The Great Silence
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Lusitania (ship), 84
Luton: town hall burnt by ex-servicemen, 121
Lutyens, Sir Edwin, 52, 109, 145, 263-5
Lutyens, Revd William, 22
Macarthur, Mary, 74
McEvoy, Ambrose, 58, 106, 242
Mackintosh, Captain Angus and Lady Maud (née Cavendish), 223
Macmillan, Lady Dorothy (née Cavendish), 223, 228
Macmillan, Harold (later 1st Earl of Stockton), 223, 228
Maggs, Guardsman J., 62
Magill, Ivan, 59
make-up (cosmetics), 158–9, 178
Manley, Sister, 135
Mansfield, Katherine, 249
Maria Feodorovna, Dowager Empress of Russia, 82
Marie, Queen of Romania, 104
Markham, Sir Charles, 231
Markievicz, Constance, Countess, 75, 168
Marlborough, HMS, 82
marriage: and remarriage, 45–7
Marshall, Albert (‘Smiler’), 22
Mary, Princess, 15
Mary, Queen: contributes to Sidcup hospital, 57;
attends Hyde Park assembly of returned soldiers, 72;
hair turns grey, 87;
lifestyle, 87–8;
and death of son John, 88–90;
at court balls, 104;
and Peace Parade, 110–11;
at Balmoral, 120;
dress, 162;
welcomes Prince of Wales back from overseas tour, 162–3;
at Macmillan wedding, 228;
distress at ceremony of Unknown Warrior, 273
Masefield, John, 255
masks see faces
Massine, Léonide, 216–17
Massingham, H. J., 176
Matisse, Henri, 216
Means Test, 3
Meaton, John, 68
Melba, Dame Nellie, 103, 214–15
Meller, Raquel, 236
Melsom, Lieutenant Robert, 66
Memoir Club, 258
mental trauma: symptoms, 63–4;
treatment, 65–7
Meuse: US soldiers killed on Armistice Day, 27
Meyrick, Kate, 160
Michelin Tyre Company, 99
Mills & Boon (publishers), 207
Mills, Captain W B., 86
Mitford family, 212
Mitford, Nancy, 39, 212
Mitford, Pamela, 212
Mitford, Thomas (Tom), 38–9, 211–13
Moate, Henry, 192-3
Mond, Sir Alfred, 109, 264-5
Moore, G. E., 111
Morning Post, 263
Morrell, Julian, 237
Morrell, Lady Ottoline, 34, 137, 233-41, 249
Morrell, Philip, 233–4
Mosley, (Sir) Oswald, 35, 169
motor-cars, 9, 196, 200
Moule, Handley Carr Glyn, Bishop of Durham, 86
Mountbatten, Lord Louis (later 1st Earl), 258
movies see films
Muir, Corporal Ward, 59
Murphy, Revd Mr (of St Matthew’s, Bayswater), 144
Murray, George, 160
music, 8, 61, 151-2, 155
music hall songs, 9
Mussolini, Benito, 106
Myers, C. S., 65
Neale, Lucy, 209
New York: anticipates war’s end, 30
Newcastle upon Tyne: housing shortage, 80
Newman’s (band), 227
Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia, 82
Nicholson, Nancy (Mrs Robert Graves), 172-3, 256
Nicolson, Ben, 250
Nicolson, Sir Harold: at war’s end, 29;
and Versailles Treaty, 106-8, 116;
and wife Vita’s affair with Violet Trefusis, 250
Nicolson, Nigel, 250
night clubs, 153, 156-7
Nijinsky, Vaslav, 216
Noakes, George, 132
Noakes, Tom, 49, 176
Nodes (undertaker), 267
Northcliffe, Alfred Harmsworth, Viscount, 254
Novello, Ivor, 45, 152
occult: belief in, 97–8
Onions, Maude, 12, 26–7, 33, 42, 93
opera: revival, 103–4
Original Dixieland Jazz Band, 155–7, 251
Orlando, Vittorio, 107
Orpen, Sir William, 242, 252
Osborne, E. P., 67
Otford, Kent, 22
Ovaltine, 177
Owen, Susan and Tom, 32
Owen, Wilfred, 16, 32, 66-7, 220;
‘Dulce et Decorum Est’ (poem), 18
Oxford University: women undergraduates, 8, 254–5
Oxo, 94
Pall Mall Gazette, 163
Palmer, Herbert Alfred, 62
Pals Battalions, 14
Pankhurst, Christabel, 74
Parade (ballet), 217
Paris: on Armistice Day 1918, 28;
Peace Conference and Treaty (1919), 85, 106, 115
Parish, Ethel, 92
Parish, Pam, 49-51, 124, 143, 213
Parish, Stella, 124
Parliament: women in, 167–71
patriotism, 17
Paxton, Sir Joseph, 224–5
Peace Parade, 108–11, 121–2
Peacehaven, Sussex, 81
Peelings (house), Pevensey, Sussex, 222–3
Pelmanism, 98
Pembroke, Reginald Herbert, 15th Earl of, 251
Pershing, General John Joseph, 27
Petty-Fitzmaurice, Charles, 45
Petty-Fitzmaurice, Henry, 46
Picasso, Pablo, 216-18
Pickford, Mary, 228
Ping Yoo, Ada Song, 134
plastic surgery, 55-61
Pleasley near, Bolsover, 226
Poiret, Paul, 173, 175
police: strikes, 79, 130
Poplar: life in, 122
Portland, William Cavendish-Bentinck, 6th Duke of, 157, 159
Portland, Winifred, Duchess of, 175
poverty: prevalence, 3
Pratt, Herman, 84
Pridham, First Lieutenant Sir Francis, 82
promiscuity, 160–1
prostitutes: in Great War, 23–4;
increase, 160-1
Proust, Marcel, 107
Punch (magazine), 159, 191
Pyddoke, Revd Mr (of Pleasley), 226
race relations, 129, 131
Rafter, Eileen, 207-8
Ragas, Harry, 155
ragtime (dance music), 155
Railton, Revd David, 266, 270
rationing: reduced and abolished, 102
Rawlinson, General Sir Henry, 14
Rector’s (club), 153
Reeves Smith, Sir George (Savoy Hotel manager), 186
Reid, Hilda, 260
remembrance, act of (two-minutes’ silence), 140-7, 272
Renton, John, 46
Representation of the People Act (1918), 74
Restoration of Pre-War Practices Act (1919), 188
Reynolds, Harry, 62
Richardson, Private John, 42
Richardson, Philip, 154
Riddell, George Allardice, Baron, 254
Ripon, Constance Gladys, Marchioness of, 103, 152
Rivers, Dr William, 66-7, 245
Roberts, Mrs Robert, 161, 249
Roberts, Robert, 161, 171
Robey, George, 156
Roe, Humphrey, 123
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 83
Royal Society of Medicine: opposes contraception, 125
Rubinstein, Arthur, 137
Rugby school, 53
Russell, Bertrand, 233, 239
Russia: Bolshevik Revolution (1917), 71, 85;
British troops in Civil War (1918-19), 76, 177
Rutherford, Lieutenant Colonel Norman, 68
Rutland, Violet, Duchess of, 111, 114
Ryle, Rt Revd Herbert, Dean of Westminster, 266
Sackville, Victoria, Lady, 84, 109, 113, 189
Sackville-West, Vita, 36, 109, 250
Saint-Pol-sur-Ternois, France, 267
Salford: prostitutes in, 161;
Roberts’ shop 111, 161, 171, 249
Sargent, John Singer, 18, 252
Sassoon, Siegfried: on waking, 1;
war service, 23;
disgust at Armistice celebrations, 33;
on noise of passing shell, 50–6;
treated by William Rivers, 66;
on survivors, 183;
relations with Ottoline Morrell, 233–4;
disapproves of unknown soldier proposal, 267;
‘Blighters’ (poem), 20–1;
‘Suicide in the Trenches’ (poem), 17
Satie, Erik, 217
Saturday Review, 168, 182
Savory & Moore (chemists), 134
Savoy Hotel, London: and influenza epidemic, 94;
bookings and popularity, 154–5, 187;
Christmas shopping service, 178;
Christmas menu, 181;
Reeves Smith manages, 186;
staff unrest, 187-8, 218;
Ballets Russes dancers stay at, 218
Sayers, Dorothy L., 259
Schell, Sherrill, 53
Schmidt’s restaurant, London, 84
Scott, Kathleen, 59
Scovell, Doris, 35, 201-6
Seaford, Sussex, 131
seaside: holidays and outings, 132–3
Seely, General John Edward Bernard (later ist Baron Mottistone), 106
Selby-Bigge, Joanna, 92-3, 95
Selby-Bigge, John, 92
servants: and employment, 188–96
Sewell, Private Horace (’Paddy’), 58
sex: and openness, 123–6
Sex Disqualification Act (1919), 172, 258
Shackleton, Sir Ernest, 119, 150-1, 219
Shaw, George Bernard: on T. E. Lawrence, 121
Shaw, James, 95
shell shock, 64–7
Shirlaw, Mickey, 62
Shoulder Arms (film), 85
Sibthorpe (property developer), 227
Sickert, Walter, 240
Sidcup, Kent: The Queen’s Hospital, 57-8, 61-2
silence (two-minute) see remembrance, act of
Singh, Rajah Sir Harry, 197
Sinn Fein: in December 1918 election, 75
establishes separate parliament in Ireland, 77;
Ottoline Morrell supports, 236
Sitwell, Sir George, 192
Sitwell, Ida, Lady, 192
Sitwell, Osbert, 34, 36, 218
Sitwell, Sacheverell, 36–7, 217–18
Skelton, Lieutenant, 24
Sketch (journal), 178, 182, 257
Smillie, Robert, 79-80
Smith, Frank, 206
Smith, Keith Macpherson, 150
Smith, Ross, 150
Smith, W. H. (stationers), 253
Smyth, Ethel, 98
Somme, battle of the (1916), 15-16
Sourbutts (undertaker), 267
South (film), 151, 219
Soveral, Luis, Marquis de, 11, 15, 103
Spectator (magazine), 78–9
Spender, Stephen, 132
spiritualism, 96–7
sport, 105
Stewart, Patrick Shaw, 113
Stopes, Marie, 123-6, 161;
Married Love, 124, 126;
Wise Parenthood, 125
Stornoway, Isle of Lewis, 70
Storrs, Sir Ronald, 115
Strachey, Lytton, 36, 237
Strand magazine, 250
Stravinsky, Igor: Pulcinella (ballet), 215
street games, 210
strikes see industrial unrest
suffragettes, 2
suicide: among ex-servicemen, 67
Sutton, Francis Manners, 221
‘Tabloid’ (drug), 65
Tailor and Cutter (magazine), 184
Tatler (magazine), 15, 139, 148, 151, 156-7, 163, 184
Taylor, A. J. P., 14
Tester, Bobby, 38
Tester, Edward, 37–8
Tester, Elizabeth, 37–8
Tester, Norah, 38
Tester, Robert, 38
Thierry, M. H., 100
Thomas, Edward, 41, 243–4, 247
Thomas, Godfrey, 181
Thomas, James Henry, 79
Thomas, Lowell: talk and film on Allenby and Lawrence, 115, 116–20, 219
Thompson, Sir Henry, 6
Thorndyke, Sybil, 45
Thorpe, Adam, 209
Three-Cornered Hat, The (ballet), 216-17
Tiger see Gomme, Lionel
Times, The: announces Kaiser’s abdication, 29;
on influenza epidemic, 95;
on Pelmanism, 98;
on Cenotaph, 121;
on name for Great War, 127;
death announcements of war wounded, 143;
on two-minute silence, 145–7;
advertisement from troubled woman, 148;
advertises dancing lessons, 154;
on Buckingham Palace drinking, 163;
on Lady Astor’s parliamentary victory, 170–1;
advertisements for servants, 190;
on modern ballet, 217;
on film J’Accuse, 219–20;
on decline of great houses, 229;
on memorials for war dead, 265;
on burial of unknown soldier, 269
Titanic (ship), 214
Titley Will, 35, 201, 204-6
Tonks, Henry, 18, 58-9, 242, 244-5
Trades Union Congress: membership, 75;
and housing shortage, 80
Trefusis, Violet (née Keppel), 16, 20, 35-6
trench foot, 22
Trinder, Second Lieutenant John, 68
Triple Alliance (trade unions), 78
Tweeddale, Marguerite Christine, Marchioness of, 202–4
unemployment, 3, 71, 76–7, 210
United States of America: and war’s end, 27, 30;
deaths from influenza epidemic, 95;
conscription (1917), 115;
Prince of Wales visits, 162-3;
prohibition, 184–5
Unknown Soldier, 1, 266–74
Valentino, Rudolph, 45
venereal disease, 23
Vernon, George, 113
Versailles, Treaty of (1919), 107-8
Vicarage, A. B., 60
Victoria, Queen: at Chatsworth, 224–5
Vionnet, Madame (fashion designer), 173
Vogue (magazine), 178–9, 182, 257
Voranov, Serge, 253–4
Wade, Rubens, 59
war graves, 27, 99
war memorials, 264-5; see also Cenotaph
war wounded: effects and treatment, 48-51;
causes, 51-2
Ward, Mrs Humphry, 258
Waugh, Alec, 142
Waugh, Benjamin, 241
Waugh, Evelyn, 142
Wearing, Gladys, 124
Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, 159
West, Rebecca: The Return of the Soldier, 236
West Indies: volunteers serve in forces, 130-1
wheelchairs, 47
Whibley, Charles, 101
white feathers, 13
White’s Oyster Shop, Chancery Lane, London, 202
Wilde, Oscar, 24
Wilhelm II, Kaiser: abdication and exile in Holland, 28–9;
and George V, 82-3;
vilified, 84
Williams, Mrs Hwfa, 103
Wilson, Sir Henry, 76
Wilson, Captain Jono, 61
Wilson, Woodrow, 107, 163-4
wireless (radio), 214–15
With Allenby in Palestine (and the Liberation of Holy Arabia) (film), 117-18
With Lawrence in Arabia (film), 117
women: position of, 2;
voting rights, 2–3, 172;
supposed emotionalism, 6–7;
war work and service, 20, 258;
and wartime prostitution, 23–4;
infidelity to serving soldiers, 43, 68;
dress and make-up, 44, 158–60, 173–8, 207;
as parliamentary candidates, 74;
and sexual knowledge, 124–5;
and promiscuity, 160–1;
in Parliament, 167–71;
emancipation and independence, 171–2, 188–9, 258;
post-war employment, 188;
at Oxford, 254–5, 258;
unmarried after war, 260; see also divorce
Women’s Institute, 175–6
Wood, Francis Derwent, 52–3, 55, 265
Wood Green, Battle of, 130
Wood Hall, Essex, 213
Woolf, Leonard, 101, 127, 132, 195, 258
Woolf, Virginia: on Armistice Day, 41;
buys chocolate after war, 102;
opposes Peace Parade, 108;
publishes Eliot’s Poems, 127;
essay on Kew Gardens, 179;
on servants, 190;
on Ottoline Morrell’s voice, 234;
Ottoline Morrell on, 235;
mental problems, 245;
on tragic life, 258;
Jacob’s Room, 258
Woolley, Geoffrey, 143
wristwatches, 184
Wyatt, Brigadier General L. J., 267, 273
Yelland, Louis, 65
York, Prince Albert George, Duke of, 72
Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA), 48
Younghusband, General George and Florence, 31-2
Zola, Emile, 220
Plaster casts at the Paris studio of sculptor Anna Coleman Ladd were taken from injured faces. The ‘restored’ face masks were painted to match skin tone to give a convincing reality to the mask. Most recipients were eventually buried in the masks, wary of revealing their injuries to the world, even in death
Above left: Chinese workers were brought in to clear up the devastated battlefields of France in preparation for visits from those anxious to see where their loved ones had fallen
Above right: Full or partial prosthetics made of galvanised tin were used to cover up some of the more horrific facial scarring of trench warfare
Left: Harold Gillies, leading plastic surgeon at the Queen’s Hospital at Sidcup, Kent, made detailed drawings of facially damaged men before operating on their injuries
Soldiers at Roehampton Hospital in London, centre for prosthetic limbs. Over 41,000 men lost at least one limb during the war. Government compensation for loss of a full limb was worth sixteen shillings a week. Allowances stopped at anything above the neckline
Disabled and unemployed veterans selling bootlaces and matches were a common sight in city streets after the First World War
The ‘thousand-yard stare’ into vacancy was a familiar sight in victims of shell shock
London buses were sprayed against infection during the great flu epidemic of 1918–19, which turned its victims’ skin the colour of polished amethyst. Fifty million people worldwide are estimated to have died of the virus, three times as many as were killed in the First World War
Junior diplomat Harold Nicolson (second left, front), in one of the sessions at the Paris Peace Conference in the summer of 1919, which he described in every detail to Marcel Proust, being careful not to forget the macaroons