by Tim Elfrink
“that he did these summer camps”: Greg Stejskal, interview by Tim Elfrink, December 2013.
“Millions . . . still look to those people”: Assael, Steroid Nation, 28.
“They told us the White House called the FBI”: Greg Stejskal, interview by Tim Elfrink, December 2013.
In Canada, cops seized $20 million in illegal steroids: Cal Millar, “Top Judge’s Son Charged in Massive Steroid Bust,” Toronto Star, April 12, 1992.
“In terms of steroid knowledge”: Curtis Wenzlaff, e-mail interview by Tim Elfrink, January 2013.
“If Paris Hilton was to take that array”: T. J. Quinn, “Dealer: McGwire Wanted to be ‘Bigger,’” ESPN.com, January 24, 2010, http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=4849158.
He drove a Chevy Caprice: Howard Bryant, Juicing the Game: Drugs, Power, and the Fight for the Soul of Major League Baseball (New York: Viking, 2005), 51.
“protect the integrity of the sport”: National Collegiate Athletic Association et al v. Christopher J. Christie et al, United States District Court District of New Jersey, Deposition of Bud Selig, November 9, 2012.
Selig’s group snatched the franchise: Bryant, Juicing the Game, 51.
While the owners (including Selig): Associated Press, “Agent: Baseball Owners Agree to Pay $280 Million,” November 4, 1990.
“Fay sowed the seeds of his own destruction”: Bryant, Juicing the Game, 15.
“It wasn’t until 1998 or 1999”: Associated Press, “Selig: New Policy Will Be Effective,” February 10, 2005.
franchises were operating in the red: Bryant, Juicing the Game, 56.
“collusion was the turning point”: Selena Roberts, “A $280 Misdeed Still Fuels the Feud,” New York Times, April 4, 2004.
Vincent had issued a terse two-page memo: Shaun Assael and Peter Keating, “Who Knew?: MLB Memos, 1991 Memo,” ESPN The Magazine, November 8, 2005.
venomous letters on his desk: Bryant, Juicing the Game, 50.
hitting the needle back at Scott’s condo: Shaun Assael, “Who Knew?: The Bodybuilder,” ESPN The Magazine, November 8, 2005.
“He asked what I knew about steroids”: Greg Steskjal, interview by Tim Elfrink, December 2013.
Hallinan later released a statement: ESPN.com News Services, “Canseco Bragged About ‘Helper,’” ESPN.com, February 17, 2005, http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=1992667.
“It’s like the big secret”: Bob Nightengale, “Steroids Become an Issue,” Los Angeles Times, July 15, 1995.
Musial had leaned over and whispered: Bryant, Juicing the Game, 115.
Attendance in 1995 was down 20 percent: Associated Press, “1994 Strike Was a Low Point for Baseball,” August 10, 2004.
Andro was on the shelves there: Bryant, Juicing the Game, 141.
“I think what Mark McGwire”: Peter Schmuck, “Supplement Talk Going, Going Due to McGwire,” Baltimore Sun, August 25, 1998.
“no wonder the players loathe the media”: Bryan Curtis, “The Steroid Hunt,” Grantland, January 8, 2014.
Orza believed steroids: Mark Fainaru-Wada and Lance Williams, Game of Shadows (New York: Gotham Books, 2006), 127.
any move to randomly test players: Steve Fainaru, “Baseball’s Steroid Policy Was Made in Fear,” Washington Post, December 21, 2003.
steroids were a likely culprit: Dr. John Cantwell, interview by Tim Elfrink, December 2013.
freak injury came after he’d overused steroids and HGH: Canseco, Juiced, 266.
“I’ve wondered whether that batter hit”: Bryce Florie and Buster Olney, “I’ll Wonder for the Rest of My Life,” ESPN The Magazine, November 8, 2005.
“I had recently come from the Olympics”: Dr. John Cantwell, interview by Tim Elfrink, December 2013.
more than one in ten minor leaguers failed tests: Bryant, Juicing the Game, 256.
Unlike Sosa and McGwire, Bonds was: Fainaru-Wada and Williams, Game of Shadows, 30.
“If a young player were to ask me”: Tom Verducci, “Totally Juiced,” Sports Illustrated, June 3, 2003.
ample warning before their tests: Associated Press, “Barry Bonds Might Have Received Warning of MLB’s 2003 Drug Tests,” December 14, 2007.
Yet when the results came in: John Schlegel, “Timeline of ‘The List,’” MLB.com, September 30, 2009, http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20090730&content_id=6157972&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb.
“overwhelming impression that Mr. Canseco is delusional”: Rob Neyer, “Canseco, Steroids, Pitch-Man, All Pumped Up, Nowhere to Go,” New York Observer, February 21, 2005.
Canadian attorney who would later: Richard McLaren, interview by Tim Elfrink, November 2013.
Radomski recalls Novitzky saying: Radomski, Bases Loaded.
“I wasn’t BALCO”: Ibid.
the senator scoffed: Ibid.
Radomski led law-enforcement investigators: Alan Schwarz, “Analysis: The Clemens and McNamee Hearing,” New York Times, February 13, 2008.
“seemingly clean”: Katie Couric, “A-Rod Denies Doping on 60 Minutes,” 60 Minutes, December 16, 2007.
Less than a year later: Associated Press, “A-Rod’s Wife Files for Divorce, Alleges Infidelity, ‘Other Marital Misconduct,’” July 7, 2008.
CHAPTER SIX
spring training facility in Tampa, Florida: Don Hooton, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
Ten days earlier, Sports Illustrated: Roberts and Epstein, “Sources Tell SI Alex Rodriguez Tested Positive for Steroids in 2003.”
“and I hope to join Don Hooton”: No byline, “Transcript of Alex Rodriguez’s Press Conference,” New York Times, February 18, 2009.
samples of the 104 players who had tested dirty: Michael S. Schmidt, “Union Official Says He Did Not Tip Off Rodriguez,” New York Times, February 9, 2009.
“it was such a loosey-goosey era”: ESPN.com News Services, “Alex Rodriguez Admits, Regrets Use of PEDs,” ESPN.com, February 10, 2009, http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=3894847.
“a lot of ballplayers who played it straight”: Ibid.
“We support Alex”: Ibid.
forgiveness for using growth hormone: Joe Lapointe, “Pettitte Apologizes to Yankees and His Fans,” New York Times, February 19, 2008.
no mention of performance enhancers: David Waldstein, “With a Win, the Ending to Pettitte’s Illustrious Career Is Complete,” New York Times, September 28, 2013.
The name trended on Google: Google Trends: “Yuri Sucart.”
“steroid mule”: Mark Feinsand and Christian Red, “A-Rod’s Cousin and Named Steroid Mule, Yuri Sucart, Spotted at Yankees Hotel; MLB Says It’s Watching,” New York Daily News, June 2, 2011.
Rodriguez about the steroids revelation: Grievance number 2013-2 (Alex Rodriguez) Vol. 8, Major League Baseball Arbitration Panel, Chairman Fredric R. Horowitz, October 17, 2013.
Yuri Sucart’s real estate speculation: Miami-Dade Property Appraiser website, gisweb.miamidade.gov/PropertySearch.
“He practically raised Alex at times”: Roger Ball, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, November 2013.
Dr. Anthony Galea’s trouble: USA v. Galea, case number 1:10-cr-00307-RJA-HBS-1, filed October 14, 2010, Honorable Richard J. Arcara, US District Court, Western District of New York.
In 2005, he spent four months: Associated Press, “NFL Suspended Lewis for Two Games,” January 27, 2005.
Anthony Galea, who has arching: Greg McArthur, “Anthony Galea’s Path from Treating Superstars to Pleading Guilty,” Globe and Mail, July 9, 2011.
“Donna still works as his office manager”: USA v. Galea, case number 1:10-cr-00307-RJA-HBS-1, filed October 14, 2010, Honorable Richard J. Arcara, US District Court, Western District of New York.
“So teenage boys do everything”: Leslie Papp, “Boys’ Use of Steroids up Doctor Says,” Toronto Star, May 6, 1995.
Galea fathered a brood: USA v. Galea, case number 1:10-cr-00307-RJA-HBS-1, filed October 14, 2010, Honorable Richard J. Arcara, US District Court, Western District of New
York.
Galea told an Israeli journalist: McArthur, “Anthony Galea’s Path from Treating Superstars to Pleading Guilty.”
Abdul-Karim al-Jabbar recover: Allan Dunn, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
Galea put his own spin on Dunn’s methods: USA v. Galea, case number 1:10-cr-00307-RJA-HBS-1, filed October 14, 2010, Honorable Richard J. Arcara, US District Court, Western District of New York.
made trips to Germany: Mike Fish, “The Doctor They Call ‘Healing Hans,’” ESPN.com, December 15, 2011, http://espn.go.com/espn/otl/story/_/id/7324261/germany-dr-hans-wilhelm-muller-wohlfahrta-great-healer-quack-hyperactive-syringe.
The World Anti-Doping Agency banned: World Anti-Doping Program Prohibited List, Q & A on 2013 Prohibited List, http://www.wada-ama.org/en/World-Anti-Doping-Program/Sports-and-Anti-Doping-Organizations/International-Standards/Prohibited-List/QA-on-2013-Prohibited-List.
Toronto slugger Carlos Delgado traveled: Spencer Lader v. Carlos Delgado, case number 021324/2008, Justice Leonard B. Austin, Nassau County Civil Supreme Court, New York State.
They’re not best buds by any means: Hank Haney, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
nearly magical healing capabilities: Randy Starkman, “Canada’s Ski Side Is Changing Pace,” Toronto Star, November 30, 1996.
They had both treated sprinter Donovan Bailey: Donovan Vincent, “Bailey Takes It Slow on Road to Recovery,” Toronto Star, December 15, 1998.
Mets speedster Jose Reyes’s hamstring: Former Mets trainer Vern Gambetta, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
preferred not to have broadcasted: Michael O’Keeffe, Teri Thompson, and Nathaniel Vinton, “Buffalo FBI Probing Tiger Woods’ Doctor Tony Galea,” New York Daily News, December 15, 2009.
parachuting out of planes: Hank Haney, The Big Miss: My Years Coaching Tiger Woods (New York: Random House, 2012).
“You’re all of a sudden not going to be Tiger Woods anymore”: Hank Haney, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
“full of guesses”: ESPN.com News Services, “Hank Haney Defends Tiger Book,” ESPN.com, March 26, 2012, http://espn.go.com/golf/story/_/id/7738710/hank-haney-tiger-woods-agent-mark-steinberg-trade-barbs-book.
couldn’t walk up a hill to greet fans: Chris Dufresne, “Better Than All the Rest,” Los Angeles Times, June 17, 2008.
“He wanted somebody progressive”: Hank Haney, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
Woods lived in a $2.4 million mansion: No byline, “Keeping Things Private,” Orlando Sentinel, December 13, 2009.
On a massage table between: Hank Haney, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
charged $2,000 a session: Florida Department of Health, Anthony Galea file, case number 2009-24325.
Galea set up his platelet-rich plasma: Ibid.
“Never performance enhancement”: Brian Greenspan, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, January 2013.
“That seems to be a part of Galea’s program”: Hank Haney, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
a thigh specialist in Vail, Colorado: Michael S. Schmidt, “Alex Rodriguez Denies Taking Drugs,” New York Times, April 2, 2010.
“unparalleled in the medical field”: Mike Fish, “Referrals of the Highest Profile,” ESPN.com, December 15, 2011, http://m.espn.go.com/wireless/story?storyId=7324265&wjb=&pg=1.
Rodriguez was also quietly treated: Schmidt, “Alex Rodriguez Denies Taking Drugs.”
“a history of complete success”: USA v. Galea, case number 1:10-cr-00307-RJA-HBS-1, filed October 14, 2010, Honorable Richard J. Arcara, US District Court, Western District of New York.
The bridge connects Ontario: USA v. Catalano, case number 1:10-cr-00142-RJA, filed May 18, 2010, US District Court, Western District of New York.
Washington Redskins football player: Michael S. Schmidt and Katie Thomas, “Doctor Accused of Doping Is Linked to NFL,” New York Times, May 18, 2010.
“He’s a healer, not a cheater”: Brian Greenspan, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, January 2013.
later cracked in court: USA v. Catalano, case number 1:10-cr-00142-RJA, filed May 18, 2010, US District Court, Western District of New York.
“we love each other”: William C. Rhoden, “Perception’s Changed but Rodriguez Hasn’t,” New York Times, November 5, 2009.
then–Mets teammate Carlos Beltran: Michael S. Schmidt, “Beltran Says He Referred Reyes to Galea for Treatment,” New York Times, March 2, 2010.
newly heroic third baseman said he had not: Michael S. Schmidt, “For Rodriguez and Yankees, Another Bout of Disclosure,” New York Times, March 1, 2010.
the team said in a statement: Ibid.
days of 2010 spring training: Michael S. Schmidt and Serge Kovaleski, “Baseball Still Looking at Rodriguez’s Care by Indicted Doctor,” New York Times, June 5, 2011.
HGH to a retired NFL player: USA v. Galea, case number 1:10-cr-00307-RJA-HBS-1, filed October 14, 2010, Honorable Richard J. Arcara, US District Court, Western District of New York.
Galea’s attorneys wrote: Ibid.
“the sports leagues they played in”: Ibid.
punishable by up to a year in jail: Florida Department of Health, Anthony Galea file, case number 2009-24325.
“I can assure you if we”: Brian Greenspan, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, January 2013.
“Dr. G, you are the best!”: Anthony Galea, The Real Secret to Optimal Health (Toronto: BurmanBooks, 2013).
CHAPTER SEVEN
“He was devastated”: Associated Press, “Ramirez Tests Positive, Suspended for 50 Games,” uploaded to YouTube, May 8, 2009, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQp-Rs8R7N8.
Fenway’s speakers during warm-ups: Jean Rhodes and Shawn Boburg, Becoming Manny: Inside the Life of Baseball’s Most Enigmatic Slugger (New York: Scribner, 2009), 2.
he’d grown up poor: Sara Rimer, “Before Manny Became Manny,” New York Times, April 25, 2011.
but had also already burned Rodriguez: Michael S. Schmidt, “Ortiz and Ramirez Are Said to Be on ’03 Doping List,” New York Times, July 30, 2009.
Manny still ended up suspended: Teri Thompson and Nathaniel Vinton, “Ban of Dodger’s Slugger Manny Ramirez Shows Commitment from MLB to Catch Drug Cheats,” New York Daily News, May 9, 2009.
possibly aided by his son Tony: Amy K. Nelson and T. J. Quinn, “Miami Doctors Probed in Ramirez Case,” ESPN.com, June 25, 2009, http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=4286540.
“outrageous and slanderous”: T. J. Quinn, “Doctor Says He’s Never Prescribed hCG,” ESPN.com, July 10, 2009, http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=4319776.
“Deal with problems: Manny Ramirez”: Tony Bosch’s handwritten business records obtained by the authors.
“He was bragging about how he was Manny’s boy”: UM fraternity brother, interviews by Gus Garcia-Roberts, November 2013 to January 2014.
Manny for the failed PED test: In the Matter of Arbitration Between Major League Baseball Players Association and Office of the Commissioner of Baseball, panel decision number 131, grievance number 2013-02 (Alexander Rodriguez), Fredric R. Horowitz, Esq., Panel Chair, December 20, 2013.
advertising for Bosch’s services: Ibid.
“I got really fat”: Porter Fischer, interview by Tim Elfrink, June 2013.
“If you want to know the source”: Tim Elfrink, “MLB Steroid Scandal: How Porter Fischer Exposed the Coral Gables Clinic,” Miami New Times, June 20, 2013.
they had watched their wealthy father: Gelband v. Matthews, 00280 TSN 2004, Civil Court of the City of New York, New York County.
“I don’t remember him looking”: Former classmate of Anthony Carbone, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, January 2014.
“I wanted to be a cop when”: Anthony Carbone, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
Jones had first sped into Florida: USA v. Jones, case number 3:87CR18, Judge Burns, US District Court, District of Connecticut.
The Carbones thre
atened him: Beverly West, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
tried to pawn the victim’s: Miami-Dade Police Department records, case number 0003169006, June 26, 1991, arrest.
“He is likely bipolar or has some other”: Carlos Alvarez Diez, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, January 2014.
ANTI8GE and ANT1AGE: Coral Gables Police Department, case number 13-007397, October 5, 2013.
“I know Oggi was a partner in Boca Body”: Anthony Carbone, interview by Gus Garcia-Roberts, December 2013.
“Oh my God, you’re so skinny!”: Betty Tejada, Tony Lamberto, and Alan Telisman, interviews by the authors, October and November 2013.
He regularly crashed vehicles in an insurance scam: Miami-Dade Court records. Additionally, Serge Casimir’s boss, interview by Tim Elfrink, October 2013.
Far higher up on the criminal food chain: United States v. Birbragher, Government’s Motion for Pre-Trial Detention, United States District Court for the Northern District of Iowa Eastern Division, December 7, 2007.
who spent more than a half-million dollars: USA v. Birbragher et al, case number 2:07-cr-01023-LRR-1, US District Court, Northern District of Iowa, filed November 6, 2007.
“model citizen”: USA v. Birbragher, case number 1:11-tp-20053-JAL-1, Southern District of Miami, filed April 12, 2011.
under the terms of his probation: Ibid.
its ritual animal sacrifices: Michael E. Miller, “Los Miami Gang Nabbed in Huge Drug Bust,” Miami New Times, August 11, 2011.
“youth, sexual intimacy, digestion”: Investigation summary of Florida Department of Health case number 2013-02216, investigator Jerome K. Hill, April 23, 2013.
Arnold had synthesized it: Fainaru-Wada and Williams, Game of Shadows, 50–53.
“It was unbelievably individualized”: Travis Tygart, interview by Tim Elfrink, February 2014.
Bosch simply wasn’t “very sophisticated”: Patrick Arnold, e-mail interview by Tim Elfrink, January 2014.
“This idea of microdosing to give”: Dr. Charles Yesalis, interview by Tim Elfrink, January 2014.
“I had conversations with”: Transcripts obtained by the authors of Grievance number 2013-2 (Alex Rodriguez) Vol. 8, Major League Baseball Arbitration Panel, Chairman Fredric R. Horowitz, October 17, 2013.
