Blacklisted By History

Home > Other > Blacklisted By History > Page 32
Blacklisted By History Page 32

by M. Stanton Evans


  * * *

  Table 1. The Lee List

  (alphabetical order, not case numbers)

  1. Alexander, Dorothy

  2. Arndt, Ernest

  3. Barnett, Robert

  4. Berman, Harold

  5. Blaisdell, Donald

  6. Borton, Hugh

  7. Brunauer, Esther

  8. Burlingame, Robert

  9. Cameron, Gertrude

  10. Carlisle, Lois

  11. Carter, William

  12. Demerjian, Alice

  13. DeMoretz, Shirley

  14. Dubois, Cora

  15. Elinson, Marcelle

  16. Eminowitz, Halina

  17. Ferry, Frances

  18. Fierst, Herbert

  19. Fine, Sherwood

  20. Fishback, Sam

  21. Fishburn, John

  22. Fornos, Joseph

  23. Fournier, Norman

  24. Gordon, Estelle

  25. Graze, Gerald

  26. Graze, Stanley

  27. Gross, Aaron

  28. Hankin, Robert

  29. Harrison, Marcia

  30. Horwin, Leonard

  31. Hughes, H. S.

  32. Hunt, Victor

  33. Illyefalvi-Vitez, G.

  34. Jackson, Malcolm

  35. Jankowski, Joseph

  36. Josephson, Joseph

  37. Kamarck, Andrew

  38. Kaufman, Arthur

  39. Lansberg, Hans

  40. Lazarus, Theodore

  41. Lemon, Edythe

  42. Lewis, Preston

  43. Lifantieff-Lee, P.

  44. Lindsey, John R.

  45. Lloyd, David

  46. Lorwin, Val

  47. Lovell, Leander

  48. Lunning, Just

  49. McDavid, Raven

  50. Magnite, Sylvia

  51. Magruder, John

  52. Mallon, Dwight

  53. Mann, Gottfried

  54. Margolies, Daniel

  55. Margolin, Arnold

  56. Martin, Shirley

  57. Martingale, Rose

  58. Meigs, Peveril

  59. Miller, Robert

  60. Montague, Ella

  61. Moore, Leith

  62. Neal, Fred

  63. Ness, Norman

  64. Neumann, Franz

  65. Osnatch, Olga

  66. Parker, Glen

  67. Parsons, Ruby

  68. Perkins, Isham

  69. Pesto, Paula

  70. Peter, Hollis

  71. Polyzoides, T. A.

  72. Posner, Margery

  73. Post, Richard

  74. Raine, Philip

  75. Randolph, David

  76. Rennie, Leonard

  77. Robinson, Jay

  78. Rommel, Rowena

  79. Rose, Ernest

  80. Rosenthal, Albert

  81. Ross, Lewis

  82. Ross, Robert

  83. Rothwell, George

  84. Royce, Edith

  85. Rudlin, Walter

  86. Salmon, Thomas

  87. Schimmel, Sylvia

  88. Shell, Melvin

  89. Shevlin, Lorraine

  90. Siegal, Herman

  91. Smith, Frederick

  92. Smith, Samuel

  93. Smothers, Frank

  94. Stoianoff, Stoian

  95. Stone, William

  96. Taylor, Jeanne

  97. Thomson, Charles

  98. Thursz, Jonathan

  99. Toory, Frank

  100. Tuchscher, Frances

  101. Tuckerman, Gustavus

  102. Vincent, John C.

  103. Volin, Max

  104. Washburne, Carleton

  105. Wilcox, Stanley

  106. Wilfert, Howard

  107. Wood, James

  108. Yuhas, Helen

  * * *

  However, we do now have the names, and with them can answer some of the questions glossed over in the standard treatments. (The complete lists of Lee-McCarthy cases are given in Tables 1 and 2, followed by some relevant breakdowns in succeeding tables.) On the substance of the matter, we of course need something more than names and numbers, which in themselves say nothing about the merits of the cases. As with the speech at Wheeling, this purely numerical focus is a bit of a sideshow. But since these matters were stressed so much by Tydings and the State Department, and still are by McCarthy critics, they can hardly be avoided.

  * * *

  Table 2. Names Submitted to Tydings in Writing by McCarthy

  (alphabetical order, not case numbers)

  1. Arndt, Ernest

  2. Askwith, E. J.

  3. Barnett, P.

  4. Barnett, R.

  5. Berman, Harold

  6. Blaisdell, Donald

  7. Brunauer, Esther

  8. Cameron, Gertrude

  9. Carlisle, Lois

  10. Carter, William

  11. Chipchin, Nelson

  12. Clucas, Lowell

  13. Davies, John Paton

  14. Delgado, Mucio

  15. Demerjian, Alice

  16. Dubois, Cora

  17. Erdos, Arpad

  18. Ferry, Frances

  19. Fierst, Herbert

  20. Fishback, Sam

  21. Fishburn, John

  22. Ford (Fornos), Joseph

  23. Gordon, Stella

  24. Grad, Andrew

  25. Grandahl, T. Conrad

  26. Graze, Gerald

  27. Graze, Stanley

  28. Gross, Aaron

  29. Harris, Reed

  30. Harrison, Martha

  31. Henkin, Louis

  32. Horwin, Leonard

  33. Hulten, Charles

  34. Hunt, Victor

  35. Illyefalvi-Vitez, G.

  36. Ingram, George

  37. Jankowski, John

  38. Jessup, Philip

  39. Josephson, Joseph

  40. Kamarck, Andrew

  41. Katusich, Ivan

  42. Kaufman, Arthur

  43. Lansberg, Hans

  44. Lemon, Edythe

  45. Less, Esther

  46. Lewis, Preston

  47. Lifantieff-Lee, P.

  48. Lindsey, Richard

  49. Lloyd, David

  50. Lorwin, Val

  51. Ludden, Raymond

  52. Magnite, Sylvia

  53. Mann, Gottfried

  54. Margolies, Daniel

  55. Meeker, Leonard

  56. Meigs, Peveril

  57. Miller, Robert

  58. Montague, Ella

  59. Neal, Fred

  60. Nelson, Clarence

  61. Ness, Norman

  62. Neumann, Franz

  63. Newbegin, Robert

  64. Osnatch, Olga

  65. Parsons, Ruby

  66. Perkins, Isham

  67. Peter, Hollis

  68. Polyzoides, T. A.

  69. Posner, Margery

  70. Posniak, Edward

  71. Post, Richard

  72. Raine, Philip

  73. Ramon, Josephine

  74. Randolph, Jay

  75. Rapaport, A.

  76. Remington, William

  77. Robinson, Jay

  78. Rommel, Rowena

  79. Ross, Lewis

  80. Ross, Robert

  81. Rothwell, George

  82. Rowe, James

  83. Sanders, William

  84. Schimmel, Sylvia

  85. Shell, Melvin

  86. Siegal, Herman

  87. Smith, Frederick

  88. Smith, Samuel

  89. Stoianoff, Stoian

  90. Stone, William

  91. Tate, Jack

  92. Taylor, Jeanne

  93. Thomson, Charles

  94. Tuchscher, Frances

  95. Tuckerman, Gustavus

  96. Vincent, John C.

  97. Volin, Max

  98. Washburne, Carleton

  99. Wilcox, Stanley

  100. Wood, James

  101. Yuhas, Helen
<
br />   102. Zablodowsky, David

  Additional Names Brought Forward by McCarthy/Morris During Tydings Hearings

  103. Adler, Solomon

  104. Barnes, Joseph

  105. Bisson, T. A.

  106. Brunauer, S.

  107. Chew Hong

  108. Chi Chao Ting

  109. Chi Kung Chuan

  110. Clubb, O. Edmund

  111. Duran, Gustavo

  112. Geiger, Theodore

  113. Hanson, Haldore

  114. Keeney, Mary Jane

  115. Kenyon, Dorothy

  116. Lattimore, Owen

  117. Lovell, Leander

  118. Roth, Andrew

  119. Schuman, Frederick

  120. Service, John S.

  121. Shapley, Harlow

  122. Thayer, Charles W.

  123. Weintraub, David

  124. Wheeler, George

  Table 3. Non-Lee-List Names Brought Forward by McCarthy/Morris During Course of Hearings

  (alphabetical order, not case numbers)

  1. Adler

  2. Askwith

  3. Barnes

  4. Barnett, P.*139

  5. Bisson

  6. Brunauer, S.†140

  7. Chew Hong

  8. Chi Chao ting

  9. Chi Kung Chuan

  10. Chipchin

  11. Clubb

  12. Clucas

  13. Davies

  14. Delgado

  15. Duran

  16. Erdos

  17. Geiger

  18. Grad

  19. Grandahl

  20. Hanson

  21. Harris

  22. Henkin

  23. Hulten

  24. Ingram

  25. Jessup

  26. Katusich

  27. Keeney

  28. Kenyon

  29. Lattimore

  30. Less

  31. Ludden

  32. Meeker

  33. Nelson

  34. Newbegin

  35. Posniak

  36. Ramon

  37. Rapaport

  38. Remington

  39. Rowe

  40. Sanders

  41. Schuman

  42. Service

  43. Shapley

  44. Tate

  45. Thayer

  46. Weintraub

  47. Wheeler

  48. Zablodowsky

  * * *

  One thing that can be readily seen by looking at these several rosters is that when McCarthy went before the Tydings panel—though still leaning on the Lee list—he obviously did have other cases, and in substantial numbers. Of the names he and/or Morris in his behalf brought up through the close of the hearings, no fewer than forty-seven—not quite two-fifths of the total—were not alumni of the Lee list (see Table 3). As is self-evident from these cases, McCarthy thus had additional sources of information beyond the list and his effort to backtrack on its entries.

  Another point that can be tested by checking out the lists is the question of obsolescence—the contention that McCarthy’s charges were yesterday’s news, out of date in 1950. In the State Department–Tydings version, there had been security trouble at State, but this had long since been taken care of. Thanks to State’s alertness, supposedly, the bad guys had all been rousted well before the advent of McCarthy. As for any listees that remained, these had all been “cleared” somehow by someone (the 80th Congress, the FBI) and thus were not a problem. Several variations on these themes appear in State Department memos and the report that Tydings gave the Senate and are repeated often in the standard histories.

  * * *

  Table 4. McCarthy/Morris Cases Still in State Department, 1950

  (alphabetical order, not case numbers)

  1. Askwith*141

  2. Barnett, P.

  3. Barnett, R.

  4. Berman

  5. Blaisdell

  6. Brunauer, E.

  7. Cameron

  8. Carlisle

  9. Chipchin*150

  10. Clubb*152

  11. Clucas*154

  12. Davies*157

  13. Delgado*158

  14. Dubois

  15. Erdos*160

  16. Fierst

  17. Fishback

  18. Fishburn

  19. Gordon

  20. Grandahl*166

  21. Gross

  22. Hanson*167

  23. Harris*168

  24. Harrison

  25. Henkin*142

  26. Hulten*144

  27. Hunt

  28. Ingram*145

  29. Jessup*146

  30. Katusich*147

  31. Kaufman

  32. Less*151

  33. Lifantieff-Lee

  34. Lorwin

  35. Lovell

  36. Ludden*159

  37. Margolies

  38. Meeker*161

  39. Montague

  40. Nelson*164

  41. Newbegin*165

  42. Neumann

  43. Osnatch

  44. Peter

  45. Polyzoides

  46. Posniak*169

  47. Raine

  48. Rapaport*143

  49. Rommel

  50. Ross, L.

  51. Ross, R.

  52. Rothwell

  53. Rowe*148

  54. Sanders*149

  55. Schimmel

  56. Service*153

  57. Shapley*155 †156

  58. Siegel

  59. Smith, F.

  60. Stone

  61. Tate*162

  62. Thayer*163

  63. Thomson

  64. Tuchsher

  65. Tuckerman

  66. Vincent

  67. Wilcox

  68. Wood

  * * *

  But, as the reader may have noted, at no point in this rebuttal is the salient question posed and answered, namely: When McCarthy presented his cases to the Senate and the Tydings panel and in other contemporaneous statements, how many of these people were still on the job at State? Since the State Department had all the information at its fingertips, it could have answered this question very plainly. It would have been a simple matter for State itself to take the McCarthy-Morris names, compare them to its employee rosters, and tell the world how many of these people were on its payroll. But State conspicuously didn’t do this.

  Instead, Peurifoy and Co. compiled for Tydings yet another double-blind, anonymous table, comparing McCarthy’s nameless eighty with the corresponding nameless suspects from the Lee list. This was printed in tiny type, without any specific heading, well back in the appendix to the hearings.9 In this table and related statements it appears that, as of 1950, exactly half of McCarthy’s eighty cases were still at work in the department. This wasn’t actually the full muster, but even if it had been was less than totally reassuring. As noted by a few observers mildly sympathetic to McCarthy, forty cases still on the payroll were not exactly nothing. (Elsewhere, State would give the total as forty-one—itself an inaccurate, lowball figure.)

  * * *

  Table 5. McCarthy/Morris Suspects in Official Posts Other Than State Department, 1950

  1. Adler

  Treasury

  2. Brunauer, S.

  Navy

  3. Duran

  U.N.

  4. Ferry

  CIA

  5. Geiger

  ECA

  6. Graze, S.

  U.N.

  7. Kamarck

  Treasury

  8. Keeney

  U.N.

  9. Lloyd

  White House

  10. Meigs

  Army

  11. Remington

  Commerce

  12. Weintraub

  U.N.

  13. Zablodowsky

  U.N.

  * * *

  Sources: FBI analysis, March 1950; U.N. hearings of Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, 1952–1953; Tydings papers.

  McCarthy/Morris Cases on Official Payrolls, 1950

  State Department

 
67

  Other

  13

  Total

  80

  * * *

  However, this wasn’t the major point about the State Department table. As seen, McCarthy/Morris had come up with at least forty-four other names, above and beyond the opening Senate bid of eighty. What happened to these additional cases? The State Department and Senator Tydings, in their statistical comments, dealt with them in summary fashion—by ignoring them entirely. Computations as to McCarthy’s number of suspects, the residue of these at State, and overlaps with the Lee list were based solely on the initial eighty (and in some instances not all of these). The other cases for statistical purposes were treated as if they never existed—which a fortiori meant not bothering to tell anyone whether the whole contingent, some, or none, were in the State Department workforce.

  On the premise that it was McCarthy’s job to push matters forward, Tydings would be off the hook for not following up on McCarthy suspects noted only in passing or in other settings—Adler, Bisson, Chi Chao-ting, Joe Barnes—and who weren’t explicitly brought up as cases in the hearings.*170 However, most of the additional names cited by McCarthy-Morris, perhaps three dozen, were called to the attention of the panel, only to be ignored by it in rendering its final judgment.

  Of this further group of cases, the largest single block was the list of twenty-two net new names provided on March 14. These names weren’t an incidental matter but were discussed two different times in the course of the hearings. When McCarthy gave this supplemental list to Tydings, he said these were people who had been of investigative interest to the FBI and that their security files would warrant looking into. Significantly, in view of what later happened, Tydings replied that he and his staff would get right on it, saying: “We will look them up…We are glad to have them. We will look into them, examine the files, and make a report.”10

  But Tydings did none of the above—developed no substantive data on the cases and made no report about them. In the upshot, indeed, the subcommittee’s majority members refused even to ask the State Department officially about these cases. The rationale for this was the put-up-or-shut-up rejoinder: that, since McCarthy himself hadn’t presented evidence on these people, the panel would not even deign to view them. That disposed of, the twenty-two names became de facto nonexistent and vanished from the historical record.

  While dropping this group of cases down the memory hole was the single most effective measure shrinking the McCarthy caseload, other steps were taken also. We have already seen what happened with Theodore Geiger, dismissed out of hand by Tydings and thus not included in the statistics that would later be tossed around so freely. Also banished from the numerical computations were John Service, Haldore Hanson, Mary Jane Keeney, Gustavo Duran, Charles W. Thayer, O. Edmund Clubb, and all other McCarthy suspects outside the confines of the eighty. (All the people thus named were fully covered by S.R. 231, all were made known to Tydings, and all were non-Lee cases.)†171

 

‹ Prev