After the Second World War the Foundation reconstructed the Swedish section in the library of University College, London, enabling it to become a lending centre for Swedish books, and made donations of books to libraries round Britain that had been depleted in the war. ‘The Foundation’s funds are not advertised,’ wrote the Swedish cultural attaché. By 1974 its unadvertised balance at the bank appears to have dwindled alarmingly to £1,157 plus a few pence. But with a deft redefinition of its objects (replacing ‘the literature and art of Sweden’ with the words ‘Swedish culture’) the trustees were able to replenish the capital with money from the sale of the Swedish Institute’s office in London.
From the early 1980s the Foundation has widened its ancillary activities by supporting the newly formed Swedish-English Literary Translators’ Association and its journal, Swedish Book Review; by assisting a translator-in-residence scheme; and enabling Swedish writers to visit Britain, English translators to visit Sweden. In the autumn of 1991 this contribution to Anglo-Swedish relations from the man who was ‘dead against prizes’ was recognized by the creation of a three-yearly Bernard Shaw Prize, for a translation from Swedish to English, presented at the Swedish Embassy in London.
*
‘Please do not ask Mr Bernard Shaw for money,’ reads a blue-green stereotyped postcard G.B.S. had drafted in 1935. ‘...He can write for you: he cannot finance you.’ During the last years of his life he fended off an increasing number of appellants with variously coloured cards. All his income, he would explain, ‘except enough to meet his permanent engagements is confiscated by the Exchequer and redistributed to those with smaller tax-free incomes or applied to general purposes from which everyone benefits’. He did not complain of this system, ‘having advocated it for half a century, and nationalized all his landed property’, but his correspondents could not have his income in cash from himself as well as in services from their country. ‘It is useless to ask him for money: he has none to spare,’ reads a rose-coloured card drafted in 1949. Then, having demonstrated that ‘No other reply to appeals is possible’, he would secrete a cheque into his envelopes for the Actors’ Orphanage, Royal Literary Fund, the Society for the Protection of Birds, the Lord Mayor’s National Flood Distress Fund, the King Edward Memorial Hospital, Travellers’ Aid Society, Chaim Weizmann’s Zionist Appeal, the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre at Stratford-upon-Avon, the National Theatre in London and, as bail money or pension money, for eyeglass or boots, to an always-lengthening list of individuals. ‘On your life, don’t tell anybody,’ he warned the actor Esmé Percy to whom he had made a gift of £100.
In his biography published in 1956, St John Ervine described Shaw’s testament as being ‘one of the most public-spirited documents in the whole history of bequests’. Forty years after his death the author of Socialism for Millionaires (1901) was at last becoming recognized, in the words of Dan H. Laurence, as probably ‘the most charitable professional man of his generation’.
*After the extension of copyright throughout Europe to seventy posthumous years, Shaw’s writings will now remain protected until the beginning of 2021.
Index
Abbey Theatre, Dublin 302–3, 305, 306, 307, 309, 379–81, 466–7, 597, 599
Aberdeen, Lord, Viceroy of Ireland 379, 380
Aberdeen Daily Journal 215
Academy, The 365, 373
Achurch, Janet (Mrs Charles Charrington): early life 146; appearance 146; success in A Doll’s House 146, 177; bewitches Shaw 145–6; their subsequent relationship 146–8, 157; addictions 147; her play inspires Mrs Warren’s Profession 165–6, 170; at first night of Arms and the Man 172; Shaw’s ‘spiritual intercourse’ with 176–7; and Candida 178–9, 180, 181–3, 212, 215; acting 196, 211; illness 211, 212; pregnancy 212–13; in Antony and Cleopatra 213, and A Doll’s House again 213–14; Shaw out of love with 215–16, 247; introduced to Bertha Newcombe 240; death 478; mentioned 224, 277; Shaw to 152, 156, 170, 174, 185, 194, 198, 211, 225, 240, 244, 292
Actors’ Orphanage 313, 813
Adler, Friedrich, Shaw to 566
Admirable Bashville, The see Shaw: Works
Adventures of the Black Girl... see Shaw: Works
A.E. see Russell, George
Agate, James 492
Alexander, (Sir) George 180, 190, 194, 216, 414, 434
Allen, Clifford 457
Amateur Musical Society 25, 26, 28
American Vegetarian 698
Ames, Captain Lionel G. 748
Andrews, Julie 796
Androcles and the Lion see Shaw: Works
Anglo-Swedish Literary Foundation 812
Annajanska see Shaw: Works
Annan, (Lord) Noël 805
Antwerp 124
Apple Cart, The see Shaw: Works
Araki, General 657–8
Arandora Star, SS 666
Archer, Frances 157
Archer, Thomas (‘Tomarcher’) 452, 473
Archer, William: meeting and friendship with Shaw 79–82, 268; writes The Green Goddess 80; meets Ibsen 113; contributes to Pall Mall Gazette 116; persuades Yates to re-employ Shaw 135; his reckless criticism 146; on Vivie Warren 152; collaborates with Shaw on Rhinegold 156, 157, 159; Shaw on his marriage 157; reviews Widowers’ Houses 160; on Florence Farr 171; with Elizabeth Robins 177, 213; criticized by Pigott 189; involved in New Century Theatre 190; insists Shaw cannot write plays 224; on Candida 227; advises Shaw 279, and J. H. Leigh 310; on John Bull’s Other Island 311; insists Shaw cannot write a death scene 345; writes A National Theatre... with Barker 347, 348; inspects New York theatre 349; gives evidence against censorship 384; fiercely patriotic 452; and son’s death 473–4; on Shaw’s ‘infernally agile’ mind 509; continued friendship with Shaw 532; publishes ‘The Psychology of G.B.S.’ 532–3; operation and death 533, 543; mentioned 162, 166, 172, 477; Shaw to 124, 173, 285, 435, 467, 531
Aria, Eliza 274–5
Arms and the Man see Shaw: Works
Armstrong, (Sir) William 315; Shaw to 690
Arnold, Matthew 114, 116
Arts and Crafts movement 84, 140
Art Workers’ Guild 124, 178
Ashwell, Lena 384, 391, 443, 485, 748; Shaw to 112
Asquith, Anthony (‘Puffin’) 714, 742
Asquith, Elizabeth 401
Asquith, Herbert Henry (1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith) 311, 324, 328, 399, 444, 450, 451, 482, 505
Asquith, Margot (Lady) 529
Asquith, Raymond (‘Beb’) 452
Astor, David 619
Astor, Nancy (Lady): early life 563; and Shaw 563–4; as model for Shaw’s characters 573, 681; with Shaw in Russia 619–22, 623, 624, 625–7, 629, 701; view of Gandhi 648; Blanche Patch on 711; invites the Shaws to Cliveden 745–6; at Charlotte’s funeral 751; versus Blanche Patch 752; whirlwind swoops on Shaw 753; suspicious of Mrs Laden 754; worries that Shaw will remarry 755; allies with Mrs Laden and Miss Patch against Shaw’s new men friends 757, 759–60; retires from politics 759; attitude to Loewenstein 760, 764; Clare Winsten on 761; ‘discharged’ by Shaw 764; brings flowers to his deathbed 791; invites reporters to view him 792; mentioned 567, 580, 762; Shaw to 6, 744, 747, 751
Astor, Waldorf 563, 565, 619, 625, 626
Attenborough, Sir Richard (later Lord) 806
Attlee, Clement (1st Earl) 704, 794
Augier, Emile: Ceinture Dorée 156, 160
Augustus Does His Bit see Shaw: Works
Auric, Georges 767–8
Author, The 376
Autocar, The 366
Aveling, Edward 77, 89–91, 344
Aveling, Eleanor see Marx, Eleanor Aveling, Eva (née Frye) 90
Axson, Stockton 454
Ayliff, H. K. 720, 723
Aynesworth, Alan 219, 220
Ayot St Lawrence, Hertfordshire: Shaws move to Rectory 356, 368–9; in First World War 459–60; Shaw assesses 518; between the wars 676–9, 731; during Second World War 744–5, 746–7; in Bernard Shaw’s Rhyming Picture Guide to Ayot 778; Shaw makes a museum of 78
5
Bab, Julius, Shaw to 498
Back to Methuselah see Shaw: Works
Baldwin, Stanley (Lord) 601, 615, 616, 618
Balfour, Arthur (Lord) 311, 320, 322, 323, 324, 324, 398, 477, 481, 564
Barker, Harley Granville see Granville-Barker, Harley
Barnes, Alderman 234, 238
Barnes, Kenneth 545, 549
Barrett, Wilson: The Sign of the Cross 409–10
Barrie, James M.: in fight against censorship 384; backs Frohman 387, 388, 391; and Mrs Patrick Campbell 428; and godson’s death 473; and Barker 475, 476, 477; pallbearer at Hardy’s funeral 600; death 601; Shaw on 601–2; will 794; mentioned 178, 408, 417, 534, 547
The Adored One 428, 434
Better Dead 119
Peter Pan 409
Barrymore, John 662, 707
Barton, Dr J. Kingston 61, 73, 143, 211
Barzun, Jacques 784
Basile, Carlo Emanuele 566
Bassett, Pauline 803
Baulkwill, (Sir) Reginald (Public Trustee) 802–4
Bax, E. Belfort 71, 77, 121, 255, 298
A Handbook of the History of Philosophy 120
BBC see British Broadcasting Corporation
Beach, Sylvia 468, 598
Beardsley, Aubrey 344, 596, 786
Beaton, (Sir) Cecil 735, 737, 796
Beatty, Edith (‘Ida’) (née Dowling) 61, 62, 63, 69
Beatty, Pakenham (‘Paquito’) 61, 62, 63; Shaw to 101, 257
To My Lady and Other Poems 61
Beatty, Pakenham William Albert Hengist Mazzini 61
Beaumont, Hugh (‘Binkie’) 694
Bedford Debating Society 76
Beech, Patrick 591
Beech, Stella (née Campbell) 591
Beerbohm, (Sir) Max: on Shaw 63, 291; caricatures of G.B.S. 291, 296–7, and Barrie 409; on Godwin 587; born a thousand years old 601; on Tunney 605; in G.B.S. 90, 777
reviews and articles on:
The Admirable Bashville 295 Back to Methuselah 509 censorship of Blanco Posnet 382 Getting Married 365 John Bull’s Other Island 297, 311 Major Barbara 335–6 Man and Superman 297–8 Misalliance 388–9 Plays Pleasant and Unpleasant 227
Behrens, Herr (singer) 39
Behrman, S. N. 714; Shaw to 765
Bell, Aileen 56, 63, 65
Bell, Alexander Graham 47, 48
Bell, Chichester 33, 59
Bell, Julian 695
Bell, Quentin 695
Belloc, Hilaire 358, 374, 375
Bennett, Arnold 225, 336, 359, 450, 453, 459, 470, 518, 534, 565, 603; Shaw to 459
Benson, F. R. 146
Bentley, Eric 1, 160, 362, 389, 437, 439, 683
Bentley, Richard, Shaw to 69
Bergman, Hjalmar 812
Bergner, Elizabeth 530, 708
Bergson, Henri 298, 650, 720
Berliner Tageblatt 731
Bernal, J. D. 777
Bernhardt, Sarah 195
Besant, Annie 82, 98–100, 103, 105, 106, 107, 363, 649–50, see also Our Corner
Besant, Frank 98
Beveridge, William (Lord) 772
Billington, Michael 574, 693
Binyon, Laurence 523
Birkett, William Norman (Lord) 801
Birkin, Andrew 388
Birmingham Repertory Theatre 510, 511, 568
Björling, Manda 360
Black, Grace see Human, Grace
Black, J. S. 244
Black Girl, The see Adventures of the Black Girl under Shaw: Works
Bland, Edith (née Nesbit) 91, 92, 172 Lays and Legends 91–2
Bland, Hubert 91, 92, 103, 229, 394, 395, 400
Bland, John 92, 761
Bland, Rosamund see Sharp, Rosamund
Blatchford, Robert 452
Blavatsky, Madame 100
Bliss, (Sir) Arthur 767
Blisset, Miss 801
Bodley Head, The 801
Boer War 267, 273, 280–3
Bookman, The 532
Booth, William 314
Bottomley, Horatio 464
Botzaris, Sava 354
Boughton, Rutland 457
Bowlby, (Sir) Anthony 264, 266
Boyle, (Sir) Edward (later Baron Boyle of Handworth) 805, 806
Braby, Maud Churton, Shaw to 376
Bradlaugh, Charles 98
Brady, William 467
Brahm, Otto 287
Brahms, Johannes 139
Brandes, Georg 296
Bridges, Robert 435
Bridie, James 708; Shaw to 708
Bright, Reginald Golding 209
British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC): broadcasts Shaw’s reading of O’Flaherty, V.C. (1924) 539, Shaw/Chesterton debate (1927) 375, and Shaw’s radio talks 539–40; refuses to broadcast ‘Socialism at Seventy’ 540; broadcasts Shaw and Einstein speeches 611; commissions Third symphony from Elgar 579; and Shaw’s vetoed wartime broadcast 739–40; Shaw’s 90th birthday TV talk on 777; mentioned 767, 783
British Economic Association 104
British International Pictures 705
British Medical Journal 236
British Museum, London: Shaw educates himself at 51, 54, 58–9, 60, 61, 79; as residuary legatee in Shaw’s will 782; challenges validity of alphabet trusts 797, 798, 799, 802; income received from Shaw’s estate 805–6, 807
Britten, Benjamin 767
Brooke, Emma 125
Brooke, Rupert 336, 363, 393, 445
Brooke, Stopford 76
Brooke, Sylvia, Ranee of Sarawak, Shaw to 426–7
Brophy, Brigid 411, 778
Brown, Ford Madox 194
Brown, Ivor 574
Brown, John Mason 779
Browning, Robert 190
Browning Society 75
Bruce, Kathleen see Scott, Kathleen
Bull, Stanley W., Shaw to 562
Bunyan, John: The Life and Death of Mr Badman 54
The Pilgrim’s Progress 23, 82, 637–8
Buoyant Billions see Shaw: Works
Burke, Jack 62
Burne-Jones, (Sir) Edward 84
Burns, John 106, 107, 281
Butler, R. A. (Lord) 794
Butler, Samuel 229, 500, 501–2, 650
Erewhon 501, 502
Life and Habit 500
Luck or Cunning? 120, 500–1
Notebooks 501
The Way of All Flesh 502, 604
Butterfield, Charles 253, 254, 422
Byron, George Gordon (Lord): Don Juan 404
Caesar and Cleopatra see Shaw: Works
Cai Yuan-pei 653
Calvert, Louis 213
Campbell, Alan 473
Campbell, (Lady) Colin 121, 162, 163, 166, 178, 184, 362
Campbell, Patrick 420–1
Campbell, Mrs Patrick (Stella): first marriage 420–1; in The Second Mrs Tanqueray 180; Shaw contrasts with Duse 195–6; and Caesar and Cleopatra 271–2, 274, 415; Shaw in love with 415, 416–17, 420, 424–5; injured in car crash 419, 421; as Eliza in Pygmalion 414, 415–16, 434, 435, 438–9, 442, 443, 444; becomes involved with Cornwallis-West 421; illness 425–6; and Charlotte 425, 426; decides to marry Cornwallis-West 427, 428; in Barrie’s The Adored One 428, 434; end of affair with Shaw 428–30, 433; marries Cornwallis-West 442–3, 463; and son’s death 473; friendship with Lucy Shaw 478–9; as model for Hesione in Heartbreak House 489; and publication of Shaw’s letters 545–7, 590; and The Apple Cart 570–2; death 570–2; will 590–1; daughter publishes Bernard Shaw and Mrs Patrick Campbell: Their Correspondence 591; mentioned 208, 275, 587; Shaw to 415, 416, 433, 458, 547, 670
Campbell-Bannerman, (Sir) Henry 281, 311, 324, 393, 399
Candida see Shaw: Works
Cape Argus 640, 641
Čapek, Karel: Insect Play 510
Cape Times 640, 641, 646
Captain Brassbound’s Conversion see Shaw: Works
‘Carbonaja, La’ 64
Cardus, (Sir) Neville, Shaw to 131
Carew, James 278
Carlow, Ireland: Shaw’s property in 8, 254, 468, 810–12
Carlyle, Thomas 226, 323, 327, 490, 738
Carnarvon Castle 640
Carpenter, Edward 106, 126
Carr, Geraldine (née Spooner) 125–6
Carr, Herbert Wildon 126
Carroll, Emily (née Shaw) 2
Carroll, Reverend William George 2
Casement, (Sir) Roger 470–1, 596
Cashel Byron’s Profession see Shaw: Works
Cashin, Margaret see Smith, Margaret
Casson, Lewis 523, 524, 684, 705
Cassone, The see Shaw: Works
Catholic Action 708
Caute, David 614, 631
Cavell, Edith 455
Cecil, (Lord) David 291
Cellier, Alfred: Dorothy 253, 254
Ceylon Daily News 176
Chamberlain, (Sir) (Arthur) Neville 717, 718, 725, 736, 739
Chamberlain, Joseph 150, 151, 230, 241, 323, 324
Chamberlain, (Sir) (Joseph) Austen 721
Champion H. H. 72, 79
Channon, (Sir) Henry 735–6, 738
Chaplin, Charlie 565, 666, 711
Chapman, Frederick 184
Chapman & Hall (publishers) 48, 184
Charrington, Charles: on tour 146; failure as business manager 147, 148, 178, 179; on Mansfield’s refusal to stage Candida 183; and Shaw’s relationship with Janet 212; Shaw feels sympathy for 214; on tour with Candida 214, 215; proposes Barker as Marchbanks 307; mentioned 158, 166, 172, 344; Shaw to 171, 163, 223, 242, 265
Charrington, Janet see Achurch, Janet
Charrington, Nora 178
Chatto & Windus (publishers) 71, 703
Chaudhuri, Nirad 650
Chekhov, Anton 484, 492, 775
The Cherry Orchard 485, 487
Cherry-Garrard, Apsley 537, 538, 539, 711, 760, 786; Shaw to 538
The Worst Journey in the World 537–8, 703
Chesterton, Cecil 456, 474
Bernard Shaw Page 117
