gold mining in ref1
oil extraction in ref1
Quebec nationalism ref1
Canol road and pipeline ref1
Cape Farewell ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Cape Morris Jessup ref1
Cape Verde (Fortunate Isles) ref1
Carson, Rachel ref1
Carta Marina ref1
cartography, development of ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Cassette Rapids (Slave River) ref1
Catherine the Great ref1
Channerwick ref1
Christian V, King of Denmark ref1
Chuckchi people ref1
Churchill (Canada) ref1
climate cooling ref1
Conquest, Robert ref1
Cook Inlet ref1, ref2, ref3
Cooper Landing ref1
Copenhagen ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
cormorants ref1
Cornwall ref1
crop failures ref1
dachas ref1
Dalstroy organisation ref1, ref2
Davidson, Hilda Ellis ref1
Davis Strait ref1
Decembrists ref1, ref2
Decembrists’ Square, St Petersburg ref1
Dene people ref1, ref2
Diamond, Jared ref1
diamond mining ref1, ref2
dippers ref1
Disappointment River – see Mackenzie River
dog sledding ref1
Dorset people ref1, ref2
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor ref1
Drammen ref1, ref2
Durrell, Lawrence ref1
East Greenland current ref1
Eastern Settlement (Greenland) ref1
Edmonton ref1, ref2
Ehrlich, Gretel ref1
eider ducks ref1
Eirik the Red ref1, ref2
Ekenäs ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Elizabeth I, Queen of England ref1
Enckell, Maria Jarlsdotter ref1
Encyclopaedia Britannica ref1
Erik Jedvardsson, King (later St Erik) ref1, ref2
Erikson, Gustaf ref1
Esso (Siberia) ref1
Estonia ref1
Eudoxia, Tsaritsa ref1
European Community ref1
European Union ref1
Even people ref1, ref2
Evenk people ref1
Fagervik ref1
Fair Isle ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Falconet, Etienne Maurice ref1
Faroe Islands ref1
ferry services ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Fetlar ref1
Finland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
adopting the Euro ref1
annexed by Russia ref1
culture of saunas in ref1
declaring independence ref1
Duchy of ref1, ref2
first parliament in ref1
having universal suffrage ref1
landscape of ref1
member of EU ref1
place in Russian history ref1
right to roam in ref1
Swedish spoken in ref1
Finland, Gulf of ref1, ref2
Finland Station, St Petersburg ref1
Finnish language ref1
Finnish nationalism ref1
Finse ref1
fishing industry ref1
Fitzgerald-Smith corridor ref1
Fort Fitzgerald (formerly Smith’s Landing) ref1, ref2, ref3
Fort Smith ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Fortunate Isles – see Cape Verde
Fossum, Karin ref1
Foula ref1
Freyr ref1, ref2
fulmars ref1
fur trading ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Gamla (Old) Uppsala ref1
Geilo ref1
Gibraltar, Strait of ref1
glaucous gulls ref1
Gogol, Nikolai ref1
gold mining ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
golden plovers ref1
Good Shepherd IV ref1
Gould, Glenn ref1, ref2
Grænlendinga Saga ref1
graphite mining ref1
grayling ref1, ref2, ref3
Grayling Lake ref1, ref2
Great Purge of 1930s (Russia) ref1
Great Greenland Fur Company ref1
great skuas ref1
Great Slave Lake ref1, ref2, ref3
Green of Mandrup ref1, ref2
Greenland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
alcoholism in ref1
climate cooling in ref1
crop failures in ref1
early settlers in ref1
government of ref1
hunting, culture of ref1, ref2
iron trading in ref1
land ownership in ref1, ref2
leaving the EC ref1
mining for metals ref1
oil industry development ref1
rapid social change in ref1
whaling industry ref1, ref2
Greenlandic language ref1
Group of Seven (artists) ref1
Guerber, H.A. ref1
gulags ref1, ref2
Gulf of Alaska ref1
Gulf Stream ref1
Gustav Vasa, King of Sweden ref1, ref2, ref3
halibut fishing ref1
Halifax, Nova Scotia ref1, ref2
Hamelin, Louis-Edmond ref1, ref2
Hanseatic League ref1
Hare Island ref1
Hay River ref1, ref2, ref3
Hellier (cargo ship) ref1, ref2
Helsinki ref1, ref2
Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg ref1
Herscovici, Alan ref1
High Level (Canada) ref1
Hipparchus of Nicaea ref1
Hitler, Adolf ref1
Högholmen Island ref1, ref2
Hogmanay Hurricane, Shetland 1991 ref1
Homer (Alaska) ref1
hooded crows ref1
Hoswick ref1
Huftarøy ref1
Hudson Bay ref1
Hudson’s Bay Company ref1
Hughes, Ted ref1
hunting, culture of ref1, ref2
Husavik ref1
Iceland ref1
Iceland gulls ref1
Indian Cabins ref1
Inuit Circumpolar Conference ref1
Inuit people ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
Ireland, Republic of ref1
Ireland (Shetland village) ref1
iron trading ref1
Jansson, Tove ref1
Jung, Carl ref1
Kalevala, The ref1, ref2
Kamchatka ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Karelia ref1
Kayak Island ref1
Kenai Fjords National Park ref1
Kenai Lake ref1
Kenai National Wildlife Refuge ref1
Kenai Peninsula ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Kenai River ref1, ref2
Kirov, Sergei ref1
Klondike gold rush ref1
Knagg, Jacob Johan ref1, ref2
Kodiak Island ref1
Kollin, Susan ref1
Kolyma labour camps ref1, ref2, ref3
Koryak people ref1
Kristensen, Ib ref1, ref2, ref3
Kristensen, Lillian ref1
Kristoffersen, David ref1
Lake Athabasca ref1
Lapland buntings ref1
lapwings ref1
Larsson, Stieg ref1
Lascaux caves ref1
League of Nations ref1
Lenin, Vladimir ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Leningrad ref1, ref2
reverting to St Petersburg ref1
siege of, 1941 ref1
see also St Petersburg
Leopold, Aldo ref1
Lerwick ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12
Linköping ref1
Linnaeus (Carl von Linne) ref1
Loch of Vatsetter ref1
Lönnrot, Elias ref1
Lopez, Barry ref1
Lynge, Aqqaluk ref1
Lynge, Finn ref1
Macfarlane, Robert ref1
Mackenzie, Alexander ref1, ref2
Mackenzie River ref1
Maclean, Norman ref1
Maclean, Wally ref1, ref2, ref3
Magadan ref1, ref2, ref3
Magnus, Bishop Johannes ref1
Magnus, Olaus ref1
Malleson, Lady Constance ref1
Mankell, Henning ref1
Mariehamn ref1
Martin, Edward ref1
McGill University, Montreal ref1
McPhee, John ref1
Mediaeval Warm Period ref1
Medvedev, Dmitry ref1
Melville, Herman ref1
Métis people ref1
Meyer, Eva ref1
Middlesbrough ref1
Mongolia ref1
moose ref1
Moose Pass ref1
Moravian missionaries ref1
Moscow ref1, ref2, ref3
Mounds of the Kings, Uppsala ref1
Mount Redoubt ref1, ref2
Mountain Portage Rapids (Slave River) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Mousa ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Broch of ref1, ref2
muskeg forest ref1
Muskeg Express ref1
Mutnovsky volcano ref1
Nanortalik ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Napoleonic Wars ref1
Narsaq ref1, ref2, ref3
Narsarsuaq ref1
narwhal tusks, trade in ref1, ref2
NATO ref1
Nenet people ref1
Nesbø, Jo ref1
Nevsky Prospekt, St Petersburg ref1
Nicolas I, Tsar ref1, ref2
Ninilchik ref1, ref2, ref3
Njal’s Saga ref1
Nordic extremism ref1
‘nordicity’ ref1, ref2
Norfolk ref1
Norman Wells ref1
Norse gods ref1
Norse people ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
North Pole ref1, ref2
North Sea ref1, ref2
North Star (Polaris) ref1, ref2
Northwest Passage ref1
Northwest Territories ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Norway ref1, ref2
gaining independence from Sweden ref1
joining NATO ref1
oil wealth of ref1
terrorism in ref1, ref2
nostalgia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Nuuk ref1, ref2
Odin ref1, ref2, ref3
oil extraction ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Okhotsk, Sea of ref1, ref2
Ordnance Survey ref1
Oslo ref1
bombings in ref1
University of ref1
Viking Ship Museum ref1
Ougadougou ref1
Our Lady of Kazan, Cathedral of (St Petersburg) ref1, ref2
Out Skerries ref1
Oxford ref1
Pacific Ocean ref1
pack ice ref1
paganism ref1
Paige, Harry W. ref1
Palace Square, St Petersburg ref1
Palme, Olaf, assassination of ref1
Paulette, François ref1, ref2
Peace River ref1
Peace Valley ref1
peat ref1, ref2, ref3
Pelican Rapids (Slave River) ref1
pelicans ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
penguins ref1
Peter the Great, Tsar ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Petrograd ref1
see also St Petersburg
Petropavlosk ref1
Picts ref1
polar bears ref1, ref2
Polaris (North Star) ref1, ref2
Port Radium ref1
Prague ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Presley, Elvis ref1
Ptolemy, Claudius ref1, ref2
Pushkin, Alexander ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Putin, Vladimir ref1
Qaqortoq ref1, ref2
Qaqqarsuasik ref1
Quassik ref1
Quebec nationalism ref1
Quendale ref1
Ramsholmen Island ref1, ref2
Rapids of the Drowned (Slave River) ref1, ref2
Raseborg Castle ref1
Rasmussen, Knud ref1
ravens ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Red Deer ref1
reindeer ref1, ref2
Repin, Ilya ref1, ref2
Repino ref1, ref2
Resurrection Bay ref1
right to roam (allemansratt) ref1
River Fyris ref1, ref2, ref3
River Neva ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Rocky Mountains ref1
Roosevelt, Franklin D. ref1
Roost, The ref1
Rostral Columns, St Petersburg ref1
Rudbeck, Olof ref1
Russia ref1, ref2
collapse of Soviet Union ref1
failed uprising of 1825 ref1
Revolution of 1917 ref1, ref2
Russian Academy of Sciences ref1
Russian-American Company ref1, ref2
Russian Museum, St Petersburg ref1
Russian River ref1
St Bridget ref1
St Erik (King Erik Jedvardsson) ref1, ref2
St Herman ref1
St Isaac, Cathedral of (St Petersburg) ref1, ref2
St Isodore, Church of (Fort Smith, Canada) ref1
St Kilda ref1
St Nicholas, Old Believer’s Church of (St Petersburg) ref1, ref2
St Paul (ship) ref1
St Peter (ship) ref1, ref2
St Peter and St Paul, Cathedral of (St Petersburg) ref1
St Petersburg ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Aleksanderovskiy Park ref1
Bronze Horseman statue ref1, ref2, ref3
Cathedral of Our Lady of Kazan ref1, ref2
Cathedral of St Isaac ref1, ref2
Cathedral of St Peter and St Paul ref1
Decembrists’ Square ref1
Finland Station ref1
foundation of ref1, ref2
haphazard architecture of ref1
Hermitage Museum ref1
known as Leningrad ref1
known as Petrograd ref1
Nevsky Prospekt ref1
Old Believers Church of St Nicholas ref1, ref2
Palace Square ref1
River Neva ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Rostral Columns ref1
Russian Museum ref1
Stroganov Palace ref1, ref2
Uprising Square ref1
Winter Palace ref1
see also Leningrad and Petrograd
Sakha people ref1
salmon fishing ref1, ref2
Salt River ref1
Sanders, Scott Russell ref1
Sandvikvåg ref1
Sandwick ref1, ref2
Saqqaq people ref1
Saskatchewan ref1
saunas ref1
Scalloway ref1
Scandinavian crime writing ref1, ref2
Scott, Captain Robert Falcon ref1
sea eagles ref1, ref2
sea ice ref1
sea lions ref1, ref2
sea otters ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
seals ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Seat of Mandrup ref1
Selbjorn ref1
Self, Will ref1
selkies (seal people) ref1
Seward ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Shalamov, Varlam ref1
shamans ref1, ref2
Sheep Pund ref1
Shetland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24
called Thule by Ptolemy ref1
early peoples of ref1
‘hillfolk’ (tr
ows) ref1
importance of peat ref1
selkies, stories of ref1
severe gales in ref1
whaling industry ref1
windfarms on ref1
‘Shetland Bus’ ref1
Shetland Times ref1
Shirreff, John ref1
Shostakovich, Dmitri ref1
Sibelius, Jean ref1
Siberia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
climate of ref1, ref2
gold mining in ref1
gulags ref1, ref2
shamans in ref1, ref2
uranium mining in ref1
siege of Leningrad, 941 ref1
Sigurd o’Gord ref1
sila (life force), concept of ref1, ref2, ref3
sisu (perseverance), concept of ref1
skraelings ref1
skylarks ref1, ref2
Slave Lake ref1
Slave River ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Smith’s Landing (later Fort Fitzgerald) ref1, ref2
Snyder, Gary ref1
Soini, Timo ref1
Solan IV ref1
Solzhenitsyn, Alexander ref1
South Georgia ref1
South Pole ref1
Soviet Union ref1
Spruce Island ref1
Stalin, Joseph ref1, ref2, ref3
Stang, Fabian ref1
Statoil ref1
Steller, Georg ref1, ref2
Stenskov, Bolethe ref1
Sterling Highway ref1, ref2
Stokell, Sam ref1
Stolmen ref1
Stoltenber, Jens ref1
storis (pack ice) ref1
Stroganov Palace, St Petersburg ref1
Sturluson, Snorri ref1
Sumburgh Head ref1
swans ref1
Sweden ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
member of the EU ref1
occupying Finland ref1
Protestant reformation in ref1, ref2
xenophobic politics in ref1
Swedenborg, Emmanuel ref1
Swedish People’s Party ref1
taiga ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Tall, Deborah ref1
Tallinn ref1
Tammisaari – see Ekenäs
Thomson, Tom ref1
Thor ref1
Thule (name for Shetland) ref1
Thule people ref1
tirricks – see arctic terns
Tree of Knowledge ref1
trows ref1
True Finns group ref1
tundra ref1, ref2
Tuniit people ref1, ref2
Turku ref1
unicorns – see narwhal
Up Helly Aa festival ref1, ref2
Uppsala ref1, ref2, ref3
Gamla (Old) Uppsala ref1
University of ref1, ref2
Uprising Square, St Petersburg ref1
Ural Mountains ref1, ref2
uranium mining ref1, ref2, ref3
Utøya ref1
Våge ref1
van Pelt, Jacques ref1, ref2
Vancouver ref1
Vasilevsky Island ref1, ref2
Viking people ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Viking Ship Museum, Oslo ref1
Vitebsky, Piers ref1
Volkov, Mikhail ref1
von Linne, Carl (Linnaeus) ref1
walrus ref1, ref2
Wanderers, The ref1
Watt-Cloutier, Sheila ref1
West, Rebecca ref1
Western Settlement (Greenland) ref1
Sixty Degrees North Page 22
