Schmittberger, Max, 89
Schomburg, Arthur, 38–39, 75, 106, 230
Schultz, Dutch, 205, 214, 215, 218–20
Schuyler, George, 153
Seabury, Samuel, 213
segregation. See Jim Crow segregation
separate but equal accommodations. See Brown v. Board of Education (1954); Jim Crow segregation; Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Sergeants Benevolent Association, 145
Shapiro, Jacob “Gurrah,” 226
Shuffle Along (musical), 163
Silent Protest Parade, 116
Sims, George, 48, 115, 228
Singleton, William, 160
Sissle, Noble, 41, 113, 119, 128, 163
slavery: in New Bern, NC, 10; in New York, 18–19
Small’s Paradise, 152, 174
Smart, James, 273
Smith, Ada Beatrice Queen Victoria Louisa Virginia (“Bricktop”), 174–76
Smith, Isaac H., 233–35
Smith, James, 181
Smith, Willie “The Lion,” 41
Smothergill, Alverstone, 278
Sojourner Truth Homes, 265–66
Spanish-American War, 14, 38, 53, 90, 111, 222
speakeasies, 156, 159
Special Service Division, 147–50, 156, 158–60, 171–78
Springfield, Illinois, white-on-black racial violence in, 58–59
St. Clair, Stephanie, 219, 220
Stewart, Abraham, 93–94, 96
Stewart, T. McCants, 31
Stimson, Henry, 262
stock market crash, 209
Strausner, Anton, 100
Straw Hat Riot, 132–34
Street Scenes (opera), 136
Strivers Row, 162–65
Strode, Woody, 258
The Stroll, 151
Stuyvesant Town, 267
Sufi, Abdul Hamid, 230
Sullivan, “Big Tim,” 144, 145
Sullivan, John L., 62
Tammany Hall: background of, 140–41; Herbert Bruce and, 244–45; “Honest Dan” Costigan and, 146; William “Big Bill” Devery and, 141–45; Fiorello La Guardia and, 213; Edward E. “Chief” Lee and, 65; George V. McLaughlin and, 187; Charles Francis Murphy and, 148; and NYPD, 21, 90; Roths (Joseph and Herbert) and, 191; Charles Thorley and, 44, 126; James “Jimmy” Walker and, 184; Baron Deware Wilkins and, 40, 171–74, 177
Tandy, Vertner, 163
Taylor, Alexander, 23
Taylor, Nancy Battle, 15, 23, 37
Tenderloin District (New York), 20, 21–22, 40–41
tenements, 18, 48–49
Thomas, J. C., 60, 72, 89
Thompson, William, 182
Thorley, Charles, 44–45, 83, 124, 126, 155
Thorpe, Robert, 24–25, 47
369th Infantry, 122–23, 125–26, 127–29
Truman, Harry, 152, 282
Turf Club, 204, 205
Turner, Haynes, 129–30
Turner, Mary, 129–30
“turnkeys,” 72
Tuskegee Institute, 26
Tweed, William Marcy “Boss,” 141
20th Century Limited (train), 52, 61, 63, 70
Twenty-Fourth Infantry, 118–20
Union Baptist Church, 48, 115
United Colored Democracy, 65, 72
United Negro Improvement Association, 151–52
Urban League, 263, 285, 288
Valentine, Lewis: and black recruits to NYPD, 263, 270–71; Richard E. Enright and, 146; and Harlem riots, 240–41, 244, 268; and integration of Baltimore Police Department, 254; and Fiorello La Guardia, 224; and nightstick justice, 237–38
Van Wyck, Robert, 145
vaudeville, 60, 196–97
Villard, Oswald Garrison, 61, 237, 241
Volstead Act (1920), 156
Vulcans, 255, 275–76
Waco, Texas, lynching, 110
Wagner, Robert F., 198
Walcott, Joe, 40
Waldo, Rhinelander, 74, 78–79, 95
Walker, A’Lelia, 152, 186, 209–10
Walker, C. J. (Madame), 152
Walker, George, 39, 52, 60
Walker, James “Jimmy,” 184–85, 187, 198, 210, 213, 215
Walling, William English, 59, 60–61
Walsh, Patrick, 274–77
Walters, Alexander, 41–42, 61, 90, 98
Washington, Booker Taliaferro, 25–28, 31, 53, 64, 74–75, 290
Washington, Jesse, 110
Washington, Kenny, 258
Webber, George, 205
Weinberg, George, 219
Wells, Ida B., 30
Werner, M. R., 148
Wesley, James, 54
Wexler, Irving “Waxey Gordon,” 157
Whaley, Frank, 168
Wheaton, J. Frank, 59, 72, 74, 75, 90, 109, 111
White, George H., 206
White, Nate, 87
White, Philip A., 31
White, Stanford, 162
White, Walter, 227–28, 252, 262, 267, 268–70
white-on-black racial violence: between 1885 and 1914, 105; in 1930s, 252; in 1943, 265–71; in The Birth of a Nation, 104; in East St. Louis, Illinois, 114–15; and Henry Wills, 164; and Jack Johnson, 69; in New York, 49, 91, 115, 132–34; protest against, 116; in Waco, Texas, 110; after World War I, 129–30, 131–34
white supremacists, 13
Whitman, Charles, 109–11, 112, 128
whooping cough, 150
Wilkins, Baron Deware, 40, 41, 63, 68, 69, 70, 171–78, 179–82
Wilkins, Leroy, 172
Willemse, Cornelius, 137–38, 147
Williams, Bert, 39, 52, 59–60, 72, 90, 109, 111, 113
Williams, Charles, 106, 120
Williams, Gertrude, 54, 106
Williams, James, 120, 286
Williams, James H.: and appointment of Wesley Williams to New York Fire Department, 126; background of, 43–45; Harlem apartment of, 54; and Jack Johnson, 70; move to Williamsbridge, 97–98, 106; and promotion of Wesley Williams, 197–98; and redcaps, 43–46, 197; and Charles Thorley, 44–45, 83
Williams, John Wesley, 44
Williams, Leroy, 54
Williams, Lucy Metresh, 44, 54, 97–98
Williams, Margaret Russell Ford, 101, 103, 106, 120
Williams, Wesley Augustus: appointment to New York Fire Department, 123–25; and Carroll Battle, 258–59; birth of, 44; as boxer, 178–79; childhood of, 54, 71, 97–98; danger faced by, 130, 182, 216; as driver of fire engine, 139–40; at Engine Company 55, 126–27; founding of Vulcans, 255; harassment of, 130–31, 279–80; and integration of New York Fire Department, 120–21, 275–77; marriage of, 106; as probationary firefighter, 138–39; promotion to battalion chief, 254–55; promotion to captain, 217, 237; promotion to lieutenant, 182, 183, 197–99; retirement of, 286; transfer closer to home, 274–75; and Vulcans, 256; work for US Post Office, 106; work on subway tunnel, 100–103
Williamsbridge (Bronx, New York), 98, 105–6
Wills, Harry, 163–64, 171
Wilson, J. Finley, 206
Wilson, Woodrow: and black military regiment, 103–4, 112; at Grand Central Station, 52; and Houston riot, 119; and Jim Crow segregation, 98–99; and Silent Protest Parade, 116; and World War I, 109, 113, 222; at Yale University, 28
Wings Over Jordan (radio show), 261
women in NYPD, 147–48
Wood, Robert N., 72, 75
Woods, Arthur, 117
Woodson, John, 124–25
World War I, 103–4, 110–14, 118–20, 121–23, 127–29
World War II, 261–65
Wright, Louis Tompkins, 164–65, 181, 207, 211, 256
Wright, Richard, 136
Yale University, 25, 28
YMCA, Colored Men’s Branch of, 71, 125, 179
Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA), 250
Zabutinski, Abraham, 238
BEACON PRESS
Boston, Massachusetts
www.beacon.org
Beacon Press books are published under the auspices of the Unitarian U
niversalist Association of Congregations.
© 2015 by Arthur Browne
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
18 17 16 15 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This book is printed on acid-free paper that meets the uncoated paper ANSI/NISO specifications for permanence as revised in 1992.
Text design and composition by Kim Arney
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Browne, Arthur.
One righteous man : Samuel Battle and the shattering of the color line in New York / Arthur Browne.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
eISBN 978-0-8070-1261-1 (ebook)
ISBN 978-0-8070-1260-4 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Battle, Samuel J., 1883-1966. 2. African American police—New York (State)—New York—Biography. 3. Police—
New York (State)—New York—Biography. 4. New York (N.Y.) Police Department—Biography. 5. New York (N.Y.)—
Race relations. I. Title.
HV7911.B38B76 2015
363.2092—dc23
[B]
2014043794
One Righteous Man : Samuel Battle and the Shattering of the Color Line in New York (9780807012611) Page 38
