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INDEX
Page numbers listed correspond to the print edition of this book. You can use your device’s search function to locate particular terms in the text.
Italicized pages refer to photos or illustrations.
Abercromby, Maj. General James, 65, 67, 68
Adams, John, 4, 265, 326, 327
at Staten Island Conference, 230–34
Adolf, Johann, Baron von Kielmansegg, 8
Albemarle, Anne Keppel, Lady (Dowager), 264
Albemarle, George Keppel, Earl of. See Keppel, George, 3rd Earl of Albemarle
Alcide (ship), 39, 40
Almack’s Club, 133
Althorp, Lord. See Spencer, George, 2nd Earl Spencer
Amelia, Princess, 104–5, 123, 133, 198, 199, 239, 260, 280, 284, 319, 320, 338, 344
American Stamp Act Congress, 125
American War of Independence
African Americans in, 244
(see also under loyalists)
as atypical war, 263–64
battles of (see battles, Revolutionary War)
Boston retreat, 213–14
Boston Tea Party, 138–39, 156–57, 160
British war issues, 246–50, 254–55
Carlisle Commission, 303
Coercive Acts, 138, 146
continental congresses (see First Continental Congress; Second Continental Congress)
Declaration of Independence, 210, 234–35
‘First Families’ in histories of, 4–5
Franco-American alliances, 304–6
lack of provisions at Boston, 186–87
loyalists in (see loyalists)
New York campaign, 215–16, 221, 222, 223–28, 304
peace initiatives (see peace commission; peace initiative)
peace negotiations, 327–28
Philadelphia campaign, 272–75, 273
southern fighting, 320–21
surrender at Yorktown, 304–5, 323
war controversy and opposition in Britain, 173–74, 308–11
See also specific military leaders
Amherst, Jeffrey, 1st Baron Amherst, 65, 150, 237
André, Capt./Major John, 283, 321
Anne, Queen, 9
Anstruther, Robert, Lt. General, 82, 384n
Armitstead, Elizabeth, 332
Armytage, Sir John, 79
Arnold, Benedict, 321
Arnold, Samuel, 105
Aspinwall, John, 291
Aston, Sir Willoughby, 42–43
Augusta, Princess of Wales (mother of George III), 32, 47, 48, 49–51
Baker, Sir George (royal physician), 340–41
Balfour, Nisbet
on battle with Washington, 261
described, 204–5
as Germain messenger, 259, 414n
as lieutenant colonel, 305
loyalty to Howes, 245
Strachey family relationship, 205
William Howe relationship, 204–5, 252–53, 258, 299, 314, 423n
Barbados, 25–27
Barclay, David, 137, 140, 154, 159–60, 397n
Barrington, William, 2nd Viscount Barrington, 158
Bath, England, 93–94
Bath Chronicle, 133
battles, Revolutionary War
Bemis Heights (New York), 278
Brandywine (Pennsylvania), 243, 274
Breed’s Hill (Massachusetts), 167, 169
Brooklyn (New York), 224–26, 408n
Bunker Hill (Massachusetts), 166–69, 170, 399n
Freeman’s Farm (New York), 278
Germantown (Pennsylvania), 275
Harlem Heights (New York), 225
Lexington and Concord, 166
Monmouth Courthouse (New Jersey), 303
Newport (Rhode Island), 304–6
St. Lucia, 299–300
Trenton (New Jersey), 248
White Plains (New York), 227–28
Yorktown (Virginia), 304–5, 323
battles, Seven Years’ War. See under Seven Years’ War
Battlesden House, 28–29, 51, 54, 134, 339
Beard, Mary, 3
Bedford, Duchess of. See Russell, Gertrude Leveson-Gower, Duchess of Bedford (Dowager)
Bedford, Duke of. See Russell, Francis, 5th Duke of Bedford
Belvoir Hunt, 14, 52
Billopp, Christopher, 231
Billopp House conference. See Staten Island Conference
Bingham, Lady Lavinia. See Spencer, Lady Lavinia Bingham
Black Hole of Calcutta (1756), 55
Bligh, Thomas, Lt. General, 78
Bluestocking Circle, 132
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 359
Bordoni, Faustina, 20
Boscawen, Edward, 39, 40
Boston Gazette, 241
Boston Port Act (1774), 138
Boston Tea Party (1773), 138–39, 156–57, 160
Boswell, James, 171, 292–93
Bouquet, Col. Henry, 58
Braddock, Maj. General Edward, 39–40, 41
Brandywine Creek, 272
Brett, Charles, 200
Britain
British traitors, 321
favoring peace gestures (1776), 219–20
French naval threat (1779), 321
Howe brothers joining the opposition, 313
as major military power, 90
pamphlet war against the Howes, 315–16
popular sentiment on American conflict, 173–74, 186, 221, 224, 264
postwar international standing, 327
press attacking Howe campaign, 279, 281
reaction to Mischianza in, 282–83, 418n
society in (see Georgian society)
trade with United States, 326–27
See also American War of Independence; loyalists; Parliament; Seven Years’ War
British government. See Parliament
British home front (American War of Independence)
mail and communication delays, 197–98
men on (see Balfour, Nisbet; D’Oyly, Christopher; Strachey, Henry)
war resignation and tension on, 219
women assuming new responsibilities, 208
women on (see Coke, Lady Mary; D’Oyly, Sarah; Howe, Caroline; Howe, Frances; Howe, Lady Mary; Strachey, Jane)
British press
Charlotte Howe’s tactical use of, 69–70
Fanny Howe’s tactical use of, 220
indirect communication via, 271, 416n
as instrument of attack for British government, 271, 416n
officers’ private letters reported, 241, 411n
propagating wartime conspiracy theories, 74, 258, 263
role in wartime opinion, 261–62
satirizing and attacking Howe brothers, 260, 262, 263, 265, 266, 268, 269
Bromley, Sir George (son of George Smith, baronet), 330, 337
Bromley, Henry, 1st Baron Monfort, 28
Browne, Howe Peter, 2nd Marquess Sligo, 339, 360
Browne, John Denis, 3rd Earl of Altamont, 337
Browne, Louisa Howe, Lady Altamont, 306, 337, 338, 339, 357
Bunbury, Lady Sarah, 170, 173, 211
See also Napier, Sarah
Bunker Hill, Battle of, 166–69, 170, 399n
Burgoyne, John, 220, 249, 310–11
advocating for viceroy in 1775, 183, 250
campaign strategy of, 251–52
defending conduct, 315
described, 160–61, 250
Knight of the Bath refusal, 253
mistress of, 290
public attacks on, 279
rivalry of, 246
Saratoga campaign, 275, 276, 277–78
Ticonderoga victory, 268
Burgoyne, Lady Charlotte, 250–51
Burke, Edmund, 175, 196, 342
Butler, Samuel, 14
Byng, George, 270
Byng, Admiral John, 57, 229, 263, 415n
Byron, Vice Admiral John, 303, 304, 306
Campbell, John, 2nd Duke of Argyll, 177
Campbell, John, 4th Earl of Loudoun, 58, 61, 63, 64, 245–46
Canada
British invasion of, 60–61
Governor Carleton in, 246, 250, 251
See also Quebec, Battle of; Quebec Act (1774)
Cape St. Vincent, Battle of, 354
Caractacus (Mason), 112
Carleton, Sir Guy, 246, 250
Carlisle Commission, 302–3
Caroline, Queen (wife of George II), 4, 9, 10, 18, 19, 31, 47–48
Carter, Elizabeth, 253–54
Cartwright, John, 174
Castletown estate (Ireland), 170
Cavendish, Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, 111, 142–43, 176, 340, 345
wearing blue and buff, 308
Cavendish, Lord George, 175, 332
Cavendish, William, 4th Duke of Devonshire, 58, 142–43, 176
Celle, Princess of (Sophia Dorothea), 8–9
Chadd’s Ford, 272, 273, 274
Chalus, Elaine, 114
Channel Fleet, 324–25, 354
Charleston (South Carolina), 321
Charlotte, Princess, the Princess Royal, 356
Charlotte, Queen (wife of George III), 237, 344, 350, 354, 356
Chartres, Duke of, 328
Chatham, Earl of. See Pitt, William (the Elder)
Chatsworth House (Derbyshire), 106
Chauvelin, François Bernard, Marquis de, 344
Cherbourg (France) raid, 77, 78
chess games, 1–2, 140–41, 148, 151–53, 316–17
Chudleigh, Elizabeth, 44–45, 194–95, 378n
Churchill, Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, 110, 114
Cibber, Colley, 131, 240
Clarendon, Lord. See Villiers, Thomas, 1st Earl of Clarendon
Clayton, Mary, 15, 105
Clayton, Sir William, 1st Baronet, 105
Clinton, Harriet, 253
Clinton, Henry, 163, 221, 223, 228, 278, 321, 398n
and Battle of Bunker Hill, 168
Knight of the Bath honor, 252–53
marriage and household of, 253–54
and mistress Mary Baddeley, 290
and New York campaign, 226
and St. Lucia attack, 299–300
Sullivan’s Island expedition, 188, 209, 220
and William Howe, 187–88, 252, 271–72
Clive, Robert, 202
Coercive Acts (1774), 138, 146
Coke, Edward, Viscount, 177
Coke, Lady Mary, 133, 178, 185–86, 198, 236
diary of, 176–77, 178–79, 192–93, 209, 211, 221, 246, 264, 267–68, 269, 278, 280, 284, 302, 303, 319, 334
Howe family connections, 177–78
marriage to Edward, 177
Collett, John, 194
colonial protests. See Boston Tea Party (1773); Stamp Act
Common Sense (Paine), 266
Conolly, Fanny. See Howe, Lady Frances (Fanny) Howe
Conolly, Lady Anne, 99–100, 270
Conolly, Lady Louisa, 100, 165, 170, 211, 221, 253, 301
Conolly, Thomas, 100, 165, 170, 300–301
continental congresses. See First Continental Congress; Second Continental Congress
Conway
, Henry Seymour, 174, 220, 324
Cork, Lady Anne, 122–23
Cork, Edmund Boyle, 7th Earl of, 122–23
Cornwallis, Maj. General Charles, 247, 274, 320
Cowper, Judith. See Madan, Judith
Crawfurd, John, 129, 333
Crommelin, Judith. See Verplanck, Judith Crommelin
Cromwell, Oliver, 36
Cumberland, Duke of. See William Augustus, Prince, Duke of Cumberland
Curtis, Capt. Sir Roger, 348, 350
Curzon, (Sophia) Charlotte, Baroness Howe, 93, 339, 344, 360
Curzon, George Augustus, 340
Curzon, Penn Assheton, 337
Curzon-Howe, George Augustus William, 339–40, 344, 360
Curzon-Howe, Richard Penn, 1st Earl Howe, 360–61
Cuzzoni, Francesca, 20
Dartmouth, Lord. See Legge, William, 2nd Earl of Dartmouth
Dashwood, Sir Francis, 53, 105
Declaration of Independence, 210, 234–35
Derby Mercury, 64
D’Estaing, Charles-Hector, Count, 304–5
Devil’s Disciple, The (Shaw), 161
Dilettanti, Society of, 53, 89, 380n
Douglas, George, Earl of Morton, 358
D’Oyly, Christopher, 200–201, 210, 239, 245
D’Oyly, Sarah, 200
Draper, Sir William, 101
The Dreamer (Innes), 285
Duncan, Capt. Adam (later Viscount Duncan), 325–26
Dunkirk (ship), 39, 40–41
Eagle (ship), 195, 218, 272, 284
East India Company, 55, 103, 202
Edward Augustus, Prince, Duke of York, 103–4, 177–78
naval service under Richard Howe, 78
Ellis, Joseph, 4
Epperstone Manor, 97, 387n
Eton cricket matches, 46, 379n
Evacuation Day (Massachusetts), 214
Faintasie (Kielmansegg home), 8
Falmouth (Maine), 187
Family Compact, 343
Fettiplace, Charlotte Howe
birth and baptism of, 13, 370n
death, 337
marriage to Robert Fettiplace, 89, 96, 135–36
testimony of, 194–95
Fettiplace, Robert, 89, 96, 135–36
Finch, Lady Charlotte, 145, 198
Finch, George, 9th Earl of Winchilsea, 198
First Continental Congress, 139, 146–47, 154, 157, 162
Fisher, David Hackett, 98
Fitzpatrick, John, 2nd Earl of Upper Ossory, 122, 193
Fitzpatrick, Capt. Richard, 242, 246
FitzRoy, Anne, Duchess of Grafton, 120, 121–22
FitzRoy, Augustus Henry, 3rd Duke of Grafton, 119–20, 121–22
FitzRoy, Lady Anne, 346
Fleming, Thomas, 168
Fort Dusquesne, 39
The Howe Dynasty Page 59
