Archers, 210
Architecture, 11- 12, 14- 25, 228 - 229
Armour, 209- 210
Army--see Military affairs; Warriors
Arsenals, 11, 23, 45
Artisans--see Craftsmen
Atemoztli (sixteenth month), 129, 171; rites of, 247
Atizapan ('whitish water'), 6
Atlampa ('the water's edge'), 6
Atlatl (spear-thrower), 3
Atlaua (god of fowlers), 3, 116
Atl caualo (first month), rites of, 246
Atocpan, xxiii
Auianime (courtesans), 46, 131, 135, 171, 184
Auitzotl (water-creature), 18, 200
Auitzotl, Emperor, 89, 90, 92, 182; and temple-building, 17, 18 ; palace of, 23, 31 ; and aqueduct-building, 30 - 32 ; and merchant-warriors, 62 -63, 65
Axayacatl, Emperor, 45, 114, 160, 182, 183, 209 ; palace of, 14, 15, 22 23; and building of temple, 16 ; attacks Tlatelolco, 183, 205
Ayopechcatl (goddess of childbed), 188 - 189
Azcapotzalco, xvi, 5, 6, 9, 60, 205, 206, 212
Aztacalco section, 8
Aztlan, 218, 219
Ball-games, 22 - 23, 76, 159 - 160
Banquets, 63, 154, 158, 173 - 174
Baptism, 56, 157, 163 - 167
Barbarians, 216 - 220
Bathing, 129 - 130, 131
-305-
Bathing-places, 124, 125
Bathrooms, 121
Battle, honour of death in, 44
Battles, mock, 146, 184, 247
Beans, 148, 152, 154
Beds,121-122
'Binding of the years', xiii, 101, 109
Bird-houses, 24, 124
Birds, 124, 125, 126 - 127 ; as food, 149, 151 ; hunting of, 158
Birth, 56, 112; ceremonies, 163-167
Blow-pipes, 158
Bologna, Father Francesco di, 201
Bonampak frescoes, 139
Books, xviii, 229
Bows and arrows, 210, 218
Boys: dedicated to war, 42, 163- 164, 166; naming of, 165 - 166 ; dress, 168; education, 168-173
Bridges, 12, 13
Burial, xvii, 200-202
Business, 141 -144
Cactli (sandals), 138
Cactus, myth of, 1 - 3
Calendar, 109-111, 246-247
Calixtlahuaca, round tower of, 21
Calmecac (monastery schools), 11, 22, 48, 51, 53, 64, 169 - 172
Calpixque (tax-getherers), 49 - 50
Calpullec (head of calpulli), 7, 13; election and duties of, 40- 42
Calpulli (territorial unit), 7 - 8, 20, 40, 86, ownership of land, 79 - 80 ; election of city council, 93
Camargo, Muñoz, 152, 161, 179
Canals, 6, 10, 11, 12, 20, 121, 125
Cannibalism, 98
Cano, Juan, 178
Cardinal points, 111 - 112, 117
Causeways, 10, 12 - 13, 15
Centeotl (god of maize), 104 ; feast of, 246
'Century', 101, 109
Centzon Mimixcoa (northern stars), 203
Centzon Totochtin (Four Hundred Rabbits), 116, 156
Ceremonies, 46 - 47, 54, 55, 144 - 147 ; birth, 163 -167, 189-190; wedding, 175 - 177 ; funeral, 200 - 202 ; of months, 246-247. See also Ritual
Chairs, 122
Chalchiuhticluc (goddess), 103
Chalchiuhnenetzin, Princess, 183
Chalco 5 16, 60, 220 ; poem from, 240, 241
Chapultepec, 9, 229 ; aqueduct from, 10, 22 ; springs of, 29 - 30
Chichén-Itza, 159
Chichimeca (hunting nomads), xv, xxi
Chichimecapan, 6
Chichimecs, 204 ; barbarism of, 217 - 221
Chicomecoatl (goddess of maize); song of, 239 - 240 ; feast of, 246
Chicomoztoc, 219
Childbirth, 56, 107, 189 - 191
Children: education of, 167 - 173 ; dress, 168 ; of secondary wives, 180, 182 ; birth of, 187 - 190 ; sacrifice of, 246, 247
Chimalli (shield), 209
Chimalpahin, Queen, 72, 91
-306-
Chimalpopoco, Emperor, 16, 88, 224
Chinampas (floating gardens), xvii, 12, 140
Chinancalli (territorial unit), 7
Chinanteca highlanders, xxi
Cholula, 118, 220; temple of, 19
Cihuathán, xxi, xxiii
Cihuatlanque (marriage go-betweens), 175, 177
City-states, xx- xxii, 6, 23, 37, 71, 93, 116, 220
Ciuacoatl (goddess), 194 ; temple of, 21; song to, 239
Ciuacoatl (vice-emperor), 90 -92
Ciuapipiltin (princesses), 190, 193
Ciuaquacuilli (priestess), 55
Ciuatlamacazqui (priestess), 55
Civil courts, 24
Class distinctions, 37 -93, 117, 138, 140 -143, 182. See also Rank
Cleanliness, 128 -131
Cloaks, 132- 134, 168
Cloth-making, 137
Clothes, 131-138, 168, 231
Cloud-Serpents, Four Hundred, 203
Coaapan pool, 22
Coacalca (pantheon), 21, 22
Coatepantli (serpent-headed wall), 19, 20, 23
Coatlicue (goddess), 102; feast of, 246
Coatlinchan, 60
Cocoa, 49, 60, 149, 150, 154
Codex of 1576, xix, 2, 33, 130
Codex Azcatitlan, 3, 33, 131
Codex Florentino, 221
Codex Magliabecchi, 133, 160
Codex Mendoza, 2, 24, 82, 152, 167, 168, 169
Codex Nuttall, 209
Codex Telleriano- Remensis, 17, 18, 33, 78, 114
Coffers, 122
Coixca people, xxiii
Colhuacán, xvi, 9, 16, 29, 66, 220 ; lords of, 87 - 88
Collective labour, 41, 71, 148, 170 -171
Colleges, 10, 11, 169 -173
Comets, 114
Common people--seeMaceualli
Communal property, 80, 81
Concubines, 173, 178, 179 - 183
Confession, 104, 199 - 200
Cooking, 150 - 151
Cortés, Hernan, xviii, xix, xx, 10 - 11, 12, 13, 14, 25, 27, 29, 49 - 50, 91 126 - 127, 231
Cost of living, 76, 83
Cotton, 59, 60, 132, 137 - 138
Council, supreme, 92 - 93
Councils, 142 -143
Courtesans, 46, 131, 171, 184
Courtesy, 222 - 224, 225
Courts, civil and criminal, 24, 143 - 144
Courtyards, 121
Coyoacán, 5, 9, 12, 13, 16 ; causeway to, 20 ; water from, 30 ; war against, 46, 204 - 205
Coyolapan, xxiii
Coyolxauhqui (goddess), 102
-307-
Coyotlinaual ( god of feather-workers), 67, 116
Craftsmen, 24, 65 - 70, 140, 141, 147, 230 - 232
Creation myths, 96, 108
Cremation, xvii, 200 -202
Crime, 75, 142, 143
Criminal courts, 24, 143-144
Cuapanoayan, battle of, 209
Cuauhtemotzin, Emperor, 14
Cuauhtitilán, 60, 122
Cuepopan section, 8
Cuetlaxtlan, 18, 83
Cuitlahuac, Emperor, 16, 33
Cuitlatec people, xxiii
Dances, 46 - 47, 135, 140, 144 - 146, 147, 158, 171, 240, 243
Day: signs, 109 - 111, 165, 167; rhythm of, 161 - 162
Death, 105 -108, 112, 198- 202
Death penalty, 57, 61, 142, 143, 185 - 186
Díaz del Castillo, Bernal, xviii -xix, 9, 12, 13, 19, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 32, 49, 68, 122 - 123, 126, 127
Dikes, 13, 32
Disease, 33, 191 -198
District: headship of, 38- 39, 40; councils, 40; priest, 41
Divination--see Sorcery
Division of labour, priestly, 54
Divorce, 187
Doctors, 56, 192, 194, 195 - 198
Dogs, 26, 128, 152
Drama, 240
Dress, 131 -138, 168, 231
Drink, 149, 155-157, 190, 218; gods of, 54
/>
Drinking-water, 22, 29 - 30, 32
Drunkenness, 143, 155 - 157, 218 ; gods of, 54
Duality, 96, 106, 108, 112, 116
Dürer, Albrecht, 68
Eagle and serpent, myth of, 2, 4
'Eagle-knights,' 43
Earth symbol, 103
Earthquakes, 114
Education, 11, 22, 42, 48, 51, 53, 56, 64, 142, 167 - 173, 234
'Elders, precepts of the', 223 -224
Election: of tecuhtli, 38 ; of calpullec, 40 ; of emperor, 52, 88-90
Electoral college, 89, 91, 92
Embroidery, 135 - 136
Emperor, 37 ; election of, 52, 88 -90; and distribution of military honours, 43 -44; military functions of, 44 - 45, 87, 91; land possessions of, 81; share of tribute, 83 - 84, 91 ; titles of, 87 ; duties of, 90, 225-226; ministers of, 90 - 93 ; palaces, 121, 124 - 126 ; costume of, 133, 138, 139 ; and social order, 225 - 228 ; as protector, 226 - 227
Epcoaquacuiltzin (priest), 54
Etiquette, 222 - 224
Etzalqualiztli (sixth month), 129 ; rites of, 246
Exchange, 81 - 82
Exchequer, 24
-308-
Family life, 178 - 191
Famine, 49, 101, 153
Farming, 72 - 73, 79 - 80, 140- 141
Fasting, 170, 246
Fatalism, 108-115
Feasts and festivals, 46 -47, 54, 55, 129, 144-147, 154, 158, 175 - 177, 246-247
Feather- workers, 66, 07, 68-69, 230, 231, 232; god of, 67, 116
Feathers, 138, 139
Fire, 247; New, feast of, xiii, 101, 109
Fire-god, 103; feast of, 47; sacrifice to, 98
Fires, 122-123
Fish, 150, 152
Floods, 31 -32
Flowers, 10, 12, 24-25, 121, 124-128; war of, xiv, 101, 214- 215
Food, 27, 147-148, 149 - 154, 168
Food-plants, 148, 152 -153, 155
Footwear, 138
Fowlers, 116
Frescoes, 123, 139, 229
Furniture, 121-122
Gambling, 159 -161
Game, 151
Games, 22 - 23, 76, 157 - 161
Garbage disposal, 32 - 33
Gardens, 10, 12, 24- 25, 121, 124- 128 ; floating, xvii, 12, 15, 140
Ghosts, 113, 115
Girls: dedicated to home, 164; naming of, 166 - 167 ; dress, 168; education, 168, 170
Gladiatorio sacrifice, 97
Glyphs, 1, 4, 17 - 18, 95, 203, 233
'God-bearers' , xvi, 37, 42
Gods and goddess, xv, 2, 38, 42, 47, 51, 52 - 53, 67, 96 -119, 156, 164 ; temples to, 19 - 21, priests assigned to, 54; feats of, 54 - 55, 64, 144 -147, 246 - 247 ; sacrifice to, 97 - 101, 105, 145 - 146, 214; local deities, 104, 116-117; synthesis of, 117 - 119 ; of education, 171 - 172 ; of disease, 192- 193, 195 ; healing, 194; and war, 203, 211, 212, 214 ; and sovereign, 225, 226 ; songs to, 237 - 240
Gold, 138, 139, 230, 231, 232
Goldsmiths, 66, 67 -68, 147, 230
Good breeding, 221 - 224
Government buildings, 8, 11, 24
Governors, city, 48 - 49
Granaries, 153
Guilds, 60, 61, 66, 68, 69, 103, 147 ; deities for, 116
Hades, 106, 108, 202
Hair, care of, 130, 131
Hallucinations, 194
Harvests, gods of, 104 - 105
Head-dresses, 138 - 139
Healing-women, 192, 194
Hearths, 123- 124
Heating, 122 - 123
Heavens, 102 - 103
Hell, 106, 108, 202
-309-
Hereditary distinctions, 47 - 48
Hernández, Francisco, 197 - 198
High priests, 52 - 53, 169
Hospitals, 54
Hours, marking of, 161
House of the Eagles, 11
House of Javelins, 23
Household, average size of, 9
Houses, 10, 11 -12, 120 -128
Huaxtec people, xxi, xxiii, xxiv, 116, 130, 132, 135 - 136
Huexotzincatzin, Prince, 181 - 182
Hueypochtla, xxiii
Humility, 222
Hunting, 158, 247
Hymns, 64, 67, 104, 237 - 240
Ichcahuipilli (tunic), 210
Ichpochtli (grown girl), 55
Icpalli (chairs), 122
Icpatepec, 209
Ideograms, 209, 233
Ilamatecuhtli (goddess), 247
Ilancueitl, 183
Immortality, 106 - 107
Incense, 195, 199
Inheritance, 88
Inns, 23
Intoxicants, 155 - 157
Invocations, 195 - 196
Islets and lakes, 4-5
Itzcoatl, Emperor, xiii, 16, 34, 45, 74, 180, 205
Ixcozauhqui tzonmolco teohua (priest), 54
Ixtle (agave-fibre), 137
Ixtlilton (god), 194
Ixtlilxochitl, King of Texcoco, 201, 219
Ixtlilxochitl, Fernando de Alva, 31, 66, 84, 114, 124 -126, 160, 179, 186
Iyac (warrior's title), 43
Izcalli (eighteenth month), rites of, 247
Iztacalco, 9
Iztacciuatl (priestess), 55
Iztapalapan, 9, 12, 13; causeway from, 10, 15, 20, 30 ; palace, 126
'Jaguar-knights', 43
Jewellers, 66, 67
Jewellery, 59 - 60, 138 - 139, 230-232
Judges, 50, 128, 142, 143
Justice, 24, 39, 75, 91, 92, 142 - 144 ; traders and, 27 - 28, 61
Kitchens, 121
Labour; collective, 41, 71, 148, 170 - 171 ; priestly, division of, 54
Lakes, 4 - 5, 12 - 13, 125, 126 - 127, 151
Land: tenure of, 40, 72-73, 79- 81, 141; cultivation of, 72-73, 79- 80, 140 - 141 ; as basis of wealth, 79
Landless peasants, 72 - 73
Language, xvi, xxiii, 223 - 224, 232- 235, 245
Lapidaries, 230, 232
-310-
Latrines, 32
Law--see Justice
Liberty, renunciation of, 76
Lighting, 123
Lightning, 114
Literature, xviii, 234 - 235, 236 - 243
Living, cost of, 76, 83
Living standards, 85 - 86
Loin-cloth, 131-132, 133, 134, 168
Looking-glasses, 130
Maceualli (plebeian), 43, 47, 70-73; able to enter priesthood and other honours, 51, 72, 93, 169, 173; aristocratic reaction against, 58 ; rights and obligations, 70 -71, 82 ; marriage to royalty, 72, l84
Macquauitl (sword), 210
Macuilxochitl ( god of pleasure), 104
Magic - see Sorcery
Maize, 104, 105, 106, 148, 149, 150, 152 -153; cakes (tamales), 27, 145, 147, 150, 153, 168, 175, 177 ; grinding of, 120, 168; festival of goddess of, 145 ; porridge, 149, 153, 196
Make-up, 130 -131
Malinalco, 229; temple at, 21
Manners, 222 -223
Manuscripts, pictographic, 229
Maps, 14
Market-place, 25 -28
Marriage, 173 - 178, 187 ; between plebeian and royalty, 72, 184; between slaves and free, 74
Matlaltzinca people, xxiii
Mats, 121 - 122
Maxtlatl (loin-cloth), 131 - 132, 133, 134
Maxtlaton, 212, 224
Mazahua people, xxiii
Mazatec people, xxiii, xxiv
Meals, 149 - 151, 154, 168, 223
Mecatlan (musicians' school), 23
Medicine, 196 - 198
Merchants, 26 -28, 59 -65, 129 ; as warriors, 62 - 63 ; rise of, 64 - 65 ; deities for, 116 ; veneration of fire, 124 ; banquets, 154. See also Traders
Metzli (the moon), 104
Metztitlán, xxi
Mexicaltzinco, 9
Mexicatl achcauhtli (surrender official), 92
Mexicatl teohautzin ('vicar-general'), 53, 169
Mexico (see also Tenochlitan): Spaniards' conquest of, xvi, 213 - 215 ; meaning of word, 1 -2; origin of, 2 -5; extent
and population, 5 -9; quarters of, 7 - 8 ; appearance, 9 -13;plans of, 13- 14 ; buildings, 13 -28; water and sanitation, 28 - 33 ; spread of dominion, 100 - 101 ; claim to suzerainty, 204
Michoacán, xxi
Mictlan (underworld), 107- 108, 112, 202
Mictlantecuhtli ( god of underworld), 38, 107
Midwives, 56, 163 - 164, 165 - 166, 184, 189 - 190
Military affairs, 23, 24, 38, 39, 42 - 47 ; emperor and, 44 - 45, 87, 91 ; obligatory service, 71, 73. See also Warriors
Missiles, 210
-311-
Mixcoatl ( god of Milky Way), 103, 117 ; temple of, 55; feast of, 247
Mixtec mountains, 67, 229, 232
Mixtec people, xxiii, xxiv, 67, 68
Mizquic, 16
Mock battles, 146, 184, 247
Moderation, 222, 224, 227
Monarchy: replaces tribal democracy, 37, 39 ; origin and nature of, 87 -90; and social order, 225-228
Monasteries, 22, 169 - 172
Monastery schools- seeCalmecac
Montezuma, Doña Isabel, 178
Months: reckoning of, 109; rites of, 144- 147, 246-247; names of, 246 -247
Moon, and vegetation, 104
Moquiuixtli, King of Tlatelolco, 6, 114, 183
Motecuhzoma I, 16, 29, 32, 83 -84, 90, 91, 128, 224
Motecuhzoma II, 10, 45, 62, 63, 72, 114, 129, 138, 158, 178, 228, 231 ; palace and pleasure-houses of, 14, 15, 20, 23- 25, 85, 126- 127 ; promotion of officers, 46 ; officials of, 48-50; statue of, 69, 229 ; and freeing of slaves, 74; living standard of, 85, 149 - 150
Motolinía, Father, xix, 73, 174
Moyotlan section, 8
Music and musicians, 23, 24, 140, 158, 240, 243
Nahuatl language, xvi, 223 - 224, 232 - 234
Nahuatl people, xxi, 116
Name-giving, 157, 165- 167
Nappualtlatolli (eighty days' speaking), 142
Narcotics, 155
Naualoztomeca ('disguised traders'), 61
Nemontemi days, five, 144, 247
New Fire, feast of, xiii, 101, 109
Nezaualcoyotl, King of Texcoco, 84, 88, 173, 219 ; poems of, 115, 225, 236 ; and cult of 'unknown god', 118 - 119 ; palace and gardens of, 124 - 126 ; statutes of, 143, 156 ; death of son, 180 - 181 ; an enlightened monarch, 227
Nezaualpilli, King of Texcoco, 31, 74, 77, 84, 88, 133 - 134, 179, 181- 182, 186
Night, 113 ; 'lords of the', 111 ; ryhthm of, 161 - 162
Nobility: rise of, 45-48; care of estates, 141
Nomadic tribes, 217 - 220 ; religion of, 53 ; gods of, 116
Oaxaca, xxi, xxii
Oaxtepec, 128
Obsidian, 196 ; wind of, 108
Ochpaniztli, 55 ; distribution of honours in, 43 ; rites of, 247
Octli (alcoholic drink), 155 - 157, 198
Ocuilan, xxii
Offices, plurality of, 92
Daily Life of the Aztecs Page 36
