J. M. Allegro, The Dead Sea Scrolls (London, Penguin, 1956)
M. Burrows, More Light on the Dead Sea Scrolls (New York, Viking, 1958)
F. M. Cross, The Ancient Library of Qumran and Modern Biblical Studies (London, Duckworth, 1958; Sheffield, Sheffield University Press, 1996)
J. T. Milik, Ten Years of Discovery in the Wilderness of Judaea (London, SCM Press, 1959)
A. Dupont-Sommer, The Essene Writings from Qumran (Oxford, Blackwell, 1961)
F. M. Cross, ‘The Development of Jewish Script’, in G. E. Wright (ed.), in The Bible and the Ancient Near East (New York, Doubleday, 1961)
J. M. Allegro, The Shapira Affair (London, W. H. Allen, 1965)
E. Wilson, The Dead Sea Scrolls 1947–1969 (London, Penguin, 1969)
J. M. Allegro, The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross (London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1970)
R. de Vaux, Archaeology and the Dead Sea Scrolls (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1973)
G. Vermes, The Dead Sea Scrolls: Qumran in Perspective (London, Collins, 1977)
G. Boniani et al., ‘Radiocarbon Dating of the Dead Sea Scrolls’, Atiqot, 20 (1991)
J. C. VanderKam, The Dead Sea Scrolls Today (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans; London, SPCK, 1994)
L. H. Schiffman, Reclaiming the Dead Sea Scrolls (Philadelphia, Jewish Publication Society, 1994)
A. J. T. Jull et al., ‘Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert’, Radiocarbon, 37 (1995)
J. G. Campbell, Deciphering the Dead Sea Scrolls (London, Fontana Press, 1996)
H. Shanks, The Mystery and Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls (New York, Random House, 1998)
H. Stegemann, The Library of Qumran (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 1998)
G. Vermes, Providential Accidents (London, SCM Press, 1998), chapters 8, 9 and 16.
G. Vermes, Introduction to the Complete Dead Sea Scrolls (London, SCM Press, 1999)
L. H. Schiffman et al. (eds), Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls (New York, Oxford University Press, 2000)
L. H. Schiffman et al. (eds), The Dead Sea Scrolls Fifty Years after their Discovery 1947–1997 (Jerusalem, Israel Exploration Society, 2000)
T. H. Lim et al. (eds), On Scrolls, Artefacts and Intellectual Property (Sheffield, JSOT Press, 2001)
P. R. Davies et al. (eds), The Complete World of the Dead Sea Scrolls (London, Thames & Hudson, 2002)
J. Gascoigne et al. (eds), Dead Sea Scrolls Special Issue, Journal of Religious History, 26 February 2002
T. H. Lim, The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005)
E. M. Schuller, The Dead Sea Scrolls: What Have We Learned 50 Years On? (London, SCM, 2006)
M. T. Davis and B. A. Strawn, Qumran Studies: New Approaches, New Questions (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2007)
J. A. Fitzmyer, A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2008)
Chapter VI
Official editions of the Dead Sea Scrolls
Discoveries in the Judaean Desert, vols I–XL (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1955–2009)
Y. Yadin, The Temple Scroll, vols I–III (Jerusalem, Israel Exploration Society, 1983)
M. Broshi, The Damascus Document Reconsidered (Jerusalem, Israel Exploration Society, 1992)
T. H. Lim (ed.), The Dead Sea Scroll Electronic Reference Library (Leiden, Brill, 1997)
Concordance
M. G. Abegg, The Dead Sea Scrolls Concordance, vols I–II (Leiden, Brill, 2003)
Original text and English translation
F. García Martínez and E. J. C. Tigchelaar, The Dead Sea Scrolls, vols I–II (Leiden, Brill, 1997–8)
English translations
G. Vermes, The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English (London, Penguin, 2004)
M. Wise, M. Abegg and E. Cook, The Dead Sea Scrolls: A New Translation (New York, HarperCollins, 2005)
General bibliography
E. Schürer, G. Vermes, F. Millar, M. Goodman, The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, vols II–III (Edinburgh, T. & T. Clark, 1979, 1986)
G. Vermes, The Dead Sea Scrolls Forty Years On (Oxford, Oxford Centre for Postgraduate Hebrew Studies, 1987)
J. H. Charlesworth (ed.), The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, vols I–II (New York, Doubleday, 1983, 1985)
D. J. Harrington, Invitation to the Apocrypha (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 1999)
E. Ulrich, The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Origins of the Bible (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 1999)
P. W. Flint (ed.), The Bible at Qumran: Text, Shape and Interpretation (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2001)
E. D. Herbert and E. Tov (eds), The Bible as Book: The Hebrew Bible and the Judaean Desert Discoveries (London, British Library, 2002)
E. Tov, Scribal Practices and Approaches reflected in the Texts found in the Judean Desert (Leiden, Brill, 2004)
G. Vermes, The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English (London, Penguin, 2004)
J. H. Charlesworth (ed), The Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls, vol. I, Scripture and the Scrolls (Waco, Baylor University Press, 2006)
Chapter VII
E. Schürer, G. Vermes, F. Millar and M. Goodman, The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, vol. II (Edinburgh, T. & T. Clark, 1986)
J. O’Callaghan, Los papiros griegos de la cueva 7 de Qumrân (Madrid, Editorial Católica, 1974)
M. P. Horgan, Pesharim: Qumran Interpretation of Biblical Books (Washington, DC, Catholic Biblical Association of America, 1979)
L. H. Schiffman, The Eschatological Community of the Dead Sea Scrolls: A Study of the Rule of the Congregation (Atlanta, Scholars Press, 1989)
R. Eisenman and M. Wise, The Dead Sea Scrolls Uncovered (Shaftes-bury, Element, 1992)
D. J. Harrington, Wisdom Texts from Qumran (London and New York, Routledge, 1996)
G. Vermes, ‘The Leadership of the Qumran Community: Sons of Zadok, Priests, Congregation’, Martin Hengel Festschrift, I (Tübingen, Mohr Siebeck, 1996), pp. 375–84
J. J. Collins, Apocalypticism in the Dead Sea Scrolls (London and New York, Routledge, 1997)
Charlotte Hempel, The Laws of the Damascus Document (Leiden, Brill, 1998)
Charlotte Hempel, The Damascus Texts (London and New York, Continuum, 2000)
S. White Crawford, The Temple Scroll and Related Texts (London and New York, Continuum, 2000)
J. R. Davila, Liturgical Works (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2000)
J. K. Lefkovits, The Copper Scroll (3Q15): A Reevaluation (Leiden, Brill, 2000)
G. L. Doudna, 4Q Pesher Nahum: A Critical Edition (Sheffield, Sheffield Academic Press, 2001)
E. J. C. Tigchelaar, To Increase Learning for the Understanding Ones: Reading and Reconstructing the Fragmentary Early Jewish Sapiential Text 4Q Instruction (Leiden, Brill, 2001)
T. H. Lim, Pesharim (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2002)
G. Vermes, The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English (London, Penguin, 2004)
P. Alexander, Mystical Texts: Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice and Related Manuscripts (London and New York, T. & T. Clark, 2006)
J. G. Campbell, Exegetical Texts (London and New York, T. & T. Clark, 2006)
J. Duhaime, War Texts: 1QM and Related Manuscripts (London and New York, T. & T. Clark, 2006)
É. Puech et al., Le Rouleau de cuivre de la grotte 3 de Qumrân (3Q15): Expertise – Restauration – Epigraphie, vols I–II (Leiden, Brill, 2006)
S. Metso, The Serekh Texts (London and New York, T. & T. Clark, 2007)
M. Popovic, Reading the Human Body: Physiognomics and Astrology in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Hellenistic-Early Roman Period of Judaism (Leiden, Brill, 2007)
I. C. Werrett, Ritual Purity and the Dead Sea Texts (Leiden, Brill, 2007)
S. W. Crawford, Rewriting Scripture in Second Temple Times (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2008)
Chapter VIII
C. Roth, The Historical Background of the Dead Sea Scrolls (Oxford, Blackwell, 1958)
A. Dupont-Sommer, The Essene Writin
gs from Qumran (Oxford, Blackwell, 1961)
G. R. Driver, The Judaean Scrolls: The Problem and a Solution (Oxford, Blackwell, 1965)
R. de Vaux, Archaeology and the Dead Sea Scrolls (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1973)
G. Vermes, The Dead Sea Scrolls: Qumran in Perspective (London, Collins, 1977)
E. Schürer, G. Vermes, F. Millar, M. Black, The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, vol. II (Edinburgh, T. & T. Clark, 1979)
R. Eisenman, James the Just and the Habakkuk Pesher (Leiden, Brill, 1986)
P. R. Callaway, The History of the Qumran Community (Sheffield, JSOT Press, 1988)
Geza Vermes and Martin Goodman, The Essenes according to the Classical Sources (Sheffield, JSOT Press, 1989)
S. Talmon, The World of Qumran from Within (Jerusalem, Magnes Press, 1989)
B. Thiering, Jesus the Man: A New Interpretation from the Dead Sea Scrolls (New York, Doubleday, 1992)
C. P. Thiede, The Earliest Gospel Manuscipt? (Torquay, Paternoster Press, 1992)
E. Ulrich and J. C. VanderKam (eds), The Community of the Renewed Covenant (Notre Dame, Notre Dame University Press, 1994)
R. Donceel and P. Donceel-Voûte, ‘The Archaeology of Khirbet Qumran’, in M. O. Wise et al. (eds), Methods of Investigation of the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Khirbet Qumran Site (New York, New York Academy of Sciences, 1994), pp. 1–38
J. B. Humbert, ‘L’espace sacré à Qumrân’, Revue Biblique, 101 (1994), pp. 161–214
J. B. Humbert and A. Chambon (eds), Fouilles de Khirbet Qumran et de Ain Feshkha (Fribourg, Editions Universitaires, 1994)
A. D. Crown and L. Cansdale, ‘Qumran: Was it an Essene Settlement?’, Biblical Archaeology Review, 20/5 (1994), pp. 24–35, 73–8
N. Golb, Who Wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls? (New York, Scribner, 1995)
M. Goodman, ‘A Note on the Qumran Sectarians, the Essenes and Josephus’, Journal of Jewish Studies, 46 (1995), pp. 161–6
C. P. Thiede and M. d’Ancona, The Jesus Papyrus (London, Weidenfeld, 1996)
E. M. Laperoussaz, Qoumrân et les manuscrits de la Mer Morte: Un cinquantenaire (Paris, Cerf, 1997)
L. Cansdale, Qumran and the Essenes (Tübingen, Mohr, 1997)
M. Broshi, Bread, Wine, Walls and Scrolls (Sheffield, Sheffield Academic Press, 2001)
Jodi Magness, The Archaeology of Qumran and the Dead Sea Scrolls (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2002)
J. H. Charlesworth, The Pesharim and Qumran History (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2002)
J.-B. Humbert and A. Chambon (eds), The Excavations of Khirbet Qumran and Ain Feshkha: Synthesis of Roland de Vaux’s Field Notes (Fribourg, Fribourg Academic Press, 2003)
J.-B. Humbert and J. Gunneweg (eds), Khirbet Qumrân et ‘Ain Feshkha II: Études d’anthropologie, de physique et de chimie; Studies in Anthropology, Physics and Chemistry (Fribourg, Fribourg Academic Press, 2003)
Yizhar Hirschfeld, Qumran in Context: Reassessing the Archaeological Evidence (New York, Hendrickson, 2004)
G. Vermes, The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls in English (London, Penguin,2004)
J. H. Charlesworth (ed), The Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls, vol. II: The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Qumran Community (Waco, Baylor University Press, 2006)
Edna Ullman-Margalit, Out of the Cave: A Philosophical Inquiry into the Dead Sea Scrolls Research (Jerusalem, Magnes, 2006)
Y. Magen and Y. Peleg, ‘The Qumran Excavations 1993–2004’ (Jerusalem, Judea and Samaria Publications 6, 2007)
G. Vermes, ‘Historiographical Elements in the Qumran Writings: A Synopsis of the Textual Evidence’, Journal of Jewish Studies, 58 (2007), pp. 121–39
J. Taylor, ‘Qumran in Context: Reassessing the Archaeological Evidence’, Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society, 25 (2007), pp. 171–83
H. Eshel, The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Hasmonean State (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2008)
S. Mason, ‘Did the Essenes write the Dead Sea Scrolls? Don’t rely on Josephus’, Biblical Archaeology Review, 34, no. 6 (2008), pp. 61–5, 81
K. Atkinson, H. Eshel and J. Magness, ‘Do Josephus’s Writings support the Essene Hypothesis?’, Biblical Archaeology Review, 35, no. 2 (2009), pp. 56–9
J. Taylor, ‘Roots, Remedies and Properties of Stones: The Essenes, Qumran and Dead Sea Pharmacology; Journal of Jewish Studies, 60 (2009), pp. 226–44.
Chapter IX
M. Black (ed.), The Scrolls and Christianity (London, SPCK, 1969)
G. Vermes, Jesus and the World of Judaism (London, SCM Press, 1983)
H. Shanks, Understanding the Dead Sea Scrolls (New York, Random House, 1992)
J. H. Charlesworth (ed.), Jesus and the Dead Sea Scrolls (New York, Doubleday, 1992)
L. H. Schiffman, Reclaiming the Dead Sea Scrolls (Philadelphia, Jewish Publication Society, 1994)
S. E. Porter and C. A. Evans, The Scrolls and the Scriptures: Qumran Fifty Years After (Sheffield, Sheffield Academic Press, 1997)
C. A. Evans and P. W. Flint, Eschatology, Messianism, and the Dead Sea Scrolls (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 1997)
T. H. Lim, Holy Scripture in the Qumran Commentaries and Pauline Letters (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1997)
F. H. Cryer and T. L. Thompson, Qumran between the Old and the New Testaments (Sheffield, Sheffield Academic Press, 1998)
G. Vermes, Introduction to the Complete Dead Sea Scrolls (London, SCM Press, 1999)
L. H. Schiffman et al. (eds), The Dead Sea Scrolls Fifty Years after their Discovery 1947–1997 (Jerusalem, Israel Exploration Society, 2000)
J. A. Fitzmyer, The Dead Sea Scrolls and Christian Origins (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2000)
T. H. Lim et al. (eds), The Dead Sea Scrolls in their Historical Context (Edinburgh, T. & T. Clark, 2000)
J. J. Collins and R. A. Kugler, Religion in the Dead Sea Scrolls (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2000)
G. Vermes, Jesus in his Jewish Context (London, SCM Press, 2003)
S. Paul et al. (eds), Emanuel: Studies in Hebrew Bible, Septuagint, and Dead Sea Scrolls in Honor of Emanuel Tov (Leiden, Brill, 2003)
J. R. Davila (ed.), The Dead Sea Scrolls as Background to Postbiblical Judaism and Early Christianity (Leiden, Brill, 2003)
G. J. Brooke, The Dead Sea Scrolls and the New Testament (London, SPCK, 2005)
G. Vermes, Scrolls, Scriptures and Early Christianity (London, T. & T. Clark, 2005)
J. H. Charlesworth (ed.), The Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls, vol. III, The Scrolls and Christian Origins (Waco, Baylor University Press, 2006)
J. J. Collins and C. A. Evans (eds), Christian Beginnings and the Dead Sea Scrolls (Grand Rapids, Baker, 2006)
Index
Abegg, Martin 102, 113
Abel, F. -M. 9
Ain Feshkha 30, 33, 38, 172
Aland, Kurt 224
Albright, William Foxwell 23
Aleppo Codex 11
Alexander Balas 209
Alexander Jannaeus 36, 60, 164, 209
Alexander, Philip 79–80, 240
Allegro, John Marco 28, 50–51, 58, 60–65, 69, 73, 89, 167, 190
American School of Oriental Research (ASOR) 22–3
ammanita muscaria 62
Anderson, Arnold 65
Apocrypha, the 10, 13–14, 16, 30, 102, 109–112
Arab–Israeli war (1948) 23
Arab–Israeli war (1973) 80
Aramaic Books of Enoch, The (Milik) 113
Archaeology of Qumran and the Dead Sea Scrolls (Magness) 180
Arubas, B. 175
Athanasius, Mar 22–4
Avigad, Nahman 26, 44
Baigent, Michael 89–90
Baillet, Maurice 65–6, 68, 72
baptism 154–5
Bar Kokhba 38, 162
Barthélemy, Dominique 32, 45–8
‘Beatitudes’, the 116
Bechtel, Elizabeth Hay 83
Benedict XVI, Pope 17, 19
Benoit, Pierre 63, 67–70, 72, 74, 223
Bible, Masoretic 103
Bible, Samaritan 101–
2
Bible, the 99, 101
Biblia Hebraica (Kittel) 11
biblical canon 99–101
Biblical Commission 19
Boismard, M. E. 223, 224
Bonner, Campbell 15
Botta, Paul Emile de 13
Bouriant, U. 15
Brizemeure, Daniel 167
Broshi, Magen 179, 181
Brownlee, William H. 25
Burrows, Millar 25
Bursar, the 130–31, 133
Cairo Genizah 42, 55, 110–111, 120
calendar 143–6
Cansdale, Lena 174, 180–81
Cave 1
and the Isaiah Scroll 29, 43
the Book of Jubilees 30, 113
manuscript fragments 45–6
major manuscripts 54–5
Community Rule 97–8, 153
Genesis Apocryphon 97, 161, 216
War Scroll 134
Thanksgiving Hymns 156
distant 176–7
Cave 2 27, 30, 113, 176
Cave 3 51, 113, 176
Cave 4
manuscript fragments 28, 30, 46, 51, 56, 64–5, 85–6, 90–91
Psalm 37, Commentary on 60
unpublished texts 70–71, 74
Community Rule 97–8, 126–7, 129
Esther 102
Exodus 105
the Book of Jubilees/Enoch 113
Moses Apocryphon 116
the Damascus Document 120–21, 125, 132, 154
Sabbath observance etc 120
War Scroll 134
‘Some Observances of the Law’ manuscripts 140
Rule of the Congregation 151
Thanksgiving Hymns 156
man-made 176–7
Leviticus/Job 216
Cave 5 28, 120–21, 129, 176
Cave 6 27, 113, 120–21, 129, 176
Cave 7 28, 68, 160, 176, 223–4
Cave 10 28, 176
Cave 11 29, 30, 54, 74, 110, 115, 120, 176, 216
‘cave men’ 41–2
celibacy 233–5
Ceriani, A. M. 15
Charles, R. H. 16, 112
Charlesworth, James H. 112
The Story of the Scrolls Page 22
