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by A. N. Wilson

Letter to A. A. Tolstaya, March 31, 1878

  3.

  Letter to I. S. Turgenev, April 6, 1878

  4.

  PRP I.188

  5.

  Diary, August 22, 1881

  6.

  Islavin 110

  7.

  Diary, July 6, 1881

  8.

  JE 23.16

  9.

  Ibid. 19

  10.

  Porter 62

  11.

  Diary, May 22, 1878

  12.

  Dostoyevsky (1984) 792

  13.

  Vatsuro II.27

  14.

  Gusev (1957) 257

  15.

  Ibid. 196

  16.

  Ibid. 218

  17.

  Leon 194

  18.

  Simmons 365

  19.

  JE 23.27

  20.

  Ibid. 11

  21.

  Ibid. 15

  22.

  The Brothers Karamazov II.17

  23.

  q. Greenwood in Jones (1978) 112

  24.

  JE 23.60

  25.

  Magarshack 479

  26.

  The Brothers Karamazov II.iv.i

  27.

  Letter to N. N. Strakhov, April 17/18, 1878

  28.

  Magarshack 498

  29.

  Letter to N. N. Strakhov, Feb. 5/10, 1881

  30.

  SW 472

  31.

  Tyutchev 109

  32.

  Vatsuro II.197

  33.

  Reflections of a Russian Statesman

  34.

  Letter to Emperor Alexander HI, March 8/15, 1881

  35.

  Lowe 46

  36.

  Diary, May 18, 1887

  37.

  Ilya Tolstoy 114

  38.

  Ibid. 112

  39.

  Gusev (1957) 276

  40.

  Diary, October 5, 1881

  41.

  SW 662

  42.

  Porter 72

  43.

  PRP I.203

  44.

  JE 23.317

  45.

  Ibid. 320

  46.

  Ibid. 316

  47.

  Ibid. 312

  48.

  Ibid. 327

  Chapter Fourteen: Real Christianity

  1.

  Letter to A. A. Tolstaya, January 13, 1878

  2.

  Letter to A. A. Tolstaya, March 7, 1878

  3.

  JE 85.14

  4.

  Letter to V. G. Chertkov, March 6, 1884

  5.

  Diary, April 24, 1884

  6.

  Diary, May 22, 1884

  7.

  Diary, May 27, 1884

  8.

  Kuzminskaya 150

  9.

  Sukhotin-Tolstoy 111

  10.

  Diary, June 18, 1884

  11.

  Diary, July 7, 1884

  12.

  Ibid.

  13.

  Diary, July 14, 1884

  14.

  Edwards 126

  15.

  Diary, July 15, 1884

  16.

  Pullen 96

  17.

  Ibid.

  18.

  Diary, July 27, 1884

  19.

  Letter to V. G. Chertkov, August 15, 1884

  20.

  Letter to V. G. Chertkov, July 24, 1884

  21.

  Ibid.

  22.

  Diary, September 12, 1884

  23.

  Diary, July 12, 1884

  24.

  Diary, May 13, 1884

  25.

  Philip Larkin, ‘Talking in Bed’

  26.

  Letter to V. G. Chertkov, November 11, 1884

  27.

  JE 85.112

  28.

  Sukhotin-Tolstoy 96

  29.

  Ilya Tolstoy 193

  30.

  Ibid.

  31.

  Sukhotin-Tolstoy 181

  32.

  Ibid. 47

  33.

  Letter to T. L. Tolstaya, October 18, 1885

  34.

  Letter to S. A. Tolstaya, December 15/18, 1885 (not sent)

  35.

  Ilya Tolstoy 206

  36.

  Sukhotin-Tolstoy 115

  37.

  JE 25.183

  38.

  Ibid. 186

  39.

  Ibid. 189

  40.

  Ibid. 196

  41.

  Ibid. 406

  42.

  Ibid. 407

  43.

  Ibid. 408

  44.

  JE 26.61

  45.

  Ibid. 70

  46.

  Christian (1969) 237

  47.

  JE 26.85

  48.

  Porter 75

  49.

  Ibid. 77

  50.

  Gusev (1957) 122

  51.

  Ibid. 125

  52.

  Ibid. 127

  53.

  SW 474. But see also Wilson (1960), Lowe, Deutscher, Fischer, etc.

  Chapter Fifteen: The Kreutzer Sonata

  1.

  JE 27.79

  2.

  de Jonge (1982) 101

  3.

  Proffer 19

  4.

  Montgomery 68–80

  5.

  Diary, September 17, 1889

  6.

  Letter to V. G. Chertkov, December 31, 1889

  7.

  JE 27.85

  8.

  Diary, August 22, 1889

  9.

  Diary, February 25, 1889

  10.

  Troyat 476

  11.

  Gusev (1958) 672

  12.

  Ibid.

  13.

  Diary, August 19, 1889

  14.

  Diary, September 11, 1889

  15.

  Letter to V. I. Alexeyev, August 22, 1889

  16.

  Sukhotin-Tolstoy 146

  17.

  Ibid.

  18.

  Porter 88

  19.

  Letter to V. G. Chertkov, January 15, 1890

  20.

  Bayley (1966) 282

  21.

  Simmons 357

  22.

  Troyat 451

  23.

  JE 27.43

  24.

  Crime and Punishment I.vii

  25.

  Letter to N. N. Strakhov, April 7, 1891

  26.

  Porter 211

  27.

  Diary, April 18, 1891

  28.

  Porter 621

  29.

  Diary, October 30, 1891

  Chapter Sixteen: Terrible Questions

  1.

  Gusev (1960)

  2.

  Porter 123

  3.

  Ibid.

  4.

  JE 31.11

  5.

  Ibid. 45

  6.

  JE 23.62

  7.

  Letter to A. A. Tolstaya, August 29, 1891

  8.

  Robbins 64

  9.

  Ibid. 35

  10.

  Maude (1929) 300

  11.

  Simmons 522

  12.

  Porter 173

  13.

  Ibid. 172

  14.

  Wilson (1960) 371

  15.

  I. L. Tolstoy (1972) 131

  16.

  JE 24.18

  17.

  Letter to George Kennan, August 8, 1890

  18.

  Ibid.r />
  19.

  JE 29.310

  20.

  JE 29.311

  21.

  Mandelstam (1970) 167

  22.

  JE 32.236

  23.

  Ibid. 376

  24.

  SW 461

  25.

  Pobedonostsev 645

  Chapter Seventeen: Resurrection

  1.

  SW 549

  2.

  Ibid.

  3.

  Diary, January 29, 1895

  4.

  Diary, February 7, 1895

  5.

  The standard history is Woodcock and Avakumovic (1968).

  6.

  Letter to V. G. Chertkov, March 15, 1895

  7.

  Woodcock and Avakumovic 98

  8.

  Porter 176

  9.

  Ibid. 180

  10.

  Ibid. 178

  11.

  JE 29.33

  12.

  Ibid. 44

  13.

  Ibid. 46

  14.

  Porter 186

  15.

  Ibid. 187

  16.

  Gusev (1960) 163

  17.

  Ibid. 164

  18.

  Ibid. 171

  19.

  Ibid. 182

  20.

  Ibid. 183

  21.

  Ibid.

  22.

  Ibid. 185

  23.

  Ibid. 186

  24.

  Letter to A. A. Tolstaya, March 31, 1895

  25.

  Ibid.

  26.

  Ibid.

  27.

  Diary, April 10, 1895

  28.

  Diary, April 25, 1895

  29.

  Ibid.

  30.

  Diary, April 26, 1895

  31.

  Diary, April 28, 1895

  32.

  Maude (1904) 164

  33.

  Gusev (1960) 189

  34.

  Clark (Britain-USSR No. 68) 7

  35.

  Maude (1935) viii

  36.

  Clark 8

  37.

  Gusev (1960) 351

  38.

  Ibid. 382

  39.

  Ibid. 376

  40.

  Ibid. 389

  41.

  Ibid. 390

  42.

  Sukhotin-Tolstoy 152

  43.

  Gusev (1960) 397

  44.

  Ibid. 401

  45.

  Ibid. 231

  46.

  Ibid. 371

  47.

  Shklovsky 649

  48.

  James (1937) 134

  49.

  JE

  50.

  John Betjeman, ‘Myfanwy at Oxford’

  51.

  JE 32.57

  52.

  Ibid. 63

  53.

  Ibid. 418

  54.

  Kennan (1891) I.376–8

  55.

  q. Fodor 65

  56.

  JE 32.398

  57.

  Ibid.

  58.

  JE 32.136

  59.

  Ibid. 436

  60.

  Gusev (1960) 452

  61.

  Goldenweiser 26

  62.

  Pasternak (1957) 117

  63.

  Goldenweiser 63

  64.

  JE 32.430

  65.

  Ibid. 105

  66.

  Ibid. 106

  67.

  Gusev (1960) 342

  68.

  Bonhoeffer 210

  69.

  Chadwick 78

  70.

  Pobedonostsev (1965) 188

  71.

  JE 32.181

  72.

  Ibid. 182

  73.

  Porter 371

  74.

  Pobedonostsev 74

  75.

  Weisbein 743

  76.

  Goldenweiser 59

  77.

  Simmons 642

  78.

  Gorky (1966) 71

  Chapter Eighteen: Sad Steps

  1.

  Chekhov (1974) 134.

  2.

  Gusev (1960) 321ff.

  3.

  Gusev (1960) 410

  4.

  Edwards 279

  5.

  Gusev (1960) 411

  6.

  Gorky 55

  7.

  Ibid. 80

  8.

  Spiers 159

  9.

  Letter to A. A. Tolstaya, December 22, 1903

  10.

  JE 34.111

  11.

  Gusev (1960)

  12.

  JE 34.345

  13.

  Ibid. 122

  14.

  Ibid. 110

  15.

  Diary, May 19, 1905

  16.

  Ibid.

  17.

  Diary, March 30, 1905

  18.

  Ulam 162

  19.

  Wilson (1982) 125

  20.

  Maude (1929) II.445

  21.

  Proletarian (1908) No. 5

  22.

  JE 35.216

  23.

  Ibid.

  24.

  George Orwell 72

  25.

  Wittgenstein, q. Greer 67

  26.

  JE 35.223

  27.

  I was told the anecdote by John Julius Norwich, who was himself told it by Desmond MacCarthy.

  Chapter Nineteen: Last Battles

  1.

  Edwards 397

  2.

  Troyat 421

  3.

  Letter to M. L. Tolstaya, March 22, 1906

  4.

  ‘It was the peasants who defeated Lenin. They were essentially small property men.’ Sir Bernard Pares, The Times, February 5, 1930

  5.

  Alexandra Tolstoy (1954) 431

  6.

  Ibid. 448

  7.

  Diary, April 15, 1906

  8.

  Ibid.

  9.

  Alexandra Tolstoy 453

  10.

  Porter 607

  11.

  Alexandra Tolstoy 460

  12.

  JE 37.83

  13.

  Ibid. 245

  14.

  Gusev (1960) 156

  15.

  Alexandra Tolstoy 452

  16.

  Ibid. 458

  17.

  Porter 536

  18.

  Goldenweiser 59

  19.

  Porter 633

  20.

  Bayley (1966) 277

  21.

  JE 74.124

  22.

  Letter to V. G. Chertkov, November 19, 1909

  23.

  Alexandra Tolstoy 478

  24.

  Vatsuro II.76

  25.

  Bulgakov (1971) xiv

  26.

  Porter 632

  27.

  Ibid. 647

  Chapter Twenty: Escape

  1.

  Alexandra Tolstoy 519

  2.

  Letter to M. N. Tolstaya, March 2, 1909

  3.

  Alexandra Tolstoy 534

  4.

  Ibid. 535

 

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