, Murray: and string theory, [>]–[>]
general theory of relativity. See relativity, general
geometry, non-Euclidian: Einstein studies, [>]–[>], [>], [>]
Gauss and, [>]–[>], [>]
Riemann and, [>], [>], [>]
geometry, quantum, [>]
German Charles-Ferdinand University (Prague): Einstein as professor at, [>]
Germany: Jewish physicists flee, [>], [>]–[>]
Giaccone, Riccardo, [>]
Glashow, Sheldon: and electroweak force, [>]
and standard model, [>]
on string theory, [>]
Gödel, Kurt: background of, [>]
Chandra and, [>]
death of, [>]
emigrates to United States, [>]
and general relativity, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
and incompleteness theorem, [>]–[>]
at Institute for Advanced Study, [>]
and mathematics, [>]–[>]
solves field equations, [>]–[>]
and time travel, [>]–[>]
Gold, Thomas, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
on general relativity, [>]
and radio astronomy, [>]–[>]
and steady-state theory, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
Gott, J. Richard: and cosmological constant, [>]
on cosmology, [>]
Goudsmit, Samuel: and general relativity, [>]
Gravitation and Cosmology (Weinberg), [>], [>]
Gravitation (Wheeler, Misner & Thorne), [>]
“Gravitational Collapse and Spacetime Singularities” (Penrose), [>]
gravitons: DeWitt and, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
in quantum gravity, [>], [>]
in string theory, [>]
gravity: and acceleration, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
alternative theories of, [>]–[>]
antigravity research, [>]–[>]
Babson and, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
Bahnson and, [>]
Brans and, [>]–[>]
deflects light, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
DeWitt and, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]
Dirac and, [>]–[>]
Duff and, [>]–[>]
effect on spacetime, [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]
effect on stars, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]
and electromagnetism, [>], [>]
and expanding universe model, [>]–[>]
and galaxies, [>]–[>], [>], [>
The Perfect Theory Page 34
