by Matt Waters
Greek mercenaries. See army
Gugu. See Gyges
Gygaea 83
Gyges 30–31
Halicarnassus 14, 85, 206
Hamadan 9, 31, 59, 134, 136, 172, 182, 239
see also Ecbatana
Harpagus 41, 48, 53, 123, 232
Harran 38, 44
haru-system. See army
Hellenic League 128
Hellespont
crossing of 81, 113, 125
Hellespontine Phrygia 106, 163, 164, 173, 184, 187, 190, 201, 204
Hermotimus 95
Hidush 78, 82
Hippias 83, 89
Histiaeus 83, 85, 86
Hydarnes, supporter of Darius I 67, 69, 174
Hydarnes, supporter of Darius II 174, 180, 181, 241
Hyrcania, Hyrcanians 7, 39, 43, 72, 168
Hystaspes, father of Darius I 43, 65, 67, 69, 106, 155, 181, 194
Hystaspes, son of Xerxes 158
Inaros 159–160
Indo-Iranians 11, 12, 20, 62, 152, 154, 232
Indus River 5, 7, 78, 82
Intaphernes 67, 69, 93, 94
Ionia, Ionians 7, 10, 13, 14, 30, 31, 39, 41, 54, 80, 83, 85–87, 89, 97, 98, 123, 125, 131–133, 160, 173, 184–187, 201, 206, 207
Irdabama 94–95
Irtashduna 94–95
see also Artystone
Ishtar 154, 182
Issus, battle of 207, 209
Jerusalem 13, 46, 161, 162
Jews, Judah 7, 26, 47, 161–163, 233
Ka’ba-i Zardusht 145
kra 108, 241
Kashtaritu 34
Khababash 196, 242
Kheriga 174
Khorasan Road. 7, 32, 33
See also roads
King’s Peace (Peace of Antalcidas) 186–188
Kition 164
kurtash 105, 107
Kush 55, 82
Lade, battle of 87
Leonidas 127, 132
Libya, Libyans 7, 55, 79, 82
Lie, the. See drauga
Lycia 133, 164, 174, 206
Lydia, Lydians 7, 29–31, 39–42, 44, 50, 52, 53, 78, 87, 100, 111, 123, 126, 137, 140, 163, 172, 173, 186, 205
Macedonia, Macedonians 28, 43, 82, 83, 88, 123, 125, 130, 196, 199–201, 204, 205, 206, 211, 213, 217, 218, 236
magi 152, 154–155
as Median tribe 154
Magnesia 42
Mamasani 9
Mandane 48, 154
Manushtana. See Menostanes
Marathon, battle of 42, 89, 114, 120, 121, 123
Mardonius 87, 88, 120, 121, 126, 130
Marduk 28, 38, 39, 45, 46, 47, 116, 212
Margiana 19, 65, 69, 72
Marion 164
Martiya 72, 74
Mascames 133
Massagetae 52, 76, 127
Mausolus 101, 192
Mazaces 209, 210
Mazares 41, 123
Medes, Media 7, 15, 21, 28, 29, 30, 31–34, 37, 38–39, 40, 41, 44, 49, 50, 59, 63, 64, 65, 68, 69, 72, 81, 109, 127, 134, 143, 147, 153, 155, 176, 211, 232, 233
Median Wall 29
Medism 122–123
Megabates 85
Megabazus 81, 82, 88
Megabyxos 67, 240
see also Megabyzus, supporter of Darius I
Megabyzus, son of Zopyrus 160–161, 163
Megabyzus, supporter of Darius I 76, 160
Megaphernes 179
Memnon 201, 204–206
Memphis 55–56, 159, 183, 190, 196
Menostanes 168, 170
Midas 29
Miletus 83, 85–87, 186, 205, 206
Mithra 153–154, 182, 183, 194
Mithrenes 205
Mithridates 48
Moses 48
Mt. Athos 126
Murashu family and archive 168–171
Mycale 131
battle of 132
Mysia 192
Mytilene 83, 206
Nabarzanes 214–215
Nabonidus 28, 29, 38, 39, 43, 44, 49, 75, 212
Nabopolassar 37, 74
Nakhtor 189
Naqsh-i Rustam 145–147
Naram-Sin 73, 74, 235
Naxos 85, 89
Nearchus 204
Nebuchadnezzar II 28, 29, 46, 63, 75, 136, 161, 162, 170
Nebuchadnezzar III 72
Nebuchadnezzar IV 72
Nectanebo I 190, 191
Nectanebo II 191, 196
Nehemiah 161–163
Nepherites I 190
Nidintu-Bel. See Nebuchadnezzar III
Nile River 6, 54, 55, 80, 82, 188, 195
Nimrud 25
Nineveh 24, 25, 30, 35, 38, 141, 210
Nippur 9, 26, 169
Nubia, Nubians 7, 55, 82, 109, 159
Ochus, son of Artaxerxes I 168, 170, 171
see also Darius II
Ochus, son of Artaxerxes II 193
see also Artaxerxes III
Odeion 167
Opis 44, 212
Oroites 78, 102
Orontas 178
Orontes 192
Ostanes 198
Otanes 66–67, 76–77
Oxathres 212
Oxyartes 217
Pactyes 41
Paeonians 82
Pamphylia 206
Paphlagonians 109
Parmenion 201, 213
Parnaka 105–106
Parsa 6, 39, 64, 69, 72, 119, 134, 141, 149, 151, 213
Parsua, Assyrian province of 20
Parthenon 167
Parthia, Parthians 7, 8, 39, 43, 53, 65, 69, 72, 218
Parysatis, daughter of Artaxerxes I 136, 169, 177, 180–181, 185, 241
Parysatis, daughter of Artaxerxes III 217
Pasargadae 7, 9, 20, 49, 54, 134, 137–140, 141, 145, 148–149, 171, 177, 183, 211, 213, 232, 239
Patizeithes 66
Pausanias 132
Peace of Callias 164–166
Perinthus 200
Persepolis 6, 9, 12, 16, 20, 21, 22, 37, 54, 82, 86, 92, 94, 103, 104, 105, 107, 111, 112, 115, 116, 117, 134, 140–147, 150, 151, 152, 154, 156, 158, 167, 183, 194, 211, 213–214, 215, 216, 232, 233
Persis. See Parsa
Pethahiah 162
Phaidymie 66, 78
Phaleron 89
Pharnabazus, nephew of Memnon 206, 207
Pharnabazus, satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia 173, 174, 178, 184–188, 190
Pharnaces. See Parnaka
Pharnacyas 168
Pherendates 196
Philip II 194, 199–201
Phocaea 42
Phoenicia, Phoenicians 7, 54, 125, 188, 194–195, 207–209
Phraortes, challenger to Darius I. See Fravartish
Phraortes, king of the Medes 33, 34
Phratagune 78
Phrygia, Phrygians 29, 103, 126, 238
Pisidia, Pisidians 177
Pissouthnes 165, 172, 181
Plataea, battle of 42, 110, 130, 131
Polycrates 54
Prexaspes 65–67
Priene 42
Prosopitis 159
Psammetichus III 54–55, 57, 159
Ptah 56
Razaundu 191
religion 118, 119, 151–156
Mazdaism 63, 124, 234
Zoroastrianism 151, 152, 227
Remus 48, 233
Rhodes 209
Rhoxane 217
roads 6, 102, 111–113
see also Khorasan Road; Royal Road; Silk Road
Romulus 48, 233
Roxane 241
royal ideology 11–12, 64, 98, 100, 119, 121, 124, 141, 147–151, 158, 211, 234
and ethnicity 147
royal paradise (gardens) 140, 182, 184
Royal Road 6, 103, 111, 237
see also roads
royal secretaries 102
Rustam 141, 145
Sabaces 209
Sagartia 72
Sais 57, 58, 190
Saka 53, 75, 98
see also Scythia, Scythians
Salamis 128–129, 131, 164, 188
Samaria 210
Samos 54, 68, 77, 85, 88, 89, 165
Sardis 6, 7, 30, 40–42, 78, 82, 84, 86–88, 103, 104, 111, 126, 129, 130, 163, 165, 172, 178, 183, 184, 187, 200, 205, 212
Sargon (I) of Akkad 48, 51
Sargon II 25
Sargon Legend 48
Sasanians 8, 218
satraps and satrapies 100–103
Scythia, Scythians 7, 30, 31, 33, 39, 43, 72, 75, 76, 80–82, 98, 113, 123, 127, 144, 214
see also Saka
Seleucids 8, 212, 218
Semiramis 136
Sennacherib 25
Shalmaneser III 20
Shamash-eriba 116
Shutruk-Nahhunte I 74
Shutruk-Nahhunte II 23
Sidon 194, 195, 208
Silk Road 112, 136
see also Khorasan Road; roads
Siniates 108
Sin-sharru-ishkun 37
Sippar 9, 29, 44, 74
Skudra 81
Skunkha 72, 75–76, 82
Smerdis 53, 65–67, 75, 78
see also Bardiya; Gaumata
Sogdia, Sogdians 82, 137
Sogdianus 168, 170
Spako 48
Spargapises 52–53
Sparta, Spartans 14, 85, 121, 124, 128, 166, 172–175, 184–187
Sphendadates. See Smerdis
Spithridates 205
Stateira, daughter of Darius III 217
Stateira, queen of Artaxerxes II 180–181, 193, 242
Strouses. See Struthas
Struthas 186
substitute-king ritual 75, 215, 238
Suez 80, 126
Susa 6, 9, 20, 22, 24, 35, 74, 79, 85, 86, 89, 103, 105, 111–112, 129, 134, 137, 147, 164, 172, 181, 182, 183, 185, 195, 211, 212, 213, 217
Syloson 68, 88
Tabalus 41
Tachos 191, 192
Tanyoxarkes. See Bardiya
Tarsus 88, 207
Teima 43
Teispes 36, 50, 65, 149
Tennes 195
Teritouchmes 241
Themistocles 129
Thermopylae, battle of 42, 127, 132, 213
Thrace, Thracians 81, 82, 83, 85–86, 88, 98, 120, 125–126, 133, 173, 177, 200–201
Tiglath-pileser III 25
Tigris River 6, 39, 111, 112, 210
Tiribazus 185–187, 193
Tiridates 213
Tissaphernes 172–174, 177–179, 184
Tithraustes 184
Tomyris 52
tribute 98–100
Troezen 128
Troy 205
tyrannos. See tyrants
tyrants 32, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89
Udjahorresnet 57–58
Umakishtar. See Cyaxeres
Umakush. See Artaxerxes III
umman-manda 29, 38
Ummanunu 74
Ur 9, 26, 50, 194
Urartu 26, 29, 40, 44
Uruk 9, 26, 176
Uxians 99, 213
Vahyazdata 69, 72, 75
Vivana 69
women 83, 94, 95, 107, 172, 180, 217, 236
royal women 94–95, 115
Xanthos 174
Xerxes 14, 17, 41, 81, 84, 85, 86, 90, 95, 98, 109, 110, 112, 114–133, 141, 142, 145, 147, 150, 154, 155, 157–159, 160, 166, 167, 184, 189, 197, 199, 200, 219, 238, 240, 241
Xerxes II 168
Zagros Mountains 6, 20, 21, 23, 24, 32, 64, 134, 211, 213
Zarathustra. See Zoroaster
Zendan 138, 145
Zoroaster 145, 151–153, 155
Zoroastrianism. See religion
