by Bill Yenne
Contribution of Air Power to the Defeat of Germany, The (USSTAF), 243
Cook, Bill, 222–223
Copes, Jan, 57
Cox, John, 145
Crook, Charles, 194–195, 196
Crown, Richard, 159
Crusade in Europe (Eisenhower), 54, 62
Dahl, Walter, 212–213
Daimler-Benz, 104, 155, 178, 213–214, 220
Daladier, Édouard (President), 17, 18
Davis, John, 220, 221
daylight bombing, 35, 36–37, 50, 51–52, 53, 55–56, 64, 68, 70, 114, 255, 259
D-Day (“Longest Day”), xiii–xvi, xix, 110, 141, 235, 236, 237–238, 239, 240, 259
Decision Over Schweinfurt (Coffey), 100
defining the mission, 73–80
DeHavilland Mosquitoes, 188, 198
Dempsey, Thomas, 166
Dennison, Gil, 181
Dick, Glen, 159
Dickey, Raymond, 203
Distinguished Service Crosses, 98, 182
Distinguished Unit Citations, 156, 182, 192, 210–211
Doenitz, Karl, 75, 269
Doherty, Robert E., 183, 223–224
D’Olier, Franklin Woolman, 270
Donovan, William J. “Wild Bill,” 42, 47
Doolittle, James Harold “Jimmy,” xviii
Big Week, 174, 175, 177, 196, 198, 204
collapse of Germany, 244
going to war, 29, 30–31
learning curve, 62, 63
Operation Argument, 138, 145
Operation Overlord, 239
post-WWII, 265, 268
Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo (movie), 265
Dornier Do 217s, 115
Douglas Aircraft, 21, 34, 77, 108, 109, 266, 273
Douhet, Giulio, 43
Draper, William Henry, Jr., 272–273
Dueben, Eugene, 167
Eaker, Ira Clarence, xviii
Big Week, 226
Black Week, xviii, 118
Casablanca Conference, 66–67, 76
collapse of Germany, 254
defining the mission, 73, 79
Enemy Objectives Units (EOU), 39
going deep at all costs, 96, 98, 102–103, 107
going to war, 32, 36
learning curve, 51, 52, 55, 56, 58, 63
Luftwaffe collapse, 125–126, 256–257
Operation Argument, 138, 146
Operation Pointblank, 83
post-WWII, 266, 272
substance vs. promise, 63, 66–67, 70
Earle, Edward, 82, 83
East Anglia, 33, 39, 77, 96, 100, 109, 111, 112, 119, 120, 146, 147, 148, 149, 154, 163, 169, 175, 218, 259
economists of EOU, 46, 48
Eighth Air Force, x, xvi–xvii. See also Anderson, Frederick Lewis, Jr.; Big Week; Eaker, Ira Clarence; Mathies, Archie; Nelson, Clarence Richard, Jr. “Dick”; US Army Air Forces (USAAF); Williamson, Charles Glendon “Glen”
Black Week, 111, 112, 113–114, 115–116, 121
collapse of Germany, 239, 244, 254, 255
crews, 76–77, 79, 133, 134, 135, 136, 150, 186, 196, 197–198
defining the mission, 73–74, 75, 76–77, 77–78, 79–80
Enemy Objectives Units (EOU), 39, 44, 45–46
fighter escorts (“little friends”), 77–78, 79, 90, 110, 117, 118, 124
Fourth of July bombing mission, 37–38, 51, 52
going deep at all costs, 95, 96, 97, 98, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107
going to war, 31, 32, 33, 34–35, 37–38
learning curve, 51–52, 53, 54–55, 56, 59–60, 61, 62–63
loss rate, 66, 91, 104, 113, 124, 126, 128, 184, 195, 214, 216, 225, 245, 256
maintenance problems, 59, 103, 130
Operation Argument, 136, 137, 138–139, 142
Operation Pointblank, 81, 83, 86–87, 87–88, 88–89, 90, 91
Operation Torch, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 66, 129
RAF vs., 32, 33, 54–55, 66–67, 77, 79, 102
substance vs. promise, 66–67, 68–69, 71
“targets of opportunity,” 104, 192
turning point, grasping for, 130, 132, 133, 134, 135
U-boat campaign, 58, 59, 64, 66, 73, 75–76, 78, 80, 84–85, 106, 112, 113
weather impact on, 59, 66, 73, 76, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 106, 118, 124, 126, 129, 141–142, 143–145, 231
Eisenhower, Dwight David
Anglo-American Allied Forces Headquarters (AFHQ), 62
collapse of Germany, 239
Crusade in Europe, 54, 62
Enemy Objectives Units (EOU), 46
European Theater of Operations, US Army (ETOUSA), 33
learning curve, 53–54, 56, 57, 58, 62, 63
Operation Overlord, 136–137, 233, 236, 237, 238, 268
Operation Torch, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 63
Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), 136–137, 233, 272
VE-Day, 259
Eisenhower, Dwight David (President), 272
Enemy Objectives Units (EOU), 39–48, 259–260. See also Hughes, Richard D’Oyly “Dick”; Rostow, Walt Whitman
European Theater of Operations (ETO), 29, 32, 33, 63, 76, 77, 128, 132, 133, 138, 184, 250
Evans, Ira, 158, 211
Fagg, John, 230, 240, 242, 243–244, 254, 255, 258
Fayers-Hallin, Linda and Vic, 176
Ferber (Lieutenant), 201
Ferelli, Johnny, 2, 3–4
Ferguson, Arthur B.
Big Week, 176, 188, 215–216, 224, 225
Black Week, 113, 115, 118
collapse of Germany, 241, 242
defining the mission, 77, 79–80
going deep at all costs, 97, 100, 105, 107–108
learning curve, 52, 53, 54, 55–56
Operation Argument, 137, 139, 143, 145
Operation Overlord, 228–229, 230
Operation Pointblank, 83, 84, 87
substance vs. promise, 66, 70–71
turning point, grasping for, 127, 128
Festung Europa (“Fortress Europe”), 27, 28, 35, 37, 45, 51, 63, 85, 99, 114, 136, 155, 173, 189, 198. See also Germany
Fifteenth Air Force. See also US Army Air Forces (USAAF)
Big Week, 183, 188, 193, 194, 196, 198–203, 205, 213–214, 219, 224, 225, 226, 229
casualties, 203
collapse of Germany, 239, 244, 254, 255
Enemy Objectives Units (EOU), 44
going deep at all costs, 109
going to war, 32
learning curve, 63
loss rate, 195
Operation Argument, 137, 138–139, 140, 145–146
turning point, grasping for, 129–130, 133
fighter escorts (“little friends”)
Big Week, 148, 155, 156, 182, 184, 189, 190, 192, 195, 203, 208, 209, 213, 217, 218–219, 229, 230–231
Eighth Air Force, 77–78, 79, 90, 110, 117, 118, 124
need for, 124, 225, 258
First 1,100 Bombers Dispatched, The (Ferguson), 55
First American-British-Canadian (ABC-1) staff conferences, 26, 29
First and the Last, The (Galland), 257
First Day of the Blitz, The (Stansky), 206
First World War. See World War I
Fisher, James, 225
Flint, Harold, 169, 171
Flying Fortresses, xiii–xiv, xvi. See also Royal Air Force (RAF); US Army Air Forces (USAAF)
air war preparation, 21–22, 24
AN/APS-15 radar, 107, 159, 273
armament of, 34, 60, 61–62, 108–109
B-17Bs, 22
B-17Cs, 22
B-17Ds, 22
B-17Es, 34, 61
B-17Fs, 34, 61, 109
B-17Gs, 61, 108–109, 134, 149, 153, 206
defining the mission, 76
first mission, 51
going to war, 25, 29, 33–34, 34, 38
H2S radar, 106–107, 107–108, 111, 184
head-on attack weakness, 61, 62, 108
learning curve, 55
nose improvements, 34, 61–62, 108–109
Operation Pointblank, 94
Pathfinders, 106, 107–108, 157, 159, 184, 273
turning point, grasping for, 132–133
Y1B-17, 22
Focke-Wulf factories, 78, 90, 93, 111, 113, 156, 185, 207, 213
Folck, Alfred (Lieutenant), 193
Ford, Bill, 183
Ford Motor Company, 34–35, 108
formation disruption by Luftwaffe, 74, 78, 79, 86–87, 115
Fox, Frank, 193
France: The Dark Years (Jackson), 91
France/French, 16, 17, 18, 27, 46, 53, 90–91, 264
Frankfurt (light cruiser), 14
Frankland, Noble, 89
From Apes to Warlords and Monkeys, Men and Missiles (Zuckerman), 267
Futrell, Robert, 24
Fw-190s, 74, 78, 87, 93, 112, 113, 114, 120, 150, 156, 157–158, 162, 167, 181, 182, 185, 194, 199, 209, 212, 213, 214, 219, 250, 252
Fw-200s, 23, 34, 102
Gaither, Horace Rowan, Jr., 273
Galbraith, John Kenneth, 69–70, 241, 270
Galland, Adolf, 92–93, 230, 253, 257
Gates, Byron, 81–82
Gavotti, Giulio, 9–10, 11
General Ike (bomber), 220
George, Harold L. “Hal,” xviii, 23–24, 50
German Anti-Friction Bearings Industry, The, 121
Germany. See also Hitler, Adolf; Luftwaffe; Speer, Albert; World War II; specific industry targets
air war, 16
anti-aircraft fire on bombers, 75, 78
Ardennes Offensive, 247, 248–251
blitzkrieg (lightning war), 18, 19, 27
collapse of, 239–260
expansion by, 16–19, 27–38, 30, 40
HALPRO mission by America, 30, 45
long-range aircraft ignored by, 23
morale (German) target, 36, 67, 130, 131
precision raids, ignoring, 55–56
propaganda, 232
slave labor used by, 268–269
Soviet Union vs., 27–28, 30, 105
Stalag Luft system, 224
surrender of, 264–265
Treaty of Versailles impact, 15–16, 178
Ultra decryptions of messages, 237
underground facilities, 243, 252, 255, 268
“V Weapons,” 105–106
war machine, 18, 28, 29, 41, 44–45, 48, 68, 69–70, 127, 203, 251–252, 253, 258
World War I, 10, 12, 15–16, 18, 130
Gillett, Harry, 200
Glove (Sergeant), 201
Glunz, Adolf “Addi,” 182, 190, 194
Gneisenau (German battlecruiser), 7
Gobrecht, Harry, 179, 195
going deep at all costs, 95–109
going to war, 25–28
Goldstein, Richard, 173
Gone with the Wind (film), 144
Good (Lieutenant), 209–210
Göring, Hermann, 19, 89, 90, 92–93, 120, 202, 252, 253, 257
Gothaer Waggonfabrik (GWF), 154, 188, 189, 207–212, 215–216
“Greatest Generation,” 1–2, 40, 273–274
Gresham, Walter, 62
Grice, Marvin, 199, 202
ground-scanning radar, 106–107, 107–108, 111, 159, 273
H2S radar, 106–107, 107–108, 111, 184
Hackl, Anton “Toni,” 212
Hagbo, Magnus “Mac,” 134, 152
Halifaxes, 22, 35, 177
Halverson, Harry “Hurry-Up,” 30–31
Hamburg, 89, 90, 102, 113, 131, 132, 178, 239
Hamilton, Fowler, 82
Hansell, Haywood S. “Possum,” xviii, 23–24, 40, 41, 42, 50, 99, 265–266
Hanson, Harry, 200
Harbour, Ken, 181
Harper, Kristine, 144
Harris, Arthur Travers “Bomber”
Battle of Berlin, 131–132
Big Week, 177–178
collapse of Germany, 244
going to war, 28, 36
morale (German) target, 36, 67, 130, 131
Operation Overlord, 235
Operation Pointblank, 89, 90
post-WWII, 267
substance vs. promise, 64
turning point, grasping for, 130
Harris, George, 119, 190
Harris, Peter, 181
Harry the Horse (bomber), 199, 201, 202
Havelaar, Marion, 220
Hawkins, Ian, 207, 209–210
He-111 bombers, 179
head-on attacks by Luftwaffe, 61, 62, 74, 75, 87, 108, 164
Hearst, William Randolph, Jr., 249–250
Hendrix, Glynn, 200–201
Hendryx, Happy, 220
Hermichen, Rolf-Günther, 168
Hewlett, Bill, 273
Hitler, Adolf, xiv, xv. See also Germany
air war, 16–17, 18
“barbarians,” Americans, 254
Braun (Hitler’s wife), 257
collapse of Germany, 252
jet fighters sabotaged by, 252–253
Mein Kampf (My Struggle), 16
Operation Pointblank, 89, 92–93
suicide of, 257
Wolfsschanze (“Wolf’s Lair”), 120
HMS E11 and Glorious, 7
Hodges, Courtney, 246, 247
Honerkamp, Rosaline, 47
Hoover, J. Edgar, 41
Hopkins, Harry, 49
Hughes, Guy D’Oyly (Dick’s brother), 7, 8
Hughes, Richard D’Oyly “Dick,” xviii
background of, 6–8, 7, 40, 41, 46, 48, 71
Battle of the Bulge, 247, 249–250, 251
Big Week, 174, 175, 176, 185, 193, 195, 196, 214, 218, 219–220, 226, 231
Black Week, 114, 116, 124
defining the mission, 73, 78, 80
Enemy Objectives Units (EOU), 40–48
going deep at all costs, 95, 96–97, 98, 99, 100, 102–103, 104
learning curve, 45–46, 49, 52, 58, 63
obsessed by “sending young men to their deaths,” 63, 97–98, 110, 124
Operation Argument, 138, 139–140, 140, 141, 142
Operation Overlord, 232–233, 234–235, 235–236, 237, 238, 239
Operation Pointblank, 85, 86, 94
post-WWII, 268–269, 270–271, 271
substance vs. promise, 67, 69, 70, 72, 78
target selection principles, 67–68
turning point, grasping for, 127
Huntzinger, Edward, 157
Huston, John, 37
Ideas, Concepts, Doctrine (Futrell), 24
Incredible 305th, The (Morrison), 164
Index Figures for German Armaments End Products, 69
Initial Point (IP) of bombing run, 115, 119, 191, 200, 206, 209
Iron Cross First Class, 78
Italy, 17, 63, 129–130, 146, 183, 236, 239, 257
Jackson, Julian, 91
Japan, 24, 27, 29, 30, 44–45, 62, 264–265, 265, 266
jet bombers, 265
jet fighters, 252–253, 256–257
Johnson, John, 157
Johnson, Lyndon (President), 40, 272
Ju-88s, 74, 115, 139, 150, 156, 185, 209
Junck, Werner, 238
Junkers factories, 139, 149–150, 185, 195
Justice, Jack, 115–116
Kaufman, Vernon, 181
Kaufmann, Gauleiter, 89
Keilman, Myron, 207, 209–210
Keitel, William, 259
Kennedy, John F. (President), 40, 272
Kennedy, Joseph P., 46
Kindleberger, Charles Poor “Charlie,” 47, 78, 83, 268–269, 271–272
King, Ernest, 49
Kinney, William, 180–181
Kirchmayr, Rüdiger von, 182, 212
Knights Cross, 78
Knoke, Heinz, 74
Knudsen, George, 223
Kogelman, Al, 181
KO Katy (bomber), 192, 193
Konecny, John, 201
Konsynski, Ben, 199–200, 201
Kreigs
marine, 7, 57, 58, 75, 113
Krick, Irving P., 143–145, 177, 184, 185, 198, 204, 267–268
Kricke, Dan, 183
Kuter, Laurence Sherman, xviii
air war preparation, 23–24
D-Day, xiii–xvi, xix, 238, 266–267
going deep at all costs, 99
learning curve, 50
post-WWII, 266–267
Lamont, Thomas, 82
Lancasters, 35, 177
“Last Flight of a Flying Fortress, The” (Breitenbach), 195
Lawley, William Robert “Bill,” xviii, 163, 164, 165–166, 172–173, 186, 263–264
Leahy, William, 49–50
learning curve, 49–63
LeDoux, Elzia, 170, 171
Lee, Wright, 150, 208–209, 210, 211, 216–217
Leigh-Mallory, Sir Trafford
Big Week, 189
going deep at all costs, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103–104
learning curve, 52
Operation Argument, 137
Operation Overlord, 234, 235, 238
post-WWII, 265, 266, 267
Leipzig, 139, 148, 149, 150, 158, 159, 160, 163, 164, 169, 175–176, 274
LeMay, Curtis Emerson, xviii
Big Week, 189
going deep at all costs, 96–97, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103–104
post-WWII, 265, 266, 267
Lend-Lease Act, 26, 31, 38
LeStrange, Richard, 157–158, 223
Liberandos, The (Walker), 193
Liberators. See also Royal Air Force (RAF); US Army Air Forces (USAAF)
air war preparation, 22, 24
armament of, 34, 108
B-24Ds, 22, 30, 34, 35, 61
B-24Es, 35
B-24Gs, 108
B-24Hs, 61, 108
B-24Js, 61, 108
Big Week, 179, 180, 182, 189, 199, 201, 202
defining the mission, 76
going deep at all costs, 108
going to war, 25, 29, 33–34, 35
head-on attack weakness, 61, 62, 108
learning curve, 55
nose turrets for, 61–62, 108
turning point, grasping for, 132, 133
Lightnings (P-38s), 117–118, 155, 184, 203, 213, 217, 218–219
Little Duchess (bomber), 214
“local defenders,” 158, 160, 166
Lockhart, L. V., 202
Lockheed P-38 Lightnings, 117–118, 155, 184, 203, 213, 217, 218–219
Lockheed-Vega, 34, 77, 109
London Blitz, 19, 36, 89–90, 132, 179, 196, 206
long-range aircraft, 23
long-range strategic missions, 12, 21
Loose Goose (bomber), 225
Lovett, Robert A., 114, 254
lowering wheels (surrender), 211
Luftwaffe, xiv, xv. See also specific Operations
ace point system, 78–79
airbase targets, 178, 179, 180, 181–182, 184, 188, 224
air superiority, xiv, 14, 18, 23, 28, 74, 83, 86, 87, 90, 109, 125, 126–127, 214, 228, 230, 232
air war preparation, 18, 19, 23
casualties, 19, 74, 112, 113, 115, 120, 176, 184, 195, 203, 208, 229–230, 230, 231, 251, 256
