by A. N. Wilson
Gray, Fanny, 458
Great Britain (ship), 138
Great Exhibition (1851)
attendance, 137–8, 145
criticized, 136, 143
designs for exhibition halls, 129–30
exhibits, 138, 142–4
internationalism, 127–8, 142–3
opening, 137–8
organization and planning, 128–30
Royal Commission on, 128–9
site, 129–30, 136
see also Crystal Palace; Paxton, Sir Joseph; Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore
Great Ormond Street Children’s Hospital, London, 22
Green, Ellen, 34–5
Green, Rev. S.F., 369
Green, Thomas Hill, 519–20, 517, 540, 570
Greenwood, Frederick, 389
Greville, Charles, 26
Greville, Henry William, 238
Grey, Charles, 2nd Earl, 39, 125, 142
Grey, Sir George, 117
Grosskurth, Phyllis, 291
Grossmith, George, 423
Diary of a Nobody (with Weedon Grossmith), 545
Gruner, Louis, 143
Gubbins, Martin, 216
Guildhall School of Music, London, 410
Guizot, François Pierre Guillaume, 114, 116, 123
Gurkhas, 203, 209
Gurney, Edmund, 439
habeas corpus: suspended, 309
haemophilia, 24, 504
Haggard, Sir Henry Rider, 601, 604
King Solomon’s Mines, 601–2
She, 602
hair: imported, 163
Hairdressers Journal, The, 163
hairdressing, 162–3
Halifax, 1st Viscount see Wood, Sir Charles
Hall, John; Bishop of Bristol, 369
Hallam, Arthur, 99
Hamelin, Admiral Alphonse Ferdinande, 179
Hamill, Fred, 579
Hamilton, Sir William, 349
Hanham, Captain, 544
Hannington, James, Bishop of East Equatorial Africa, 486–7, 491, 493
Harcourt, Sir William, 390, 534, 588
Hardie, Keir, 545, 573, 577–8, 580–2, 592, 616
Hardy, Emma (née Gifford), 432
Hardy, Thomas
background and qualities, 431–3
poetry, 433
visits William Barnes, 430
Far from the Madding Crowd, 432
Jude the Obscure, 432
‘The Last Signal’, 430
The Mayor of Casterbridge, 432
‘The Oxen’, 433
The Return of the Native, 432
Tess of the D’Urbervilles, 432
Under the Greenwood Tree, 432
Hare, Thomas, 295
Hargreaves, Alan and Rex, 352
Hargreaves, James, 249
Harland, Henry, 552, 555
Harmsworth, Alfred (later Viscount Northcliffe), 590–1
Harmsworth, Harold Sidney (later 1st Viscount Rothermere), 590–1
Harney, George Julian, 113–14, 118
Harris, Frank, 560, 564, 597
Harrow School, 281, 289–90
Harrington, Marquess of see Devonshire, 8th Duke of
Hastings, Lady Flora, 54
Hastings, Warren, 202, 208
Havelock, Brigadier-General (Sir) Henry, 212, 216–17
‘Hawarden Kite’(1885), 455–6
Headlam, Rev. Stewart, 510
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 111, 147, 169, 231, 235, 349, 520, 570
height (stature): average, 446
Helmholtz, Hermann, 494
Henty, George Alfred, 259–60, 339
Hercegovina, 394
heresy-hunting, 169–71
Herschell, Rev. V., 270
Hertz, Heinrich, 494
Hewitt, Major-General W.H., 204–5
Hibbert, Platt & Son (cotton spinners), 138
Hicks, Harriet, 310–11
Hicks, General William (Hicks Pasha), 467–8
Hicks Beach, Sir Michael (later Earl St Aldwyn), 478, 530
High Church see Oxford Movement
Hignett Brothers (tobacco company), 198
Hill, David Octavius, 437
Hill, Frank Harrison, 461
Hill, Geoffrey, 166
Hill, Rowland, 128
Hillegas, Howard, 610
Hindlip, Henry Allsopp, 1st Baron, 583
Hinduism, 201–2
Hirth, Monsignor, 491
Hitler, Adolf, 187
Hobhouse, Emily, 612
Hodges, E., 143
Hodgson, Harriet, Lady, 215
Hogarth, George, 411
Holford, R.S., 382
holidays see leisure
Holland, Canon Henry Scott, 370
Holmes, Sherlock (fictional character), 521, 527–9
see also Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
Holstein, 239–40
Holy Land, 171–3, 186
home management, 261
Home Rule see Ireland
Home Rule Bill (1886), 479
homosexuality, 290–1, 448, 561–2, 564–7
and imperialism, 597–600
Hong Kong, 124
Hooker, Sir William Jackson, 229
Hopkins, Gerard Manley, 554
Hoppen, K. Theodore, 75
Horner, John, 558
horse racing, 409–10, 584–5
Horsefield, John, 96
hospitals: and VD, 308, 310
houses
of wealthy, 382–3
see also country houses
housing
middle class, 262
poor condition, 23
for working classes, 443
Housman, Alfred Edward: A Shropshire Lad, 566–7
Howe, Joseph, 29
Howick, Henry George, Viscount (later 3rd Earl Grey), 49
Howley, William, Archbishop of Canterbury, 26
Huddleston, Sir John, 422
Hudson, Derek, 322
Hueffer, Francis, 412
Hughes, Thomas, 270, 292, 296–7, 367
Tom Brown’s Schooldays, 263, 276–7, 279, 286–7, 289, 330
Hungary, 393
see also Austria-Hungary
Hunt, Diana Holman: My Grandfather, 162
Hunt, G.W., 399n
Hunt, William Holman
and Annie Miller, 161–2
and black people, 258
and Pre-Raphaelitism, 159
revivalism, 185
visit to Palestine, 171
The Awakening Conscience (painting), 161, 163–4
British Family Succouring a Christian (painting), 160
The Light of the World (painting), 159–60, 163–4
The Scapegoat (painting), 171
Hussey, Rev. Dr (prison chaplain), 339
Hutton, James, 97
Hutton, Richard Holt, 462
Huxley, Francis, 229
Huxley, Thomas Henry, 228–9, 298, 304, 317, 376–7, 462
Hyde Park, London: as site of Great Exhibition, 130, 136
hymns, 103–4, 378
Hyndman, Henry Mayers, 444, 480, 511
Idealism, 520, 569–70, 606–7
Ignatius, Father (Dewi Honddu), 438, 452
Ilbert, Sir Courtenay, 499
Illustrated London News (magazine), 142, 145, 213, 218
Imperial British East Africa Company, 491
Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, 144
imperialism
in Africa, 486–92
and British dominance, 603, 607
and domestic over-population, 512
Kipling on, 496
and manliness and homosexuality, 597–601
and new world-order, 547
and racial attitudes, 258–60, 499
see also colonies; empire
Independent Labour Party, 546, 573–4, 577–9, 581, 591, 594
India
British expansion in, 125
British rule in (‘Raj’), 48, 220, 222, 499–5
01
as cholera source, 34
education in, 499–500
Hindu-Mohammedan friction in, 499, 506
land tenure in, 202
nationalism and independence movement in, 206, 500–1, 600
partition (1947), 498–9
perceptions of, 258–9
post-Mutiny distrust in, 222
and racial attitudes, 209, 258–9
reforms resisted, 221–2
religion in, 202
and Russian threat, 124, 173, 389
and Suez Canal, 389–90, 465
transferred to Crown (1858), 218, 221
troops employed overseas, 400
Victoria proclaimed Empress of, 218, 390–1
see also East India Company; Indian Mutiny; Suez Canal
Indian Mutiny (1857–8) army reforms following, 500
atrocities and reprisals in, 207–9, 212–15
causes, 126, 201, 206–7
cholera in, 210
civilian involvement in, 206–7
and Delhi Declaration, 205–6
as independence movement, 206
Indian support for British in, 207
outbreak and spread, 204–6
perceptions of and reactions to, 217–23
popular attitude to, 120
warnings of, 204
see also sepoys
Indian National Congress, 206, 500
industrial expansion see economic growth
Industrial Revolution, 61, 98–9, 575
industry, rural, 31
Infants’ Custody Act (1925), 306
Infants’ Custody Bill (1830), 306
Inkerman, battle of (1854), 183, 186
Innes, Rev. John, 226
‘intuitionist’ school of philosophy, 110
Invincibles (Ireland), 453
Ireland
British army recruitment from, 193, 357
British attitudes to people of, 69, 75–6, 80, 82–3, 120
Catholic immigrants from, 82, 120, 140, 367
Catholicism in, 68–9, 78, 101
and Chartism, 116, 118
cholera in, 35, 83
Church Disestablishment, 338, 361, 371
crime in, 78
divorce not legalised in, 234
and election (1885), 478
emigration from, 80–1
evictions, 451
famine, 62, 74–83, 116, 185, 452
and Fenianism, 127, 138–9, 357
Gladstone’s mission in, 85
Harriet Martineau on, 153
Home Rule question, 250, 450, 453–4, 456, 460, 462, 479–80, 512, 516, 531, 591
landlords and holdings in, 77–80, 83, 111, 451, 455, 530–1
living conditions in, 79, 451
nationalist violence in, 453
Oxford Movement on, 101
‘Plan of Campaign’ in, 530
as political ‘question’, 62, 70, 449, 460, 512, 516, 530–1
population, 77
potato as staple diet in, 76, 78
poverty in, 78–9, 83, 452, 460
Protestant Ascendancy in, 78, 371
protests at corn exports from, 79–82
railways in, 72, 77
religion in, 451–2
rent enforcement in, 455–6
republicanism, 127
transportation from, 126–7
Victoria visits, 242, 502
Irish Church Bill (1869), 361
Irish Coercion Bill (1845), 73, 76
Irish Land Acts
(1870), 338, 361
(1881), 455, 530
iron and steel production, 15
Isandhlwana, battle of (1879), 401
Ismail, Khedive of Egypt, 389
Italy
independence movement in, 90, 123
and papacy, 516
united, 343
visitors to, 84–91
Jack the Ripper, 440, 521, 525–7
Jackson, Dr F.D.S., 597
Jacob’s Island, Bermondsey, 155
Jamaica
Assembly, 53
importance as colony, 48
made Crown Colony, 270
Mary Seacole in, 177
population, 269
slaves freed, 53
unrest and riots in, 48, 53, 126, 269–72
see also Eyre, Edward John
Jamaica Committee, 270, 298
James, Henry, 413, 442, 483–4, 558, 568–9
The Awkward Age, 459
The Golden Bowl, 484
Portrait of a Lady, 484
The Princess Casamassima, 442, 445
The Turn of the Screw, 568–9
What Maisie Knew, 459
James, Lawrence, 490
James, William, 569
Jameson Raid (1895), 596, 604–6, 609
Jarrett, Rebecca, 475–6
Jefferson, Thomas, 249
Jenkins, Fleeming, 232
Jenkins, Roy, Baron, 358, 458
Jenney, William Le Baron, 494
Jerrold, Douglas, 167
Jerusalem, 172–3
Jesus Christ
as man-god, 162
and miracles, 106
views of, 167
Jews
George Eliot on, 408
immigrants, 403, 511, 525
in Parliament, 408
see also anti-Semitism
Jewsbury, Geraldine, 333
Jex-Blake, Dr Sophia, 312
Jhansi, 220
jingoism, 399–400, 423
Johannesburg, 606, 609
John Bull (weekly), 127
Johnson, Colonel Chardin, 222
Johnson, Lionel, 552–4, 563
Johnson, Rev. Paul, 199
Johnson, Samuel, 131, 248, 333
Johnston, Dr Charles, 34
Jones, Ernest, 116, 119
Jones, Sir Henry, 593
Jones, Kennedy, 590
Jordan, Dorothea, 24
journalism see New Journalism; Press, the; Stead, William Thomas
Jowett, Benjamin, 83, 327–8, 344, 350, 364, 425
Joy, G.W.: Gordon’s Last Stand (painting), 470–1
Joyce, James, 536
Joynes, J.L., 577
‘July monarchy’ (Louis Philippe of France), 114
Jung, Carl Gustav, 106
Kabbalah, 551–2
Kanpur (Cawnpore)
on Independence Day, 222–3
in Indian Mutiny, 207–8, 210–14
Kant, Immanuel, 520
Karim, Abdul (‘the Munshi’), 505–6, 616
Kars, Armenia, 187
Keate, John, 292
Keble, John, 101, 361, 366
Kelvin, William Thomson, Baron, 232
Kemble, Fanny, 95
Kennedy, Benjamin Hall, 280
Kennington
Chartist demonstration at, 118, 123
model housing, 57
Kensal Green cemetery, 541–3, 545
Kensington Ladies’ Discussion Society, 313
Kent, Constance, 266–8
Kent, Prince Edward, Duke of (George III’s son), 24
Kent, Victoire, Duchess of, Princess of Leiningen (Queen Victoria’s mother), 24–6, 54
death, 241–2
Keynes, John Maynard, Baron, 58, 592
Khalifa (Dervish), 607
Khartoum, 468–72, 493, 607
see also Sudan
Kilvert, Revd Francis: diaries, 426
King, Rev. Bryan, 367
King, Edward, Bishop of Lincoln, 519
King Edward’s School, Birmingham, 63
Kinglake, Alexander William
Eothen, 186
Invasion of the Crimea, 186
Kingscole, Captain Nigel, 179
Kingsley, Charles
character, 295–7
and Chartism, 45
Christian Socialism, 149, 296, 516
dispute with Newman, 302
funeral, 296
sexuality, 299–302
/> supports Governor Eyre, 270
tutors Prince of Wales, 273
views and opinions, 297–9, 516
Alton Lock, 149, 296
St Elizabeth of Hungary, 300–1
The Water Babies, 263, 295, 298–9, 303–4
Yeast, 148–9, 296
Kingsley, Fanny (née Grenfell), 298–301
Kipling, Alice (Rudyard’s mother), 169n
Kipling, Rudyard
love of India, 222
and manliness, 600–2
qualities, 495–8, 500
‘Beyond the Pale’, 497–8
Kim, 498
‘The King’, 496
‘McAndrew’s Hymn’, 495
‘Mandalay’, 496, 549, 553
Plain Tales from the Hills, 497
‘Recessional’, 602
Stalky and Co., 600
‘Thrown Away’, 498
‘The White Man’s Burden’, 496–7
Kirkman, John Edward, 254
Kirwan, Daniel, 525
Kitchener, Field Marshal Horatio Herbert, 1st Earl, 471, 598–9, 607–8, 611–12
Knight, Charles, 437
Knock, South Mayo (Ireland), 451–2
Knowlton, Charles L., 448
Koch, Robert, 157
Korn, Eric, 526
Kruger, Stephanus Johannes Paulus, 596, 605–6, 608–9
Ku Klux Klan, 256
Kunwar Singh, Raja, 213
Labouchere, Henry (later 1st Baron Taunton), 66, 130, 448
Labour Annual, The, 578
Labour Party, 194, 445, 573, 576–8, 592
see also Independent Labour Party
Labuan (East Indies), 124
Lacaita, Sir Joseph, 85
Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, 480
Ladysmith, 610–11, 613
laissez-faire, 75, 80, 148, 151
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste Antoine Pierre, Chevalier de, 96–7, 224
Lamartine, Alphonse de, 123
Lamb, Charles, 36
Lambert and Butler (tobacco manufacturers), 198
Lamington, Alexander Cochrane-Baillie, 1st Baron, 65
La Mont, John, 43
Lancashire: cotton industry, 248–50, 253–4, 257, 513
Lancet, The (journal), 35–6, 312
Land League (Ireland), 452, 454–5, 531
land ownership, 427, 583, 586, 588, 594
in Ireland, 77–80, 83, 111, 451, 455, 520–1
Lang, John, 213
Lansdowne, Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of, 39–40, 190, 382
Lascelles family, 50
la Touche, Rose, 325–6
Lawrence, Sir Henry, 216–17
Lawrence, Sir Thomas, 193
Lawson, Malcolm, 510
Layard, Sir Austen Henry, 191–2
learning see autodidacticism; education
Lecky, William Edward Hartpole, 322
Le Corbusier (Charles Edouard Jeanneret), 144
Lecours, M., 474
Lehzen, Louisa, Baroness, 25
Leigh-Smith, Barbara see Bodichon, Mme
Leighton, Frederic, Baron, 322
leisure, 409–10
Leisure Hour (periodical), 93
Lenin, Vladimir Ilich, 441–2, 590
Leno, Dan, 521, 523–4
Leo XIII, Pope, 515, 517
