Atget, Eugene, 148-49
Avant-garde artists, 130, 131-35, 149, 223n16
Bald, Wambly, 161-62, 187, 191
Baltard, Victor, 126
Barr, Cecil, 180
Baux, Jeanne-Pierre, 222n14
Beat writers, 160
Bigotry, 112. See also Prejudices
Blavatsky, Helena, 82
Blues, 14
Boone, Daniel, 30
Borowski, Stanley, 62
Bradley, William A., 172,
Brancusi, Constantin, 136
Braque, Georges, 132
Brassa’i (Gyula Halasz): detachment of, 153-54, 223n20; HM’s friendship with, 148-50; impression of June Miller, 224n24; and Klein, 160 A Man Dies in the Street, 153; in Tropic of Cancer, 192
Breton, Andre, 134, 136
Brooklyn, New York: HM’s adult life in, 75-76, 80, 89-90, 91, 92, 104-7, iii, 127, 136, 156; HM’s youth in, 6, 10, 58, 61-63 , 65-66, 68-72 , 221n10
Buddhism, 225n28
Buffalo Bill, 20
Bunuel, Luis, 129-30, 132, 164-65, 172
Burlesque, 10, 41-42, 62, 71-72
Burr, Aaron, 22
Burroughs, William, 184
Calder, Alexander (Sandy), 151
California, HM’s work as agricultural laborer, ii , 76-77, 78, 79-80, 81 , 221n12
Capitalism: slaughterhouse of, 96, 97, 128; and World War I, 134. See also Economic advancement
Carney, Eddie, 62
Celine, Louis Ferdinand, 180
Chicago Tribune, 128, 139-40, 161 , 167, 170-71
Un Chien Andalou (film), 129-30, 131, 135
Chighizola, Louis (Nez Coupe), 37, 220n7
Chouteau, Pauline, 75-76, 87, 168
Christmas, Annie, 36-37, 42
Cirque Medrano, 140, 146
La Closerie des Lilas, 126, 127, 128-29
Coates, Robert M., 33-34
Cocteau, Jean, 129-30, 132
Columbus, Christopher, 17-19, 24, 219n1
Conestoga Indians, massacre of, 219-20n3
Conrad, Joseph, 147
“Cosmodemonic Telephone Company”, 96-97, 139
Crane, Stephen, 137
Creativity, 14-15, 106, 114, 115, 141, 175
Cresap, Michael, 32
Crèvecoeur, J. Hector St. John, Letters from an American Farmer, 23-26, 43, 44, 51, 123, 219n2, 219-20n3
Crockett, Davy, 30-32, 42
Dada, 131, 133
Dali, Salvador, 129, 132, 158
Dekobra, Maurice, 129-30
Democratic system, 21-25, 46, 48
Depression, 123, 125, 170-71
Derain, Andre, 158
Dexter, Paul, 86
Dilthey, Wilhelm, 59
Documentaries, defining, 153, 223n20
Doisneau, Robert, 223n20
Le Dome, 126, 127
Donleavy, J. P., 185
Dorment, Richard, 222-23n16
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 87, 147
Draft Riots of July 1863, 39
Duchamp, Marcel, 136
Economic advancement, 82 , 128
Eluard, Paul, 136
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 42, 43-44, 49, 55, 82, 187-88
Ethnic slurs, 70, 211nii Evans, Walker, 223 n20
Expatriation, 14, 123 , 126, 127, 136, 155, 171, 195-96
Failure: HM’s confrontation of, 155; and HM’s employment, 122; HM’s failed novels, 6, 7, 98, 99, 104, 109-10, 121 , 131 , 155-56; HM’s sense of, 4, 107, 124
Farrell, James T., 183, 184
Faulkner, William, 182-83
Feminist movement, 174
Fink, Mike, 31-33 , 37, 39, 42 , 51 , 64, 201
Fitzgerald, F. Scott: The Great Gatsby, 24; Tender Is the Night, 182
Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley, 80
Folklore. See American folklore
Les Forts, 126, 127, 138
Foster, Stephen, 179
Foujita, Tsuguharu, 158
Fraenkel, Michael, 154, 157-59, 179, 191
Franklin, Benjamin, 219-20n3 , 220n4
Freedman, Roland (Pop), 108-9, iii
French language, 121, 123, 148 , 223 n17
Freud, Sigmund, 87, 93 , 225 n28
Frontier experience: and justice, 34; and national character, 26-27, 29, 72 , 220n6; and renegades, 14, 208; and Twain, 47. See also Wilderness
Genet, Jean, 184
Ginsberg, Allen, 184
Girty, Simon, 208
Goldman, Emma, 80, 81 , 155
Gran Torino (film), 221n11
Grosz, George, 134
Grove Press, American edition of Tropic of Cancer, 5 , 184, 221 n9
Guiler, Hugh (Hugo), 164
Haeckel, Ernst, 59
Haggard, H. Rider, 65
Hall, Aaron, 20
Hamilton, Alexander, 23
Hamsun, Knut, Hunger, 141
Happenings, 133
Harpe brothers, 34-35, 42
Harris, Frank, 89
Harris, George Washington, 49
Harvard Classics, 71
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 43 , 49
Haywood, Big Bill, 80, 81 , 155
Hemingway, Ernest, 126, 181-82
Hemmings, Sally, 219n2
Henty, G. A., 65
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 55
Hooper, Johnson J., 49
Howells, William Dean, 46, 222 n13
Humor: and American folklore, 28, 33, 41, 42, 47; and cheap comedy, 113; cruelty in, 5, 13, 15, 41, 44, 64, 72, 109, 191-92, 198-201; and HM’s talk, 92; and Twain, 47, 48, 53 , 54
Improvisation, 13-14, 152
Jackson, Andrew, 37
James, Henry, ii Jarry, Alfred, 133, 134
Jazz, 14, 38, 189
Jefferson, Thomas, 21 , 24, 219n2
Jews, 69-70, 85, 109, 112
Joyce, James, 147
Kahane, Jack: and HM’s essay on Lawrence, 176-77, 178; as publisher for Tropic of Cancer, 5, 173, 176, 178, 179-80, 215; as publisher of Tropic of Capricorn, 215-16
Kann, Fred, 151
Kant, Immanuel, 59
Kerouac, Jack, 160
Kertesz, Andre, 148-49
Kessel, Joseph, 168
Kiowa Dutch, 208-9
Klein, Roger, 160
Kronski, Jean, 107-8, 112-13 , 116 , 224n23
Lafitte, Jean, 37
Lange, Dorothea, 223 n20
Lawlessness, 4, 5, 12-13, 26-27, 176, 179. See also Outlaws
Lawrence, D. H.: and American folklore, 170; HM’s essay on, 176-77, 178; HM’s opinion of, 147
Nin’s study of, 164, 165
Studies in Classic American Literature, 165
Lawson, Jack, 63
Lee, Light Horse Harry, 22-23
Lincoln, Abraham, 46-47
Logan (Mingo chief), 32
Lomax, Alan, 38, 43
Longfellow, Henry Wads-worth, 55
Lowenfels, Walter, 157, 159, 179, 191
McCormick, Robert, 128
MacLeish, Archibald, 219ni Madison, James, 22
Mailer, Norman, 56, 100
Male superiority, 13 , 75
Mann, Thomas, 147
Marlowe, Christopher, 56
Marx, Karl, 59
Mason, Samuel, 34, 35-36
Masters, Edgar Lee, 97
Matisse, Henri, 132 , 136
Melville, Herman, 49, 50, 117, 220n4
Miller, Barbara (daughter), 88, 99, 104
Miller, Beatrice Wickens (wife), 87, 88, 95, 99, 104
Miller, Henry: and American nationality, 4, 8, 9, 12, 13-15, 91, 136, 156, 210; artistic audacity of, 56; attitude toward America culture, 8-9, 12, 17, 80-81 , 91 , 96-97, 101 , 117, 124, 180, 224n26; autobiographical nature of, 57-58; avoiding responsibility, 67-68; childhood and youth of, 58-66 , 67 , 68-72 , 221 n10; education of, 69, 70-73 , 75; as expatriate, 14, 126, 136, 171; fame in 1960s, 104, 217-18; and foul language, 66, 221n10; as freelance journalist, 12; German ethnicity of, 9, 57 , 58-61 , 65 , 66 , 221 n9; as huckster, 9, 30; literary reputation of, 5-6; as mythologizer, 57-58; as novelist,
12; occupations of, 11-12, 72-73, 76-81, 83 , 84-87, 89, 90, 95-96, 122 , 139-40, 158, 161, 221n12; and quotidian life, 9; reading of, 65, 69, 80, 85, 87, 89, 91, 105-6, 147, 177; rebellious nature of, 61, 88, 130, 131, 169; and remembering, 9-11 , 114; as renegade, 14-15, 56, 165, 208, 224-25n26; reputation as “gangster author”, 5, 176, 179; as tale spinner, 15, 77, 78-79, 92; temperament of, 13; treatment of women, 61; watercolors, 176, 179, 216-17. See also Failure; Paris, France; Sexuality; Talk; Writing —works of: The Air-Conditioned Nightmare, 8; Black Spring, ii , 64, 100, 176, 216; The Books in My Life, 187, 223n16; Clipped Wings, 97-98, 109-10, 112; Crazy Cock, 131, 135, 140, 144, 146, 156, 158, 159, 163-64, 166, 170, 172-73, 223n22; The Last Book, 171, 172, 173, 188; Lovely Lesbians, 112-14, 115; Moloch, or This Gentile World, 70, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 131, 140, 156, 170; Remember to Remember, 8; The Rosy Crucifixion, 100; The Time of Assassins, 128, 143; Tropic of Capricorn, 59, 96-97, 100, 101-3, 173, 176, 215, 216, 217, 224n25. See also Tropic of Cancer (Miller)
Miller, Henry (father): background of, 58; customers of, 86-87; HM’s observations of, 81 , 89, 222 n13; HM working with, 83 , 84-87, 89; and Old World culture, 65
Miller, June Mansfield (wife): belief in HM’s talent, 6, 104-5, 106, iii-12 , 115; drug use of, iii , 115; European trip of 1928, 109, 110; fantasies of, 143, 163; financing HM’s Paris; trip, 116, 122, 123, 138, 142; “gold-digging” of, 106, 107, 108-9, iii, 112, 123; HM meeting, 99-100, 103-4; HM’s correspondence from Paris, 123; as HM’s metaphor for America, 101; as HM’s muse, 100-104, 175, 215; HM’s relationship with, 7, 12, 100, 104, 106-7, 108, 115-16, 142-44, 164, 166, 175, 216, 223-24n23; and HM’s writing as he talks, 154; jobs of, 105, iii, 112, 123; and Kronski, 107-8, 112-13 , 224n23; Nin’s relationship with, 164, 166-67, 224n23 , 224n24; Paris visits to HM, 142-44, 163-64, 166, 175, 177, 224n23 , 224n24; physical appearance of, 100, 102-3 , 166, 224n24; running speakeasy, 12, 106; separations from; HM, 107
Miller, Lauretta (sister), 58, 60, 63-64, 67 , 76
Miller, Lee, 174
Miller, Louise Nieting (mother): background of, 58; demands of, 60-61 , 63-64, 76, 81, 83, 84; and HM’s spirit of rebellion, 61, 88, 130; and Old World culture, 65; shame of, 107
Mills, Benjamin Fay, 82
Miro, Joan, 132-33
Modernism, 46, 129, 132, 135-36, 157, 182
Modern world, rottenness of, 134
Mommsen, Theodor, 59
Morton, Jelly Roll, 38, 43
Mose, the Bowery B’hoy, 39-40, 170
Murrel, John, 34
Nanavati, N. P., 192
Natchez Trace, 34
New World: and discovery, 15 , 17-18; and frontier, 29; and lawlessness, 26-27; and new man, 24-25; obliteration of native cultures, 19-20, 209; Old World as HM’s new world, 117, 213; replica of Old World in, 19, 25
Nichols, John, 151 , 191 , 223n19
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 87
Nin, Anais: diary of, 164, 166, 175; HM’s correspondence with, 167; and HM’s Lawrence essay, 176, 177; as HM’s muse, 175, 215; HM’s relationship with, 164-71, 173, 174-75, 215-16, 217, 224n23; and HM’s relationship with June, 164, 166, 223-24n23; on HM without writing, 169-70; impression of June Miller, 166, 224n24; literary talent of, 174; June Miller’s relationship with, 164, 166-67, 224n23, 224n24; opinion of HM’s writing, 164-65, 175, 177, 178; writing of, 216
Noailles, Marie-Laure de, 125, 132
Obelisk Press, 5, 173, 180
Occult, 10, 130
Ojeda, Alonso de, 18
Old World: and burlesque, 71; culture of, 7, 8-9, 65, 72; and discovery, 15; and HM’s German ethnicity, 57; as HM’s new world, 117, 213; and HM’s wilderness, 128; and HM’s writing, 156; and law, 26; New World as replica of, 19, 25; Twain on, 47-48
Osborn, Richard, 145-47, 150, 158, 161 , 164, 165, 191 , 211
Outlaws: and American folklore, 15, 28, 29, 34-35, 36, 38-39; HM’s self-characterization as, 9, 12, 79, 128, 221 n12; Twain as, 55
Owen, Matt, 62
Pachoutinksy, Eugene, 192
Paris, France: avant-garde of, 130, 131-35, 149, 223 n16; and European trip of 1928, 110, 121; and film, 129-30, 131 , 136; HM’s attraction to, 91-92; HM’s choice of comrades in, 136; HM’s correspondence with June, 123; HM’s desperate circumstances in, 6-8, 137-41, 143, 151, 152, 156, 157, 162-63; HM’s exile in, 7-9, 14, 17, 59; HM’s interaction with streetwalkers, 137-38, 140, 146, 190-91; HM’s lack of artistic contacts, 135-36, 137; HM’s solitude in, 123-24; June Miller and Kronski in, 107-8, 112-13, 224n23; June Miller’s financing of, 116, 122, 123, 138, 142; June Miller’s visits, 142-44, 163-64, 166, 175, 177, 224n23, 224n24; recovery from World War I, 125-26
Paul, Johnny, 63
Peche Merle cave, 222n14
Penn, William, 220n3
Perkins, Maxwell, 182
Perlés, Alfred: HM living with, 139-40, 145, 160-61, 163, 171; and HM’s work at Chicago Tribune, 161, 162, 167 and remembering, 9; in Tropic of Cancer, 191
Picasso, Pablo, 132, 136
Polis, Joe, 44
Post-Naturalism, 183
Pound, Ezra, 225n27
Powys, John Cowper, 82
Prejudices, 6, 9, 13, 69-70, 72, 109, 112
Progress, 14, 81, 82, 91, 201-2 . See also Economic advancement
Proust, Marcel, 9, 136, 148
Purdy, James, 185
Putnam, Samuel, 191
Quick, Tom, 32, 33, 220n6
Radicalism, 10, 80, 82, 130, 133
Ramsay, Rob, 63
Rank, Otto, 178
Ray, Man, 136
Reardon, Lester, 63
Reed, John, 80
Rimbaud, Arthur, 128
Roche, Charlotte, 185
Root, Waverly, 127-28, 187, 222n15
Rosset, Barney, 5, 184, 224-25 n26
Rousseau, Henri, 133-34
Rush, Benjamin, 23
Satie, Erik, 133, 134, 136
Schnellock, Emil: education of, 70-71; European travel experience of, 6-7, 91-92; HM’s correspondence with, 3 , 8, 14, 122-23, 129-30, 135, 138, 142-43, 147-48, 151-56, 160-61, 171, 177-78, 186; as HM’s friend, 3, 6, 69, 91; and HM’s talk, 92-93, 97, 154; and HM’s trip to Paris, 6-7, 117
Schnellock, Ned, 123 , 124
Schopenhauer, Arthur, 73 , 87
Schrank, Bertha, 191
Sedley, Bill, 36-37
Selby, Hubert, Jr., 184
Sexuality: and American literature, 41; of burlesque, 42, 71-72; cultural shifts in treatment of, 184; HM’s relationship with Chouteau, 75, 168; HM’s relationship with June Miller, 100; HM’s relationship with Nin, 167-69, 174, 217; HM’s relationship with Wickens, 87-88; HM as sexual adventurer, 73, 130, 167-68, 190, 217; and whorehouses, 4-5, 74-75, 79, 80, 190-91
Shakespeare, William, 56
Shapiro, Karl, 221 n9
Six-day bike races, 10, 140, 146
Slaughterhouse: America as, 14, 17; of capitalism, 96, 97, 128
Slavery, 25, 219n2
Smith, Seba, 49
Sorgh, Hendrick Martensz, 133
Spengler, Oswald, 59, 73 , 87, 148, 177
Steen, Jan Havicksz, 133
Stevens, Wallace, 209
Surrealism, 131, 133, 134, 140, 153, 174, 182
Talk: and American folklore, 28, 31, 46, 52-53, 78-79, 155, 220n5; and HM’s inspiration, 94, 222n14; and HM’s sexuality, 168; and HM’s tale spinning, 15, 77, 78-80, 92; and HM’s writing aspirations, 90, 94, 104, 105, 106, 147, 154-55; and monologists, 28, 46, 56, 78-79, 86, 92, 93 , 136, 155; and Schnel-lock’s friendship with HM, 92-93, 97, 154; tall-talkers, 9, 12-13, 31, 40, 220n5; and Twain, 46, 50, 52-54, 55, 56, 222n13; and unpredictability of HM’s talent, 93-94
Tanner, John, 208
Tell, William, 33
Thoreau, Henry David, 44-46, 49
Thorpe, Thomas Bangs, 32
Trade unionism, 10, 80
Tresca, Carlo, 80 Tropic of Cancer (Miller): American publication of, 5, 184, 217, 221n9; and anarchism, 172; challenging nature of, 189; and conditions of earthly existence, 201-5,
208, 210, 212, 225n28; cover of, 179-80; daring nature of, 184-85, 197; and essence of living, 186-87; as event, 197-98; and expatriate vignette, 195-96; and Fraenkel’s death philosophy, 158; HM finding voice in, 15-16; HM looking back on writing of, 175-76; and HM’s bravado, 3-4; and HM’s literary reputation, 5-6; HM’s reaction to publishing of, 178-79, 215; and HM’s relationship with Nin, 173, 175, 178, 179-80, 191, 215; and HM’s renegade status, 198, 208, 224-25n26; HM’s revisions of, 176, 178, 179, 197; humor in, 15, 191-92, 198-201; and June-Henry-Anais menage, 175, 224n23; legacy of, 216; June Miller as muse, 100, 175; and missed opportunity of America, 17, 213; and narrator’s journey, 206-9, 210, 211-13; outlawed status of, 198, 210, 224-25 n26; and Parisian demimonde, 4-5, 190-91 , 198, 207-8; Paris street scenes in, 194-95, 207; philosophical excursions in, 192-94; portraits of HM’s companions in, 191-92 , 211; Pound on, 225n27; rawness of, 15, 224n25; singularity of voice, 223n16; success of, 155; and teaching in; Dijon, 195; tone of, 198; vibrancy of, 188
Twain, Mark: literary impact of, 41, 46-47; Mississippi River as subject of, 49, 54, 206; occupations of, 50; and profanity, 53-54; and talk, 46, 50, 52-54, 55, 56, 222n13; white suits of, iii —works of: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, 49, 50-53; The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, 49, 50; The Innocents Abroad, 47-49, 110-11 ; Life on the Mississippi, 49, 51; “ 1601”, 55-56
Van Gogh, Vincent, 222-23 n16
Venereal disease, 74, 86, 150, 183 , 207
Wall Street crash, 116
War of 1812, 22, 37
Warren, Robert Penn, 220-21 n8
Washington, George, 22 , 23
Watercolors, 176, 179, 216-17
Western Union, HM as employment manager, 12, 95-97, 104
Whitman, Walt: HM taking Leaves of Grass to Paris, 7, 15-16, 121; as influence on HM, 46, 135, 153, 186-87, 197; Leaves of Grass, 7, 15-16, 46, 49-50, 121; on objects, 10; and Thoreau, 44-46
Whittier, John Greenleaf, 55
Wilderness: of America, 25-26, 33-34, 44, 201, 208; Old World as HM’s wilderness, 128. See also Frontier experience
Wilderness Road, 34
Wolcott Hotel, 86
Wolfe, Thomas, 183
Women: HM’s attitude toward, 60-61 , 74-75, 88, 137-38. See also Sexuality
World War I, 81, 125-26, 134
World War II, 216
Writing: and HM’s advice from Fraenkel, 159; HM’s artistic integrity, 127, 128-29, 145, 147; HM’s aspirations, 6, 12 , 89-90, 94, 95, 97-98, 99, 103, 104, 105, 106, 147, 154-55, 156; and HM’s creativity, 106, 114; and HM’s disparate images, 152; HM’s exploration of unconventional methods, 130; HM’s identity as writer, 216; and HM’s improvisation, 152-53; HM’s literary pretensions, 121, 126-27, 156; and HM’s notes, 15, 112, 122, 126, 127, 137, 140, 159, 190; and HM’s plain language, 144; and HM’s realistic literature, 135, 143; and HM’s remembering, 9-11 , 114; HM’s reproduction of art in, 72; HM’s revisions, 160, 176, 178, 179, 197; and HM’s self-pity, 113; and HM’s solitude, 123-24, 136; HM’s stories, 140-41; HM’s talent and, 114, 144, 162; HM’s work as screenwriter, 217; Nin on HM without writing, 169-70; Nin’s opinion of HM’s writing, 164-65, 175, 177, 178; and Nin’s relationship with HM, 173; at typewriter, 107, 112, 147, 159-60, 223 n22
Renegade: Henry Miller and the Making of Tropic of Cancer Page 16
