bald eagle, 224–30, 292n
Bald Eagle Protection Act, 230
Baldwin, Roger, 227
Ball, Witt, 3
Ballinger, Richard
feud with Pinchot over development of Alaska, 75–80, 110, 314
after Pinchot’s firing, 82
Taft appoints as secretary of the interior, 74–75
Bambi: A Life in the Woods (film), 347–48, 356
Barefooters, 417–21, 424
Barnette, E. T., 265
Bartlett, E. L. “Bob,” 476, 477, 489, 490–91
Bartsch, Paul, 88
Basho, 135
Bass, Rick, 456
Bates, Claude. See Asaiah, Brother
Baxter State Park, 146
Beach, Rex, 34–35
Bear Glacier, Kent’s paintings of, 186–88
Beard, Daniel, 101–2, 146
bears, 123–24, 160–61, 210, 281–82
beat generation, in Alaska, 415–21. See also Ginsberg, Allen; Kerouac, Jack
Beebe, Frank, 391
Beebe, William, 204
Bella Bellas, 31
Bellows, George, 188
Benchley, Robert, 198
Benedict, Ruth, 250
Berg, Andrew, 129
Bergere, Estella, 214
Bering Sea, 14–15, 26–27, 30
Bering Strait Land Bridge National Preserve, 27, 33
“Berry Feast, A” (Snyder), 392, 402, 407
Bierstadt, Albert, 185–86
Big Burn, The (Eagan), 73
Big Sur (Kerouac), 424
bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), 164
“Billy Possums,” 100–101
Bird, Isabella, 450
birds, 28, 36, 132, 151
bird-banding movement, 88
Duck Stamp Act and, 317–18
Hornaday on loss of species, 149
refuges and reservations for, 52, 62–64, 158–59, 173, 214
T. Roosevelt and, 62–64, 87–88, 156–58
bison, 151
black bear (Ursus americanus), 161
black-billed magpie (Pica hudsonia), 197
black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), 88
Black Mountain, 12
black turnstones (Arenaria melanocephala), 63
Blatchley, Willis Stanley, 106–7
blue bear (Ursus arctos pruinosus), 161
Bob Marshall Wilderness, 262, 262n
Bogoslof Island, 159
Book-Lover’s Holidays in the Open, A (Roosevelt), 165, 173
Book of the American Woodcock, The (Sheldon), 209
Boone and Crocket Club, 77, 102, 158, 459
brown bears and, 156
data collection on Alaska’s game animals, 176–77
Hornaday and, 95–96, 150
membership of, 210
Mount McKinley National Park and, 140, 142, 143
Sheldon and, 129, 132
T. Roosevelt and, 39, 41, 205
Borglum, Gutzon, 222
Boy Scouts of America, 101–3, 144
Brady, John G., 42–44, 48, 57
Branson, Jim, 439
Breaking New Ground (Pinchot), 84, 158
Brewer, William, 16
Brinton, Christian, Kent’s letter to, 196
bristle-thighed curlew (Numenius tahitiensis), 63
Bristol Bay, 145
Bronx Zoo, 96, 149, 151. See also New York Zoological Society
Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 143
Brooks, Alfred Hulse, 36, 239
Brooks, Paul, 36
Brooks Range, Marshall in, 239–42, 245–47, 260–61
Brower, David, 207, 366, 383–84, 394, 458
Brown, Nelson, 251–52
Brown, Raymond J., 347
brown bears, 123–24, 135–36, 141, 156
Browne, Belmore, 141–42
Bryce Canyon National Park, 222
Buckner, Simon, 342
Buddhism
Douglas and, 302
Ginsberg and, 415
Kent and, 192, 196
Matthiessen and, 438
Snyder and, 392–93, 395, 399
buffalo, 96
Buffalo Bill, 172
bull moose (Alces alces), 39, 108–9, 134
Bull Moose Party, 116–20, 207
Bulletin of the American Geographical Society, 64
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 111
Bulloch, Seth, 106
Burns, Ken, 326
Burroughs, John, 44, 417
death of, 208, 211
Harriman Expedition and, 16–17, 53
T. Roosevelt and, 40, 207–8
Busch, Briton Cooper, 97–98
Call of the Wild, The (London), 51, 58, 141, 293
Camp Denali, 338, 340–41, 481, 483, 484
Camp Fire Club of America (CFCA), 37, 95–97, 151–52, 174, 316, 459
fishing and, 147, 153
Macnab and Vreeland in Lake Clark area and, 180–82
membership of, 144
Mount McKinley National Park, 140, 142
Sheldon and, 129, 132, 143
Canada goose (Branta canadensis leucopareia), 88, 198
canneries. See fish and fishing
Cannon, Joseph, 115
Canoeing Up Carbarga Creek: Buddhist Poems 1955–1986 (Whalen), 397
Capra, Doug, 200
Captive Wild (L. Crisler), 354
caribou (Rangifer tarandus), 39, 122, 134, 316, 352, 371
A. Murie’s study of, 281
Arctic NWR and, 456, 459–61, 469, 471
in Arctic Range, 374, 375
Gwich’in people and, 130–31, 369–70
O. Murie’s study of, 273–79, 281
Project Chariot and, 405–6
at Sheenjek River, 359–60
T. Roosevelt and Hornaday’s work to protect, 153
Caribou Rising (Bass), 456
Carithers, J. F., 476
Carolina parakeet (Conuropsis carolinensis), 153
Carson, Rachel, 300, 351–52, 353, 421, 436, 448–50, 452, 459–60, 499
Carson National Forest, New Mexico, 163, 166
Carter, Jimmy, 263, 496n
Cassady, Neal, 400
Catlin, George, 437
Cavanaugh: Forest Ranger (Garland), 90–91
Century, 12
Cerf, Bennett, 200
Chambers, Whitaker, 347
Chapman, Frank M., 37, 227
Charles Sheldon Antelope Refuge, 222–23
Chase, William Merritt, 188
cheechakos (miners), 52
Cheechakos, The (film), 228
Chicago Post, 198
Chigmit Mountains, 145
Chilkat Tlingit. See Tlingit
Chugach National Forest, 38, 107, 162
Alaskans’ opinion of, 30, 111
size of, 56, 60
T. Roosevelt and creation of, 61, 62
threats to, 72, 76, 78, 79, 81, 91–92, 104, 166, 206
World War II and, 294, 322
Chukchi Sea, 25–27, 30, 154, 409
City Light Books, 402, 407, 408, 411, 413
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), 252, 256, 315
Clark, John C. W., 178–79
Clark, Walter Eli, 156
clear cutting. See forest preservation
Cleveland Press, 110–11
coal mining, 105, 109–11, 219
Coal Party, 109
Coast Range, 134
Coates, Peter A., 79, 105
Cole, Leon J., 40
College Fjord, 17, 18
Collier’s, 78, 81
Collins, George L., 364, 382
Arctic NWR and, 455, 458, 462–64
Arctic Range and, 360–62, 364, 366–67, 369–70, 385
background, 365–66
on Douglas, 385
on Rhode, 467
Colp, Douglas, 474
Colvin, Verplank, 234
common loon (Gavia immer), 62
Connell, Wi
lliam, 49
Conquest of Mount McKinley, The (Browne), 141–42
“conservation colonialism,” 110
Conservation Fund, 373, 470
Cook Inlet, 145
Coolidge, Calvin, 221–22
Cooper, William Skinner, 210, 222, 316
Copper Mountain, 105
Copper River Delta, 57
Copper River and Northern Railway, 76, 104, 109, 220
Cordova Daily Alaskan, 80
Cougar of Olympic National Park, The (A. Murie), 299
coyote (Canis latrans), 406–7
Craighead, Charles, 265
Crick, Francis, 408
“Crisis in Conservation: Serious Danger of Extinction of Many North American Birds, A” (Van Name, Miller, and Quinn), 226–27
Crisler, Herb, 343, 348–54, 356, 372
Arctic NWR and, 466, 467
Disney films and, 445–47
Crisler, Lois, 343, 348–54, 356, 371, 372
Arctic NWR and, 458–61, 466, 467, 496
Arctic Wild memoir, 350–51, 353, 445–47, 448, 451
Carson and, 448, 450
Disney films and, 445–47
wolves and, 446–47, 458–59
Crow, F. L., 157
Cruise of the Corwin, The (Muir), 15, 29, 178, 429
Culmer, Henry, 193
Cummings, Jesse, 164
Curtis, Edward S., 16, 30–31, 45–47, 147, 324, 439
Curwood, James Oliver, 92–93
Dall, William Healey, 16, 33–34, 39, 64, 278
Dall limpet, 39
Dall sheep (Ovis dalli), 30, 34, 39, 127–28, 153
Sheldon’s study of, 129–30, 133, 138
wolves and, 285–86, 292–93, 297, 298–99
Dall’s porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli), 34, 39
Dalton, Kathleen, 101
dams, 357, 378–79
Dinosaur National Monument, 283, 383–84, 454, 472
Glen Canyon, 365–66
Hetch Hetchy and, 93–94, 166–67, 303, 384
Ross, 391
Darling, F. Fraser, 360, 363
Darling, Jay Norwood “Ding,” 315, 317–18
Darwin, Charles, 106, 113, 153, 280–81
Davidson, Mercedes Hester, 375, 376
Davy Crockett: King of the Wild Frontier (film), 444–45
DDT, 225, 230, 300, 304, 448–50, 452
Debs, Eugene, 118, 120
deer, Bambi and effect on sport hunting, 347–48, 356
Denali. See Camp Denali; Mount McKinley; Mount McKinley National Park
Denmark, 88
Desert Solitaire (Abbey), 282
De Voto, Bernard, 327–28, 332
DeWeese, Dall, 39
Dewey, Melvil, 232
Dharma Bums, The (Kerouac), 387, 396, 402, 414, 422–23
Dice, Lee R., 289–90, 291, 300
Dinosaur National Monument, 283, 383–84, 454, 472
Disney, Roy, 346
Disney, Walt
Alaskan seals and, 343–47, 356
Arctic NWR and, 496
Bambi and deer hunting, 347–48, 356
Crislers’ films and, 348–54, 356, 371
proposed Mineral King resort and, 305–7
ramblers’ rights and, 444–45
White Wilderness, 228, 354, 363, 445–47
World War II and, 339, 342–43
Disney Version, The (Schickel), 346
dogsledding, 268–69
Dos Passos, John, 422
Douglas, Julia Fisk, 307–8
Douglas, Mildred Riddle, 312
Douglas, Reverend William, 307–8
Douglas, William O., 282–83, 353, 354, 363, 388, 447, 473
on Alaska Wilderness, 355–56
Arctic NWR and, 479–82, 491–92, 496–99, 496n
on Arctic Wild, 350–51
background and education, 303, 307–13
Carson and, 448–49
character and Supreme Court service, 376–80
conservation and, 302–7, 319–22
Ginsberg and, 403
on science, 496
Sheenjek Expedition and, 381–86
Dragon and the Unicorn, The (Rexroth), 398
Duck Island, 159
Duck Stamp Act, 317–18
Dufresne, Frank, 29, 215–16, 367
Dulles, John Foster, 313
Duncan, Dayton, 326
Dunlap, Thomas R., 301
Durbin, Kathie, 59
Dutcher, William, 149
Eagan, Timothy, 73
Eagan, William A., 490, 494
eagles. See bald eagle
Earth House Hold (Snyder), 392, 455
Ecologists Union, 300–301
Ecology of the Coyote in Yellowstone, The (A. Murie), 281, 285, 288, 290
Edge, Rosalie, 225–29
Edge of the Sea (Carson), 451
Edward VII, king of England, 86
Eicholz, Mercedes, 481, 491
Einstein, Albert, 404
Eisenhower, Dwight D., and administration
Alaskan development and, 362–63
Alaskan statehood issues, 471, 474–75, 476
appointments, 383
Arctic NWR and, 472–73, 490, 493–96
Arctic Range and, 374, 385, 451
Disney and, 356
Glen Canyon Dam, 366
Project Chariot, 406
Saint Lawrence Seaway, 362
Seaton and, 465–66
election of 1910, 103, 106
election of 1912
Alaskans unable to vote in, 117
T. Roosevelt and, 98, 107, 111–12, 115–20
election of 1960, 490–91
Eliot, Charles W., 77, 235–36
elk, 39, 122n, 127, 280–81, 348–49
Elk of North America (O. Murie), 454
Elliot, Henry Wood, 36, 152
Emergency Conservation Committee (ECC), 227
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 1–2, 479
Emmons, George T., 54–56
Endangered Species Acts, 150
“Energy Is Eternal Twilight” (Snyder), 357–58, 409
Engberg, Robert, 20
Erigeron muirii (Muir’s fleabane), 15
eskimo dogs (malamutes), 141–42
Eskimo people, 26, 46. See also specific groups
ethology, 300–301
Études sur les glaciers (Agassiz), 2
Evergreen (journal), 380
Examples: The Making of 40 Photographs (Adams), 333
Eyak people, 26
Fairbanks, Alaska, 45, 79, 104–5, 265–68
Fairbanks, Charles Warren, 265–66
Fairbanks Daily News-Miner, 219, 466, 467, 469, 471, 472, 473–74, 486, 493
Fairbanks Garden Club, 487
Fairweather Mountains, 134
Fall, Albert, 218
Fatal Environment: The Myth of the Frontier, 1776–1890, The (Slotkin), 140
Federal Water Power Act, 174
Federation of Western Outdoor Clubs, 361, 383
Ferber, Edna, 204–5, 451
Ferlinghetti, Lawrence, 407–8, 413
Fernow, B. E., 18
Fidalgo, Salvador, 28
Field and Stream, 89, 146
Field Guide to Animal Tracks, A (O. Murie), 470
Fight for Conservation, The (Pinchot), 84–85
Finley, William L., 272
Fire Island National Game Reservation, 109, 159, 218, 221, 253
firn, defined, 8
First Summer (Muir), 7–8
fish and fishing, 117, 224
Camp Fire Club of America and limits on, 147
canneries and, 16, 17, 98, 178–79, 467
Emmons and regulation of, 55
hatcheries and, 54
M. Murie and, 269–71
overfishing and, 42, 46, 52, 147, 153
salmon, 7, 49, 178–83, 467
Taft administration and, 78
Flemming, Thomas, 218
Flory, Charles, 315
/> Flying Strong Eagle, 230
Following Fox Trails (A. Murie), 291
Fong, Hiram, 476
Ford, Corey, 28
Ford, Henry, 151
For Earth’s Sake (Brower), 366
Forest, The (White), 144
Forest and Stream, 39, 89
forest fires, 237
forest preservation
clear cutting in Adirondacks, 96–97
clear cutting in Alaska, 243, 307
fostered by T. Roosevelt, 48–62
preserves established by Congress, 50
Forrestal, James, 295
“For the Death of 100 Whales” (McClure), 401, 402, 441
Fouke Fur Company, 344
Fountain of the World contingent. See Barefooters
foxes, 197–98, 290–91
Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper Expedition (1891), 179
Franklin, Benjamin, 224, 229
Frederick, Karl T., 225
Frederickson, Stanley, 475–76
Friedrich, Caspar David, 188
Friendly Arctic, The (Stefansson), 272
Frome, Michael, 379
frontier, defined by Webster, 140
Fuertes, Louis Agassiz, 16, 18
Fur Commission Board, 151
Fur Seal Board, 97–98
fur seals, 97–98
Furmansky, Dyana Z., 227–28
Gabler, Neal, 346, 356
Gabrielson, Ira N., 159, 253, 319, 344, 345, 477
game management, 173–78. See also hunting issues
Game Management (Leopold), 65, 96, 163–64, 288
game preserves, T. Roosevelt and, 52
Gannett, Henry, 18, 47
Garfield, James R., 74–77, 108, 111, 217
Garland, Hamlin, 72, 89–91, 92, 205
Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve, 231, 242, 255
General Geography (Gannett), 18
General Land Office (GLO), 77–79
Giddings, J. Louis, 356, 361
Gifford, Robert Swain, 40
Gifford Pinchot Award, of Boy Scouts of America, 102
Gifford Pinchot: Forester-Politician (McGeary), 78
Gila National Forest, 213, 214
Gilbert, Grove Karl, 17, 18
Gilbert, Trimble, 361–62
Gillette, Louis B., 264–65, 271
Gillette, Louise, 290
Gillette, Minnie Thomas, 264, 274, 278
Ginsberg, Allen, 399–400
with Merchant Marines in Alaska, 410–15
poetry of, 401–3, 406, 407, 417
Glacier Bay, 5–6, 9, 12
Glacier Bay National Monument, 210
Glacier Bay National Park, 19, 38, 139, 158, 316, 370, 462
Adams’s photographs of, 324, 325, 327, 329, 334–36
glaciers
Adams’s photograph of, 334–36
in Alaska, 17, 19–20, 57
Ballinger’s lack of knowledge, 76
colors and features of, 2–3, 8, 10
Curtis’s photographs of, 45–46
Kent’s paintings of, 186–88
in lower 48 states, 14
main parts of, 19
Muir on, 169–70
The Quiet World: Saving Alaska's Wilderness Kingdom, 1879-1960 Page 63
